JPH0554067B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to an analytical method and apparatus for antigen-antibody reactions, and particularly to an analytical method and apparatus suitable for use in determining whether or not there is an influence of the prozone phenomenon and measuring a reaction solution. Regarding equipment. [Background of the Invention] In recent years, clinical chemistry tests in hospitals and the like have been increasingly automated, and automation of not only biochemical tests but also serum tests has become popular. Furthermore, as clinical knowledge regarding various diseases is accumulated, substances that are said to be closely related to these diseases are being revealed. These substances, which have recently been attracting attention, are generally present in serum in only trace amounts. These substances are analyzed and measured using antigen-antibody reactions. Among these, a method using a radioisotope as a label (RIA method) is suitable for measuring trace components. In addition, immunoassay methods such as immunoturbidimetry, latex turbidimetry, fluorescent labeling immunoassay, and enzyme labeling immunoassay have recently come into use. However, with these analytical methods that utilize antigen-antibody reactions, a prozone phenomenon often occurs in which the measured value shows an extremely low concentration when the sample contains a high concentration of antibody or antigen. This resulted in errors in the measurement of substances (antibodies or antigens). [Object of the Invention] The object of the present invention is to develop an antigen that can appropriately confirm the presence or absence of the influence of the prozone phenomenon even if the sample before the reaction is turbid when analyzing and measuring a test immune component that can cause an antigen-antibody reaction. An object of the present invention is to provide an analytical method and device for antibody reaction. [Summary of the Invention] In the analysis method according to the present invention, after photometrically measuring a first reaction solution in which a sample and an antigen-antibody reaction reagent are mixed, a substance identical to the above-mentioned immune component to be tested is placed in a reaction container containing the first reaction solution. The second reaction solution obtained by adding the prozone check solution containing the prozone check solution is photometered multiple times with a photometer, and the absorbance observed in the multiple photomeasurements is determining the change as a rate assay measurement value of the second reaction solution, and determining by a control device that the first reaction solution is affected by a prozone phenomenon when the rate assay measurement value is negative; The method is characterized in that when the rate assay measurement value is positive, the control device determines that the first reaction liquid is not affected by the prozone phenomenon. Further, the analyzer according to the present invention is configured to be able to carry out the above-described analysis method, and in particular, the analyzer is arranged so that the reaction container containing the second reaction liquid passes through the photometric position multiple times on the reaction disk. In addition to providing a reaction disk drive device for transferring the reaction vessel array, when the rate assay measurement value obtained based on multiple photometry for the second reaction liquid is negative, the first reaction liquid is affected by the prozone phenomenon. a control device that makes a determination that the rate assay value is positive, and causes the output device to output the concentration of the immune component to be tested calculated based on the photometry of the first reaction liquid when the rate assay measurement value is positive; It is characterized by having been provided. Here, the test immune component refers to either an antigen or an antibody, and the antigen-antibody reaction reagent refers to a substance that can specifically react with the test immune component to form an antigen-antibody complex (corresponding (antibodies or antigens). The measurement target may be an antigen or an antibody. The rate assay measurement described here refers to the optical observation of changes in the amount of antigen-antibody complexes produced in the same reaction solution over time.
If the amount of production decreases at a later observation point than at the previous observation point, it is considered negative, and if it increases, it is considered positive. In the examples of the present invention, the reaction process is measured by absorbance multiple times. In the second reaction solution formed by adding the prozone check solution, if the absorbance after a predetermined period of time is smaller than the previously measured absorbance, the amount of complex produced in the second reaction solution is determined. This means that the number gradually decreased. Blood samples often contain turbid specimens, but the prozone check based on rate assay measurement of the present invention is not easily affected by turbidity. [Embodiments of the Invention] Prior to describing specific embodiments based on the present invention, knowledge related to the prozone phenomenon will be explained.
Here, an explanation will be given as an example of immunoturbidimetry in which an antigen-antibody complex generated by a reaction between an antigen and an antibody is optically measured as turbidity. Generally, the concentration of antigen-antibody complex and turbidity are positively proportional. Therefore, in areas where antigen-antibody complexes are generated in proportion to the concentration of the test substance (either antigen or antibody) in the specimen sample, measuring the turbidity can determine the concentration of the target substance. The concentration can be quantified. That is, when the concentration of the reactant (antibody or antigen) in the reagent is sufficiently large relative to the concentration of the test substance (antigen or antibody), the concentration of the test substance and turbidity are approximately directly proportional. As the concentration of the analyte increases, the proportionality constant becomes smaller, and the proportionality constant approaches zero when the concentration of the analyte and the reactant in the reaction container are approximately equal. moreover,
When the concentration of the test substance becomes greater than the concentration of the reactant, the proportionality constant becomes a negative value, and the turbidity decreases. Therefore, quantifying the test substance from turbidity in such areas will give an abnormally low measurement value, even though the test substance actually contains an extremely high concentration, which can be fatal in clinical tests. You will make a big mistake. In other words, when an antigen-antibody reaction is used as a measurement method, it is important to always check whether the measured value obtained was obtained by a reaction in the region of excess reactant. be understood.
Checking for this prozone phenomenon is indispensable for ensuring the reliability of test and measurement results. Next, one embodiment based on the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The sampler 1 transports sample cups 5 containing blood samples in a row so as to sequentially or selectively position a specific sample at a sample suction position. The transfer mechanism is preferably a combination of a turntable and a stepping motor (pulse motor), but a bendable chain may also be used. On the other hand, the transfer path of the row 2 of reaction containers 6, that is, the reaction line, passes through the sample addition position, the first reagent addition position, the first photometry position, the second reagent addition position, and the second photometry position. Blood containing an antigen, which is a test substance, is sucked in by the pipette nozzle 4 of the pipette mechanism 3 from the sample cup 5 that has come to the sample suction position, and is discharged into the reaction container 6 that has been stopped at the sample addition position. When the row of reaction vessels is intermittently transferred and the reaction vessels stop at the first reagent addition position, the first reagent solution containing the antibody as the reactant is transferred to the tube 8 of the first reagent supply mechanism 7.
, and an antigen-antibody reaction is initiated.
This reaction produces immune complexes. The absorbance of this first reaction solution is measured by a first photometer at a first photometric position. In the first photometer, a light source section 12a irradiates the reaction liquid with white light, and a spectrometer 11a separates the transmitted light and receives the light. The photoelectrically converted signal is sent to the microcomputer 20 via an analog-to-digital converter (A/D converter) 15a.
The signal is sent to the computer, undergoes the necessary signal processing, and then is stored in the computer's memory. When the specific reaction container is further intermittently transferred and reaches the second reagent addition position, a predetermined amount of the second reagent solution containing the same antibody as the first reagent solution is added via the tube 10 of the second reagent supply mechanism 9. Ru. Addition of such additional fluid changes the amount of immune complexes produced. The absorbance of this second reaction solution is measured by a second photometer at a second photometric position. That is, the reaction liquid is irradiated with white light from the light source section 12b, the transmitted light is dispersed by the spectroscope 11b, and light with a necessary wavelength is photoelectrically converted. The signal is guided to the microcomputer 20 via the A/D converter 15b, and after correcting the absorbance change based on the change in liquid volume due to the addition of additional liquid, this second measurement value regarding the same sample is stored in the memory first. The measured value is compared with the first measured value stored in , and it is determined based on a predetermined criterion whether there is an influence due to the prozone phenomenon. As a result of the determination by the microcomputer 20,
For a sample determined to be free from the influence of the prozone phenomenon, the measurement value based on the first photometer is displayed on the display section 21 as the concentration of the antigen in the sample. A sample determined to be affected by the prozone phenomenon is displayed on the display unit 21 with a comment indicating that re-measurement is required added to the first measurement value. Therefore, the operator can measure the problematic specimen by changing the measurement conditions based on the displayed results. In this embodiment, it is also possible to automatically re-measure. That is, when it is determined that a specific sample is affected by the prozone phenomenon, the microcomputer 20 controls the pipetting mechanism to change the sample collection amount or the first reagent addition amount depending on the degree of the effect. 3 or the first reagent supply mechanism 7. The sample cup 5 containing the specimen requiring re-measurement is positioned at the sample suction position under the control of the microcomputer 20, and the changed sample amount is distributed to the reaction vessel 6 by the nozzle 4. Thereafter, the analysis operation proceeds in the same manner as in the previous case. In the sampler 1, when the interrupt dispensing operation for the re-measured sample is completed, the sampler 1 returns to the original measurement order state and continues the dispensing operation. Next, other embodiments based on the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6. In FIG. 2, a reaction disk 31 has a plurality of light-transmitting reaction vessels 6 serving as measurement cells on its circumference, and can rotate clockwise around a rotation center 33. The reagents 24a and 24b are dispensed using the dispenser 3.
9,40. The spectrometer 11 is of a multi-wavelength simultaneous photometry type, and faces the light source lamp 12, and when the reaction disk 31 is in a rotating state, the reaction vessel 6
The array is configured such that the light beam 13 from the light source lamp passes therethrough. When the sample container 5 containing the sample to be measured (serum, etc.) on the sample table 34, which can rotate in both directions around the rotation center 36, comes to the sample suction position 30, a fixed amount of the serum is aspirated by the pipette probe 38. , and is discharged into the reaction container that has been transferred to the discharge position 25. When the sampling operation by the syringe 37 and the probe 38 is completed, the reaction disk rotates 360 degrees clockwise plus one reaction container pitch and then stops. During rotation of the reaction disk, all reaction vessels on the reaction disk are thus passed through the light beam. When the light beam passes through each reaction vessel, light absorption measurement is performed by the spectrometer 11, and the output of the spectrometer is selected by the multiplexer 16 to select the signal of the currently required measurement wavelength, and the A/
The data is taken into the central processing unit of the microcomputer 20 via the D converter and stored in the read/write storage device. The discharge mechanism 28 discharges the liquid in the reaction container using the drain suction pipe 26, and the supply mechanism 29 supplies cleaning liquid through the supply pipe 27. The total time during which the reaction disk 31 is rotating (17 seconds) and stopping (3 seconds) is 20 seconds, and the above operation is repeated with 20 seconds as one cycle. That is, as the cycle progresses, the position of the sampled sample to be measured in the state where the reaction disk is stopped advances clockwise by one pitch of the reaction container. When looking at the sampled specific sample to be measured, the dispensers 39 and 40 are installed at the positions where the reaction disk is stopped and is advanced by, for example, 1 reaction container pitch and 16 pitches. It discharges reagents for causing the first reaction and the second reaction. In other words, regarding a specific sample to be measured containing an antigen (or antibody), the first antigen is removed by the first reagent containing the antibody (or antigen) added by the first reagent dispenser 39. The reaction process from the start of the antibody reaction until the addition of the second reagent is observed and recorded multiple times using a photometer with one cycle of 20 seconds, and based on this first measurement data, the antigen (or The concentration of the antibody) is calculated by the computer 20. Next, an antigen (or antibody) is added as a second reagent (prozone check liquid) using the second dispenser 40. The second reaction that occurs after the addition of the second reagent 24b is also observed and recorded by a photometer with one cycle of 20 seconds as the first reaction. By measuring this second response, computer 20 checks whether a prozone is occurring. For example, if a prozone occurs in the first reaction solution due to excess antigen, adding an antigen-containing solution as the second reagent will cause the absorbance of the second reaction to be lower than that of the first reaction solution.
The absorbance decreases from the final photometric absorbance of the reaction. Conversely, if prozone has not occurred in the first reaction solution, adding the antigen-containing solution as the second reagent will cause the second reaction to decrease.
The absorbance of the reaction will increase further than the final photometric absorbance of the first reaction. That is, by comparing the second reaction measurement result with the final measurement result of the first reaction to determine the difference, or by measuring the second reaction with a rate assay, it is possible to determine whether prozone occurred in the first reaction. can be determined. It is determined that a prozone has occurred when the difference between the second reaction measurement value and the first reaction final measurement value is negative, or when the rate assay measurement value is negative. Conversely, if the difference between the second reaction measurement value and the first reaction measurement value is positive, or if the rate assay measurement value is positive, it is determined that prozone is not occurring. Moreover, in this embodiment, if it is determined that prozone is occurring, the amount of movement of the syringe 37 is changed when remeasuring the sample depending on the magnitude of the negative measured value of the second reaction. The sampling amount can be automatically determined so that appropriate measurement values can be obtained. The sample sampling syringe 37 shown in FIG. 2 is driven by a pulse motor controlled by the computer 20, and the sampling amount can be increased or decreased as desired. Further, the dispensers for the first reagent and the second reagent are also driven by pulse motors controlled by the computer 20. In the embodiment device shown in FIG. 2, the sample table 3
4, this sample table 34 is moved by the computer 20 so that the blood samples determined by the computer 20 to be affected by the prozone phenomenon are selectively and sequentially positioned at the sample suction position. It is operated. Correspondingly, the computer 20 controls the operation to reduce the amount of suction by the sampling syringe 37. As a result of this re-measurement, if the second reaction is positive, it is displayed on the display section (printer) 21 as final data. If the second reaction is negative, the sample distribution amount is further reduced depending on the degree of the negative magnitude, and the measurement operation is automatically performed again. Next, an example in which immunoglobulin A (IgA) was measured using the apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 will be specifically explained. As an example of a suitable reagent composition in this case, a solution having the following composition can be used. 1st reagent...antiserum solution (solution containing anti-IgA antibodies) 2nd reagent...crude serum dilution solution (as IgA
13g/dl). The measurement conditions of the device are as follows. Sample amount 12μ First reagent amount 350μ Second reagent amount 50μ Reaction temperature 37℃ Measurement wavelength 340nm/700nm (two-wavelength photometry) The above first reagent 24a and second reagent 24b are stored in a reagent tank, and the sample is placed on the sample table 34. When the operator issues an instruction to start analysis, the device operates according to the operating principle described above.
Now, if we trace the reaction inside the reaction container, we will see that the sample and the first
When the reagents are mixed, the immunoglobulin in the sample reacts specifically with the antibodies in the reagent to form an insoluble antigen-antibody complex. Since the turbidity produced is proportional to the amount of immunoglobulin, the amount of immunoglobulin in the sample can be determined by optically measuring the turbidity. That is, after adding the first reagent, the turbidity in the first reaction solution is
The amount of immunoglobulin in the sample is measured by optically tracking with two wavelengths of 340 nm and 700 nm.
After this, the second reagent is dispensed, and it is checked whether prozone has occurred or not based on the increase/decrease in the absorbance of the second reaction solution after dispensing. In other words, if the absorbance change after dispensing the second reagent (antigen) is negative,
It is determined that prozone is generated due to antigen excess, and if the change in absorbance after dispensing the second reagent is positive, it is determined that prozone is not generated. The computer 20 automatically executes re-measurement by reducing the sample amount only for the sample for which it is determined that prozone has occurred. FIG. 3 shows the results of preparing a concentration dilution series of a high-concentration IgA sample (8250 mg/dl) and measuring it using the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 (however, the first measurement without re-measurement) is shown. It can be seen that the measured absorbance values after adding the sample and the first reagent changed from increasing to decreasing after the dilution series 6/10, and entered the prozone region.
Similarly, the change in absorbance after the addition of the second reagent turned from positive to negative after June 10th, and it can be seen that all samples in which prozone was observed showed negative values. Actual measured values are shown in Table 1.
However, the numerical values in the table are absorbance x ¹⁰⁴ , A corresponds to the amount of antigen-antibody reaction product produced as a result of the first reaction (i.e. IgA concentration in the sample), and B corresponds to the amount of the first reaction and second reaction. The difference in absorbance is shown. A′B′ indicates the value of remeasurement.

【table】

[Table] In the actual analyzer, even if the value of the second reaction is positive, if it is smaller than a certain value, it is retested. This is because the area is already close to the prozone area at that point, and there is a possibility that the measured value of the first reaction is low (an area where the calibration curve is curved). Incidentally, in the first case, those with a second reaction measurement value of 800 or less were re-measured. In other words, those with a value of 800 to -200 are 5μ (1/2 amount), -
A program was used that automatically remeasured samples of 201 to -500 with a sampling amount of 3 μ (3/10 amount) and samples of −500 or less with a sampling amount of 2 μ (1/5 amount). As a result, the values obtained by re-measuring the series from 5/10 to 10/10 are shown in Table 1.
A′, B′. In other words, according to this measurement method, high serum serum values (IgA of 1000 mg/dl or more, rarely 5000 to 10,000 mg/dl) appear in several to dozens of samples per month at testing centers. , it is possible to completely prevent measurement errors caused by Prozone. Table 2 shows the simultaneous reproducibility of IgA measurements using the apparatus shown in FIG.

【table】

[Table] Figure 4 shows the results of examining the linearity of IgA measurements. Previously, the measurement limit was around 2000mg/dl, but by applying the automatic remeasurement described above,
This shows that it can be measured almost linearly up to 10,000 mg/dl. Figures 5 and 6 show the method based on the present invention (y-axis) and the conventional laser nephelometer method (x-axis).
Shows the correlation of IgA measurements with In FIG. 5, the number of data n, the correlation coefficient r, and the regression formula y were as follows. n=155, r=0.9752, y=0.9326x+22.258 Also, in FIG. 6, it was as follows. n=157, r=0.9967, y=1.021x+2.2911 Thus, according to this method, good results were obtained in terms of simultaneous reproducibility, linearity, and correlation. In the above-mentioned example, when determining whether or not prozone has occurred in the first reaction solution, the second
This corrects for the decrease in the absorbance of the reaction solution due to the increase in volume due to the addition of the reagent solution. That is, the liquid volume corrected value Y ₂ of the first reaction final measurement value is compared with the second reaction measurement value Y ₃ . Here, the liquid volume correction value Y ₂ of the first reaction final measurement value Y ₁ is obtained as Y ₂ =Y ₁ ×V _S +V _R1 /V _S +V _R1 +V _R2 (1). Here, V _S : Sample amount V _R1 : First reagent amount V _R2 : Second reagent amount Therefore, by comparing the second reaction measurement value Y ₃ and Y ₂ calculated by the above formula (1), Y ₃ ＞Y ₂ , it is determined that a prozone is occurring, and when Y ₃ ≦Y ₂ , it is determined that a prozone is not occurring. Further, in the above embodiment, the amount of sample sampled at the time of re-measurement was reduced, but it goes without saying that a modified method in which the amount of the first reagent added is increased inversely proportionally is also possible. Next, another embodiment based on the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 11. The embodiment device shown in FIG. 7 has many features in common with the device shown in FIG. However, there are differences in the sample supply system and reagent system. Components that operate in the same way as in FIG. 2 are given the same reference numerals. When the sample container 5 containing the serum sample containing antigen, which is the test item, is transferred to the sample suction position 30, the syringe 37 of the first sample pipette and the sampling probe 38 are operated, and a certain amount of the serum is inhaled. The retained serum is discharged into the corresponding reaction container 6 positioned at the addition position 25.
When this dispensing operation is completed, the reaction disk 31 continuously rotates clockwise for 17 seconds or more, making one rotation (360 degrees).
Move to +1 container pitch and stop for 3 seconds. By repeating this operation for each cycle, the reaction vessels on the reaction disk 31 are advanced one by one to their stopping positions, and all of the reaction vessels on the row cross the light beam 13 with each rotational operation. Therefore, for each cycle, the light absorption of the liquid in a number of reaction vessels is measured by a photometer. When looking at a specific sample to be measured, the dispenser is installed at a position that is one pitch ahead of the reaction vessel when the reaction disk is stopped, and the first
A reagent 24 containing an antibody (or antigen) for causing a reaction is discharged from a dispenser 39. As a result, the first antigen-antibody reaction is started, the reaction process is recorded for a certain period of time with one cycle of 20 seconds, and the concentration of the antigen (or antibody) contained in the sample is calculated by a computer based on this measurement data. . When looking at this particular sample to be measured, when the reaction vessel reaches a position that has advanced by, for example, 16 pitches, the second
The syringe 50 of the sample pipette and the sampling probe 51 are operated, and a predetermined amount of the same sample is again added to that particular reaction container. This second added sample acts as a second reagent, an additional fluid containing the antigen (or antibody). That is, the second sampling probe is always 16 pitches earlier (not necessarily 16 pitches earlier on the sample table).
An aliquot of the sample is aspirated and dispensed into the reaction vessel at 16 positions on the reaction disk. The second reaction that occurred after the re-addition of the sample was also recorded with 20 seconds as one cycle, similar to the first reaction. This second
The first and second measured values are compared by measuring the reaction of the prozone to check whether a prozone is occurring. For example, if the target component in the sample is an antigen and prozone is occurring due to excess antigen, if the sample (antigen) is added again at the start of the second reaction, the absorbance of the second reaction will be 1st
decreases from the final photometric absorbance of the reaction. Conversely, if prozone has not occurred, re-adding the sample as an antigen will cause the absorbance of the second reaction to increase even more than the final photometric absorbance of the first reaction. In other words, the difference can be determined by comparing the second reaction measurement result with the final measurement result of the first reaction, or by measuring the second reaction with a rate assay, it can be determined whether or not prozone occurred in the first reaction. can be determined. The determination by the computer as to whether there is an influence of the prozone phenomenon is the same as in the embodiment shown in FIG. For example, in the above case, the second reaction measurement value and the first
It is determined that prozone has occurred when the difference from the final reaction measurement value is negative or when the rate assay measurement value is negative. Conversely, if the difference between the second reaction measurement value and the first reaction measurement value is positive, or if the rate assay measurement value is positive, it is determined that prozone is not occurring. As described above, it becomes possible to carry out a prozone check by quantifying the component concentration in the sample by the first reaction and measuring the second reaction following the first reaction. Furthermore, according to this method, it is possible to carry out the simultaneous measurement of immunology items and general chemistry items without any problem while checking the prozone, without reducing the sample processing capacity. A specific example in which a serum sample was analyzed using the example apparatus shown in FIG. 7 will be described in detail. Here, the case of measuring immunoglobulin M (IgM) will be mainly explained as an example. An example of a reagent composition suitable for use in this case is as follows. First reagent: Antiserum solution (solution containing anti-IgM antibody) The measurement conditions of the device are as follows. Sample amount (1) 20μ Sample amount (2) 5μ First reagent amount 350μ Reaction temperature 37℃ Measurement wavelength 340nm/700nm (dual wavelength method) Set the above first reagent in the dispenser and place the sample on the sample table 34. Once set and the operator issues a command to start analysis, the device operates as described above. Now, if we track the reaction inside the reaction container, when the sample and the first reagent are mixed, the immunoglobulin in the sample reacts specifically with the antibody in the reagent.
Forms an insoluble antigen-antibody complex. Since the turbidity produced is proportional to the amount of immunoglobulin, the amount of immunoglobulin in the sample can be measured by optically measuring the turbidity. After this, the sample is again dispensed into the reaction solution, and it is checked whether prozone has occurred based on the increase or decrease in absorbance after dispensing.
In other words, if the change in absorbance after redispensing the sample is negative, it is determined that prozone has occurred due to antigen excess, and if the change in absorbance after redispensing the sample is positive, it is determined that prozone has not occurred. . The measurer (operator) can take re-examination procedures such as reducing the amount of sample only for samples for which it is determined that a prozone has occurred. At the time of reexamination, the sample amount or sample dilution rate used for measurement is determined with reference to the magnitude of the negative absorbance change in the reaction (second reaction) after sample redispensing. Since the degree of prozone can be estimated from the measurement results of the second reaction used to determine the prozone check, adaptation to retesting can be made quickly. FIG. 8 shows the results of preparing a concentration dilution series for a high-concentration IgM sample (11000 mg/dl) and measuring it using the apparatus shown in FIG. It can be seen that the measured absorbance value after adding the sample and the first reagent changed from increasing to decreasing after the dilution series reached 4/10, indicating that it entered the prozone region. Similarly, after April 10th, the change in absorbance after redispensing the sample turned from positive to negative, and it can be seen that all the samples in which prozone was observed showed a negative value. Table 3 shows the measured values. However, the values in Table 3 are absorbance x ¹⁰⁴ ,
A corresponds to the amount of antigen-antibody reactant produced as a result of the first reaction (ie, IgM concentration in the sample), and B shows the absorbance difference between the first reaction and the second reaction (absorbance change in the second reaction).

[Table] Table 4 also shows the simultaneous reproducibility of IgM measurement using this method.

【table】

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, even in the case of a sample that is cloudy from the beginning, it is possible to check without error whether the measured value of the reaction solution in which the antigen-antibody reaction has occurred is influenced by prozone.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the schematic structure of one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the schematic structure of another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the prozone phenomenon of IgA, and FIG. Figure 4 shows the linearity of the reaction using the apparatus shown in Figure 2. Figures 5 and 6 show the correlation between the IgA measurements of the method based on the present invention and the conventional laser nephelometer method. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the prozone phenomenon of IgM, FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the linearity of the reaction by the apparatus of FIG. 7, and FIG. Figures 10 and 11
The figure is a diagram showing the correlation between the IgM measurement values of the method based on the present invention and the laser nephelometer method. 1... Sampler, 4... Pipette nozzle, 5...
…sample cup, 6…reaction container, 7…first
Reagent supply mechanism, 9... second reagent supply mechanism, 11,
11a, 11b...Spectroscope, 20...Microcomputer, 24, 24a, 24b...Reagent, 3
1... Reaction disk, 34... Sample table, 39, 40... Dispenser.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A sample to be measured for a test immune component and a reagent for antigen-antibody reaction are added to a reaction container in a row of reaction containers that are circulated through the photometry position of a photometer, and the sample is In the antigen-antibody reaction analysis method for determining the concentration of the test immune component by measuring the light of a first reaction liquid in which the above-mentioned antigen-antibody reaction reagent is mixed with the above-mentioned photometer, the above-mentioned first reaction liquid after photometry is stored. A prozone check solution containing the same substance as the immune component to be tested is added to the reaction container, and a second reaction solution obtained by the addition of the prozone check solution is measured using the photometer. measuring the light twice and determining the absorbance change observed in the plurality of photometry as a rate assay measurement value of the second reaction solution, and when the rate assay measurement value is negative, the control device controls the first reaction solution. determining that the first reaction liquid is not affected by the prozone phenomenon by the control device when the rate assay measurement value is positive; An antigen-antibody reaction analysis method characterized by: 2 (a) A reaction disk with a plurality of reaction vessels arranged so that the rows of reaction vessels can pass through the sample addition position, the antigen-antibody reaction reagent solution addition position, the photometry position, and the prozone check solution addition position; ) The first reaction solution to which the sample and antigen-antibody reaction reagent solution have been added but no prozone check solution is photometered at the photometry position, and the prozone check solution is added to the first reaction solution. a photometric device capable of photometrically measuring the added second reaction solution at the photometric position; (c) the second reaction solution;
a reaction disk drive device that applies a reaction vessel row transfer motion to the reaction disk so that the reaction vessel containing the reaction liquid passes through the photometry position multiple times;
(d) A control device that determines that the first reaction liquid is affected by the prozone phenomenon when the rate assay measurement value obtained based on multiple photometry of the second reaction liquid is negative; and an antigen-antibody reaction analyzer comprising a control device that causes an output device to output a test immune component concentration calculated based on photometry of the first reaction liquid when the rate assay measurement value is positive.