JPH05509178A - Confocal imaging system for microscopy - Google Patents
Confocal imaging system for microscopyInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05509178A JPH05509178A JP3512831A JP51283191A JPH05509178A JP H05509178 A JPH05509178 A JP H05509178A JP 3512831 A JP3512831 A JP 3512831A JP 51283191 A JP51283191 A JP 51283191A JP H05509178 A JPH05509178 A JP H05509178A
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- Prior art keywords
- combination
- combination according
- reflective
- slit
- scanning
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/0004—Microscopes specially adapted for specific applications
- G02B21/002—Scanning microscopes
- G02B21/0024—Confocal scanning microscopes (CSOMs) or confocal "macroscopes"; Accessories which are not restricted to use with CSOMs, e.g. sample holders
- G02B21/0036—Scanning details, e.g. scanning stages
- G02B21/0048—Scanning details, e.g. scanning stages scanning mirrors, e.g. rotating or galvanomirrors, MEMS mirrors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
- G02B17/06—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror
- G02B17/0647—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using more than three curved mirrors
- G02B17/0652—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using more than three curved mirrors on-axis systems with at least one of the mirrors having a central aperture
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/0004—Microscopes specially adapted for specific applications
- G02B21/002—Scanning microscopes
- G02B21/0024—Confocal scanning microscopes (CSOMs) or confocal "macroscopes"; Accessories which are not restricted to use with CSOMs, e.g. sample holders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/0004—Microscopes specially adapted for specific applications
- G02B21/002—Scanning microscopes
- G02B21/0024—Confocal scanning microscopes (CSOMs) or confocal "macroscopes"; Accessories which are not restricted to use with CSOMs, e.g. sample holders
- G02B21/0028—Confocal scanning microscopes (CSOMs) or confocal "macroscopes"; Accessories which are not restricted to use with CSOMs, e.g. sample holders specially adapted for specific applications, e.g. for endoscopes, ophthalmoscopes, attachments to conventional microscopes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B21/00—Microscopes
- G02B21/0004—Microscopes specially adapted for specific applications
- G02B21/002—Scanning microscopes
- G02B21/0024—Confocal scanning microscopes (CSOMs) or confocal "macroscopes"; Accessories which are not restricted to use with CSOMs, e.g. sample holders
- G02B21/0032—Optical details of illumination, e.g. light-sources, pinholes, beam splitters, slits, fibers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/10—Scanning systems
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Microscoopes, Condenser (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるため要約のデータは記録されません。 (57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 この発明は顕微鏡のための共焦点画像システムに関し、より特定的には、スリッ ト走査を利用するようなシステムに関する。[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to confocal imaging systems for microscopy, and more particularly to slitting imaging systems. This paper relates to systems that utilize traversal scanning.
先行技術 共焦点画像の原理は最初にミンスキ(Minsk7)によって説明された(米国 特許第3,013,467号を参照)。prior art The principle of confocal imaging was first described by Minsk7 (USA). See Patent No. 3,013,467).
移動スリット共焦点画像システムはベア(Bier) (米国特許第3,547 .512号)と、リフトマン(Licb+man)((1989)のザ・ニュー ・バイオロジスト(The NewBiologist ) 1.75−82の りクトマン 19w1、サンダーランド(Sunde+1and) W、J、 、およびウィルキンソン(Wiltinson ) R,S、参照)とにより説 明されてきた。また光のスリットまたはバーパターンが標本に亘って走査され、 標本からの反射または放射によって形成されたこのパターンの画像が定置スリッ ト型をしたアパーチャにあたる共焦点顕微鏡の形式も説明されている。定置スリ ットのこの使用はケスタ(Koe+jer ) (ケスタ C,J。A moving slit confocal imaging system is available from Bier (U.S. Pat. No. 3,547). .. 512) and The New of Liftman (Licb+man) ((1989) ・Biologist (The New Biologist) 1.75-82 Richtman 19w1, Sunderland (Sunde+1and) W, J, , and Wilkinson (see R.S.). It has been made clear. A slit or bar pattern of light is also scanned across the specimen; An image of this pattern formed by reflection or radiation from the specimen is A type of confocal microscope with a square aperture is also described. Fixed pickpocket This use of the cut is Koe+jer (Koe+jer) (Kesta C, J.
(1980)応用光学(^pp1.0ptics)1貫、1749−1757) 、バーンズ(B+++ns )等(バーンズ D、 H,、ハタンガディ(Ha langadi ) R,B、およびスペルマンおよびブラッケンホ7 ([l +akenho+1)とピサ(Vissche+)(ブラッケンホフ G、J、 とビサ K、(1990)英国顕微鏡学会論文集(Trans、 Ro79mi crosc、 Soc、 ) 1.247−250)のデザインの特徴である。(1980) Applied Optics (^pp1.0ptics) 1 volume, 1749-1757) , Burns (B+++ns) etc. (Burns D, H, Hatangadi (Ha) langadi) R, B, and Spellman and Brackenho7 ([l +akenho+1) and Pisa (Vissche+) (Brackenhof G, J, and Bisa K. (1990) Proceedings of the British Society of Microscopy (Trans, Ro79mi This is a design feature of crosc, Soc, ) 1.247-250).
初期収差のない反射オートコリメーティングシステムはオフナー(O[ner) によって説明された(A、オフナー、光学エンジニアリング(Optical EB:nte+’+ng ) (1975) 、14.131参照)。A reflective autocollimating system without initial aberrations is O[ner]. Explained by (A. Offner, Optical Engineering (see EB:nte+'+ng) (1975), 14.131).
(interference)を解消する有効な手段として確立された。It has been established as an effective means to eliminate (interference).
これらのシステムにおいて、対物面における大変率さな領域のみがいずれかの所 与の時間に照らされる。対物面における照明は単一の点、点のアレイ、単一の線 または線のアレイの形式であるかもしれない。照明パターンと同じ幾何学的な形 式を有するマスクは対物面と共役の面に組入れられ、照らされた領域のすぐ付近 からの信号のみがマスクを介して視野システムに入ることを許される。この方法 で、照らされた領域から発散する妨害信号は拒絶される。一方でその照明に備え てマスクを保持しながら対物面の区域の全体に及ぶような方法で照明パターンを 走査することによって完全な画像が確立される。In these systems, only very small areas in the object plane are illuminated at a given time. Illumination in the objective plane can be a single point, an array of points, a single line Or it may be in the form of an array of lines. Same geometric shape as lighting pattern A mask with a formula is incorporated in a plane conjugate to the object plane and in the immediate vicinity of the illuminated area. is allowed to enter the viewing system through the mask. this method , the interfering signals emanating from the illuminated area are rejected. On the other hand, prepare for that lighting While holding the mask with the A complete image is established by scanning.
単一点ではなくスリットまたはスリットのアレイを照明のパターンとして使用す るのには、利点がある。たとえばる。この修正は公知のオフナーのリレーを独自 の反射性走査システムに変換する。Using a slit or array of slits as the illumination pattern rather than a single point There are advantages to being For example. This modification replaces the known Offner's relay with its own to a reflective scanning system.
システムにおいて、相応しい点で焦点を合わせるための反射性エレメントの使用 は、そのようなエレメントは製造するのに高価でなくかつ大変広い範囲の波長で 良く機能するという点で先行技術の改良でもある。Use of reflective elements in systems to focus at appropriate points such elements are inexpensive to manufacture and can be used over a very wide range of wavelengths. It is also an improvement over the prior art in that it works well.
実施例の説明 この発明に従った共焦点画像システムが、好ましいシステムが概略的に示される 図面の単−図を参照して、例証される。このシステムは従来の顕微鏡の対物レン ズ(OBJ)とアイピース(E Y E)の間に介挿される。それは2つのオフ ナーの反射オートコリメーション装ff1(Al、BlおよびA2、B2)を含 む。Description of examples A confocal imaging system according to the invention, a preferred system is schematically shown. Illustrated with reference to the single figures of the drawings. This system uses conventional microscope objectives. It is inserted between the eyepiece (OBJ) and the eyepiece (EYE). That's two off including reflective autocollimation equipment ff1 (Al, Bl and A2, B2) of the nothing.
オフナーのオートコリメーションシステムは比率が1・2の曲率半径を有する一 対の鏡から成る。小さい半径の鏡は凸面であり、他方は凹面である。オフナーに よって説明されるように、このシステムは、もし光が図面に示される態様でそれ を介して反射されるならば、1:1の光学リレーとして機能する。このように、 鏡A1とB1とから成るオフナーのシステムは、アイピース(E Y E)にお いて点線で示される面でスリットCを焦点合わせする。鏡A2と82からなる別 のオフナーシステムは、共役焦点を面OPと、スリットCとレンズ上1内での中 央の面MPに作る。Offner's autocollimation system has a radius of curvature with a ratio of 1.2. Consists of a pair of mirrors. The small radius mirror is convex, the other concave. to offner Thus, as explained, this system will be used if the light is , it functions as a 1:1 optical relay. in this way, Offner's system consisting of mirrors A1 and B1 is connected to the eyepiece (EYE). and focus the slit C on the plane shown by the dotted line. Another one consisting of mirrors A2 and 82 The Offner system sets the conjugate focus between the plane OP, the slit C and the lens top 1. Make it on the center side MP.
この文脈におけるオフナーシステムの有用性はその製作のたやすさ、全体の色収 差のないこと、および−次収差のないことである。The usefulness of the Offner system in this context lies in its ease of fabrication, overall color There is no difference, and there is no -order aberration.
照明はビームスプリッタ(BS)を経て送り込まれる。Illumination is delivered via a beam splitter (BS).
光は照らされたスリットによって与えられ得る。しかしながら好ましい実施例に おいて、スリットは使用されていない。代わりに平行レーザビームが円筒形レン ズ(CL)を介して通過され、それから従来の球形レンズ(B2)を介して対物 面と共役である面OPにおいてレーザ光線の焦点合せされた線を与える。照明ビ ームはオフナー装置を介して顕微鏡の基部に向けられる(B2.A2)。Light can be provided by an illuminated slit. However, in the preferred embodiment , the slit is not used. Instead, a parallel laser beam is inserted into a cylindrical lens. (CL) and then through a conventional spherical lens (B2) to the objective. Provides a focused line of laser beam at a plane OP that is conjugate with the plane. lighting vi The beam is directed to the base of the microscope via the Offner device (B2.A2).
この発明に従って、オフナー装置は、凸面鏡B1およびB2の各々図の面と直角 をなす紬の周りを振動するようにし、それによってビームが走査するように修正 される。図1に示される両方の凸面鏡は画像面ではなく顕微鏡に関するアパーチ ャ面にあり、それゆえそれらは理想的には走査エレメントとして役立つようにお かれる。According to the invention, the Offner device is arranged at right angles to the plane of each of the figures of convex mirrors B1 and B2. Modified so that the beam vibrates around the pongee, which makes the beam scan. be done. Both convex mirrors shown in Figure 1 have an aperture relative to the microscope rather than the image plane. surface, so they ideally serve as scanning elements. It will be destroyed.
走査段階において光線はB2から通過し、結合レンズL1を介して対物レンズ( OBJ)に入り、それはB2と共役の面に対物レンズの背面アパーチャをもたら すように機能する。 照明された対象からの信号はそれから逆にこの経路を横断 し、鏡B2によって走査される。それはそれからビームスプリッタBSを介して マスキングスリットCへ通過し、そこでそれは焦点合せされかつスリットを横断 する。照明された線から離れた領域から発散する妨害信号はスリットによって拒 絶される。スリットは幅が調整可能であり、厳重な共焦点状態が課せられること (スリ・ントを狭く)またはより共焦点でない性質のより明るい画像が形成され ること(スリットを広く)を可能にする。第2のオフナー装置における振動鏡B 1は信号をデスキャンするように働き、中心面(MP)において定置二次元画像 を再生し、これはアイピースを使って直接的に目視する(view)こともまた はカメラに記録されることもできる。In the scanning phase, the light beam passes from B2 and passes through the coupling lens L1 to the objective lens ( OBJ), which brings the back aperture of the objective to the plane conjugate with B2. It functions as follows. The signal from the illuminated object then traverses this path in reverse and is scanned by mirror B2. It then passes through the beam splitter BS passes to the masking slit C, where it is focused and crosses the slit do. Interfering signals emanating from areas distant from the illuminated line are rejected by the slit. be extinct. The slit is adjustable in width and strict confocal conditions are imposed. brighter images of a less confocal nature (narrower slit) or less confocal in nature (widen the slit). Oscillating mirror B in the second Offner device 1 acts to descan the signal and creates a stationary two-dimensional image in the central plane (MP). This can also be viewed directly using an eyepiece. can also be recorded on the camera.
凸面鏡B1およびB2の動きは全フィールドを走査するいかなる形式をとっても よいが、交互の方向において均一な角速度の掃引が好ましく、なぜなら、これは 不動時間を減しかつ均一な明るさの画像を提供するからである。好ましい実施例 において、鏡B2は振動鏡B1とは同期にしかし反位相に作用する。ビームスプ リッタBSは、反射されかつ送信された強度のいかなる所望された比率をも作り 出す単純な装置かまたは、蛍光顕微鏡において慣例であるようにまたは2色性の 反射鏡(ダイクロイック)かのどちらかであり得る。The movement of convex mirrors B1 and B2 may take any form that scans the entire field. However, a sweep of uniform angular velocity in alternating directions is preferred, since this This is because it reduces immobility time and provides an image with uniform brightness. Preferred embodiment In , mirror B2 acts synchronously but out of phase with oscillating mirror B1. beam sp The Ritter BS creates any desired ratio of reflected and transmitted intensities. Either a simple device for emitting or a dichroic It can be either a reflective mirror (dichroic).
要約 光学顕微鏡と共に使用する共焦点画像システムであって、スリット型またはバー 型の光のビームが標本に亘って走査され、固定マスクでデスキャンされ、かつ目 視または記録のために再走査され、焦点合せおよび走査システムは完全反射性光 学系によって構成される(A1.BlおよびA2゜B2)。summary A confocal imaging system for use with an optical microscope, either slit or bar. A beam of light is scanned across the specimen, descanned with a fixed mask, and rescanned for viewing or recording, the focusing and scanning system is fully reflective It is composed of academic departments (A1.Bl and A2°B2).
国際調査報告 国際調査報告 GB 9101268 S^ 49946international search report international search report GB 9101268 S^ 49946
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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GB9016632.3 | 1990-07-28 | ||
GB909016632A GB9016632D0 (en) | 1990-07-28 | 1990-07-28 | Confocal imaging system for microscopy |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH05509178A true JPH05509178A (en) | 1993-12-16 |
Family
ID=10679843
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP3512831A Pending JPH05509178A (en) | 1990-07-28 | 1991-07-26 | Confocal imaging system for microscopy |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
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US (2) | US5452125A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0541625B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH05509178A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE135116T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2088267A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69117761T2 (en) |
GB (1) | GB9016632D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1992002838A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2006031004A (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-02-02 | Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh | Optical scanning microscope and use thereof |
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GB9408688D0 (en) * | 1994-04-30 | 1994-06-22 | Medical Res Council | Scanning confocal optical microscope |
US5880465A (en) * | 1996-05-31 | 1999-03-09 | Kovex Corporation | Scanning confocal microscope with oscillating objective lens |
DE19654208C2 (en) * | 1996-12-24 | 2001-05-10 | Leica Microsystems | microscope |
US20030036855A1 (en) * | 1998-03-16 | 2003-02-20 | Praelux Incorporated, A Corporation Of New Jersey | Method and apparatus for screening chemical compounds |
US6388788B1 (en) | 1998-03-16 | 2002-05-14 | Praelux, Inc. | Method and apparatus for screening chemical compounds |
US6548796B1 (en) | 1999-06-23 | 2003-04-15 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Confocal macroscope |
JP4540931B2 (en) * | 2000-09-04 | 2010-09-08 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | Imaging system |
US6309078B1 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2001-10-30 | Axon Instruments, Inc. | Wavelength-selective mirror selector |
US6856457B2 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2005-02-15 | Prairie Technologies, Inc. | Single and multi-aperture, translationally-coupled confocal microscope |
AU2002332802A1 (en) * | 2001-08-29 | 2003-03-10 | Musc Foundation For Research Development | Line scanning confocal microscope |
WO2005083352A1 (en) * | 2004-02-11 | 2005-09-09 | Filmetrics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for high-speed thickness mapping of patterned thin films |
US20050237530A1 (en) * | 2004-04-26 | 2005-10-27 | Schnittker Mark V | Imaging apparatus for small spot optical characterization |
US7221449B2 (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2007-05-22 | Applera Corporation | Apparatus for assaying fluorophores in a biological sample |
US7315352B2 (en) | 2004-09-02 | 2008-01-01 | Avago Technologies General Ip (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Offner imaging system with reduced-diameter reflectors |
US7173686B2 (en) | 2004-09-02 | 2007-02-06 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Offner imaging system with reduced-diameter reflectors |
US7545446B2 (en) * | 2005-08-27 | 2009-06-09 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Offner relay for projection system |
FR2903785B1 (en) * | 2006-07-13 | 2008-10-31 | Beamind Soc Par Actions Simpli | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DEFLECTING A LIGHT BEAM TO SCAN A TARGET SURFACE |
KR20140093818A (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2014-07-29 | 삼성전자주식회사 | System of Measuring Surface Profile |
DE102019115931A1 (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2020-12-17 | Carl Zeiss Microscopy Gmbh | Optical arrangement for a microscope |
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US3669522A (en) * | 1970-03-20 | 1972-06-13 | Singer Co | Reflective relay optical system for two-axis deflection |
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US5020891A (en) * | 1988-09-14 | 1991-06-04 | Washington University | Single aperture confocal scanning biomicroscope and kit for converting single lamp biomicroscope thereto |
US5035476A (en) * | 1990-06-15 | 1991-07-30 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Confocal laser scanning transmission microscope |
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1990
- 1990-07-28 GB GB909016632A patent/GB9016632D0/en active Pending
-
1991
- 1991-07-26 JP JP3512831A patent/JPH05509178A/en active Pending
- 1991-07-26 AT AT91913800T patent/ATE135116T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-07-26 US US07/969,142 patent/US5452125A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-07-26 WO PCT/GB1991/001268 patent/WO1992002838A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1991-07-26 DE DE69117761T patent/DE69117761T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-07-26 CA CA002088267A patent/CA2088267A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-07-26 EP EP91913800A patent/EP0541625B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1995
- 1995-02-13 US US08/388,145 patent/US5561554A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006031004A (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2006-02-02 | Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh | Optical scanning microscope and use thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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ATE135116T1 (en) | 1996-03-15 |
CA2088267A1 (en) | 1992-01-29 |
DE69117761D1 (en) | 1996-04-11 |
US5452125A (en) | 1995-09-19 |
WO1992002838A1 (en) | 1992-02-20 |
EP0541625A1 (en) | 1993-05-19 |
US5561554A (en) | 1996-10-01 |
GB9016632D0 (en) | 1990-09-12 |
DE69117761T2 (en) | 1996-09-19 |
EP0541625B1 (en) | 1996-03-06 |
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