JPH05111183A - Charging circuit - Google Patents
Charging circuitInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05111183A JPH05111183A JP3264491A JP26449191A JPH05111183A JP H05111183 A JPH05111183 A JP H05111183A JP 3264491 A JP3264491 A JP 3264491A JP 26449191 A JP26449191 A JP 26449191A JP H05111183 A JPH05111183 A JP H05111183A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- secondary battery
- voltage
- power supply
- transistor
- charging
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910005580 NiCd Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、ニッケルカドニウム電
池（以下ニッカド電池と略称する。）等の二次電池の充
電回路に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a charging circuit for a secondary battery such as a nickel-cadmium battery (hereinafter abbreviated as NiCd battery).
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、電子技術の発達に伴い、商用電源
の他に電池を電源とするポータブルの装置が多くなって
きている。また、電池も充電可能なものが使用されるよ
うになり、充電を安定に行うための充電回路が必要であ
る。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, along with the development of electronic technology, there are increasing numbers of portable devices that use a battery as a power source in addition to a commercial power source. In addition, rechargeable batteries have come to be used, and a charging circuit for stable charging is required.
【０００３】図２に従来の充電回路の回路図を示す。図
２において１は電源、２は電流制限抵抗、３は整流素
子、４は充電電流を流すことにより充電可能な二次電池
であり、電源１は充電電流Ｉｃｈａｒｇｅの供給源とな
り、電流制限抵抗２で二次電池４の充電に必要な充電電
流Ｉｃｈａｒｇｅを流すようにする。整流素子３は二次
電池４から電源１の方向へ流れる逆電流Ｉｂａｔを防止
するものである。FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram of a conventional charging circuit. In FIG. 2, 1 is a power source, 2 is a current limiting resistor, 3 is a rectifying element, 4 is a secondary battery that can be charged by flowing a charging current, and the power source 1 serves as a supply source of the charging current Icharge, and the current limiting resistor 2 Then, the charging current Icharge necessary for charging the secondary battery 4 is made to flow. The rectifying element 3 prevents a reverse current Ibat flowing from the secondary battery 4 toward the power source 1.
【０００４】以下に、充電動作について図２を用いて説
明する。ここで電源１の電圧をＶｃｃ、二次電池４の電
圧をＶｂａｔとすると、Ｖｃｃ＜Ｖｂａｔのとき電源１
から二次電池４へ充電電流Ｉｃｈａｒｇｅは流れないの
で二次電池４は充電が行われない。このとき二次電池４
から電源１方向へ流れ出す逆電流Ｉｂａｔが考えられる
が整流素子３の整流作用により流れることはない。Ｖｃ
ｃ＞Ｖｂａｔのとき電源１から二次電池４への充電電流
Ｉｃｈａｒｇｅは電流制限抵抗２の抵抗値をＲとすると
Ｉｃｈａｒｇｅ＝（Ｖｃｃ−Ｖｂａｔ）／Ｒで表され
る。したがって電源１のＶｃｃの値に比例する充電電流
Ｉｃｈａｒｇｅにより二次電池４が充電される。The charging operation will be described below with reference to FIG. When the voltage of the power supply 1 is Vcc and the voltage of the secondary battery 4 is Vbat, the power supply 1 is satisfied when Vcc <Vbat.
Since the charging current Icharge does not flow from the secondary battery 4 to the secondary battery 4, the secondary battery 4 is not charged. At this time, the secondary battery 4
Although a reverse current Ibat flowing from the power source 1 toward the power source 1 is considered, it does not flow due to the rectifying action of the rectifying element 3. Vc
When c> Vbat, the charging current Icharge from the power supply 1 to the secondary battery 4 is represented by Icharge = (Vcc-Vbat) / R, where R is the resistance value of the current limiting resistor 2. Therefore, the secondary battery 4 is charged by the charging current Icharge proportional to the value of Vcc of the power supply 1.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら上記従来
の充電回路では充電電流Ｉｃｈａｒｇｅの制御を電流制
限抵抗２のみで行っているため、充電電流Ｉｃｈａｒｇ
ｅの供給源である電源１の電圧のばらつきが少ない場合
は電流制限抵抗２の抵抗値を電源１の電圧に合わせて選
定し二次電池４を充電するのに必要な充電電流Ｉｃｈａ
ｒｇｅを流すことで二次電池４を充電することができ
る。しかし、この充電回路では電源１の電圧が安定であ
る場合は過大な充電電流Ｉｃｈａｒｇｅで二次電池４が
充電されることはないが、充電電流Ｉｃｈａｒｇｅは電
源１の電圧に対して比例関係であるため、電源１の電圧
のばらつきが大きく電源１の電圧が電流制限抵抗２を選
定したときよりも大きくなった場合、過大な充電電流Ｉ
ｃｈａｒｇｅが流れて二次電池４を充電することにな
る。このようにして過充電されると二次電池４の寿命を
短くするだけでなく、安全性においても問題である。し
たがって、二次電池４の寿命をのばし安全に充電するに
は過充電防止を考慮した充電回路が必要である。However, in the above-mentioned conventional charging circuit, the charging current Icharge is controlled only by the current limiting resistor 2, so that the charging current Icharge is controlled.
When there is little variation in the voltage of the power supply 1 which is the supply source of e, the charging current Icha required to charge the secondary battery 4 by selecting the resistance value of the current limiting resistor 2 according to the voltage of the power supply 1
By flowing rge, the secondary battery 4 can be charged. However, in this charging circuit, when the voltage of the power supply 1 is stable, the rechargeable battery 4 is not charged with an excessive charging current Icharge, but the charging current Icharge is proportional to the voltage of the power supply 1. Therefore, when the voltage of the power supply 1 varies greatly and the voltage of the power supply 1 becomes larger than when the current limiting resistor 2 is selected, an excessive charging current I
The charge flows to charge the secondary battery 4. If the secondary battery 4 is overcharged in this manner, it not only shortens the life of the secondary battery 4, but also poses a problem in safety. Therefore, in order to extend the life of the secondary battery 4 and to charge it safely, a charging circuit considering overcharge prevention is required.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記問題点を解
決するために、充電電流を供給する電源電圧が低い場合
は従来の充電方式と同様に電源電圧の値に比例した充電
電流にて電池を充電し、電源電圧が高い場合にはトラン
ジスタのベース・エミッタ間に配置した定電圧素子によ
り充電電流の定電流化が行われ電池への過充電を防止す
る構成を有している。In order to solve the above problems, the present invention uses a charging current proportional to the value of the power supply voltage as in the conventional charging method when the power supply voltage for supplying the charging current is low. When the battery is charged and the power supply voltage is high, the constant voltage element arranged between the base and emitter of the transistor makes the charging current constant so as to prevent overcharging of the battery.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】上記構成により充電電流の供給源である電源電
圧がばらつき過電圧がかかってもトランジスタのベース
・エミッタ間に配置した定電圧素子により充電電流が制
御されるために過大な充電電流による過充電を防止する
ことができる。With the above structure, even if the power supply voltage, which is the source of the charging current, varies and the overvoltage is applied, the charging current is controlled by the constant voltage element arranged between the base and emitter of the transistor. Can be prevented.
【０００８】[0008]
【実施例】以下、本発明の一実施例について図面を参照
して説明する。図１は本発明の一実施例における充電回
路の回路図である。図１において、１は電源、２は電流
制限抵抗、３は整流素子、４は二次電池でこれらは従来
例と同じなので同一の番号を付す。５はツェナーダイオ
ード、６はトランジスタ、７はトランジスタのベース抵
抗である。電源１は充電電流Ｉｃｈａｒｇｅの供給源と
なり、トランジスタ６と電流制限抵抗２は充電電流Ｉｃ
ｈａｒｇｅを制限する。ツェナーダイオード５は電源１
の電圧が過電圧のとき電流制限抵抗２にかかる電圧を定
電圧に保つためのものである。整流素子３は二次電池４
より流れ出す逆電流Ｉｂａｔを防止するためのものであ
る。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a power source, 2 is a current limiting resistor, 3 is a rectifying element, and 4 is a secondary battery. Reference numeral 5 is a Zener diode, 6 is a transistor, and 7 is a base resistance of the transistor. The power supply 1 serves as a supply source of the charging current Icharge, and the transistor 6 and the current limiting resistor 2 serve as the charging current Ic.
Limit the charge. Zener diode 5 is power supply 1
This is for keeping the voltage applied to the current limiting resistor 2 at a constant voltage when the voltage is overvoltage. Rectifying element 3 is a secondary battery 4
This is to prevent the reverse current Ibat that flows out more.
【０００９】以下、図１によって本発明の動作を説明す
る。電源１の電圧が変化し、電源１の電圧Ｖｃｃ、二次
電池４の電圧Ｖｂａｔ、ツェナーダイオード５のブレイ
ク電圧Ｖｚの関係が（Ｖｃｃ−Ｖｂａｔ）＜Ｖｚとなる
ときツェナーダイオード５はブレイクしないためトラン
ジスタ６のベース端子には（Ｖｃｃ−Ｖｂａｔ）の電圧
が印加される。この時、トランジスタ６はベース接地回
路を構成しているためトランジスタ６のエミッタ端子に
はベース端子に印加される電圧とほぼ同じ値の電圧が発
生する。この結果、二次電池４は電流制限抵抗の抵抗値
をＲとすると（Ｖｃｃ−Ｖｂａｔ）／Ｒで表される充電
電流Ｉｎｃｈａｒｇｅで充電される。The operation of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. When the voltage of the power supply 1 changes and the relationship between the voltage Vcc of the power supply 1, the voltage Vbat of the secondary battery 4, and the break voltage Vz of the Zener diode 5 is (Vcc-Vbat) <Vz, the Zener diode 5 does not break and the transistor A voltage of (Vcc-Vbat) is applied to the base terminal of 6. At this time, since the transistor 6 constitutes a grounded base circuit, a voltage having substantially the same value as the voltage applied to the base terminal is generated at the emitter terminal of the transistor 6. As a result, the secondary battery 4 is charged with the charging current Incharge represented by (Vcc-Vbat) / R, where R is the resistance value of the current limiting resistor.
【００１０】次に、電源１の電圧が変化して（Ｖｃｃ−
Ｖｂａｔ）＞Ｖｚとなると、ツェナーダイオード５がブ
レイクし、トランジスタ６のベース端子はツェナーダイ
オード５のブレイク電圧Ｖｚに安定化される。このた
め、二次電池４を充電する充電電流Ｉｃｈａｒｇｅは
（Ｖｚ／Ｒｅ）となり電源１の電圧増加に伴う、充電電
流Ｉｃｈａｒｇｅの増加を制限する。Next, the voltage of the power supply 1 changes (Vcc-
When Vbat)> Vz, the Zener diode 5 breaks, and the base terminal of the transistor 6 is stabilized at the break voltage Vz of the Zener diode 5. Therefore, the charging current Icharge for charging the secondary battery 4 becomes (Vz / Re) and limits the increase of the charging current Icharge with the increase of the voltage of the power supply 1.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明は、充電電流を供給
する電源電圧が低い場合は従来の充電方式と同様に電源
電圧の値に比例した充電電流にて電池を充電し、電源電
圧が高い場合にはトランジスタのベース・エミッタ間に
配置した定電圧素子により充電電流の定電流化が行われ
電池への過充電を防止する構成としたことにより、充電
電流の供給源である電源電圧がばらつき過電圧がかかっ
てもトランジスタのベース・エミッタ間に配置した定電
圧素子により充電電流が制御されるために過大な充電電
流による過充電を防止することができ、電源電圧がどん
なに変化しても、安全かつ、確実に電池を充電する事が
可能となる。As described above, according to the present invention, when the power supply voltage for supplying the charging current is low, the battery is charged with the charging current proportional to the value of the power supply voltage as in the conventional charging method, and the power supply voltage is If the voltage is high, the constant voltage element placed between the base and emitter of the transistor regulates the charging current to a constant current to prevent overcharging of the battery. Even if a variation overvoltage is applied, the charging current is controlled by the constant voltage element placed between the base and emitter of the transistor, so overcharging due to an excessive charging current can be prevented, and no matter how the power supply voltage changes, It is possible to charge the battery safely and surely.
【図１】本発明の一実施例における充電回路の回路図FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】従来の充電回路の回路図FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a conventional charging circuit.
１ 電源 ２ 電流制限抵抗 ３ 整流素子 ４ 二次電池 ５ ツェナーダイオード ６ トランジスタ ７ ベース抵抗 1 Power Supply 2 Current Limiting Resistor 3 Rectifier Element 4 Secondary Battery 5 Zener Diode 6 Transistor 7 Base Resistance
Claims (1)
する充電回路において、前記電流制限抵抗と電源との間
にトランジスタを配置し、前記トランジスタのコレクタ
端子を電源に、前記トランジスタのエミッタ端子を前記
電流制限抵抗に接続し、前記トランジスタのベース端子
と電池との間に定電圧素子を配置することを特徴とする
充電回路。1. A charging circuit for charging a battery from a power source via a current limiting resistor, wherein a transistor is arranged between the current limiting resistor and the power source, the collector terminal of the transistor is used as the power source, and the emitter terminal of the transistor is used. Is connected to the current limiting resistor, and a constant voltage element is arranged between the base terminal of the transistor and the battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3264491A JPH05111183A (en) | 1991-10-14 | 1991-10-14 | Charging circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3264491A JPH05111183A (en) | 1991-10-14 | 1991-10-14 | Charging circuit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05111183A true JPH05111183A (en) | 1993-04-30 |
Family
ID=17403979
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3264491A Pending JPH05111183A (en) | 1991-10-14 | 1991-10-14 | Charging circuit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05111183A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7435023B2 (en) | 2003-01-24 | 2008-10-14 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Printing apparatus and printing method |
-
1991
- 1991-10-14 JP JP3264491A patent/JPH05111183A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7435023B2 (en) | 2003-01-24 | 2008-10-14 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Printing apparatus and printing method |
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