JPH0448157B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] Industrial Field of Application The present invention relates to a hammer excavator that is effectively used for excavating hard ground such as rock, particularly for excavating vertical holes.

Prior Art Conventionally, this type of hammer excavator is equipped with a disk-shaped impact bit at the lower end of the rod that is continuously driven up and down by compressed air, and the continuous impact of the bit excavates hard ground. On the other hand, a so-called downhole hammer excavator is known, which discharges earth and sand generated by excavation to the ground by jetting compressed air.

The above-mentioned conventional excavators excavate by striking only one bit, which not only has poor excavation efficiency, but also causes uneven wear of the striking bit, resulting in a short service life and the need for large-diameter vertical excavators. When drilling a hole, a correspondingly large diameter and heavy bit is required, and the bit drive mechanism that moves the bit up and down also becomes large, which has the disadvantage of making the overall bit heavier than necessary. It was hot.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention reduces the overall weight compared to a conventional hammer excavator equipped with one striking bit, and also allows each striking bit to rotate on its own axis while making continuous strikes. The object of the present invention is to provide a hammer excavator that can exert excellent digging power by rotating around the earth, eliminate uneven wear of the striking bit, and extend the service life of the bit.

[Structure of the invention]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has a leader mast installed vertically at the front of a base machine, a carrier that is slidably suspended from a guide rail provided on the front of the mast and can be raised and lowered by a wire, and a hammer The excavator main body includes a bit rotation motor mounted and supported on the carrier, a speed reducer, a bit revolution mechanism connected below it, a cylindrical casing made of a continuous steel pipe below it, and a lower end surface of the casing. Consisting of a plurality of striking bits protruding in a row, a cylindrical cover is concentrically fixed to the lower surface of the reducer, and a flat hollow gear box is concentrically connected to the lower end of the cover and protrudes downward into the box. The annular bearing part rotatably supports the ring-shaped large gear provided at the top of the rotating cylinder, and the lower flange of the rotating cylinder is fixed concentrically to the upper surface of the gear housing at the upper end of the casing, and the upper surface of the gearbox is fixed on both left and right sides. A hydraulic motor for bit revolution was installed in each part, and the output shafts of both motors were meshed with the large gear.

Embodiments The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, a leader mast 2 is installed vertically at the front of the base machine 1, and the mast 2
A carrier 4 is slidably fitted onto a guide rail 3 provided on the front surface of the hammer excavator 6, and is suspended by a wire 5 so as to be movable up and down.

The hammer excavator 6 includes a bit rotation (rotation) motor 7 mounted and supported on the carrier 4, a reduction gear 8, a bit rotation (revolution) mechanism 9 connected below the motor 7, and a bit rotation (revolution) mechanism 9 connected below the motor 7. In this embodiment, the cylindrical casing 10 is made of a steel pipe, and three impact bits 11 are provided on the lower end surface of the casing 10, projecting in a row in the diametrical direction of the lower end surface.

In the illustrated embodiment, the bit turning mechanism 9 is as follows:
An example has been shown in which the entire striking bit is revolved by rotating the casing 10. In FIG. 4, a cylindrical cover 12 is concentrically fixed to the lower surface of the reducer 8, and a flat hollow gear box 13 is concentrically connected to the lower end of the cover 12, and a gear box 13 projects downward into the box 13. A ring-shaped large gear 16 provided at the upper part of the rotary cylinder 15 is rotatably supported on the annular bearing part 14 provided therein via a ball bearing 17, and the lower flange 18 of the rotary cylinder 15 is connected to the casing 10. It is fixed concentrically to the upper surface of the gear housing 19 at the upper end,
On the other hand, hydraulic motors 20, 20 for bit rotation (revolution) are installed on both left and right sides of the upper surface of the gear box 13, and output shafts 22, 22 of both motors are meshed with the large gear 16, respectively. A cylindrical bearing tube 23 is bored in the center of the lower surface of the gear box 13, and rotatably supports the rotary tube 15 on its inner surface.

Next, the bit rotation (rotation) mechanism is as follows.

In FIG. 3, within the lower end of the casing 10, three cylindrical bit continuous vertical drive mechanisms 24 using normal compressed air are rotatably supported by bearings 30 in parallel to the casing axis. The hitting bit 11 that protrudes from the lower end of each drive mechanism 24, 24, 24 so as to be freely advanced and retracted has a substantially disk shape with a large number of chips protruding from its lower hitting surface, and in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. As shown, the bits are placed close to each other when viewed from the bottom, and
The bits 11, 11 on both sides are made to protrude slightly outward from the outer peripheral surface of the casing 10, and the bit 11 in the center is made to have an appropriate level different from the bits 11, 11 on both sides when viewed from the front as shown in Fig. 3. The hollow rotating shafts 25, 25, 25, which are displaced downward and are connected to the upper end of the drive mechanism 24, are connected to the casing 1.
Gears 2 extend parallel to each other in three directions within the shaft, are rotatably supported by thrust bearings 26 with the upper ends of the extensions protruding into the gear housing 19, and are fixed to the upper ends of the shafts.
7 are engaged with each other in three series, while the reduction gear 8
A hollow intermediate shaft 29 is connected to the output shaft 28 which protrudes into the cylindrical cover 12 from above, and the intermediate shaft 29 passes through the rotary cylinder 15 and is connected to the central rotary shaft 25. 31 is a swivel provided in the middle of the hollow intermediate shaft 29; 32 is a rotation shaft 25, 2 on both left and right sides;
These swivels are provided at the upper ends of each of the bits, and from these swivels, through each hollow intermediate shaft 29 and rotating shaft 25, each bit continuous vertical drive mechanism 24, 24, 24.
and pump compressed air to discharge earth and sand generated by excavation. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 33 indicates an injection port for compressed air for soil removal, which is opened at the bottom surface of each bit 11.

The effects of the embodiments of the present invention described above are as follows.

When the motor 7 is started, the rotation of the output shaft 28 passes through the intermediate shaft 29, the gear 27, and the rotation shafts 25, 25,
25, thereby each bit continuous vertical drive mechanism 24, 24, 24 and the striking bit 11,
11, 11 rotate in opposite directions, and when the hydraulic motors 20, 20 are started, their output shafts 21, 2
1 is transmitted to the casing 10 via the small gears 22, 22, the large gear 16, and the rotary tube 15, whereby the entire bit 11 revolves together with the casing 10. In this state, compressed air is sent from the swivels 31, 32 to the respective bit drive mechanisms 24, 24, 24 through the hollow rotary shafts 25, 25, 25, and then the entire hammer excavator 6 is lowered to the hard ground. The bits 11, 11, 11 start to move up and down continuously to perform impact excavation of hard ground, and at the same time, compressed air is injected into the excavation hole from the injection ports 33, 33... on the bottom surface of each impact bit to blow the excavated soil into the excavation hole. Earth is ejected onto the ground from the gap between the inner wall surface and the outer peripheral surface of the casing 10 (FIG. 5a). In excavation using the above-mentioned impact bits, each impact bit 11 rotates and revolves around its own axis while making continuous impact, so that a strong excavation force is exerted.

Also, among the three impact bits, the center impact bit 11 displaced downward first performs pilot excavation of a small diameter, and then the impact bits 11, 11 on both sides
Since the hole is excavated in a circular manner around it to form a hole of the desired diameter, efficient excavation is achieved. Further, as for the wear and tear of the chips of each striking bit 11, 11, 11, since each striking bit rotates on its own axis, uneven wear is eliminated, and the service life of the striking bit is extended.

Note that the striking bits 11, 11, 11 are not limited to being arranged in one row in the diametrical direction, but may be arranged in plural rows in the diametrical direction (for example, in a cross row). Also, adjacent hitting bits may be slightly overlapped with each other. Furthermore, as another embodiment, an embodiment is also obtained in which one or both of the rotation and revolution mechanisms of each striking bit is internalized within the casing 10, and the casing 10 is prevented from rotating.
Its specific structure may be modified as appropriate in accordance with the embodiments described above.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since the hammer excavator of the present invention has a plurality of striking bits protruding from the lower end surface of the casing in at least one row in the diametrical direction, it is different from a conventional hammer excavator equipped with one bit. In comparison, the overall weight can be reduced, and this advantage is particularly noticeable in hammer drilling machines for large-diameter vertical hole drilling. By revolving, it is possible to exert a superior digging force than the continuous impact using one bit in the conventional machine, and it also has the effect of eliminating uneven wear of each bit and extending the service life of the bit.

In particular, in the present invention, a guide rail is provided in front of the leader mast, the carrier slides along this guide rail, the hammer excavator main body from which the carrier is suspended revolves, and the hammer excavator is arranged in a row in the main body. Since the bits are designed to rotate, each striking bit is surrounded by a casing and rotates smoothly, and the casing is suspended from a carrier that slides along a guide provided on the leader mast, so the entire bit is accurately rotated. Each hitting bit can be rotated.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a side view, FIG. 2 is a front view, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of a lower part of a hammer excavator. FIG. 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the upper part of the hammer excavator, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged bottom view. 6...Hammer excavator, 7...Motor, 8...
Reduction gear, 10...Casing, 11...Impact bit, 20...Hydraulic motor, 24...Bit continuous vertical drive mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A hammer excavator consisting of a combination of the following five elements: (a), (b), (c), (d), and (e). (a) The leader mast 2 is installed vertically on the front part of the base machine 1, and the carrier 4 is slidable on the guide rail 3 provided on the front of the mast 2, and the wire 5
(b) The hammer excavator main body 6 includes a bit rotation motor 7 mounted and supported on the carrier 4, a speed reducer 8, a bit revolution mechanism 9 connected below it,
It consists of a cylindrical casing 10 made of a continuous steel pipe below and a plurality of striking bits 11 protruding in a row from the lower end surface of the casing 10; (c) A cylindrical cover 12 is concentrically arranged on the lower surface of the reducer 8 A flat hollow gear box 13 is concentrically connected to the lower end of the cover 12.
(d) A ring-shaped large gear 16 provided at the upper part of the rotary cylinder 15 is rotatably supported by an annular bearing part 14 projecting downward within the casing 10; (e) Hydraulic motors 20 for bit revolution are installed on both left and right sides of the upper surface of the gear box 13, and the output shafts 22 of both motors 20 are connected to the large gear 16. That we engaged.