JPH05238246A - Air conditioner for electric drive vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To enable effective use of other heat sources during heat pump heating mode operation and defrost operation during heat pump heating mode during running. [Composition] Compressor 1, outside air heat exchanger 2, outside air heat exchanger blower 3, expansion valve 4, inside air heat exchanger 5, inside air heat exchanger blower 6 and four-way switching valve A heat pump cooling and heating device constituted by 7 and a vehicle outside air heat exchanger air introduction / exhaust device 8 are installed outside the vehicle outside air heat exchanger 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle for air conditioning the interior of an electrically driven vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional fuel engine air conditioner for an automobile, for example, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), a compressor 1 for compressing a refrigerant is driven by an engine to heat the air outside the vehicle. After the heat is radiated to the air outside the vehicle compartment to condense and liquefy the refrigerant by the exchanger 2 and the outside air heat exchanger air blower 3, the refrigerant is guided to the vehicle interior air heat exchanger 5 via the expansion valve 4, where The air in the passenger compartment air heat exchanger 6 cools and dehumidifies the air in the passenger compartment to evaporate the air and perform a cooling operation. In addition, the heating action was performed by a hot water heater using the engine water temperature.

In the air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle, the cooling action is the same as the above, but the heating action cannot use the engine water temperature, so the dotted line portion of FIG.
As in (b), the four-way switching valve 7 is used downstream of the compressor 1 to reverse the refrigerant flow path, and the vehicle interior air heat exchanger 5 radiates heat to the vehicle interior air to condense and liquefy the refrigerant, and then the refrigerant. To the outside air heat exchanger 2 via the expansion valve 4, where it is necessary to perform heat pump heating in which the refrigerant absorbs and evaporates while cooling and dehumidifying the air outside the vehicle.

Further, in an air conditioner for a fuel engine automobile,
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-90430 describes an example of performing air conditioning by heat pump heating using engine exhaust heat.

In the heat pump heating mode,
Since the refrigerant in the outside air heat exchanger becomes cold, dehumidified water from the air frosts and freezes on the outside air heat exchanger, making it impossible to exchange heat with the air in the outside air heat exchanger. A defrosting operation to remove frost and freezing of the outdoor air heat exchanger is required.For example, in a room air conditioner for home use, the four-way switching valve is switched at the same time as the cooling mode, and the outdoor air heat exchanger is heated to a high defrosting operation. is doing. Furthermore, during the defrosting operation, if the outdoor air heat exchanger exchanges heat with the air, defrosting cannot be performed,
The outdoor air heat exchanger blower is stopped to perform defrosting operation in heating mode.

[0006]

Generally, since an electric drive vehicle does not have engine exhaust heat, it is necessary to make effective use of other heat sources instead. Even if the air heat exchanger blower is stopped, the air flows into the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger, the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger exchanges heat with the air, and the defrosting operation in the heat pump heating mode becomes impossible.

The present invention is intended to solve the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to enable effective use of other heat sources and defrosting operation in the heat pump heating mode during traveling.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, as a first means, a first ventilation passage for introducing the exhaust air from the air exhaust portion of the vehicle interior and the air outside the vehicle interior are directly introduced. A switching device for switching between the second ventilation passage and the two ventilation passages arranged in the air introduction portion of the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger; and, in heating mode operation, switching to the first ventilation passage side, and cooling mode operation At the time of defrosting operation in the heating mode, when switching to the second ventilation path side, switching to the first ventilation path, and at the same time, a control device that stops the ventilation device for the outside air heat exchanger and the ventilation device for the inside air heat exchanger Is provided.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides
As a second means, a ventilation device for introducing air from the vehicle outside air heat exchanger and a ventilation passage for introducing air discharged from an air exhaust portion of the vehicle interior, a second ventilation passage for directly introducing air outside the vehicle interior, and an air outside the vehicle interior An opening / closing device that opens and closes each of the two ventilation passages arranged in the air introduction part of the heat exchanger, and opens the first ventilation passage and closes the second ventilation passage during the heating mode operation, and the cooling mode operation. At this time, the first ventilation passage is closed and the second ventilation passage is opened, and at the time of defrosting operation in the heating mode, both the first ventilation passage and the second ventilation passage are closed, and at the same time, the ventilation for the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger. A control device for stopping the device is provided.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides
As a third means, a ventilation device for introducing air from the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger and the exhaust air from the vehicle interior air discharge portion, a second ventilation passage for directly introducing the vehicle exterior air, and a vehicle exterior air heat An opening / closing device for opening and closing each of the two ventilation passages arranged in the air introduction portion of the exchanger, and a third ventilation passage arranged in the air discharge portion of the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger and opening and closing of the third ventilation passage. And the opening and closing device for performing the heating mode operation, the first and third ventilation paths are opened and the second ventilation path is closed, and the first ventilation path is closed and the second and third ventilation paths are closed during the cooling mode operation. A control device is provided which opens the ventilation passage and closes the first, second, and third ventilation passages at the same time as the defrosting operation in the heating mode, and at the same time, stops the ventilation device for the air heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment.

[0011]

According to the first means of the present invention, the outside air heat exchanger of the vehicle is controlled by the switching of the two ventilation passages and the control of the air blower for the air heat exchanger inside and outside the vehicle by the mode of the air conditioning operation. When operating in the heat pump heating mode, the exhaust air heat of the vehicle interior air can be used, and in the cooling mode operating, the outside air can be directly introduced. Furthermore, when the vehicle is running, the outside air heat exchanger can stop the front wind, so the heat pump heating Defrosting operation in mode is possible.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, by controlling the opening / closing of the two ventilation passages and the control of the air blower for the outside air heat exchanger in the air conditioning operation mode, the outside air heat exchanger is used as a heat pump. In the heating mode operation, the exhaust air heat of the vehicle interior air can be used, in the cooling mode operation, the outside air can be directly introduced, and when the vehicle is running, the outside air heat exchanger can stop the front wind, so the heat pump heating mode Defrosting operation can be performed.

According to the third means of the present invention, by controlling the opening / closing of the three ventilation passages and the control of the air blower for the outside air heat exchanger in the air conditioning operation mode, the outside air heat exchanger can be used as a heat pump. In the heating mode, the exhaust air heat of the passenger compartment air can be used, and in the cooling mode, the outside air can be directly introduced and the outside air can be completely shut off.
The defrosting operation in the heat pump heating mode can be performed even when there is a wind that winds up on the rear surface of the air heat exchanger outside the vehicle during traveling.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle according to the first embodiment. According to FIG. 1, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a vehicle exterior air heat exchanger, 3 is a vehicle exterior air heat exchanger blower, 4 is an expansion valve, 5 is a vehicle interior air heat exchanger, and 6
Is a blower device for a vehicle interior air heat exchanger, 7 is a four-way switching valve, and a vehicle exterior air heat exchanger air introduction / discharge device 8 is installed outside the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger 2. Since the flow of the refrigerant is the same as that of the conventional example, the description is omitted.

Since the capacity of the storage battery is limited in the electrically driven vehicle, it is necessary to make each device highly efficient and consume less power.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger air introduction / exhaust device 8 in the present embodiment shown in the system diagram of FIG.

In FIG. 2, an exhaust air duct 10 arranged to suck in the exhaust air of the vehicle interior air exhaust portion 9 and an outside air duct arranged in parallel with the exhaust air duct 10 so as to directly suck the outside air of the vehicle interior. A duct 11 is provided, and the exhaust air duct 10 and the vehicle exterior air duct 11 are in communication with the duct 12 so that the air merges on the downstream side.
0 and the damper 13 is arranged at the joint between the exterior air duct 11 and the duct 12, and the damper 13 switches between the air flowing from the exhaust air duct 10 to the duct 12 and the air flowing from the exterior air duct 11 to the duct 12 depending on the position. it can. The exterior air heat exchanger 2 is installed in the duct 12 of the exterior air heat exchanger air introduction / exhaust device 8 configured as described above.
And a ventilation device 3 for the outside air heat exchanger. A control device 14 for switching the damper 13 and controlling the blower device 3 for the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger and the blower device 6 for the vehicle interior air heat exchanger is arranged outside in the air conditioning operation mode.

In the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger air introduction / exhaust device 8 constructed as described above, the damper 13 is switched to the position shown by the solid line during the heating mode operation, and the exhaust air from the vehicle interior air exhaust unit 9 is discharged to the vehicle. It guides to the outdoor air heat exchanger 2 and utilizes the heat of the exhaust air during the heating operation. Further, during the cooling mode operation, the damper 13 is switched to the position shown by the dotted line, and the vehicle exterior air is directly guided to the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger 2. Further, during the defrosting operation in the heating mode, the damper 13 is switched to the position shown by the solid line, the air heat exchanger blowers 3 and 6 inside and outside the vehicle compartment are stopped, and the air outside the vehicle is blown to the outside air heat exchanger. Prevent. In this way, by controlling the switching of the damper 13 and the operation of the air heat exchanger blowers 3 and 6 inside and outside the vehicle in each operation mode by the control device 14, the heat exhausted from the vehicle interior is utilized during heating, By improving the heating capacity and efficiency and directly sucking the air outside the vehicle during cooling, it is possible to prevent the cooling capacity and efficiency from decreasing. Furthermore, since the front wind of the outside air heat exchanger during traveling can be stopped by the damper 13, the outside air heat exchanger does not exchange heat with the air, and the defrosting operation in the heat pump heating mode is possible. Become.

It is also conceivable to stop the damper 13 at a position where mixed air can be introduced from inside and outside the vehicle compartment in order to increase the amount of air introduced into the outside air heat exchanger 2.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a vehicle outside air heat exchanger air introduction / exhaust device 8 ′ according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 3, the exhaust air duct 15 arranged to suck in the exhaust air from the vehicle interior air exhaust portion 9 and the outside air arranged in parallel to the exhaust air duct 15 so as to directly inhale the air outside the vehicle compartment. The duct 16, the exhaust air duct 15, and the vehicle exterior air duct 16 are in communication with the duct 17 so that the air merges on the downstream side, and a damper 18 is arranged at the joint between the exhaust air duct 15 and the duct 17. 1
8 can open and close the air flowing from the exhaust air duct 15 to the duct 17. Similarly, exterior air duct 16 and duct 1
A damper 19 is arranged at the joint portion of 7, and the damper 19 can open and close the air flowing from the vehicle exterior air duct 16 to the duct 17. The vehicle exterior air heat exchanger 2 and the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger blower 3 are arranged in the duct 17 of the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger air introduction / discharge device 8 configured as described above. A control device 20 for opening / closing the damper 18 and the damper 19 and controlling the blower 3 for the air heat exchanger outside the vehicle is arranged outside in the air conditioning operation mode.

In the outside air heat exchanger air introduction / exhaust device 8'constituted as described above, the damper 18 is closed and the damper 19 is opened during the cooling mode operation so that the outside air of the vehicle is directly
Guide to the outside air heat exchanger 2. Also, when operating in heating mode,
The damper 18 is opened and the damper 19 is closed, and the exhaust air from the vehicle interior air exhaust unit 9 is guided to the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger 2 to utilize the heat of the exhaust air. Further, during the defrosting operation in the heating mode, the damper 18 and the damper 19 are closed and the outside air heat exchanger air blower 3 is stopped to prevent the wind from blowing to the outside air heat exchanger 2. By performing the above control in each operation mode, the heat exhausted from the passenger compartment air is used during heating to improve the heating capacity and efficiency, and the air outside the passenger compartment is directly sucked in during cooling to prevent a decrease in cooling capacity and efficiency. The air heat exchanger 2 outside the vehicle that can be driven
Since the front wind can be stopped, the defrosting operation in the heat pump heating mode becomes possible.

Although the switchgear has been described in the embodiment,
The same effect can be obtained with a diaphragm device. It is also conceivable to open the damper 18 and the damper 19 at the same time in order to increase the amount of air introduced into the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger 2 and introduce the mixed air from the vehicle interior and the vehicle exterior.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a vehicle outside air heat exchanger air introduction / exhaust device 8 ″ according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 4, the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger 2, the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger blower 3, the vehicle interior air discharge portion 9, the vehicle exhaust air duct 15, the vehicle exterior air duct 16, the duct 17, the damper 18, and the damper. The arrangement of 19 is the same as in FIG.

A damper 21 is arranged on the air discharge side of the exterior air heat exchanger 2 of the duct 17, and the damper 18 and the damper 19 and the damper 21 are opened / closed and the exterior air heat exchanger is used in an air conditioning operation mode outside. A control device 22 for controlling the blower device 3 is provided.

In the outside air heat exchanger air introduction / exhaust device 8 configured as described above, the damper 18 is closed and the damper 19 and the damper 21 are opened during the cooling mode operation, so that the outside air of the vehicle interior is directly exposed to the outside of the vehicle compartment. Lead to the air heat exchanger 2. Further, during the heating mode operation, the damper 18 and the damper 21 are opened, the damper 19 is closed, and the exhaust air from the vehicle interior air exhaust portion 9 is guided to the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger 2. Further, during the defrosting operation in the heating mode, the damper 18, the damper 19 and the damper 21 are closed,
The air blower device 3 for the air heat exchanger outside the vehicle compartment is stopped. By performing the above control in each operation mode, the heat exhausted from the passenger compartment air is used during heating to improve the heating capacity and efficiency, and the air outside the passenger compartment is directly sucked in during cooling to prevent a decrease in cooling capacity and efficiency. Further, the inflow of front wind and the wind entrained at the rear of the outside air heat exchanger 2 during traveling can be blocked, and reliable defrosting operation in the heating mode during traveling can be performed.

In FIG. 4, the damper 21 is arranged on the discharge side of the outside air heat exchanger blower 3, but the same effect can be obtained by arranging the damper 21 in reverse.

[0030]

As described above, according to the present invention, the heat discharged from the vehicle interior air can be effectively utilized and the front wind of the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger can be stopped when the vehicle is running. Therefore, the defrosting in the heat pump heating mode is possible. It becomes possible to drive.

In addition, the heat discharged from the vehicle interior air can be effectively used and the front wind of the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger can be stopped while the vehicle is running without stopping the ventilation device for the vehicle interior air heat exchanger. Defrosting operation can be performed.

Further, the heat discharged from the vehicle interior air can be effectively used and the front wind and the rear wind of the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger can be cut off while the vehicle is running without stopping the air blower for the vehicle interior air heat exchanger. Moreover, the defrosting operation in the heat pump heating mode becomes possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of an air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the outside air heat exchanger air introduction / exhaust device 8 in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the outside air heat exchanger air introduction / exhaust device 8 in FIG. 1 of claim 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the air introduction / exhaust device 8 for an outside air heat exchanger in the vehicle in FIG.

5A is a configuration diagram of a conventional air conditioner for cooling an engine driven by a fuel engine, and FIG. 5B is a configuration diagram of an air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle according to a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 compressor 2 outside air heat exchanger 3 blower for outside air heat exchanger 4 expansion valve 5 inside air heat exchanger 6 inside air blower for inside air heat exchanger 7 4 way switching valve 8 outside air heat exchanger air Introducing / exhausting device 9 Air discharge part in vehicle compartment 10 Duct 11 Duct 12 Duct 13 Damper 14 Control device 15 Duct 16 Duct 17 Duct 18 Damper 19 Damper 20 Control device 21 Damper 22 Control device

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A compressor, an outside air heat exchanger, an outside air heat exchanger blower, an expansion valve, an inside air heat exchanger, an inside air heat exchanger blower, and a four-way switching valve. The heat pump cooling and heating device, the first ventilation passage for introducing the exhaust air from the vehicle interior air exhaust portion, the second ventilation passage for directly introducing the vehicle exterior air, and the air introduction portion of the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger. An air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle, comprising: a switching unit that switches between the two ventilation channels that are arranged, and a control device that blocks the second ventilation channel by the switching unit at least during defrosting operation in the heating mode. .. 2. A compressor, a vehicle exterior air heat exchanger, a vehicle exterior air heat exchanger blower, an expansion valve, a vehicle interior air heat exchanger, a vehicle interior air heat exchanger blower, and a four-way switching valve. The heat pump cooling and heating device, the first ventilation passage for introducing the exhaust air from the vehicle interior air exhaust portion, the second ventilation passage for directly introducing the vehicle exterior air, and the air introduction portion of the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger. An opening / closing means for opening and closing each of the two arranged ventilation paths is provided, and the opening / closing means closes the first ventilation path and the second ventilation path at least during defrosting operation in the heating mode. An air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle equipped with a control device for controlling. 3. A third ventilation passage arranged at an air discharge portion of the vehicle exterior air heat exchanger, an opening / closing device for opening / closing the third ventilation passage, and a control for controlling the opening / closing device for the third ventilation passage. The air conditioner for an electrically driven vehicle according to claim 2, further comprising a device.