JPH05133443A - Gear train structure of transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform a down-shift, jumping down to three or second gear speed from the uppermost fifth gear speed, and the reverse up-shift with few pieces of clutches in a short time. CONSTITUTION:A first shift gear 10 and a third shift gear 11 are selected by a 1-3 selecting dog clutch 20, and the power transmission is carried out by a low clutch 21. In addition, a second shift gear 15 and a fourth shift gear 16 are selected by a 2-4 selecting dog clutch 25, the power transmission is carried out by a high clutch 26. In this gear train structure with the above constitution, an exclusive fifth clutch 36 is set up in a first shift gear 35. With this constitution, when jumping down to, for example, the third gear speed from the fifth gear speed, the fifth clutch 36 is opened while the low clutch 21 is clamped, thus this jumping shift is quickly achievable in a short time. Moreover, the number of clutches to be added is limited to only one.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gear train structure of a transmission, and more particularly to an improvement of a gear train structure having a dog clutch.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a gear train structure for a transmission of this type, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-225244, a transmission having four speed stages has a first gear. The third speed gear is selected by a dog clutch, the second speed gear and the fourth speed gear are selected by another dog clutch, and the transmission gears selected by the dog clutches are connected to the power transmission path. It is known that an individual connecting / disconnecting clutch is provided and each of the connecting / disconnecting clutches is provided with a one-way clutch. In such a gear train structure, the first speed gear is selected by the dog clutch, and one of the connecting / disconnecting clutches corresponding thereto is connected to start. In this case, the other dog clutch selects the second speed gear and the other connecting / disconnecting clutch is released. Then, at the time of subsequent upshifting, the other connecting / disconnecting clutch is connected to shift to the second speed. At that time, the one-way clutch of the connecting / disconnecting clutch that was in the connected state at the first speed gradually idles in accordance with the formation of the gear at the second speed, so that a smooth gear shift is performed.

Another gear train structure for a transmission is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-175341. This gear has five shift stages and is provided with an on / off clutch for each shift gear to shift gears.

[0004]

By the way, in the latter gear train structure, the number of the connecting / disconnecting clutches is large, and this becomes a rotational resistance, and the driving loss of the engine increases. Therefore, from this point of view, it is desirable to adopt the former gear train structure in which the number of connecting / disconnecting clutches is small.

However, in this case, when the number of gears is set to 5 and the fifth speed gear is provided, a dog clutch dedicated to the fifth speed gear is separately provided and the fifth speed gear is provided by the dedicated dog clutch. When the power transmission path for the fifth speed is formed by selecting one of the two on-off clutches while selecting it, the following disappointment occurs. That is, for example, when arranging the fifth speed gear on the same axis as the first speed gear and the third speed gear, the connecting / disconnecting clutches for the first speed and the third speed are engaged to establish the power transmission path of the fifth speed. In the configuration, when it is requested to shift the shift speed to the third speed by skipping the fourth speed when traveling at the fifth speed, the first and third speeds that are engaged are disconnected. The contact clutch is released, then the fifth speed gear and the dog clutch dedicated to the gear are disconnected, and the third speed is selected by the dog clutch for selecting the first speed to the third speed, and then the first speed and It is necessary to operate and connect the third speed connecting / disconnecting clutch, so that there is a problem that it takes time to shift down from the highest gear to a predetermined gear. In particular, a downshift that jumps over such a shift stage is a shift that is relatively frequently requested, for example, when the driver greatly depresses the accelerator pedal to kick down while traveling on a highway, and the shift is short. Therefore, quick shifts are required, and measures against shift delays are strongly required.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to reduce the number of connecting / disconnecting clutches in a gear train structure for performing a shift using a plurality of dog clutches and a connecting / disconnecting clutch with a one-way clutch as described above. The purpose is to quickly perform a down shift in which a predetermined number of gears is jumped over from a highest gear or an up shift in which a predetermined gear is jumped to a highest gear in a short time.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention employs a structure in which a dedicated connecting / disconnecting clutch is used when connecting the highest speed gear to the power transmission path.

That is, the solution means of the present invention is, as described above, a plurality of speed change gears, a plurality of dog clutches for selecting these speed change gears, and a one-way connecting the speed change gears selected by the dog clutches to the power transmission path. A gear train structure of a transmission that includes a plurality of connecting / disconnecting clutches with clutches to perform a gear shift. In addition to the plurality of one-way clutch-equipped disconnecting / connecting clutches, a disconnecting / connecting clutch that connects the highest gear among the plurality of transmission gears to the power transmission path is provided.

[0009]

With the above structure, in the present invention, for example, a case will be described in which the fifth gear, which is the highest gear, is skipped from the fourth gear, and the down gear shift is performed to the third gear. With the 3rd speed shift gear selected by the dog clutch, the corresponding on-way clutch with a one-way clutch is connected, and at the same time, the disconnecting clutch dedicated to the highest gear is opened to allow downshifting to the 3rd speed gear. Done.

Here, the downshift that skips the fourth gear is performed by the simultaneous operation of the opening and closing clutches for the highest gear and the corresponding engaging and disconnecting clutches. Compared with the case where three operations of disengagement of the on-coming clutch, selection operation of the dog clutch, and engagement of the on-off clutch are sequentially performed in time, the speed change operation is performed quickly in a short time. Moreover, since the separately provided element is the connecting / disconnecting clutch, the gear train structure can be configured with a small number of connecting / disconnecting clutches.

[0011]

As described above, according to the gear train structure of the transmission of the present invention, in addition to the plurality of dog clutches and the connecting / disconnecting clutch with the one-way clutch, which are basically provided, the connecting / disconnecting gear dedicated to the highest speed transmission gear is also provided. With only one additional clutch, it is possible to quickly perform downshifts and upshifts that jump from the highest gear to a higher gear, so it is possible to improve the drivability of the vehicle with a small number of on-off clutches. ..

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 to 3 show a gear train structure of a transmission having five forward stages. In each of the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes an engine vertically arranged in an engine room, and its output shaft 1a is positioned in the vehicle width direction. 2 is a torque converter connected to the end of the output shaft 1a of the engine 1,
Reference numeral 3 denotes a parallel three-shaft transmission mechanism connected to the converter output shaft 2a at a position further to the side of the torque converter 2.
Is a drive shaft of a front wheel that is arranged behind the engine 1 and extends in the vehicle width direction.

The speed change mechanism 3 includes an input shaft 7 that extends in a straight line following the output shaft 2a of the torque converter 2, a counter shaft 8 disposed diagonally above and above the input shaft 7, and a rear side of the input shaft 7. And an output shaft 9 arranged at. A drive gear 10a for the first speed, a drive gear 11a for the third speed, and a reverse drive gear 12a are integrally formed on the input shaft 7, and a driven gear 10b for the first speed is formed on the counter shaft 8. The driven gear 11b for the third speed and the reverse driven gear 12b are rotatably arranged. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a reverse idle gear 12c is arranged on the support shaft 13 arranged obliquely below and in front of the input shaft 7. With the above-described configuration, the transmission gear 10 for the first speed and the transmission gear 1 for the third speed
1 and the reverse gear 12 are configured.

A driven gear 15a for the second speed and a driven gear 16a for the fourth speed are rotatably arranged on the output shaft 9, and the drive gear 10a and the first gear for the first speed are arranged. The drive gear 11a for the third speed is commonly used as the drive gear for the second speed and the drive gear for the fourth speed.
And a transmission gear 16 for the fourth speed.

On the counter shaft 8, 1-3 dog dog clutches 20 for selecting these gears are arranged between the driven gears 10b and 11b for the first speed and the third speed. Between the dog clutch 20 and the counter shaft 8, to connect the first speed or the third speed transmission gears 10 and 11 selected by the 1-3 selection dog clutch 20 to the counter shaft 8 as a power transmission path. A low clutch 21 in which a one-way clutch 21a as a connecting / disconnecting clutch is arranged in series, and a low coast clutch 22 for engine braking which is positioned in parallel with the low clutch 21 are arranged. In addition, the reverse driven gear 12b shown in FIG.
A reverse dog clutch 23 for selecting the driven gear 12b is disposed on the left side.

On the other hand, on the output shaft 9, a 2-4 selection dog clutch 25 for selecting these gears is arranged between the driven gears 15a and 16a for the second speed and the fourth speed. Between the dog clutch 25 and the output shaft 9, the 2-
A one-way clutch 26a as another connecting / disconnecting clutch for connecting the second speed or the fourth speed transmission gears 15 and 16 selected by the 4 selection dog clutch 25 to the output shaft 9 as a power transmission path is arranged in series. High clutch 2
6 and a high coast clutch 27 for engine braking, which is located in parallel with the high clutch 26.

A low-speed reduction drive gear 28 is arranged on the counter shaft 7, and a support shaft 29 provided with a low-speed reduction idle gear 30 is arranged diagonally above the counter shaft 8 as shown in FIG. Further, a low speed reduction driven gear 31 is arranged on the output shaft 9, and the rotation of the counter shaft 8 is transmitted to the output shaft 9 by these low speed reduction gears 28, 30, 31.

The input shaft 7 is provided with a drive gear 35a for the fifth speed at the left end of FIG. 1, and the output shaft 9 is a driven gear for the fifth speed which meshes with the drive gear 35a. 35b is rotatably arranged and both gears 35
The fifth and fifth shift gears 35 are constituted by a and 35b. A fifth speed clutch 36 is arranged between the driven gear 35b for the fifth speed of the highest stage and the output shaft 9 as an independent connecting / disconnecting clutch for connecting / disconnecting the two 35b and 9 to each other.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 40 denotes a differential arranged on the drive shaft 4 of the front wheels.
The final gear 40a meshes with the output gear 41 arranged at the right end in FIG. 1 of the output shaft 9 of the transmission mechanism 3.

The operating states of the dog clutches and the connecting / disconnecting clutches at the respective shift speeds of the speed change mechanism 3 are shown in the following table.

[0022]

[Table 1]

Therefore, in the above embodiment, when the vehicle starts, the 1-3 selection dog clutch 20 is selectively engaged with the first speed driven gear 10b and the low clutch 21 is engaged. As a result, engine 1
Is transmitted to the input shaft 7 of the speed change mechanism 3 via the torque converter 2, and then the first speed transmission gear 10, the counter shaft 8, the low speed reduction gears 28, 30, 31, the output shaft 9, and the output gear 41. , And is transmitted from the drive shaft 4 of the front wheels to the front wheels via the differential 40. Then, in the first speed, the 2-4 dog clutch 25 is set to the second
The gears are selectively meshed with the high speed driven gear 15a to prepare for upshifting.

After that, the high clutch 26 is engaged during the second speed shift. As a result, after the power is transmitted from the second speed drive gear 10a to the second speed driven gear 15a,
2-4 High dog clutch 26 through dog clutch 25 for selection
Is further transmitted to the front wheels via the output shaft 9.
At this time, even if the low clutch 21 is in the engaged state, the second clutch
When the rotation of the counter shaft 8 becomes faster than the rotation of the driven gear 10b for the first speed due to the formation of the speed, the one-way clutch 21a starts idling, so that the switching to the power transmission path to the second speed is smooth with little shock. To be done. Then, in this second speed state, the low clutch 21 is released at an appropriate time, and in this state, the 1-3 selection dog clutch 20 separates from the first speed driven gear 10b and is selected as the third speed driven gear 11b. Mesh.

Thereafter, similarly, the up-shifting proceeds and the fourth
When in the high speed state, the 2-4 dog clutch 25 meshes with the driven gear 16a of the fourth speed and the high clutch 35a is in the engaged state. Then, when shifting from this state to the fifth speed, the fifth speed clutch 36 is engaged. As a result, the power is transmitted from the fifth speed clutch 36 through the fifth speed gear 35 to the output shaft 9 and then to the front wheels. In this fifth speed, the 1-3 selection dog clutch 20
Is selectively meshed with the driven gear 11a of the third speed, and the 2-4 selection dog clutch 25 is selectively meshed with the driven gear 16a of the fourth speed.

If a downshift to the third speed is requested in the fifth speed state, the fifth speed clutch 36 is immediately released and the low clutch 20 is engaged. As a result, the power transmission path passing through the fifth speed transmission gear 35 is opened, a power transmission path passing through the third speed transmission gear 10 is formed, and the rotation of the counter shaft 8 becomes the first speed driven gear 10b. Since the one-way clutch 21a of the low clutch 21 is locked at a time later than the rotation, power is transmitted at this time through the third speed transmission gear 11. Since the downshift to the third speed is performed by the simultaneous operation of the disengagement operation of the fifth speed clutch 36 and the engagement operation of the low clutch 21, the downshift is completed in a short time. Moreover, since only the fifth speed clutch 36 is additionally installed, a short downshift can be realized with a small number of clutches.

During downshifting from the 5th speed to the 2nd speed, the 2-4 selection dog clutch 25 selects the 4th speed driven gear 16a, so that the 2nd speed driven gear 15 is selected.
After switching to a, the fifth speed clutch 36 is released and the high clutch 26 is engaged. However, 2-4
Since the operation of the selection dog clutch 25 is fast, the shift can be completed at substantially the same speed as the downshift to the third speed.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment applied to a front-wheel drive vehicle. In the above embodiment, the second shaft is provided between the input shaft 7 and the output shaft 9.
Instead of providing the speed changing gear 15 and the fourth speed changing gear 16, these speed changing gears 15 and 16 are arranged between the counter shaft 8 and the output shaft 9 and the input shaft 7 is provided. A drive gear 35a for the fifth speed and a fifth speed clutch 36 are arranged,
A fifth-speed driven gear 35b is fixedly connected to the counter shaft 8. Since other configurations are similar to those of the above-described embodiment, the same parts are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 5 shows an embodiment applied to a rear-wheel drive vehicle. In the present embodiment, the transmission mechanism 3 is a parallel biaxial type,
An input shaft 7 is arranged following the output shaft 2a of the torque converter 2, a counter shaft 8 is arranged parallel to the input shaft 7 and an output shaft 9 is arranged following the input shaft 7, and the counter shaft 8 and the output shaft 7 are arranged. 9, an output gear 45 and an input gear 46 for power transmission are arranged between the output gear 45 and the input gear 9. Also, the input shaft 7 and the counter shaft 8
Between the first and the fifth speed change gears 10, 11,
15, 16 and 35 are arranged, and the low clutch 2 is provided on the input shaft 7.
1, a high clutch 26 and a fifth speed clutch 36 are arranged. The fifth speed clutch 36 is also used as a clutch for connecting the reverse drive gear 12a to the input shaft 7. Therefore, the reverse dog clutch 23 selecting the reverse driven gear 12b selects the fifth speed driven gear 35b. It is also used as a dog clutch. Since other configurations are the same as those in FIG. 1, the same members are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.

Further, FIG. 6 shows another embodiment applied to a rear-wheel drive vehicle. In the present embodiment, in the parallel two-shaft transmission mechanism 3, the transmission gear 10 from the first speed to the fifth speed is provided between the output shaft 9 following the input shaft 7 and the counter shaft 8 arranged in parallel therewith. , 11, 15, 16, and 35 are arranged, and the low clutch 21, the high clutch 26, the fifth speed clutch 36, and the two dog clutches 20 and 25 are all arranged on the counter shaft 8. Since other configurations are the same as those in FIG. 1, the same members are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.

As described above, in each of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, since the fifth gear clutch 36 dedicated to the fifth speed gear 35 of the highest stage is provided, the fifth to third gears are provided. It is possible to quickly perform an interlaced shift to the second speed or the second speed in a short time.

In the above description, the highest gear is the fifth gear, but it is of course possible to use a higher gear such as the sixth gear.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a skeleton diagram applied to a gear train structure of a front-wheel drive vehicle.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a specific configuration of the gear train structure.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a positional relationship of arrangement of devices when viewed from the side of the vehicle body.

FIG. 4 is a skeleton diagram applied to another gear train structure of a front-wheel drive vehicle.

FIG. 5 is a skeleton diagram applied to a gear train structure of a rear-wheel drive vehicle.

FIG. 6 is a skeleton diagram applied to another gear train structure of a rear-wheel drive vehicle.

[Explanation of symbols]

3 speed change mechanism 10 first speed shift gear 11 third speed shift gear 15 second speed shift gear 16 fourth speed shift gear 35 fifth speed shift gear 20 1-3 selection dog clutch 21 low clutch (one-way clutch 21a one-way clutch 25 2-4 dog clutch for selection 26 high clutch (intermittent clutch with other one-way clutch) 26a one-way clutch 36 fifth speed clutch (disconnect clutch)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of speed change gears, a plurality of dog clutches for selecting these speed change gears, and a plurality of connecting / disconnecting clutches with a one-way clutch for connecting the speed change gears selected by the dog clutches to a power transmission path. A gear train structure of a transmission that shifts gears, wherein, in addition to the plurality of one-way clutch-equipped connection / disconnection clutches, there is a connection / disconnection clutch that connects a highest speed transmission gear among the plurality of transmission gears to a power transmission path. The gear train structure of the transmission characterized in that