JPH04501601A - Apparatus and method for drying and grinding substances - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Apparatus and method for drying and pulverizing substances - Hill - Koichidan The present invention uses an inlet duct and a drying duct that are connected in series to an agitator. A flow dryer is a type of dryer in which the material to be treated is passed through a drying duct using a stream of heated gas. It relates to apparatus and methods for drying and grinding materials using various The present invention relates to a flow dryer that can be easily adapted to dry materials.

1 once, once chivalry, once distorted Known flow dryers typically use an inlet duct connected in series with an agitator. A drying duct is installed after the dryer. The flow of hot gas is The substances contained in the gas stream are dried and crushed, forming a cyclone. A separator is usually connected to the drying duct to separate the saturated gas from the dried ground product. It is used to

The material to be dried is usually fed into an agitator, in which it is launched and partially After being dried and crushed, it is transferred to a drying duct. The stirrer is flow dry. provides resistance to flow within the chamber, and this resistance depends on the nature and characteristics of the material being processed and It depends on the conditions in which the substance interacts with the agitator to reduce the quality of the gas flow. this The velocity of air flowing through the drying duct and the actual flow inside the drying duct under The drying conditions are unpredictable and the reason for this is that the resistance inside the agitator is the density and fraction of air containing partially pulverized material in the agitator. of the flow up to 280° resulting from the operation of the agitator on the ground material Depends on a number of factors including direction change.

As a result, it is difficult to predict the velocity of the gas in the drying duct; It is difficult to predict the residence time of particulate materials.

No. 4,573,278, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. The drying duct is equipped with a The drying duct can be adjusted by providing multiple adjustable deflectors to vary the path length. The residence time in the container can be varied to process different materials with different moisture contents. It is stated that a flow dryer can be adapted. However, this structure drying may not provide a long enough residence time for proper drying; It is usually not practical to extend the drying duct to increase the drying time even further. It is. This is especially true after the particles of ground material have entered the drying duct. This is the case when the final velocity is reached before completion. In this case, the length of the drying duct Normally, the product will be wet regardless of the temperature.

This proposal allows processing of various materials using one machine under many conditions. However, there are cases where the configuration of the device is not valid. Furthermore, the deflection part The material composition is expensive to manufacture. Therefore, flow dryers can be used to process various materials. It is desirable to provide other means that can be adapted to manage the situation.

With R-12”! −Jo The main object of the invention is to solve at least to some extent the above-mentioned problems associated with the prior art. This is what we are trying to do.

Therefore, the first gist of the present invention is: A flow dryer that uses a stream of hot gas to crush and dehydrate materials A dryer uses an inlet duct connected in series to an agitator and a drying duct. type, the agitator has an inlet that communicates with the inlet duct, and a hot gas flows into the agitator. The powder exiting from the agitator via the agitator outlet is Varying the residence time of the material in the agitator by varying the desired exit characteristics of the crushed material a flow dryer for comminution and dewatering of materials having control means operable to exists in

Outlet properties primarily include weight, density, surface area, volume and shape; The relative importance of the properties depends on the nature of the material being treated. A certain range of particles is stirred exit from the machine, the present invention can change the average exit characteristics of a given amount, thus , the average residence time of the substance in the stirrer can be controlled.

Another feature of the invention is the use of a stream of hot gas flowing through an agitator to grind and dewater the material. This stirrer is suitable for use in flow dryers to a stirring chamber having an inlet and an outlet; and a rotatably mounted compound within the stirring chamber. changing the number of impellers and the desired exit characteristics of the ground material exiting the agitator via the agitator outlet. control means operable to vary the residence time of the substance in the agitator by It has a stirrer.

Another feature of the invention is to use a stream of hot gas flowing within a flow dryer to produce a predetermined amount of moisture. A flow dryer is connected in series with an agitator in a method of grinding and dewatering wet materials. This type uses an inlet duct and a drying duct, and the agitator is connected to the inlet duct. an inlet communicating with the outlet duct and an outlet communicating with the outlet duct; introduced into the stirrer at the same time, in which case the wet substance is affected by a hot gas stream, stirring the substance. The hot gas stream is directed to dehydrate while being crushed by the machine, and is passed through the agitator outlet. the agitator by changing the desired outlet characteristics for the ground material exiting the agitator. Adjust the residence time of the ground material in the chamber to the ideal setting to produce the desired product. After wetting, process more wetting material using ideal residence time settings. It consists in methods of grinding and dehydrating substances.

The flow dryer preferably includes a blower and a burner chamber. Burner room is good Preferably, it is connected in series with the inlet duct and communicates with the upstream end of the inlet duct. Burna The chamber preferably has a variable, flame burner to control the temperature of the gas fed into the inlet duct. It can be used to change the degree of Preferably, the blower is installed in the burner chamber. Connect the burner chamber in series at the upstream end to direct the gas in the burner chamber to the inlet duct. It is better to let

Alternatively, the gas can be passed through the burner chamber, into the inlet duct, through the agitator and into the drying duct. Place the blower under the drying duct to draw suction through the duct and through the blower. It can also be provided in the flow.

Gas velocity or mass flow rate loss as a result of burner operation A gas intake can be used downstream of the burner. This gas intake is introduced into the hot gas. Preferably, it is variable to vary the amount of air admitted.

Flow dryers use a classifier downstream of the drying duct to handle different particle sizes and/or or separate ground materials of different densities. The classifier is connected to the return duct and It can be operated in conjunction with the outlet duct. The return duct communicates with the inlet duct The unclassified ground material is preferably returned for reprocessing. The exit duct can be e.g. Dry ground material in the separator is connected to a suitable separator such as an Iklon type separator. 200°C to 500°C, preferably 200°C to 500°C. The main flow can be increased by auxiliary flow. Preferably auxiliary The flow is introduced into the main stream immediately after it exits the agitator at a location adjacent to the agitator outlet. Good. Preferably, the mass flow rates of the main stream and the auxiliary stream can be controlled.

Preferably, the mass flow rates of the main stream and the auxiliary stream are dependent on each other. mainstream It is advantageous to control the mass flow rate to be inversely proportional to the mass flow rate of the auxiliary stream.

The manner in which the main stream of gas is augmented by the auxiliary stream of gas can be varied. this In the method, the material is heated to a temperature of 200°C to 1300°C, preferably 200°C to 500°C. The material is simultaneously ground and stirred in a stirrer while applying the influence of a hot gas mainstream at a temperature of The main flow is directed to the required output of the ground material exiting the agitator so as to dehydrate the ground material in the agitator. 200° C. to 13° C. for a scheduled time determined by mouth characteristics, and then mass by controlling an auxiliary flow of hot gas at a temperature of 00°C, preferably between 200°C and 500°C. A combined gas flow is formed in the drying duct by introducing the main flow at a flow rate and combining The stream and the crushed material contained therein should be classified and recycled to the flow dryer. a return stream containing ground material and an outlet stream of saturated gas containing relatively dry ground material; The return flow and the materials it contains are the first to be affected and the crushed materials into either the main stream or the combined stream of hot gas containing the gas, relative to the outlet stream gas. to separate the dry ground material, vent the gas in the outlet stream, and collect the ground product. .

When a flow dryer uses a main stream augmented by an auxiliary stream, the main stream is agitated. Preferably, the modification is such that an auxiliary stream can be introduced into the main stream after leaving the stirrer. This is Therefore, a flow dryer is connected in series to the primary input rod before and after the agitator. and a drying duct, the agitator being connected to the main inlet rod near the downstream end of the main inlet rod. an inlet that communicates with the drying duct and an inlet that communicates with the drying duct near the upstream end of the drying duct. an auxiliary inlet having an outlet and communicating with the drying duct near the upstream end of the drying duct; duct, the control means controlling the residence time of the substance in the agitator, and The mass flow rate of the auxiliary flow introduced into the drying duct via the auxiliary inlet duct is controlled. It can work.

The secondary inlet duct and the auxiliary inlet duct do not communicate with the common blower through the common inlet duct. or separate feeds for the main and auxiliary inlet ducts. A wind fan can be provided. Gas to both main and auxiliary inlet ducts If a common inlet duct is used for the Preferably, the duct is a spaced upright duct extending upward from the agitator; The duct is located above the agitator and extends from the common inlet duct to the drying duct. Good.

The auxiliary inlet duct can be independent of the main inlet duct. common entrance duct When using a Some gas flows along the common inlet duct and feeds the agitator to it. control means are arranged to control the amount of this gas diverted through the drying duct. It shall be possible to move.

The stirrer can be of known construction, but with a number of arms on the rotating shaft. Alternatively, a rotary stirrer with blades may be used to move the particles through the gas stream. is the outlet characteristic of the crushed particles that can be transported through the agitator into the drying duct. The vanes are constructed to maintain the injected wet material within the hot gas stream until it is time to crush the material. will be accomplished. A feeder can be provided at the outlet of the agitator, and this feeder Includes an input feed auger or paddle that can feed incoming material into the agitator. preferable.

In one preferred embodiment, the agitator preferably comprises a plurality of blades located within the agitation chamber. preferably, the chamber has opposite end walls and a curved wall extending between these end walls. . Preferably, the stirring chamber is cylindrical in shape and the cylindrical body is slightly spaced from the wall of the chamber. A vane is rotated on an axis coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the chamber to cut the product. Like Preferably, the agitator inlet and agitator outlet are spaced apart from each other in the curved wall of the agitation chamber. Provided with. Both the stirrer inlet and stirrer outlet are located in the same semi-cylindrical part of the chamber. It is advantageous to do so.

The opening forming the inlet to the agitator has an opposing wall portion extending outside the room and an upstream edge. It is preferable to Preferably, this wall section is tangential to the curved wall of the chamber.

The opening constituting the inlet to the agitator preferably has an opposing wall section extending outside the room and an upstream end. It is better to have a border. The wall section is preferably continuous with the curved wall of the chamber. .

The center of each opening is on an imaginary tangent surface extending from each edge to each wall section. , and on the contact line of the virtual tangential surface with the virtual cylindrical body that limits the cutting volume of the blade. It is advantageous that it is located almost immediately.

Preferably a service opening in the end wall of the agitator to allow access to the blades. will be established. The stirring chamber can have a wear lining. This wear lining It can be a curved plate attached to the inner surface of the curved wall of the stirring chamber. Preferably, The wear plate has the same radius of curvature as the wall of the stirring chamber. Service opening next to the curved wall of the stirring chamber Preferably, they are provided in close contact to facilitate replacement of the wear lining.

Preferably, each service opening is provided with a removable cover plate.

Preferably, a plate forming each end wall of each stirrer extends beyond the curved wall of the stirrer to form an inlet. Walls of ducts and drying ducts, and if an auxiliary duct is used, this auxiliary duct It forms the wall part of the duct.

Preferably, an agitator feeder is provided adjacent to the agitator inlet. main input log feed In addition, a return feed is provided to the agitator to transport the partially treated material into the flow draught. make it possible for people to recycle it. Transfer the partially treated material to the agitator inlet. The return feed can be positioned to return to the agitator at a point between the agitator outlet and the agitator outlet. Ru. Preferably, during rotation, as the vane rotates around its axis, it passes through the population and reaches the outlet. Position the return feed so that it meets before.

The control means control the flow of gas or the gas contained within the flow dryer. Valve means may be included to control the passage of the substances introduced. Preferably the valve means A flow control valve and/or a stirrer that controls the mass flow rate of gas fed into the stirrer The agitator outlet valve includes an exit valve that controls the desired exit characteristics of the particles exiting the agitator. They can be used in combination or independently to control Control residence time. Preferably, the control means comprises a flow control valve and an agitator outlet valve. to allow more precise control over residence time. with auxiliary gas flow In some cases, the control means includes an auxiliary control valve for controlling the mass flow rate of the auxiliary gas flow. is preferable.

A flow control valve can be located upstream of the agitator inlet or at the agitator. Auxiliary gas If a gas flow is used and the auxiliary gas flow and the main flow flow into a common inlet duct, the flow control The control valve and the auxiliary control valve can be operated interdependently. common entrance duct If the flow branches into main and auxiliary ducts, the flow control valve and auxiliary control The control valve is a single valve plate located adjacent to the junction between the auxiliary inlet duct and the main inlet duct. It can be provided in In a preferred embodiment, the valve plate is pivotally mounted adjacent to the auxiliary inlet duct. to selectively divert a portion of the gas into the auxiliary inlet duct, which feeds the agitator. The mass flow rate of the incoming main stream is inversely proportional to the mass flow rate of the gas flowing into the auxiliary inlet duct. so that Completely close the auxiliary inlet duct using the valve plate to agitate all gases It can be advantageously sent to

By controlling the size of the agitator outlet, the desired output of ground material from the agitator can be adjusted. Positioning the agitator outlet valve adjacent to the agitator outlet to control mouth characteristics is preferred. preferable. In a preferred embodiment, the agitator outlet valve is moved into the agitator search port to a selected position. Equipped with a sliding plate that can be moved. In other embodiments, the agitator outlet valve partially closes the agitator outlet. It includes a pivot plate that can be pivoted to a selected position for closing.

This allows the quality of the gas fed to the agitator to be controlled by operating the flow control valve. The mass flow rate can be controlled, thus the mass flow rate of the gas flowing into the stirrer, Thus, the residence time of the substance within the stirrer is controlled. The agitator outlet valve controls the outlet size. This allows for relatively large Deflect material particles back into the vane passages so they can be recycled into the agitator be able to. As a result, the flow rate inside the stirrer is independent of the flow control valve setting. The residence time of the substance can be controlled. However, there is a small amount inside the stirrer. Since it is necessary to maintain the flow, it is possible to close the agitator outlet without completely closing it. Therefore, both a flow control valve and an agitator outlet valve are required. It is particularly preferable to use a high-temperature filter, since the residence time can be finely controlled.

When processing materials such as bone, there is a tendency to deflect the bone through the agitator inlet. , and also because of the speed at which it is added to the bone product and its size, the bone product will pass through the inlet. It tends to move backwards into the burner chamber relative to the flowing gas stream. this question To solve this problem, the material being thrown by the vane against the deflecting means is a deflector extending across a portion of the agitator inlet to deflect it rearward into the passageway of the agitator; Preferably, the means are provided at the agitator inlet.

Preferably, the deflecting means is a virtual cylinder defined by the wayside of the rotating vane. comprising a deflector plate extending substantially parallel to the imaginary tangent surface to the body, or an extension of the plate; Provided at a position that intersects the virtual tangent surface. Fixing this deflection means or be adjustable to change the angle at which it intersects the virtual tangent surface. Can be done.

a baffle plate for deflecting a portion of the flow of hot gas preferably towards the free end of the vane; It can be used for profit.

Each stirring blade can have any desired shape or outline; An object having a road edge and a deflecting surface located adjacent to the free edge and hitting the deflecting surface. The material is preferably deflected inwardly, rather than radially, so that material hitting the surface is deflected through the blades. It is preferable to deflect it into the road.

Drying ducts can be of set length or can be of variable length. Ru. The drying duct should be a vertical duct with acute angles and/or flat walls. Preferably, it also has a vertically extending partition wall and an upwardly extending portion and a downwardly extending portion. A long section is provided to direct the gas flow inside the drying duct upwardly over the bulkhead. It is also preferable that the flow is directed downward into the outlet duct. Multiple bulkheads Adjustable baffles are provided and these baffles are actuated in accordance with applicant's U.S. Pat. ．． It is recommended to change the length of the drying duct using the method described in No. 573.278. It's advantageous.

The outlet duct can extend horizontally from the downstream end of the drying duct to the separator. , extending from the downwardly extending portion of the drying duct located upstream of the top of the return duct. It is preferable to do so.

The classifier can be of any known shape, but it can be Types that separate gas layers and/or particles of various weights are preferred; Near the downstream end of the drying duct adjacent to the junction between the drying duct and the outlet duct. It is preferable to provide the Preferably, the classifier is located at a predetermined distance from the wall of the drying duct. It is advantageous to have a baffle plate that can be selectively extended into the gas flow. Dry the deflector to the wall of the return duct to deflect the gas flow towards the return duct. It is preferable that the angle can be set at a preselected angle. The deflection effect of the deflector plate is the wall when the angle is relatively large and the baffle protrudes completely into the gas flow. It is larger. The baffle plate works in conjunction with an airlock located in the return duct. to allow the gas flow to flow into the outlet duct, which allows the smaller The drier particles are separated in the separator, while the heavier particles are deflected into the air The material is allowed to fall into the lock and later sent to a return duct for reprocessing. Aerots A rotary type air lock is preferable.

If an auxiliary gas stream is used, the auxiliary gas stream and the main gas stream are connected from a common burner. For this purpose, as mentioned above, it is preferable to supply a common inlet duct. Preferably, an auxiliary inlet duct and a main inlet duct are respectively provided as branch pipes.

In this configuration, the common inlet duct communicates with the burner chamber at its upstream end and It branches into main and auxiliary ducts. The main duct extends from the agitator inlet and stirs Preferably, it has a wall portion that is continuous with the tangential wall portion that defines the machine inlet. auxiliary Advantageously, the inlet duct communicates with the drying duct at an opening downstream of the agitator.

This downstream opening is provided with a grid or perforated section of the wall of the drying duct so that the material can Preferably, backflow into the auxiliary inlet duct is prevented.

Connect the return duct at its downstream end to the drying duct upstream or downstream of the auxiliary inlet duct can do. Alternatively, the return duct can directly transport the material to an agitator or stirrer. It can be returned to a location upstream of the agitator. Preferably the return duct is upstream of the agitator. Connect to the inlet duct.

As is clear from the above, the present invention is applicable to materials such as animals, minerals or vegetables. The process is much better controlled than known in the prior art and this allows longer Like shelf life, more uniform final moisture content, more uniform particle size and more uniform density can provide better quality ground material with advanced properties.

Therefore, in yet another aspect, the present invention provides a flow dryer as described above. Substances such as animals, minerals or vegetables as ground material after being processed.

A great day In order to enable the invention to be more easily understood and put into practice, the accompanying drawings have been incorporated herein by reference. With reference to the drawings, FIG. 1 shows a flowchart constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of a dryer, Figure 2 is an enlarged view of a part of Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a view of Figure 1 on line 3-3 in Figure 2. shows a cross section of a flow dryer, FIG. 4 is a partial vertical sectional view showing the operation of a preferred agitator and a preferred agitator outlet valve; Figures 5 and 6 show details of the stirring chamber which facilitates the operation of the stirrer; Figure 7 shows a removable stirring mode that can be used in combination with the actuating parts shown in Figures 5 and 6. Figures 8, 9 and 10 show the wear linings of the drying duct and Figure 1 respectively. Figures 8A and 8B are side, front and top views of the call and return duct sections; 8 is an enlarged detailed diagram showing the operation of the suitable classifier shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the stirrer constructed according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 12 is a side view of another preferred agitator constructed according to the present invention.

Good way to make annotations Figure 1 uses a main gas flow 11 of hot gas augmented by an auxiliary gas flow of hot gas. 1 shows a flow dryer 10 for drying materials in longitudinal section. -Next gas flow 1 1 and auxiliary gas stream 12 are delivered from a common gas stream flowing along a common inlet duct 13. It will be done. The gas temperature of gas streams 11 and 12 is between 200°C and 1300°C, preferably It is within the range between 200°C and 500'C.

The main stream 11 of the hot gas flows into the agitator 14 and from this agitator 14 into the drying duct 15. The substance to be dried is fed into the agitator 14 using a feeder (not shown). do. The auxiliary stream 12 flows along an auxiliary inlet duct, which in the example shown is is constructed in the form of a plenum 16, which communicates with the common inlet duct 13 at its upstream end and which It communicates with a drying duct 15 at its downstream end.

Control means in the form of a flow control valve 17 is provided near the upstream end of the plenum 16, to which from the plenum 16 to the drying duct 15 through the opening formed by the grid 18. The flow of hot gas flowing and the flow of hot gas flowing to the agitator 14 is controlled.

The grid 18 is used to prevent the processed material from flowing back into the auxiliary inlet duct. It is being

A return duct 19 is connected to the downstream end of the drying duct 15, and drying is carried out by this duct. The downstream end of the duct 15 and the upstream side of the agitator 14 are communicated with each other.

A classifier formed by a rotating baffle plate 25 is provided near the downstream end of the drying duct 15; This is used to further process relatively heavy and relatively compact exchange materials. Directing the saturated gas and relatively dry exchange material back into the return duct 19 towards the outlet duct 26.

Materials falling into the return duct using rotary aerodynamics 20 in the return duct is returned to the main inlet duct 13 by gravity, and the gas in the combined flow 21 is returned to the outlet duct 13. flow into the duct 26. Therefore, the classifier separates the particles by weight and plate 25. Classified according to degree of deflection.

Therefore, as shown, the material passing into the agitator 14 is influenced by the main stream 11. and the action of the agitator, it is lifted up and crushed in the agitator, and the parts are crushed in the agitator. is transported into the drying duct by the main stream 11, and also by the auxiliary stream 12. Also affected by. By operating the valve 17, the flow rate of the auxiliary flow 12 is controlled. After the main stream 11 passes through the agitator 14, the amount of the main stream can be increased. . In this way losses of the main stream 11 due to flow resistance and caused by agitator operation The reduction in the main flow 11 can be compensated for by the auxiliary flow 12. For example, a stirrer If the temperature drop across the The auxiliary flow at 450° C. therefore exerts a pressure-increasing effect in the drying duct.

As a result of this, the conditions in the drying duct are reduced to those in which no auxiliary flow is introduced, i.e. , the maximum flow rate of the auxiliary flow from the state when the valve 17 is completely closed, that is, the valve 17 It can be adjusted to the state when fully opened.

With such a configuration, the combined gas flow 21 can be accurately controlled, Therefore, the processing conditions of granular powder materials in drying ducts should be kept between the minimum and maximum limits. It can be changed continuously. This type of drying duct has a specified length. By changing the conditions inside the drying duct using the The time can be controlled and the unsaturated hot gas can be introduced directly into the drying duct. As a result, strong drying can be performed within the agitator 14 without deteriorating the quality. can.

According to the particular embodiment shown, the variable valve 17 controls the flow rate of air fed to the agitator 14. decrease or increase. As a result, the resistance factor inside the stirrer changes and the stirrer exit This changes the required exit characteristics of the material exiting the agitator through the process. Because of this, valve 17 When the is opened to the maximum, the -next flow is maximum and the stagnation inside the agitator is constant at the agitator outlet dimension. maximum for. When closing valve 17, the residence time in the stirrer is minimized.

Therefore, although the primary flow 11 and the auxiliary flow 12 in this embodiment depend on each other, However, it is of course possible to control the flows separately if independent control is desired. . In the illustrated example, the gas flow rate in the secondary stream 11 is inversely proportional to the gas flow rate in the auxiliary stream 12. ing. The actual velocity of the gas at any point within the flow dryer is Of course, it depends on the cross-sectional area of the duct at the location.

In the illustrated example, the drying duct 15 is a vertical duct with an upwardly extending portion 22 and a downwardly extending portion 22. A portion 23 extending in the direction is separated by a partition wall 24, and the assembly A combined flow 21 is flowing.

The baffle plate 25 directs the combined flow and the powder material carried by this flow into a return duct. The deflection plate 25 and the rotary air – Under the influence of the combination with lock 2°, the relatively heavy packed particles will be transferred to the return duct. It falls into the hole 19. The combined stream 21 and the dry particulate matter in this stream The saturated gas is then diverted to the outlet duct 26 leading to the clone 27 and then the saturated gas is removed from the particulate matter. It is separated and discharged to the outside at 28. The dry powder product is removed from cyclone 27. It can be taken out via the tally airlock 29. Then the product, e.g. Further classification can be done using sieves, and larger particles can be separated if required. It can be returned to the flow dryer for further processing.

The main gas flow is provided in series with the common inlet duct 13 by a burner chamber 30 and a blower (not shown). (without). At high flame, the flame 31 of the burner chamber 30 passes through the burner chamber 30. Air flow can be adjusted. In order to reduce the adjustment effect at high heat, burner chamber 3 A variable gas intake port 32 is provided downstream of 0. on the inner wall of the burner chamber when operating at high heat. Due to the destructive effect of flame 31, it is necessary to maintain the required gas flow in the flow dryer. There is usually insufficient gas flow within the burner chamber for this to occur. Gas population 32 is gas at high flame. The flow can be precisely controlled.

The stirrer 14 is a rotary wall stirrer having a plurality of blades, and the blades are connected to the stirring chamber 33. Rotate counterclockwise in the drawing. The chamber 33 is connected to the downstream end of the inlet duct 13. It has an inlet 34 communicating with it and an outlet 35 communicating with the drying duct 15. Stirrer outlet The agitator outlet is selectively adjusted by adjusting a control means in the form of an outlet valve 36 located near 35. The required exit characteristics for the powdered material exiting the stirrer by partially closing the can be controlled.

In use, the substance to be dried is fed into the stirrer 14 and placed in the stirring chamber 33. Sweeping blades lift up the material and crush it into fine particles. The agitator 14 also It also serves to expose the substance to the mainstream 11. The process of partially drying and pulverizing and depending on the setting of the agitator outlet valve 36, the material is As the particle size of the material decreases and it becomes lighter, the particles of material are transported by the main air flow. It is sent into the drying duct 15.

At this stage, the main flow is weakened by the resistance of the agitator 14 and at least partially In order to maintain a relatively constant residence time of the particulate material to be saturated and dried, valve 17 is activated. When the auxiliary flow 12 is added to the main flow whose quality has deteriorated through adjustment to create a flow with the planned combination of characteristics. Both improve the dryness inside the drying duct.

In particular, the auxiliary stream supplies unsaturated hot gas at a flow rate controlled by valve 17, and this The saturated gas contains particles that are relatively small compared to the particles that the mainstream 11 feeds into the agitator 14. send a child

Once valves 17 and 36 are ideally set for particulate matter, a proper product will be produced. Valve settings as long as it is taken out from the rotary near lock 29 of the cyclone 27. You can leave it as is.

To further control residence time, the baffle plate 25 can be actuated to It can be controlled by circulating.

When the material finally reaches cyclone 27, it is separated from the saturated gas and It is deposited as a coarse powder in Ikron.

As is clear from the above, many operating parameters can be controlled independently and/or can be adjusted complementary to provide ideal drying conditions for the properties of a variety of different materials. I can do it.

In particular, the valve 17 can be adjusted to vary the flow rates of the auxiliary stream 12 and the main stream 11; Therefore, the conditions inside the drying duct 15 and the agitator 14 can be changed, Valve 36 can be adjusted to vary the amount of time material is cycled into the agitator; This allows the residence time of the substance in the stirrer to be adjusted in addition to or independently of valve 17. The deflector plate 25 can also be adjusted to recycle material into the return duct 19. It can be made to cycle. The applicant believes that the most critical factor is the outlet valve setting; The settings of valve 17 and baffle plate 25 can be used to fine tune the properties of the final product. I discovered that.

In Figures 2 and 3, the same parts as the flow dryer in Figure 1 are the same. The stirring blades are omitted to show plenum I6 in more detail. . The return duct 19 passes through the top plate 37 of the plenum 16 and the auxiliary flow 12 passes through the top plate 37 of the plenum 16. 16, it passes around the return duct. Plenum 16 is entered by plate 37. It is formed so as to bridge between the mouth duct 13 and the drying duct 15, and on the other hand, The side plates 38 (only one of which is shown in FIG. 5) extend to the top plate 37 to form the stirring chamber 33. , surrounding the plenum 16 and the ducts 13 and 15. Configure like this This makes it a compact vertical unit that can be easily transported. curved The infill plate 40 confines a portion of the lower wall of the plenum to prevent gas from entering the plenum. flows along a smoothly curved path from the plenum population 41 to the exit grid 18. That's what I do.

Attach the flow dryer to the supporting frame (as shown) with the chevron bracket 39 (see Figure 6). (clearly shown).

The mixture is mainly fed into the stirring chamber 33 through the main inlet 42 of the side plate 38, and a feed source is supplied to the side plate. (not shown) can be attached. The return feed is indicated at 43. flow The control valve 17 includes a valve plate 44 mounted on a shaft 45, which is connected to the main inlet rod 13. Bridge the inlet duct 13 between the side plate 38 adjacent to the dividing point between the plenum population 41 and the It's connected. The shaft 45 is pivotally mounted to the side plate 38 and rotated between selected positions using a manual wheel 46. can be moved.

In this way, the valve plate 44 can be selectively positioned to more or less block the common flow 11. I can do it.

The agitation-like outlet valve 36 has two plate parts 47 and 48, which connect to the drying duct. It bridges across 15. Further details regarding the operation of valve 36 can be found in Figure 4. Explain. To explain briefly here, the plate 47 rotates around a pivot 49, and On the other hand, as the plate 48 slides over the edge of the agitation/search port 35, the plate 48 pivots. Rotate around 50. In this way, the size of the stirring and searching port 35 can be selectively changed. can be done.

FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of the stirring chamber 33, and the same parts as described above are designated by the same reference numerals. It shows. A circle 52 indicated by a broken line indicates an arc through which the outer peripheral edge of the stirring blade passes. In the drawing The feathers are omitted for clarity. In the actual structure, the stirring blade is in the stirring chamber 33. It is spaced apart from the inner wall 53 by about 3 mm. Main input feed 42 and return feed 43 is also shown with a dashed line.

According to the illustrated embodiment, the material is in a flow dryer adjacent to inlet 34 and outlet 35. Reduces the tendency for deposits to build up on the inner walls of the ear. Therefore, a flame is generated inside the stirrer lessening the tendency. The powder substance that is thrown up and shredded by the stirring blade is It is thrown in the tangential direction to the circle 52. The blades rotate at approximately 140 rpm. , as a result, most of the material in the stirrer flows in an annular flow, and only a small amount of material is located in the center of the room.

At the inlet 34, the material carried by the vane is removed after the vane passes the edge 54. is no longer limited by the chamber walls. At this point, the particles are transported at high speed from the agitator inlet. There is a tendency to run off and to stick to the tangential wall portion 55. but , the particles flowing out from the inlet of the stirrer are also affected by the inflowing mainstream 1N, and therefore and flows along a winding path through the areas indicated at 56 and 57. as shown As a result of forming the stirrer population 34, the blades remove the accumulated material and the tangential direction Keep wall portion 55 relatively clean.

A similar consideration is given to the wall section 58 of the outlet 35.

Generally, the centers 59 and 60 of the agitator inlet and agitator search outlet, respectively, are the circles 52 approximately on the center line of the imaginary tangential surfaces 61 and 62 of the imaginary cylinder defined by It is located in the middle of the day.

The size of the agitation-seeking outlet 35 can be varied using an agitation-like outlet valve 36.

Details of the agitator outlet valve 36 are shown and as can be seen, the plate 47 is The shaft 49 is pivotally connected to the wall 63 of the drying duct, and the control rod 65 is attached to the flange 64 of the drying duct. is pivoted. Control rod 65 has another flange 66 extending from wall 63. It penetrates a hole in wall 63 adjacent to .

A hole in flange 66 is selectively aligned with one of a plurality of holes 67 on control rod 65. With this configuration, the control rod 65 can be used to move the plate 47. from the fully retracted position to the fully extended position shown in phantom. I can do it. Insert the set lock pin 68 into the alignment hole and select the control rod as desired. Can be locked in position.

When projecting the plate 47, the plate 48 is freely rotated around the pivot 50, and the plate 48 is rotated at the end. can go over the edge 51, so that the pivot 50 is outside the variable position of the agitation search port 35. Limit the periphery.

By manipulating the control rod 65, the effective dimensions of the stirring and searching port can be changed. can. This effect on the material within the stirrer depends on the conditions within the stirrer and the nature of the material being treated. However, the quality can be adjusted using an agitation-like outlet valve; can change the properties of the final product by controlling the residence time of the material in the agitator. I confirmed that it can be done.

Naturally, in the illustrated embodiment, the control by valve 17 is The final product is made ideal by using the agitation and detection outlet that controls the supplementation. Therefore, the outlet properties of the material leaving the stirrer can be qualitatively determined. specific Once your settings produce the ideal final product, you can retain those settings and continue using them. Process the material afterward.

The return feed 43 is provided at a position sufficient to shorten the residence time of the return material. . It should be noted that the return material has already been processed by the flow dryer. and therefore each particle already has the desired exit properties within the range considered ideal. However, the size range of the particles is due to one pass and is very small. Further drying requires only a minimal amount of processing to further reduce particle size. It is desirable to apply it further. For this reason, it is not advisable to make one complete pass through the agitator. Therefore, the return feed inlet is located near the agitation and search outlet.

FIG. 5 shows one side plate 38. The upper edge 68 of this side plate 38 is connected to a flow dryer. During the construction of the plenum 16, there are two By using the side plates, the lower structure of the flow dryer (as shown in Figure 2) ) can be easily done. To allow easy access to the inside of the stirrer. For this purpose, a service opening 69 is provided in the side plate 38. This service opening is long and narrow. The center of the blade almost coincides with the position of the stirrer shaft, which allows the conversion of the elongated stirring blade. and/or easy to maintain. Using a lid plate (not shown), A bolt is inserted into the outer peripheral hole 70, thereby closing the service opening 69. .

Figure 6 is a side view of Figure 3, illustrating another service opening with the cover plate removed. There is. This service opening is for inserting the wear lining (Figure 7) into the stirring chamber. It is used for mounting and is mounted through the mounting hole 72.

A suitable wear lining 73 is illustrated in FIG. Constructed of curved manganese alloy steel, preferably BISALLOY 80. Ru. This wear lining has a shape that matches the shape of the curved lower inner wall of the stirring chamber. do.

Figures 8, 9 and 10 show the drying duct 15 and the return duct 19 in detail. In the figure, the same parts as described above are indicated by the same reference numerals. Partition wall 2 in the illustrated example 4 includes two adjustable baffles 74, these baffles being shown in dashed lines. The length of the drying duct can be changed by selectively moving the drying duct.

The cover plate 75 allows access to the baffle plate 74. Omitting the deflector Also, to reduce costs, the bulkhead 24 can be a fixed wall. . The baffle plate is not shown in FIG.

Inspection plates 76 and 77 are staggered to provide access to plate 25 and the lower end of the return duct. It is installed in a suitable position. A flange 78 is provided on the outlet duct 26 to connect other ducts. Make it possible to connect.

Figures 8A and 8B show plate 25 in more detail. Figure 8A shows the movement of the deflector plate 25. FIG. 8B shows a preferred baffle plate 25.

As is clear from the drawings, the baffle plate 25 consists primarily of two plate sections 79 and 80. It is made with. The plate 79 is connected to a flange plate 81 extending from the shaft 82, and the plate 80 is connected to a flange plate 81 extending from the shaft 82. 79 and can be retracted or protruded. Plate 80 is shown in Figure 8B. shown in fully extended position.

In FIG. 8A, the three operating positions 83, 84 and 85 of the baffle plate 25 are indicated by dashed lines. Indicated by Although a suitable control rod is not shown, the shaft 82 crosses the drying duct. The baffle plate 25 can be controlled from the outside.

Position 85 shows the plate 80 in its fully retracted position, and position 84 shows it fully extended. Ru. At position 83 the plate is partially ejected.

Deflectors can be set at various angles to the drying duct wall 86 to control the combined gas flow. along the planned path, allowing heavier particles to enter the return duct. The planned aisle can be moved closer or further away from the drying duct to allow can.

Therefore, in the illustrated embodiment, the flow dryer is constructed to obtain the ideal product. A number of control means are provided which can be used to quality-adjust the motion. Select particle size can be selectively varied to vary the gas flow rate in different parts of the flow dryer. to adjust the residence time of the material in each section of the flow dryer. Can be done. For example, some materials have a shorter residence time in an agitator than others. On the other hand, it is desirable to increase the residence time in the drying duct. is desirable.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of another preferred agitator according to the present invention. Stirrer in Figure 1 Although suitable for processing light substances, the agitator structure has a number of drawbacks.

For example, when processing material such as bone, there is a tendency to deflect the bone through the agitator inlet. Due to the direction and velocity applied to the bone product, and due to its dimensions, the bone product passes through the inlet. tend to move backwards with respect to the mainstream and enter the burner chamber. outlet valve used Other problems arise, such as product buildup near the outlet valve, depending on the particular shape of the outlet valve.

In addition, the rotation of the blades promotes the radial outward movement of particles within the agitator. On the other hand, particles are kept in the stirring chamber by blades to strengthen the crushing. It is even more desirable to have one. In the illustrated example, the agitator outlet valve deflects the baffle plate 88. The baffle plate is rotatable on axis 89 through an arc of about 90 degrees.

As shown in FIG. 1, the inlet duct 11 and the drying duct 15 are usually vertical ducts. , so when the plate 88 is vertical, the outlet valve prevents the accumulation of material in the agitator. It has little effect on time. However, heavy materials within the stirrer are usually The board enters the drying duct before being properly dried and crushed. If 88 is properly positioned off-vertical, the material hitting plate 88 will be on the vane 91. It is recycled back into the passage and into the agitator.

Similarly, at the agitator inlet a deflecting means is used in the form of a plate 92, in the illustrated example a fixed plate. However, it can also be made into an adjustable plate like the plate 88, and the play of the blade 91 can also be adjusted. A substance moving in a direction tangential to the arc defined by the edge hits the deflector plate 92. , the vane 170 is returned to the passage. This deflector plate 92 is suitable for heavy materials such as bones and soil. Especially used.

The auxiliary function provided by the shape of the plate 92 and the agitator port 94 is that the agitator inlet is Divided into two passages 95 and 96 by a plate 90, the free end 97 feeds into the agitator. The majority of the flow flows along passage 95, intersecting the gas flow that is can be seen when feeding into a position adjacent to the free end 93 of the vane 91. this As a result of the high speed rotation of the blades and the centrifugal action of the material in the stirrer, the stirrer Most of the particles within the vane are located near the free end of the vane, so that area 98 is the incoming hot gas. receives most of the heat carried by the bulk of the gas flow.

As can be seen from the drawings, the free end 93 of each vane 91 has a deflecting surface 99, which It tends to deflect the material hitting the deflecting surface 99 inwardly, thereby causing the blades 91 to This eliminates some of the radial outward movement that might be exerted by the free end 93. I can do it.

As the particle approaches the free end 93 of each vane, the particle lies on the deflecting surface 99 and its movement Return to the feather passage. This is a large particle with a large cross-sectional area and a greater possibility of collapse. It has a significant effect on This action sweeps particles from the agitator into the drying duct. This process continues until sufficient exit characteristics are achieved. As evaluated, free end 93 Particles moving adjacent to the The majority of the particles are then recycled until the desired exit properties are achieved. feathers shown In the root structure, the radial deflection effect is minimal, so that adjacent to the free end of the vane Most of the particles leave the agitator by reaching the required exit characteristics, This is not the result of a crushing action by the free end of the vane.

In another variation of the agitator 87 of FIG. 11, the return duct 100 carries the material duct (directly into the agitator). In this way, the return duct 100 The substance that enters the stirrer is not heated to the maximum amount immediately, but gradually, This causes smaller particles to become fiery, as in the embodiment of FIG. Never.

FIG. 12 shows a preferred internal structure of an agitator constructed in accordance with the present invention. Same as above The same symbols are used to indicate different parts, and as is clear from the drawing, the stirrer is It has a side wall 102 and a substantially circular cover plate 103, and the blade is mounted using this circular cover 103. It can be assembled on the lid plate and the blades can be dynamically disassembled before being installed inside the stirring chamber. can be performed.

Graduated control members 104 and 105 are provided on the flow control valve and the agitator outlet valve, respectively. use

The above has been described by way of illustrated examples of the present invention, but within the scope of the present invention, the present invention It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that the can be implemented in a variety of ways.

Fiq, 1 Fig, 8 B Fig, 8 Fig, 9 Procedural amendment (voluntary) July 11, 1990

Claims (23)

[Claims] 1. A flow dryer uses a stream of hot gas to crush and dehydrate the material. The dryer uses an inlet duct and a drying duct connected in series to an agitator. type, the agitator has an inlet that communicates with the inlet duct, and a hot gas is introduced into the agitator. and an outlet communicating with the outlet duct for flow to exit the agitator via the agitator outlet. Varying the residence time of the material in the agitator by changing the desired exit characteristics of the ground material a flow dryer for comminution and dewatering of materials having control means operable to produce -. 2. The hot gas stream has a main stream and a auxiliary stream, where the main stream is fed into the agitator and the auxiliary stream is agitated. 2. A flow dryer according to claim 1, wherein the flow dryer is fed into a drying duct upstream of the machine. 3. A control means is operated to control the mass flow rate of the hot gas in the main stream or in the auxiliary stream. The flow dryer according to claim 2. 4. A control means counteracts the mass flow rate of hot gas in the main stream with the mass flow rate of hot gas in the auxiliary gas. 4. The flow dryer of claim 3, operable to proportionally control. 5. Main inlet duct where the inlet duct communicates with the agitator, at a location adjacent to the agitator outlet an auxiliary inlet duct communicating with the drying duct, and the control means is connected to the drying duct. with a flow control valve for directing hot gas into an auxiliary inlet duct for delivery to The flow dryer according to claim 4. 6. A burner chamber communicating with the upstream end of the inlet duct and a gas velocity or mass flow rate downstream of the burner chamber to compensate for losses in gas velocity or mass flow rate. 6. The flow dryer according to claim 1, further comprising a flow inlet. 7. A classifier located downstream of the drying duct and a separate A return duct downstream of the classifier for return to the mixer and a return duct for collecting the classified material. and an outlet duct downstream of the classifier for feeding the classifier to the outlet. A flow dryer as described in any one of the above items. 8. Flood to crush and dehydrate materials using a stream of hot gas flowing through an agitator An agitator suitable for use in a dryer, which agitator has an inlet and an outlet for hot gas. a stirring chamber, a plurality of blades rotatably installed in the stirring chamber, and a stirring chamber. agitation by changing the desired outlet characteristics of the ground material exiting the agitator via the machine outlet. and control means operable to vary the residence time of the substance within the stirrer. 9. adjacent to the agitator outlet, the control means being operable to partially close the agitator outlet; 9. The agitator of claim 8, further comprising an agitator outlet valve. 10. creating a continuous annular flow of ground material flowing into the agitator adjacent to the free end of the vane. The blades rotate in a predetermined direction within the stirring chamber so that the stirrer has an upstream end and a downstream end. , said outlet valve is actuated to change the location of the upstream end, thereby exiting the agitator. 10. A stirrer according to claim 9, which alters the desired outlet properties of the substance. 11. The agitator outlet valve is provided with an outlet deflection means and the impeller passes through the deflection means. An outlet deflector to partially close the agitator outlet to deflect material returned to the channel. Stirrer according to claim 9, in which the stages can be moved. 12. The part of the agitator inlet so that the agitator inlet deflects the material that is returned to the impeller passage. 12. The agitator of claim 11, further comprising inlet deflection means extending across the agitator. 13. The stirrer chamber has a generally cylindrical inner wall, and the stirrer inlet and outlet are connected to the stirrer chamber. Any one of claims 8 to 12 provided within the same semi-cylindrical part of the agitator chamber. Includes a stirrer. 14. The inlet deflector and the outlet deflector are swept by the free ends of the vanes. For a plane that intersects at an acute angle with an imaginary plane tangent to the imaginary cylinder defined by 13. A stirrer according to claim 12, which can be set substantially parallel to or in this plane. 15. the inlet baffle member comprises a plate, the plane containing the inlet deflector being at an acute angle; intersects the virtual tangent plane downstream of , which causes the hot gas flow to flow around the plate and the gas flow The majority of 15. A stirrer as claimed in claim 14, which concentrates the gas flow. 16. The vanes have deflecting surfaces near each free end, and these deflecting surfaces 13. The plant according to claim 8, wherein the plant is configured to deflect the substance inwardly when the root rotates. The stirrer described in any one of item 1. 17. The stirring chamber has a removable end plate for easy removal of the impeller from its interior. The stirrer according to any one of claims 8 to 12. 18. A stream of hot gas flowing through a flow dryer is used to crush and crush a predetermined amount of wet material. An inlet duct with a flow dryer connected in series to an agitator in a way to and a drying duct, in which the agitator has an inlet communicating with the inlet duct and a drying duct. an outlet communicating with an outlet duct, the method including a portion of the wet material into the agitator; The wet material is then introduced at a time, during which a stream of hot gas is applied to the wet material and the material is pulverized by a stirrer. The hot gas stream is directed to dehydrate while crushing, and is then passed from the agitator through the agitator outlet. ground material in the agitator by varying the desired outlet characteristics for the exiting ground material Adjust the residence time to the ideal setting to obtain the desired product; Grinding and processing wet materials using residence time settings to process more wet materials and how to dehydrate. 19. Claim 18 further comprising directing a supplemental stream of hot gas into the drying duct. Method described. 20. Injected into the agitator to change the desired exit characteristics for the material exiting the agitator. 21. The method of claim 19 or 20, further comprising controlling the mass flow rate of the hot gas that is Method. 21. The agitator output can be adjusted to vary the desired outlet characteristics for the ground material exiting the agitator. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising changing the geometry of the mouth. 22. The agitator outlet can be adjusted to vary the desired outlet characteristics for the material exiting the agitator. 22. The method of claim 18 or 21, further comprising partially closing. 23. Heat the substance at a temperature of 200°C to 1300°C, preferably 200°C to 500°C. The substance is simultaneously ground in the stirrer while applying the influence of the main stream of gas, and the powder in the stirrer is Said main stream is adapted to the required outlet characteristics of the ground material exiting the agitator to dewater the ground material. Then, the main stream is heated at 200°C to 1300°C, preferably Preferably, an auxiliary flow of hot gas at a temperature of 200°C to 500°C is introduced at a controlled mass flow rate. A combined gas flow is formed in the drying duct by the main stream and the combined gas flow. Crushed materials that should be classified and recycled to the flow dryer and an exit stream of saturated gas containing relatively dry ground material; The hot gas that first affects the flow and the substances it contains and contains the crushed substances relatively dry grinding from the outlet stream gas back into either the main stream or the combined stream. Dry and dry the material to separate the material, vent the gas in the outlet stream, and collect the crushed product. and how to grind.