JPH05278441A - Transportation means - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To detect the seating condition in a transportation means delicately so as to carry out the ambiance control by measuring the temperature distribution in the space with an infrared-ray sensor, deciding the positions and the numbers of persons inside the space, and controlling the temperature ambiance, the air quality ambiance, the sound ambiance, or the luminous ambiance, in the whole space or the local space in the transportation means. CONSTITUTION:The long axis direction of an infrared-ray array sensor 1 is set in the longitudinal direction, a chopper 3 is driven at 10Hz, for example, and the distribution of the longitudinal radiant heat, that is the temperature distribution, in the directions the infrared-ray array sensor 1 and the lenses face, is measured at every 1/10 second. The signals from the infrared-ray array sensor 1 are processed in a noise filter 6, and after amplifying in an amplifier 7, they are selected by a multiplexer 8, the signal of the selected element is processed in an A/D converter 9, and it is input to a CPU 10. The CPU decides the positions and the numbers of persons inside the space depending on the measured temperature distribution, and the temperature ambiance, the air quality ambiance, the sound ambiance, or the luminous ambiance inside the whole space or the local space is controlled according to the decided condition.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transportation means for controlling a thermal environment, an air quality environment, etc. in a vehicle on the basis of information on the position of a person inside a transportation body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in transportation means such as trains and airplanes, there has been an increasing demand for creating a more comfortable environment in which various controls are carefully controlled according to the person in the vehicle.

Conventionally, in various transportation means, the internal heating and cooling, the air ventilation, etc. are uniformly controlled entirely or the conductor manually controls them partially.

[0004]

In such a conventional means for controlling the thermal environment in transportation means, air conditioning is controlled more than necessary in the entire vehicle regardless of the number of passengers without predicting the load depending on the number of passengers. It was easy to get into an uncomfortable state such as too hot or too cold to control ventilation. In some cases, the conductor needs to manually perform the correction control in order to solve the above problem, but it cannot be finely controlled.

Further, since information such as the passenger rate cannot be accurately grasped, there are cases where the transportation means cannot be used successfully.

The present invention is intended to solve the above problems,
The aim is to provide a means of transportation that is more comfortable and convenient for passengers to use.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is to measure the temperature distribution in space with an infrared sensor and to determine the position and number of persons inside based on the measured temperature distribution. And a means for controlling the entire internal or local thermal environment, air quality environment, sound environment, or lighting environment according to the determined situation.

Further, there is provided a structure including means for calculating information regarding passengers based on a signal from the means for judging the position where the person is present.

[0009]

With the above-described structure, the present invention makes it possible to control the environment in the transportation means in accordance with the internal conditions and realize comfort. In addition, energy saving can be achieved because control can be performed according to the situation.

Further, since the information such as the passenger rate can be accurately grasped, the transportation means can be used effectively.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a perspective sectional view of a sensor portion of this embodiment. The rotating portion 4 is provided with a pyroelectric infrared array sensor 1 having a plurality of light receiving portions arranged in a line, and a silicon infrared lens 2 for condensing infrared rays on the front surface of the infrared array sensor 1, and a silicon infrared lens. Two
A chopper 3 for intermittently blocking infrared rays is provided on the incident surface of the. The rotating unit 4 is mechanically connected to the stepping motor 5.

Now, when the long axis direction of the infrared array sensor 1 is installed vertically and the chopper 3 is driven at 10 Hz,
It is possible to measure the distribution of the amount of radiant heat in the column in the direction in which the infrared array sensor 1 and the lens are facing, that is, the temperature distribution, every / 10 sec. The measurable spatial range depends on the angle of view of the silicon infrared lens 2 and the size of the infrared array sensor 1.

Further, FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of electric signals of the measuring apparatus of this embodiment. The I / O port 11 is electrically connected to the stepping motor 5, the chopper 3, the clock generator, the calculator, and the CPU 10 having a built-in memory. The signal from the infrared array sensor 1 is processed by the noise filter 6, amplified by the amplifier 7, and then selected by the multiplexer 8. The signal of the selected element is processed by the A / D converter 9 and input to the CPU 10. The rotation of the stepping motor 5 causes the sensor rotation unit 4 to rotate.
The output of the infrared array sensor 1 is obtained by the intermittent rotation of and the opening and closing of the chopper 3.

In the above configuration, if the number of light receiving portions of the infrared array sensor 1 is n, the data address is, for example,
S11, S12, ---, S1n, save data for each step, measure forward by rotating m times,
The addresses of the data at that time can be Sm1, Sm2, ---, Smn.

After the measurement of the final body surface direction (m-th measurement) is completed, the motor driving direction signal is set to the backward direction by the signal from the CPU 10, and the stepping motor 5 is totally (m).
* Θ) reverse rotation, return to the initial body surface direction, and enter the standby state for the next measurement. The reverse rotation speed should be as fast as possible. Next, send the measurement data to the CPU 10.

[0017]

[Table 1]

By processing as a matrix of, the temperature distribution of the space can be measured with a resolution of (n * m).

If the long axis direction of the infrared array sensor 1 is set in the vertical direction, the sensor is rotated and fed, and the chopper 3 is driven at 10 Hz, the temperature distribution in one direction can be measured every 1/10 sec. The measurable spatial range depends on the angle of view of the silicon infrared lens 2 and the size of the infrared array sensor 1. Further, the spatial resolution of the columns is provided in the infrared array sensor 1 and depends on the number of light receiving parts. For example, the angle of view of the lens is 70 degrees, and the infrared array sensor 1
When 10 light receiving parts are provided in the vertical direction, the vertical resolution is 10
Will measure the temperature in the range of 7 degrees.

Next, the chopper 3 is driven in the same manner as described above while the direction in which the infrared array sensor 1 and the silicon infrared lens 2 are facing is scanned by intermittently rotating the rotating part forward so that the temperature distribution is determined. taking measurement. After the measurement, by connecting the vertical temperature distributions in each direction by electrical signal processing, a two-dimensional inversion temperature distribution of space is obtained. The spatial resolution in the lateral (left-right) direction depends on the rotational feed angle of the sensor. For example, when a signal is input every 5 ° rotation and the signal is rotated by 100 ° in total, the spatial resolution in the horizontal direction is 20 and the vertical resolution is 70 when viewed from the sensor position.
The temperature distribution can be measured at intervals of several minutes with a resolution of (10 * 20) in a space of 100 degrees and a width of 100 degrees.

As a specific measurement example, in a vehicle as shown in FIG. 3, a sensor is installed so that the center of the vehicle is at an angle of 40.degree. When 12 is installed and the range shown by the arrow line in FIG. 3 is measured in the range of 70 degrees vertically and 100 degrees horizontally from diagonally forward, the temperature distribution shown in FIG. 4 is obtained. The sensor 12 is an infrared array sensor composed of 10 elements, and if a rotation angle in the left-right direction is 5 degrees, a thermal image of (10 * 20) divisions can be obtained. The signal of the first body surface direction is S1 in the figure.
1-S110, and the 20th signal is S201-S2
It is 010.

In FIG. 4, straight lines hh 'and n-
The outside of n'reacts to the infrared incident energy from the window, and the output of this portion basically does not need to be considered. Further, since the line kk 'and the line l-l' also correspond to the passage, it is not necessary to consider the occupant information. Here, between the straight lines hh 'and ii' corresponds to the seat A, and the straight line ii '
Seat between B and g-g ', C between straight lines g-g' and k-k '
Seats between the straight lines ll 'and mm' correspond to seats D, and between the straight lines mn 'and nn' correspond to seats E.

The black-painted data portion shown in the figure corresponds to the high output area, and it can be determined that there are passengers in the seats 3A, 4D and 4E.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 5 shows an example of a one-dimensional sensor composed of an infrared array sensor 141, a silicon infrared lens 15 and a chopper 16. Two sensors are installed on the ceiling in the vehicle shown in FIG. 6, (Example 1)
Similarly, the sensor 12 is installed on the ceiling of the vehicle having passengers in the seats 3A, 4D and 4E so that the center is at an angle of 40 degrees with respect to the vertical direction. When measured, the temperature distribution shown in FIG. 7 is obtained. In this case, it can be determined that there is a person present in any of 3A, 3B, and 3C and that there is a person present in any of 4D and 4E. Furthermore, from the difference in the temperature levels, it can be estimated that there are two people in the 4D and 4E seats and one to two people in the 3A, 3B and 3C seats. In this way, the presence situation was obtained even using the one-dimensional infrared array sensor.

(Embodiment 3) In (Embodiment 1) and (Embodiment 2), the seating position inside the vehicle is specified based on the determined human body position information, and in the case of heating operation, around the seated person. The local environment is set so that the thermal environment is an optimum value of 24 ° C, and the absentee seats are controlled to be 18 ° C so that the environmental control is minimal.
Also, in the case of air-conditioning operation, the environment around the occupants is locally set so that the thermal environment is the optimum value of 25 ° C, and the minimum environmental control is set to 28 ° C for the absence of seats. Control to be.

Regarding air quality control, the ventilation frequency is reduced according to the occupancy rate in the vehicle within a range of 3-15 times / h when the occupancy rate is low, the ventilation frequency is reduced.

By the above control, energy saving and a comfortable thermal environment for the seated person can be achieved.

Regarding the lighting control, the level of the total lighting is uniform in a low illuminance state, spot lighting is possible at a position where seating is confirmed, and a user can select.

Furthermore, a more comfortable environment can be achieved by controlling the sound environment such as BGM based on the above-mentioned seating position information.

(Embodiment 4) Based on the determined human body position information, it is possible to automate the vacant seat status and occupant management by specifying the seating position in the vehicle and making a comprehensive judgment with the reservation information by ticket sales. Becomes Further, it becomes possible to detect the number of passengers in the passage in the vehicle by the signal output corresponding to the passage, and automatically detect the passenger rate and the congestion state.

Although the above embodiments have been described especially for trains, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to trains and can be applied to any means of transportation such as airplanes, buses, passenger cars or ships.

[0032]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the means for measuring the spatial temperature distribution, the means for determining the human body position inside the transportation means from the temperature distribution, and the means for controlling the environment are provided. Based on the determined position information of the human body, the seating position in the vehicle can be specified, and the environment around the seated person can be locally or entirely controlled, and a comfortable environment for the seated person can be provided. .. In addition, the position information of the human body can be used to instantaneously and accurately grasp the congestion situation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective partial cross-sectional view of temperature distribution measuring means, which is a constituent element of a transportation means according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the temperature distribution measuring means.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a measurement scanning range of the temperature distribution measuring means (a) is a plan view and (b) is a side view.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a measurement result by the temperature distribution measuring means.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of temperature distribution measuring means of another embodiment of the transportation means of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a measurement scanning range of the temperature distribution measuring means (a) and a side view (b).

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a measurement result by the temperature distribution measuring means.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Infrared Array Sensor 2 Silicon Infrared Lens 3 Chopper 4 Rotating Part 5 Stepping Motor 6 Filter 7 Amplifier 8 Multiplexer 9 A / D Converter 10 CPU 11 I / O Port 12 Sensor 13 Seat 14 Infrared Array Sensor 15 Silicon Infrared Lens 16 Chopper

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Inventor Katsuya Morinaka 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Atsushi Nishino 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A means for measuring a temperature distribution in a constant space, a means for determining a position where a person is present from the temperature distribution measured by the means, and a thermal environment and a quality of air based on a signal from the means. A transportation means comprising means for locally or globally controlling an environment, a sound environment or a lighting environment. 2. A one-dimensional temperature distribution measuring means comprising a sensor having a plurality of light receiving portions arranged in an array, an infrared lens, and a chopping means for intermittently blocking light rays. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the vehicle is a vehicle. 3. A sensor for measuring a temperature distribution, a sensor having a plurality of light receiving portions arranged in an array, an infrared lens, a chopping means for intermittently blocking light rays, and a chopping direction for receiving light from the sensor. 2. The transportation means according to claim 1, wherein the transportation means is a two-dimensional temperature distribution measuring means including a sensor rotating means that rotates in synchronization with the means. 4. A means for measuring a temperature distribution in a constant space, a means for determining a position where a person is present from the temperature distribution measured by the means, and a position where the person is present. A vehicle comprising means for processing information about a passenger based on a signal from the means. 5. The vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the vehicle is a train, an airplane, a bus, a passenger car or a ship.