JPH05188345A - Projection type display device - Google Patents
Projection type display deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05188345A JPH05188345A JP4006307A JP630792A JPH05188345A JP H05188345 A JPH05188345 A JP H05188345A JP 4006307 A JP4006307 A JP 4006307A JP 630792 A JP630792 A JP 630792A JP H05188345 A JPH05188345 A JP H05188345A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- aperture diameter
- liquid crystal
- display device
- diaphragm
- light valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000004983 Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Projection Apparatus (AREA)
- Transforming Electric Information Into Light Information (AREA)
- Video Image Reproduction Devices For Color Tv Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ライトバルブ及びこれ
を用いた投射型表示装置に関し、特にライトバルブ上に
形成された画像をスクリーン上に拡大投射した時に、表
示画像の平均輝度及び周囲環境に即してコントラストを
最適化する投射型表示装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a light valve and a projection type display device using the light valve, and more particularly, when an image formed on the light valve is enlarged and projected on a screen, the average brightness of the displayed image and the surrounding environment. The present invention relates to a projection type display device that optimizes contrast in accordance with the above.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】図１０は一般に知られている従来の投射
型表示装置の構成図である。図において、１は光源、
９、１０は光源１を構成する反射鏡及びランプ、２は光
源１から出射する照明光束、３はポリマー分散型液晶ラ
イトバルブ、５は集光レンズ、６は不要光を取り除く絞
り、４は表示画像を拡大投影する投射レンズ、７はスク
リーンである。2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a generally known conventional projection type display device. In the figure, 1 is a light source,
Reference numerals 9 and 10 denote a reflecting mirror and a lamp constituting the light source 1, 2 an illumination light flux emitted from the light source 1, 3 a polymer dispersion type liquid crystal light valve, 5 a condenser lens, 6 an aperture for removing unnecessary light, 4 a display A projection lens for enlarging and projecting an image and a screen 7 are provided.
【０００３】次に動作について説明する。光源１から平
行光束として出射した照明光束２はポリマー分散形液晶
ライトバルブ３に照射される。光源１のランプ１０とし
ては、例えばメタルハライドランプ、キセノンランプ等
の放電ランプや、ハロゲンランプ等が反射鏡９と合わせ
て使用される。ライトバルブ３の面上には、後述するよ
うに画像が表示され、表示画像の濃淡に応じて面内に入
射した光束が透過または散乱される。ライトバルブ３の
表示面に対して垂直に出射した光束（実線）は集光レン
ズ５により絞り６上に集光され、絞り６を通過した後
に、投射レンズ４に入射する。ライトバルブ３で散乱
し、集光レンズ５を通過した光束８（破線）は、絞り６
により遮断され、投射レンズ４に入射することは出来な
い。即ち、絞り６は不要光（散乱光）を選択的に遮断
し、ライトバルブ３からほぼ垂直に出射する光束のみを
選択的に投射レンズ４に送り込むことにより、コントラ
ストを向上させる働きをする。投射レンズ４を透過した
光束はスクリーン７上に拡大結像され鑑賞に供される。Next, the operation will be described. The illumination light flux 2 emitted from the light source 1 as a parallel light flux is applied to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal light valve 3. As the lamp 10 of the light source 1, for example, a discharge lamp such as a metal halide lamp or a xenon lamp, a halogen lamp or the like is used together with the reflecting mirror 9. An image is displayed on the surface of the light valve 3 as will be described later, and the light flux incident on the surface is transmitted or scattered depending on the shade of the display image. A light beam (solid line) emitted perpendicularly to the display surface of the light valve 3 is condensed on the diaphragm 6 by the condenser lens 5, passes through the diaphragm 6, and then enters the projection lens 4. The light beam 8 (broken line) scattered by the light valve 3 and passing through the condenser lens 5 is
It is blocked by and cannot enter the projection lens 4. That is, the diaphragm 6 selectively blocks unnecessary light (scattered light) and selectively sends only the light flux emitted almost vertically from the light valve 3 to the projection lens 4, thereby improving the contrast. The light flux that has passed through the projection lens 4 is magnified and imaged on the screen 7 for viewing.
【０００４】次にポリマー分散型液晶ライトバルブ３の
構成と動作について、図１１により説明する。液晶３ｃ
はポリマー３ｄの中に水滴状に分散しており、これが２
枚のガラス基板３ａ、３ｂに挟まれている。液晶３ｃ、
ポリマー３ｄを合わせて以降ポリマー分散型液晶（Ｐｏ
ｌｙｍｅｒ Ｄｉｓｐｅｒｓｅｄ Ｌｉｑｕｉｄ Ｃｒ
ｙｓｔａｌ：略称ＰＤＬＣ）と呼ぶ。電圧無印加時Ｖ＝
０（図１１（ａ））においては、各々の水滴状液晶３ｃ
は不規則な方向に配向している。この状態では、ポリマ
ー３ｄと液晶３ｃに屈折率の違いを生じ、入射光２は散
乱光２ｂとなる。一方、しきい値電圧以上の電圧Ｖを印
加する（図１１（ｂ））と、液晶３ｃの配向方向が揃
う。液晶３ｃが一定方向に配向した時の屈折率を予めポ
リマー３ｄの屈折率と一致させておけば、入射光２は散
乱せず透過光２ａとなる。電圧の増加にともない液晶３
ｃの配向方向の一致度が向上するので透過する光量も増
加することになる。Next, the structure and operation of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal light valve 3 will be described with reference to FIG. Liquid crystal 3c
Are dispersed in the polymer 3d in the form of water droplets.
It is sandwiched between the glass substrates 3a and 3b. Liquid crystal 3c,
The polymer dispersed liquid crystal (Po
Lymer Dispersed Liquid Cr
ystal: Abbreviated as PDLC). When no voltage is applied V =
0 (FIG. 11A), each liquid crystal 3c
Are oriented in irregular directions. In this state, a difference in refractive index occurs between the polymer 3d and the liquid crystal 3c, and the incident light 2 becomes scattered light 2b. On the other hand, when a voltage V equal to or higher than the threshold voltage is applied (FIG. 11B), the alignment directions of the liquid crystal 3c are aligned. If the refractive index when the liquid crystal 3c is oriented in a certain direction is matched with the refractive index of the polymer 3d in advance, the incident light 2 is not scattered and becomes the transmitted light 2a. Liquid crystal 3 as the voltage increases
Since the degree of coincidence of the orientation direction of c is improved, the amount of transmitted light is also increased.
【０００５】次に、ライトバルブ３の電極の構造につい
て図１２を用いて説明する。図１２において、３ｅは画
素、３ｆはスイッチング素子、３ｇはソース電極、３ｈ
はゲート電極である。この構成によれば、公知のように
ソース電極３ｇとゲート電極３ｈを選択することにより
任意の画素３ｅをスイッチング素子３ｆを用いてオン・
オフすることが出来る。図のように、２次元アレイ状に
電極を構成することにより、２次元の画像表示素子を形
成できる。図１２では赤（Ｒ）、緑（Ｇ）、青（Ｂ）の
画素をデルタ配列で示したが、この他の画素配列も公知
である。また、画素毎にＲ、Ｇ、Ｂ３原色に対応する透
過特性をもたせるために、公知の通り各画素に対応させ
て、Ｒ、Ｇ、Ｂの光を透過させるカラーフィルタが設け
られているが、これについては図示を省略する。Next, the structure of the electrodes of the light valve 3 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 12, 3e is a pixel, 3f is a switching element, 3g is a source electrode, 3h.
Is a gate electrode. According to this configuration, by selecting the source electrode 3g and the gate electrode 3h as is known, an arbitrary pixel 3e is turned on by using the switching element 3f.
You can turn it off. As shown in the figure, a two-dimensional image display device can be formed by forming electrodes in a two-dimensional array. Although the pixels of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) are shown in a delta arrangement in FIG. 12, other pixel arrangements are also known. Further, in order to provide each pixel with a transmission characteristic corresponding to the three primary colors of R, G, and B, a color filter that transmits R, G, and B light is provided corresponding to each pixel as is well known. Illustration of this is omitted.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の投射型表示装置
は、以上のように構成されており、一般には投射レンズ
４直前の絞り６の開口径と投射画像のコントラストの関
係は図１３に示すような関係にあり、また光源１からの
光が完全な平行光でないため、絞り６を通過する段階で
ある一定の広がりをもつので、絞り６の開口径が小さく
なるにつれて投射画像の輝度が低下する傾向にある。コ
ントラストを大きくするためには投射レンズ４直前の絞
り６の開口径を小さくする必要があるが、そうすると透
過光の一部もケラレてしまい、最大輝度が低くなってし
まうという欠点があった。従って、一般にはある程度輝
度を確保出来る開口径で固定して使用されているため、
表示画像により、例えば星空等を表示した様な場合に黒
浮きが目立ち、著しく画質が劣化してしうといった問題
点があった。The conventional projection type display device is configured as described above, and generally the relationship between the aperture diameter of the diaphragm 6 immediately before the projection lens 4 and the contrast of the projected image is shown in FIG. Since the light from the light source 1 is not a perfect parallel light, it has a certain spread at the stage of passing through the diaphragm 6. Therefore, the brightness of the projected image decreases as the aperture diameter of the diaphragm 6 decreases. Tend to do. In order to increase the contrast, it is necessary to reduce the aperture diameter of the diaphragm 6 immediately in front of the projection lens 4, but if this is done, a part of the transmitted light will be vignetted, and the maximum brightness will be reduced. Therefore, in general, it is used by fixing it with an opening diameter that can secure brightness to some extent,
For example, when a starry sky or the like is displayed on the display image, black floating is conspicuous and the image quality is significantly deteriorated.
【０００７】本発明は上記のような問題点を解消するた
めになされたもので、投射レンズ４直前の絞り６の開口
径を表示画像に合わせて変化させることにより、最適な
輝度とコントラストを得ようとするものである。また、
装置を使用する環境の照度に対しても絞り６の開口径を
変化させて、その条件で最適な表示画像となる輝度とコ
ントラストを得ようとするものである。The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the optimum brightness and contrast are obtained by changing the aperture diameter of the diaphragm 6 immediately before the projection lens 4 in accordance with the displayed image. It is something to try. Also,
The aperture diameter of the diaphragm 6 is also changed with respect to the illuminance of the environment in which the device is used to obtain the brightness and contrast that are the optimum display image under the conditions.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明に係わる投射型表
示装置は、絞りとして機械的開口径可変式の絞り、或は
開口径可変式ＧＨ（ゲスト・ホスト）モードポリマー分
散型液晶絞り、同ＧＨモードホワイトテーラー型液晶絞
りを設け、表示画像信号の平均輝度と使用環境の照度を
検出する手段、及びこの検出結果を基に上記絞りの開口
径を制御する手段を設けたものである。A projection type display device according to the present invention comprises a diaphragm having a mechanical aperture diameter variable type as a diaphragm, or a variable aperture diameter type GH (guest-host) mode polymer dispersion type liquid crystal diaphragm. A GH mode white-tailored liquid crystal diaphragm is provided, a means for detecting the average luminance of the display image signal and the illuminance of the use environment, and a means for controlling the aperture diameter of the diaphragm based on the detection result.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】本発明においては、表示画像信号の平均輝度レ
ベルおよび使用環境の照度を検出し、その時の条件で最
も良好な表示画像を得られる輝度及びコントラストにな
るように上記絞りの開口径を制御するものである。According to the present invention, the average brightness level of the display image signal and the illuminance of the use environment are detected, and the aperture diameter of the diaphragm is controlled so that the brightness and the contrast can obtain the best display image under the conditions at that time. To do.
【００１０】[0010]
実施例１．以下、本発明を図に基づいて説明する。図１
はこの実施例による投射型表示装置の構成図である。図
において、１は光源、９、１０は光源１を構成する反射
鏡及びランプ、２は光源１から出射する照明光束、３は
ポリマー分散型液晶ライトバルブ、５は集光レンズ、４
は表示画像を拡大投影する投射レンズ、７はスクリー
ン、１１は不要光を取り除く開口径可変式絞り、１２は
表示画像信号平均輝度検出手段、１３は表示画像信号平
均輝度検出手段１２の検出結果をもとに開口径可変式絞
り１１の開口径を定める開口径可変式絞り駆動手段であ
る。Example 1. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Figure 1
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a projection type display device according to this embodiment. In the figure, 1 is a light source, 9 and 10 are reflecting mirrors and lamps that constitute the light source 1, 2 is an illumination light flux emitted from the light source 1, 3 is a polymer dispersion type liquid crystal light valve, 5 is a condenser lens, 4
Is a projection lens for enlarging and projecting a display image, 7 is a screen, 11 is a variable aperture diaphragm for removing unnecessary light, 12 is a display image signal average brightness detecting means, 13 is a detection result of the display image signal average brightness detecting means 12. It is an aperture-diameter variable-type aperture driving means that determines the aperture diameter of the aperture-diameter variable aperture 11.
【００１１】次に動作について説明するが、従来例と共
通する部分は簡略的に述べることとする。光源１はライ
トバルブ３に平行光束である照明光束２を照射する。ラ
イトバルブ３の面上には画像が表示され、画像の濃淡に
応じて面内に入射した光束が透過または散乱する。ライ
トバルブ３の表示面を垂直に出射した光束（実線）は集
光レンズ５で開口径可変式絞り１１上に集光され、開口
径可変式絞り１１を通過した後に投射レンズ４に入射す
る。ライトバルブ３で散乱し、集光レンズ５を通過した
光束８（破線）は、開口径可変式絞り１１により遮断さ
れ、投射レンズ４に到達しない。即ち、開口径可変式絞
り１１は不要光（散乱光）を遮断し、ライトバルブ３か
らほぼ垂直に出射する光束のみを選択的に投射レンズ４
に送り込むことにより、コントラストを向上させる働き
をする。投射レンズ４を透過した光束は、スクリーン７
上に拡大投影され鑑賞に供される。Next, the operation will be described. The parts common to the conventional example will be briefly described. The light source 1 irradiates the light valve 3 with an illumination light flux 2 which is a parallel light flux. An image is displayed on the surface of the light valve 3, and the light flux incident on the surface is transmitted or scattered depending on the density of the image. A light beam (solid line) vertically emitted from the display surface of the light valve 3 is condensed on the variable aperture diaphragm 11 by the condenser lens 5, passes through the variable aperture diaphragm 11, and then enters the projection lens 4. The light beam 8 (broken line) scattered by the light valve 3 and passing through the condenser lens 5 is blocked by the variable aperture diaphragm 11, and does not reach the projection lens 4. That is, the variable aperture diaphragm 11 blocks unnecessary light (scattered light) and selectively projects only the light flux emitted from the light valve 3 substantially vertically.
It works by increasing the contrast. The light flux that has passed through the projection lens 4 is screen 7
It is magnified and projected on the screen for viewing.
【００１２】ここで、開口径可変式絞り１１としては例
えば図２に示すようなカメラレンズなどでよく使用され
ている絞り羽根式のものを想定する。図において、
（ａ）、（ｂ）、（ｃ）は開口径の変化を示している。
一般に、カメラレンズでは鏡筒外側のリングを回すこと
でこの絞り羽根をコントロールし、開口径を変化させて
いる。本実施例における開口径可変式絞り１１もこれと
同様のリング状回転機構を想定しており、段階的、若し
くは連続的（無段階）に開口径を確定するものとする。
従って、開口径可変式絞り駆動手段１３はこの様な絞り
羽根の開口状態を変化させるような回転機構を動かすモ
ーター類が当てはまる。Here, as the aperture diameter variable type diaphragm 11, for example, a diaphragm blade type which is often used in a camera lens as shown in FIG. 2 is assumed. In the figure,
(A), (b) and (c) show changes in the opening diameter.
Generally, in a camera lens, this aperture blade is controlled by rotating a ring on the outside of the lens barrel to change the aperture diameter. The aperture-diameter variable-type diaphragm 11 in the present embodiment is also assumed to have a similar ring-shaped rotating mechanism, and the aperture diameter is determined stepwise or continuously (steplessly).
Therefore, the aperture diameter variable aperture drive means 13 is applicable to motors that move the rotating mechanism to change the aperture state of such aperture blades.
【００１３】また、表示画像信号平均輝度検出手段１２
としては、例えば、表示画像信号のフレーム平均輝度を
求め、これに対応して予め適した開口径値を設定してお
き、その検出結果に対応して開口径可変式絞り駆動手段
１３を制御する信号を出力し、表示画像に対応して最適
な輝度とコントラストを得られる開口径を設定するもの
である。Further, the display image signal average luminance detecting means 12
For example, the frame average luminance of the display image signal is obtained, a suitable aperture diameter value is set in advance corresponding to this, and the aperture diameter variable diaphragm drive means 13 is controlled according to the detection result. A signal is output to set an aperture diameter that can obtain optimum brightness and contrast according to a display image.
【００１４】実施例２．本発明の第２の実施例を図３及
び図４、図５を用いて説明する。図３において、開口径
可変式ＧＨモードポリマー分散型液晶絞り１４及び開口
径可変式絞り駆動手段１５の構成と機能を除いて、他の
構成及び機能は第１の実施例と全く同様なので説明を省
略する。本実施例における開口径可変式ＧＨモードポリ
マー分散型液晶絞り１４としては、例えば図４に示す様
な構造のものを想定している。同図に示す様に、同心円
状電極が形成されており、各々をセグメント駆動をする
ものである。同図（ｂ）は同図（ａ）におけるＡ−Ａ’
断面を示しており、１４ａはセグメント電極、１４ｂは
コモン電極、１４ｃは遮光層、１４ｄはＧＨモードポリ
マー分散型液晶、１４ｅはガラス板である。尚、セグメ
ント電極１４ａ及びコモン電極１４ｂには透明電極を使
用する。Example 2. A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3, 4, and 5. In FIG. 3, except for the configurations and functions of the aperture diameter variable type GH mode polymer dispersion type liquid crystal diaphragm 14 and the aperture diameter variable type diaphragm driving means 15, the other configurations and functions are exactly the same as those of the first embodiment, and therefore description will be made. Omit it. As the aperture diameter variable type GH mode polymer dispersion type liquid crystal diaphragm 14 in the present embodiment, for example, a structure as shown in FIG. 4 is assumed. As shown in the figure, concentric electrodes are formed, and each is for segment drive. The figure (b) is AA 'in the figure (a).
A cross section is shown, 14a is a segment electrode, 14b is a common electrode, 14c is a light shielding layer, 14d is a GH mode polymer dispersion type liquid crystal, and 14e is a glass plate. Transparent electrodes are used for the segment electrodes 14a and the common electrodes 14b.
【００１５】次に図５を用いて本実施例における開口径
可変式ＧＨモードポリマー分散型液晶絞り１４の動作に
ついて説明する。図５において、（ａ）はコモン電極に
印加される電圧波形、（ｂ）はオンさせたいセグメント
電極に印加される電圧波形、（ｃ）はオフさせたいセグ
メント電極に印加される電圧波形、（ｄ）はオンされる
セグメント液晶に印加される電圧波形、（ｅ）はオフさ
れるセグメント液晶に印加される電圧波形を表わしてお
り、下段の断面図はセグメント液晶の駆動状態による光
の透過・遮断のメカニズムを説明している。同図におい
て、１４ａはセグメント電極、１４ｂはコモン電極、１
４ｄはＧＨモードポリマー分散型液晶、１４ｅはガラス
板、１４ｆ及び１４ｇはＧＨモード液晶粒、１４ｈは液
晶、１４ｉは色素、１４ｊは入射光、１４ｋは透過光、
１４ｌは散乱光を表わしている。セグメント液晶をオフ
させるときには、液晶に対して（ｅ）に示すように電圧
がかからず、液晶がランダムな状態にあるために高分子
と液晶の屈折率に差が生じ、入射光１４ｊは散乱され更
に色素１４ｉに吸収され、極めて微弱な散乱光１４ｌと
して出射される。セグメント液晶をオンさせるときに
は、液晶に対して（ｄ）に示すように電圧が印加され、
液晶及び色素が電界方向に配列し、液晶と高分子の屈折
率が一致して散乱を生じず、透過光１４ｋとして出射す
る。この様にして透過と遮断が制御され、開口径可変式
の絞りとして機能する。Next, the operation of the aperture diameter variable type GH mode polymer dispersion type liquid crystal diaphragm 14 in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 5, (a) is a voltage waveform applied to the common electrode, (b) is a voltage waveform applied to the segment electrode to be turned on, (c) is a voltage waveform applied to the segment electrode to be turned off, ( (d) shows a voltage waveform applied to the segment liquid crystal which is turned on, and (e) shows a voltage waveform applied to the segment liquid crystal which is turned off. It explains the blocking mechanism. In the figure, 14a is a segment electrode, 14b is a common electrode, 1
4d is a GH mode polymer dispersed liquid crystal, 14e is a glass plate, 14f and 14g are GH mode liquid crystal particles, 14h is a liquid crystal, 14i is a dye, 14j is incident light, 14k is transmitted light,
14l represents scattered light. When the segment liquid crystal is turned off, no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal as shown in (e), and since the liquid crystal is in a random state, there is a difference in refractive index between the polymer and the liquid crystal, and the incident light 14j is scattered. Further, it is absorbed by the dye 14i and is emitted as extremely weak scattered light 14l. When the segment liquid crystal is turned on, a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal as shown in (d),
The liquid crystal and the dye are arranged in the direction of the electric field, and the refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the polymer match each other so that scattering does not occur and the light is emitted as transmitted light 14k. In this way, transmission and blocking are controlled, and the diaphragm functions as a variable aperture type diaphragm.
【００１６】なお、図３における開口径可変式絞り駆動
手段１５は、第１の実施例で説明したように表示画像信
号平均輝度検出手段１２の出力をうけて、上記のような
駆動信号を発生して、開口径可変式ＧＨモードポリマー
分散型液晶絞り１４を駆動する。The aperture-diameter variable aperture driving means 15 in FIG. 3 receives the output of the display image signal average brightness detecting means 12 as described in the first embodiment and generates the above-mentioned driving signal. Then, the variable aperture diameter GH mode polymer dispersion type liquid crystal diaphragm 14 is driven.
【００１７】実施例３．本発明の第３の実施例を図６及
び図７、図８を用いて説明する。図６において、開口径
可変式ＧＨモードホワイトテーラー型液晶絞り１６を除
いて、他の構成及び機能は第１及び第２の実施例と同様
なので説明を省略する。本実施例における開口径可変式
ＧＨモードホワイトテーラー型液晶絞り１６としては、
第２の実施例と同様に図７に示すような構造のものを想
定している。同図に示すように、同心円状電極が形成さ
れており、各々をセグメント駆動をするものである。同
図（ｂ）は同図（ａ）におけるＡ−Ａ’断面を示してお
り、１６ａはセグメント電極、１６ｂはコモン電極、１
６ｃは遮光層、１６ｄはＧＨモードホワイトテーラー型
液晶、１６ｅはガラス板である。なお、セグメント電極
１６ａ及びコモン電極１６ｂには透明電極を使用する。Embodiment 3. A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 6, 7, and 8. In FIG. 6, except for the GH mode white-tailor type liquid crystal diaphragm 16 with variable aperture diameter, the other structure and function are the same as those in the first and second embodiments, and the description thereof will be omitted. The GH mode white-tailor type liquid crystal diaphragm 16 with variable aperture diameter in this embodiment is as follows.
Similar to the second embodiment, the structure shown in FIG. 7 is assumed. As shown in the figure, concentric electrodes are formed, and each is for segment drive. The figure (b) has shown the AA 'cross section in the figure (a), 16a is a segment electrode, 16b is a common electrode, 1
6c is a light shielding layer, 16d is a GH mode white Taylor type liquid crystal, and 16e is a glass plate. Transparent electrodes are used for the segment electrodes 16a and the common electrodes 16b.
【００１８】次に図８を用いて本実施例における開口径
可変式ＧＨモードホワイトテーラー型液晶絞り１６の動
作について説明する。図８において、（ａ）はコモン電
極に印加される電圧波形、（ｂ）はオンさせたいセグメ
ント電極に印加される電圧波形、（ｃ）はオフさせたい
セグメント電極に印加される電圧波形、（ｄ）はオンさ
れるセグメント液晶に印加される電圧波形、（ｅ）はオ
フされるセグメント液晶に印加される電圧波形を表わし
ており、下段の断面図はセグメント液晶の駆動状態によ
る光の透過・遮断のメカニズムを説明している。同図に
おいて、１６ａはセグメント電極、１６ｂはコモン電
極、１６ｄはＧＨモードホワイトテーラー型液晶、１６
ｅはガラス板、１６ｆは液晶、１６ｇは色素、１６ｈは
入射光、１６ｉは透過光（オン）、１６ｊは透過光（オ
フ）を表わしている。セグメント液晶をオフさせるとき
には、液晶に対して（ｅ）に示すように電圧がかから
ず、液晶１６ｆはその配向方向を入射側から出射側に向
かって回転し、２π［ｒａｄ］捻れた構造となる。この
状態では、あらゆる偏向方向をもつ光は液晶１６ｆを通
過するうちに、それぞれ液晶１６ｆの配向方向と一致す
る段階で液晶１６ｆの捻れ構造に取り込まれて偏向方向
を回転させながら進行し、その途中で色素１６ｇに吸収
され、極めて微弱な透過光（オフ）１６ｊとして出射さ
れる。セグメント液晶をオンさせるときには、液晶に対
して（ｄ）に示すように電圧が印加され、液晶及び色素
が電界方向に配列し、入射光１６ｈはＧＨモードホワイ
トテーラー型液晶１６ｄの影響を受けず、透過光１６ｉ
として出射する。この様にして透過と遮断が制御され、
開口径可変式の絞りとして機能する。Next, the operation of the aperture diameter variable type GH mode white Taylor type liquid crystal diaphragm 16 in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 8, (a) is a voltage waveform applied to the common electrode, (b) is a voltage waveform applied to the segment electrode to be turned on, (c) is a voltage waveform applied to the segment electrode to be turned off, ( (d) shows a voltage waveform applied to the segment liquid crystal which is turned on, and (e) shows a voltage waveform applied to the segment liquid crystal which is turned off. It explains the blocking mechanism. In the figure, 16a is a segment electrode, 16b is a common electrode, 16d is a GH mode white Taylor type liquid crystal,
e is a glass plate, 16f is a liquid crystal, 16g is a pigment, 16h is incident light, 16i is transmitted light (on), and 16j is transmitted light (off). When the segment liquid crystal is turned off, no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal as shown in (e), and the liquid crystal 16f rotates its alignment direction from the incident side to the emission side and has a structure twisted by 2π [rad]. Become. In this state, while light having any deflection direction passes through the liquid crystal 16f, it is taken in by the twist structure of the liquid crystal 16f at a stage where it coincides with the alignment direction of the liquid crystal 16f and proceeds while rotating the deflection direction. Is absorbed by the dye 16g, and emitted as extremely weak transmitted light (off) 16j. When the segment liquid crystal is turned on, a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal as shown in (d), the liquid crystal and the dye are aligned in the electric field direction, and the incident light 16h is not affected by the GH mode white Taylor type liquid crystal 16d, Transmitted light 16i
Is emitted as. In this way transmission and blocking are controlled,
Functions as a variable aperture diaphragm.
【００１９】実施例４ 本発明の第４の実施例を図１３を用いて説明する。図９
はこの実施例による投射型表示装置の構成を示してい
る。同図中、周囲環境照度検出手段１７以外は第１の実
施例で使用した図１の構成要素と同じなので説明を省略
する。一般に、投射画像のコントラストは投射光と周囲
環境光による被りで決まり、周囲環境照度の高まりによ
ってコントラストは急激に低下する。そこで周囲環境照
度及び表示画像信号輝度に対応してその条件下で最適な
表示画像を得られる絞り開口径を予め設定しておき、周
囲環境照度検出手段１７により周囲環境の照度を検出
し、上記表示画像信号輝度検出手段１２の検出結果とあ
わせて、最適な表示画像を得られる絞り開口径を得るも
のである。即ち、本投射型表示装置の表示能力範囲内で
周囲環境照度及び表示画像信号輝度に対応して最適な輝
度とコントラストを得ようとするものである。Fourth Embodiment A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Figure 9
Shows the structure of the projection type display device according to this embodiment. In the figure, the elements other than the ambient illuminance detecting means 17 are the same as the constituent elements of FIG. 1 used in the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted. In general, the contrast of the projected image is determined by the projection light and the ambient light, and the contrast sharply decreases as the ambient illuminance increases. Therefore, a diaphragm aperture diameter capable of obtaining an optimum display image under the conditions is set in advance corresponding to the ambient environment illuminance and the display image signal brightness, and the ambient environment illuminance detecting means 17 detects the illuminance of the ambient environment, Together with the detection result of the display image signal brightness detection means 12, the aperture diameter for obtaining the optimum display image is obtained. That is, it is intended to obtain the optimum brightness and contrast in accordance with the ambient illuminance and the display image signal brightness within the display capability range of the present projection display device.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】以上に詳述したように、本発明による投
射型表示装置は、表示画像信号の平均輝度レベル或は周
囲環境の照度を検出し、その時の条件で最も良好な表示
画像を得られる輝度及びコントラストになるように絞り
の開口径を制御するよう構成したので、様々な表示画像
或は周囲環境に対応して最も良好な表示が可能となる。As described in detail above, the projection display apparatus according to the present invention detects the average brightness level of the display image signal or the illuminance of the surrounding environment, and obtains the best display image under the conditions at that time. Since the aperture diameter of the diaphragm is controlled so as to obtain the desired brightness and contrast, the best display is possible in response to various display images or the surrounding environment.
【図１】本発明の実施例１における投射型表示装置を示
す構成図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a projection type display device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の実施例１に使用される開口径可変式絞
りの説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an aperture diameter variable diaphragm used in Example 1 of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の実施例２における投射型表示装置を示
す構成図である。FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a projection type display device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の実施例２に使用される開口径可変式Ｇ
Ｈモードポリマー分散型液晶絞りの構造を示す図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a variable aperture diameter type G used in the second embodiment of the present invention.
It is a figure which shows the structure of an H mode polymer dispersion type liquid crystal diaphragm.
【図５】本発明の実施例２に使用される開口径可変式Ｇ
Ｈモードポリマー分散型液晶絞りの動作説明図である。FIG. 5 is a variable aperture diameter type G used in the second embodiment of the present invention.
It is an operation explanatory view of an H mode polymer dispersion type liquid crystal diaphragm.
【図６】本発明の実施例３における投射型表示装置を示
す構成図である。FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a projection type display device in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
【図７】本発明の実施例３に使用される開口径可変式Ｇ
Ｈモードホワイトテーラー型液晶絞りの構造を示す図で
ある。FIG. 7 is a variable aperture diameter type G used in the third embodiment of the present invention.
It is a figure which shows the structure of a H-mode white Taylor type liquid crystal diaphragm.
【図８】本発明の実施例３に使用される開口径可変式Ｇ
Ｈモードホワイトテーラー型液晶絞りの動作説明図であ
る。FIG. 8: Variable aperture diameter type G used in Example 3 of the present invention
It is an operation explanatory view of a H mode white Taylor type liquid crystal diaphragm.
【図９】本発明の実施例４における投射型表示装置を示
す構成図である。FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing a projection type display device in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
【図１０】従来の投射型表示装置の構成図である。FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a conventional projection display device.
【図１１】従来の投射型表示装置に使用されるライトバ
ルブの動作説明図である。FIG. 11 is an operation explanatory diagram of a light valve used in a conventional projection display device.
【図１２】従来の投射型表示装置に使用されるＴＦＴア
クティブマトリクス液晶パネルの説明図である。FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a TFT active matrix liquid crystal panel used in a conventional projection display device.
【図１３】従来の投射型表示装置に使用される絞りの開
口径と投射画像のコントラストの関係を示す図である。FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the aperture diameter of a diaphragm used in a conventional projection display device and the contrast of a projected image.
１ 光源 ２ 照明光束 ３ ライトバルブ ４ 投射レンズ ５ 集光レンズ ７ スクリーン ９ 反射鏡 １０ ランプ １１ 開口径可変式絞り １２ 表示画像信号平均輝度検出手段 １３ 開口径可変式絞り駆動手段 1 Light Source 2 Illumination Luminous Flux 3 Light Valve 4 Projection Lens 5 Condensing Lens 7 Screen 9 Reflector 10 Lamp 11 Aperture Diameter Adjustable Aperture 12 Display Image Signal Average Brightness Detection Means 13 Aperture Diameter Adjustable Aperture Driving Means
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───
【手続補正書】[Procedure amendment]
【提出日】平成４年５月２１日[Submission date] May 21, 1992
【手続補正１】[Procedure Amendment 1]
【補正対象書類名】明細書[Document name to be amended] Statement
【補正対象項目名】０００６[Correction target item name] 0006
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】従来の投射型表示装置
は、以上のように構成されており、一般には投射レンズ
４直前の絞り６の開口径と投射画像のコントラストの関
係は図１３に示すような関係にあり、また光源１からの
光が完全な平行光でないため、絞り６を通過する段階で
ある一定の広がりをもつので、絞り６の開口径が小さく
なるにつれて投射画像の輝度が低下する傾向にある。コ
ントラストを大きくするためには投射レンズ４直前の絞
り６の開口径を小さくする必要があるが、そうすると透
過光の一部もケラレてしまい、最大輝度が低くなってし
まうという欠点があった。従って、一般にはある程度輝
度を確保出来る開口径で固定して使用されているため、
表示画像により、例えば星空等を表示した様な場合に黒
浮きが目立ち、著しく画質が劣化してしまうといった問
題点があった。The conventional projection type display device is configured as described above, and generally the relationship between the aperture diameter of the diaphragm 6 immediately before the projection lens 4 and the contrast of the projected image is shown in FIG. Since the light from the light source 1 is not a perfect parallel light, it has a certain spread at the stage of passing through the diaphragm 6. Therefore, the brightness of the projected image decreases as the aperture diameter of the diaphragm 6 decreases. Tend to do. In order to increase the contrast, it is necessary to reduce the aperture diameter of the diaphragm 6 immediately in front of the projection lens 4, but if this is done, a part of the transmitted light will be vignetted, and the maximum brightness will be reduced. Therefore, in general, it is used by fixing it with an opening diameter that can secure brightness to some extent,
The display image, for example, noticeable black float when like viewing the starry sky or the like, there has been a remarkable image quality is degraded or Utoitta problems.
【手続補正２】[Procedure Amendment 2]
【補正対象書類名】図面[Document name to be corrected] Drawing
【補正対象項目名】図４[Name of item to be corrected] Fig. 4
【補正方法】変更[Correction method] Change
【補正内容】[Correction content]
【図４】 [Figure 4]
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.5 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 // Ｈ０４Ｎ 9/31 Ｃ 8943−5Ｃ ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 5 Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location // H04N 9/31 C 8943-5C
Claims (4)
トバルブに形成された画像を拡大投影する投射レンズ
と、該ライトバルブを照明する略平行光束を出射する光
源手段、該ライトバルブの画像表示面から法線方向に出
射する光束を一点に集光する集光レンズ、該集光レンズ
の集光点において該ライトバルブから略法線方向に透過
する光束のみを選択的に前記投射レンズに入射させる絞
り手段を備えたことを特徴とする投射型表示装置におい
て、表示画像信号の平均輝度レベルを検出する手段、及
び前記絞り手段の開口径を駆動する手段を備え、該検出
結果をもとに該絞り手段の開口径を機械的に変化させる
ことを特徴とする投射型表示装置。1. A light valve for forming an image, a projection lens for enlarging and projecting an image formed on the light valve, a light source means for emitting a substantially parallel light beam for illuminating the light valve, and an image display of the light valve. Condensing lens that condenses a light beam emitted from the surface in the normal direction at one point, and only the light beam that is transmitted from the light valve in the substantially normal direction at the condensing point of the condensing lens is selectively incident on the projection lens. A projection type display device characterized by comprising aperture means for controlling the average brightness level of a display image signal, and means for driving the aperture diameter of the aperture means, and based on the detection result. A projection display device characterized in that the aperture diameter of the diaphragm means is mechanically changed.
ゲスト・ホストモードポリマー分散型液晶で構成したこ
とを特徴とする請求項第１項記載の投射型表示装置。2. The projection type display device according to claim 1, wherein a range in which the aperture diameter of the diaphragm means is variable is constituted by a guest / host mode polymer dispersion type liquid crystal.
ゲスト・ホストモードホワイトテーラー型液晶で構成し
たことを特徴とする請求項第１項記載の投射型表示装
置。3. The projection type display device according to claim 1, wherein the range in which the aperture diameter of the diaphragm means is variable is constituted by a guest / host mode white Taylor type liquid crystal.
出し、前記表示画像信号の輝度レベル検出結果とあわ
せ、これらの結果をもとに前記絞り手段の開口径を変化
させるようにした請求項第１項乃至第３項記載の投射型
表示装置。4. The environment illuminance of the projection type display device is detected and combined with the brightness level detection result of the display image signal, and the aperture diameter of the diaphragm means is changed based on these results. The projection type display device according to any one of items 1 to 3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4006307A JP3019574B2 (en) | 1992-01-17 | 1992-01-17 | Projection display device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4006307A JP3019574B2 (en) | 1992-01-17 | 1992-01-17 | Projection display device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05188345A true JPH05188345A (en) | 1993-07-30 |
| JP3019574B2 JP3019574B2 (en) | 2000-03-13 |
Family
ID=11634719
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4006307A Expired - Fee Related JP3019574B2 (en) | 1992-01-17 | 1992-01-17 | Projection display device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3019574B2 (en) |
Cited By (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5519518A (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1996-05-21 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Display apparatus with a variable aperture stop means on each side of the modulator |
| US5597223A (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1997-01-28 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Display apparatus |
| US5622418A (en) * | 1994-03-29 | 1997-04-22 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabuskiki Kaisha | Projection display device |
| WO2001019092A1 (en) * | 1999-09-02 | 2001-03-15 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method of and device for generating an image having a desired brightness |
| JP2002107662A (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2002-04-10 | Canon Inc | Projection type image display device |
| WO2002089106A1 (en) * | 2001-04-25 | 2002-11-07 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Video display apparatus and video display method |
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1992
- 1992-01-17 JP JP4006307A patent/JP3019574B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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