JPH0545666Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a hydraulic rock drill.

[Conventional technology and its problems]

Rock drills are commonly used as a means of making holes in rocks and concrete, such as making holes to bury dynamite during blasting work in quarries, and making holes for using wedges (arrows) when demolishing concrete structures. has been done.

These rock drills include those that use air pressure, those that use gasoline engines as their power source, and those that use electric motors.Recently, there are also those that use hydraulic power from construction machinery such as power shovels and wheel loaders as the operating source. Hydraulic rock drills have appeared.

This hydraulic rock drill has the advantage of being more efficient than pneumatic, gasoline engine, and other types, and of being able to utilize the hydraulic pressure installed in construction machinery. However, since this rock drill uses hydraulic pressure as its operating source, it cannot supply its own compressed air to discharge the chips generated during excavation out of the hole. Therefore,
Drilling requires a separate pneumatic source such as a compressor, which requires additional equipment and makes the work complicated.

[Means for solving problems]

This invention was devised through research to solve the problems of conventional hydraulic rock drills as mentioned above.The purpose of this invention is to eliminate the need for a special air source and to use construction equipment. This type of hydraulic rock drilling machine can powerfully discharge rock drilling and accompanying chips by simply using the hydraulic pressure of the machine, and can reliably prevent chips from entering the machine body. The aim is to provide the opportunity.

In order to achieve this objective, the present invention has installed an air compression mechanism in the rock drilling machine body that utilizes the movement of a hammer piston that reciprocates using hydraulic pressure. It is designed to be self-sufficient; in other words, a hammer piston that reciprocates using hydraulic pressure is provided with a large diameter section, and the main body has a cavity in which the large diameter section slides, and an upper chamber and a lower chamber are separated by the large diameter section. Each chamber is provided with an air suction valve and a discharge valve to form a compressor chamber, and the discharge pipe of each discharge valve is communicated with a tool, and when the hammer piston moves forward, the tool is struck and compressed air is discharged from the lower chamber. The basic feature is that compressed air is discharged from the upper chamber when the hammer piston retreats.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 4 show an embodiment of a hydraulic chamber rock drill according to the present invention, 1 is a main body of the rock drill, and a top chamber 12 in the center of the upper part communicates with a hydraulic oil inlet 11. A pressure accumulating chamber 13 is provided on the outer periphery of the top chamber 12 through a small hole, and an accumulator gas chamber 15 is defined by extending a cylindrical accumulator diaphragm 14 therein. ing.

A control valve chamber 2 is formed to be able to communicate with the top chamber 12, and a control valve 3 is installed inside the chamber so as to be movable up and down.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a piston chamber defined below the control valve chamber 2, into which a piston 5 is inserted so as to be movable up and down.

A hammer piston 6 is firmly connected to the lower end of the piston 5, and has a large diameter part 61 and a small diameter part 62 for impact below, and is allowed to slide around the large diameter part 61. A cylindrical cavity 10 is formed, and this cavity 10 is divided into an upper chamber 101 and a lower chamber 102 that can be freely changed in the thickness direction of the large diameter portion 61.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a front head which is integrally or integrally connected to the lower part of the main body 1, and has an air chamber 71 formed in the vertical movement area of the small diameter portion 62 of the hammer piston 6.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a tool that is struck by the small diameter portion 61, and is held by the front head 7 via the internal shaft 16, and has an upper end facing the air chamber 2 and a guide hole 81 bored in the center.

9 is a valve case installed near the empty chamber 10, and a third valve case is installed at a position corresponding to the upper chamber 101.
As shown in the figure, an upper discharge valve 91 and an upper suction valve 92 are provided, and through holes 95 and 96 are provided in the upper chamber 1.
It is now possible to communicate with 01. Similarly, lower chamber 1
As shown in FIG. 4, a lower discharge valve 93 and a lower suction valve 94 are provided at a position corresponding to 02, and a through hole 97,
98 allows communication with the lower chamber 102.

The upper discharge valve 91 and the lower discharge valve 92
The lower discharge valve 93 and the air chamber 71 of the front head 7 are communicated with each other through an air passage 18, as shown in FIG.

The hammer piston 6 is moved up and down in conjunction with the piston 5 to give a blow to the tool 8, and the tool 8 is continuously rotated. The mechanism is arbitrary, but
This embodiment has the following configuration.

First, as a striking mechanism, the control valve chamber 2 is provided with a flange-shaped protrusion 18 at a position bordering the top chamber 12.
An intermediate protrusion 19 is provided at a distance from the intermediate protrusion 19, and a bottomed, large-diameter lower valve chamber 20 is formed below this. Then, the protrusion 18 and the intermediate protrusion 1
An annular first valve chamber 21 is recessed between the intermediate protrusion 19 and the lower valve chamber 20, and an annular second valve chamber 22 is recessed between the intermediate protrusion 19 and the lower valve chamber 20.

Next, the control valve 3 includes an upper flange 23 that comes into contact with the inner surface of the protrusion 18 when descending;
It has a lower flange 24 that comes into contact with the lower wall of the intermediate protrusion 19 when rising, and a cup-shaped recess 2 at the lower bottom.
5 is formed, and the diameter between the upper and lower flanges is small so that a gap 31 can be obtained between the upper and lower flanges and the inner surface of the intermediate protrusion 19 when lowering.

The piston chamber 4 includes an upper piston chamber 26 and a lower piston chamber 27 that expand in the radial direction at the upper and lower ends.
are formed respectively, and holes 28 and 29 are provided at a predetermined interval in the middle part, and the upper hole 28 is connected to the second valve chamber 22 by a passage 30.
and the top chamber 12. The lower hole 29 communicates with the lower valve chamber 20 of the control valve chamber 2 by a passage 32 . Also, the second
The valve chamber 22 communicates with a hydraulic oil outlet 33 on the opposite side. Furthermore, the first valve chamber 21 and the upper piston chamber 26 are communicated by a passage 39, and the lower piston chamber 27 is communicated with a passage connecting the hydraulic oil inlet 11 and the top chamber 12 by a passage 40.

The piston 5 is a head 5 that slides in the piston chamber 4.
An intermediate head 52 is formed with a constriction 51 at the bottom of the intermediate head 52, and the constriction 51 of the intermediate head 52 connects the holes 28 and 29 at the bottom dead center.

As a mechanism for obtaining rotation of the tool 8, a motor housing 41 is provided integrally or integrally with the main body 1 in a side area of the empty chamber 10, and a gear motor 43 is rotatably provided in a gear motor chamber 42 formed here. The gear motor chamber 42 is arranged in the passage 40.
It is connected to the extension passage 40' of the needle valve 46 via a needle valve 46.

The gear motor 43 is connected by a shaft 44 to a driven gear 45 inside the front head 7, and the driven gear 45 meshes with a gear 47 on the outer periphery of the internal shaft 16.

In other drawings, 48 is a handle, 49 is a push rod for opening and closing the top chamber 12 and the passage 30, and in the illustrated case, the handle 48 has a fulcrum 54.
It is actuated by a control lever 55 which is pivotally mounted.

The usage conditions and effects of the above embodiment will be explained.

When drilling holes in rock or concrete, the hydraulic oil inlet 11 and hydraulic oil outlet 33 are appropriately connected to a hydraulic power source, such as a hydraulic unit such as a power shovel or a wheel loader.

In this state, when the control lever 55 is pushed down in an arbitrary manner, the push rod 49 is pushed via the fulcrum 54, and the space between the top chamber 12 and the passage 30 is closed. The hydraulic oil flowing in from the hydraulic oil inlet 11 flows from the top chamber 12 through the passage 40 into the lower piston chamber 27, and pushes down the piston 5.

At this time, the hydraulic oil in the upper piston chamber 12 is pushed out by the piston head 50, enters the first valve chamber 21 from the passage 39, and further enters the second valve chamber from the gap 31 between the control valve 3 and the intermediate protrusion 19.
The oil is discharged from the hydraulic oil outlet 33 via the valve chamber 22.

Further, at this time, a part of the hydraulic oil passing through the passage 40 is throttled from the passage 40' by the needle valve 46, and a substantially constant amount flows into the gear motor chamber 42, causing the gear motor 43 to rotate. Since the driven gear 45 at the end of the gear motor shaft 44 meshes with the gear 47 of the internal shaft 16, the tool 8 rotates as the internal shaft 16 rotates.

The hydraulic oil flowing in from the hydraulic oil inlet 11 flows into the passage 4.
0 into the lower piston chamber 27 through the intermediate piston 52 and push up the piston 5. At the same time, the gas in the accumulator gas chamber 15 flows through the top chamber 12 and passes through a number of small holes in the accumulator. The diaphragm 14 is expanded while compressing the pressure, and the pressure flows into the pressure accumulation chamber 13 and is accumulated.

Intermediate piston 5 pushed up by hydraulic oil
When the lower end 521 of 2 reaches the hole 29 in the side wall of the piston chamber 4, the hydraulic oil passes from the hole 29 through the passage 32 to the control valve 3 in the lower valve chamber 20.
It flows into the cup-shaped recess 25 of. Since the area of the lower part of the control valve 3 is larger than the area of the upper part, the control valve 3 tends to be pushed upward by the force generated by this difference in area.

By pushing up the piston 5 as described above, the hammer piston 6 also rises. hammer piston 6
has a large diameter part 61, which is built into the cavity 10, so as the large diameter part 61 rises, the air in the upper hammer piston chamber 101 is compressed, and this pressure causes the through hole 95 to be compressed. Through the upper discharge valve 91
is operated in the opening direction. As a result, the compressed air is supplied to the air chamber 71 of the front head 7 via the air passages 17 and 18, guided to the guide hole 81 of the tool 8 whose top reaches the air chamber 71, and descended to the tip of the tool in the longitudinal direction. Or it is ejected from the spout in the middle part,
Chips in the drilled hole are discharged. Also, due to the rise of the large diameter portion 61, the lower hammer piston chamber 102
Since the pressure decreases, the lower suction valve 94 opens at the same time, and air is sucked into the lower hammer piston chamber 102 through the guide hole 98.

When the control valve 3 is pushed up by hydraulic pressure, the lower flange 24 of the control valve 3 closes the space between the first valve chamber 21 and the second valve chamber 22, and at the same time, the top chamber 12 and the first valve chamber 21 are closed. The high-pressure hydraulic oil flows into the piston upper chamber 26 through the passage 39 and pushes the piston 5 downward.

Since the area of the hammer piston upper chamber 26 is much larger than that of the piston lower chamber 27, the piston 5 is rapidly accelerated, and therefore the hammer piston 6 connected to the piston 5 is also accelerated.

During the descent of the piston 5, the hydraulic oil stored in the accumulator chamber 13 of the accumulator is released from a number of small holes to compensate for the pressure in the hydraulic circuit. The hydraulic oil in the piston lower chamber 27 is forced out and flows back into the top chamber 12 through the passage 28.

When the hammer piston 6 descends, the air in the lower hammer piston chamber 102 of the cavity 10 is compressed, which causes the lower discharge valve 93 to open, and the compressed air passes from the valve through the air passage 18 to the air chamber 71.
The tool 8 is guided through the guide hole 81 of the tool 8 and descends to purge the cutting chips during drilling. At the same time, the upper suction valve 91 opens and the upper hammer piston chamber 1
Air is sucked into 01.

The piston 5 and the hammer piston 6, which are accelerated downward by the hydraulic oil flowing into the piston upper chamber 26, strike the tool 8. At this time as well, since a certain amount of hydraulic oil throttled by the needle valve 46 is flowing into the gear motor chamber 42, the tool 8 continues to rotate and uses the energy of rotation and impact to drill holes in rocks, concrete, etc.

At the same time as the hammer piston 6 strikes the tool 8, the upper end 520 of the intermediate portion 52 of the piston 5 hits the hole 2.
9 is reached, whereby the bore 29 and the bore 28 communicate with each other by the gap formed by the constriction 51, and the bore 28 communicates with the passage 30 and the second valve chamber 22.
Because it is connected to the hydraulic oil outlet 33 via
The hydraulic fluid in the control valve lower valve chamber 20 passes through the passage 32 and is discharged via the hole 29 - hole 28 - passage 30. As a result, the control valve 3 is pushed downward by the pressure acting on the top chamber 12.

In this way, when the control valve 3 is lowered to the lower limit position, the space between the top chamber 12 and the first valve chamber 21 is closed by the protrusion 18 of the main body 1 and the control valve upper flange 23. At the same time, the space between the first valve chamber 21 and the second valve chamber 22 is opened again, returning to the state shown in FIG.
The piston 5 is pushed up by the hydraulic oil flowing into the piston lower chamber 27 through the piston 5.

This is one cycle, and by repeating the same operation, the tool 8 is continuously given impact and rotation, and efficient drilling of holes in rock and concrete is performed. Moreover, instead of using the hammer piston 6 as a mere striking means, the hammer piston 6 is provided with a large diameter portion 61 and a vacant space 1 is provided in the sliding area of the hammer piston 6.
0, an upper chamber 101 is formed above and below the large diameter part.
The compressor chamber is composed of the upper chamber 101 and the lower chamber 102, and a discharge valve and a suction valve act on the upper chamber 101 and the lower chamber 102, respectively. 8
Air is discharged through. Therefore, it is possible to continuously and powerfully discharge chips, and since the compressor chamber is configured at the bottom of the main body,
Intrusion of chips into the main body 1 can be prevented.

[Effect of idea]

According to the present invention described above, the compressor mechanism is created using the movement of the hammer piston that reciprocates by hydraulic drive, and air can be self-supplied to the tool in each of the ascending stroke and descending stroke, so that the cutting chips can be reduced. There is no need for a special pneumatic source for evacuation, just a hydraulic source is sufficient, and a power shovel, wheel loader, etc. can be used as the hydraulic source, making it an excellent tool that allows easy and accurate rock drilling work anywhere. Effects can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the hydraulic rock drill according to the present invention in its upward stroke, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of its downward stroke, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view along the line shown in Fig. 1. So, a is when the hammer piston descends, b
indicates when the hammer piston is rising. Figure 4 is the first
In the cross-sectional view shown along the line, a shows the hammer piston when it is lowered, and b shows the hammer piston when it is raised. 1...Main body, 6...Hammer piston, 9...
Valve case, 10... Vacancy, 91... Upper discharge valve, 92... Upper suction valve, 93... Lower discharge valve,
94...Lower suction valve, 101...Upper chamber, 102
...Lower chamber.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) The hammer piston 6 that reciprocates by hydraulic pressure is provided with a large diameter portion 61, the main body 1 is formed with a cavity 10 in which the large diameter portion 61 slides, and the large diameter portion 61 The upper chamber 101 and the lower chamber 102 are provided with air suction valves 92, 94 and discharge valves 91, 93, respectively, to form a compressor chamber.
The discharge pipes 17 and 18 of No. 1 and 93 are communicated with the tool 8, and compressed air is discharged from the lower chamber 102 while striking the tool 8 when the hammer piston moves forward, and compressed air is discharged from the upper chamber 101 when the hammer piston retreats. A hydraulic rock drill characterized by being configured as follows. (2) The scope of the utility model registration claim in which the hammer piston 6 has a small diameter portion 62 below the large diameter portion 61, the large diameter portion 61 is used as a compressor piston, and the small diameter portion 61 is used to impact the tool. Hydraulic rock drill described in paragraph (1). (3) The hydraulic rock drill according to claim 1, wherein the tool 8 has a guide hole 81 that guides the discharged compressed air toward the tip.