JPH04281989A - shield excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To smoothly attain the lining operation of segments as well as make continuous excavation possible. CONSTITUTION:The skin plate of a shield excavator is divided into front and back skin plates 2a and 2b, and intermediate skin plates 2c-2f having necessary attendant facilities such as a shield operation board 9, a mud water circulating pump 10, and an oil-pressure unit 11 are connected between the skin plates 2a and 2b. The back segment-lining operation space is made wider from the back-side skin plate 2b equipped with an element-assembling erector, and the handleability of these attendant facilities is improved. The propulsion extending speed of a propulsive jack provided to the skin plate 2b is set up to more than two times that of the jack provided to the skin plate 2a. By alternately extending these jacks, the continuous excavation work of tunnel is made possible.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a shield excavator for constructing a lining segment on the tail side while excavating a tunnel.

0002

[Prior Art] A conventional shield excavator, for example, a mud shield excavator, has a skin plate 2 as shown in FIG.
1 is equipped with an excavation mechanism 22 such as a cutter plate in the front end opening, and a propulsion jack 23 and an erector 24 in the rear part.
is disposed, and the segment 25 is assembled using the erector 24 within the tail portion of the skin plate 21, while the front end surface of the assembled segment 25 receives a reaction force and excavates by the operation of the propulsion jack 23. It consists of The attached shield equipment, such as the shield operation panel 26, return pump 27, hydraulic unit 28, and control panel 29, is installed on rails 30 laid within the lining segment 25 so as to be movable in the tunnel length direction. .

0003

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above-mentioned shield excavator, the shield operation panel 26, the return pump 27, and the hydraulic unit 2 are installed in the lining segment.
8. Because the control panel 29 and other equipment attached to the shield machine are installed, the tunnel space becomes narrow, making it difficult to carry the segment through the lining segment, the passage for workers, and the discharge pipe for excavated soil. Significant restrictions arise in securing roads, etc., which not only reduces work efficiency but also poses safety problems. Further, there is a problem in that the above-mentioned equipment must be moved along the rails 30 as the shield excavator advances, and the rails 30 must be added in accordance with the movement.

Furthermore, after excavating a tunnel portion of a certain length while extending the propulsion jack 23, the excavation must be temporarily stopped and lining work for the segment performed. There is a problem that the lining work is intermittent and the workability is poor. The object of the present invention is to provide a shield excavator that fundamentally solves these problems.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the shield excavator of the present invention comprises a skin plate, a frontmost skin plate portion including an excavation mechanism and a front propulsion jack, a rear propulsion jack, and an erector. It is divided into a rearmost skin plate part with The fitting length between the rear end of the skin plate portion and the front end of the intermediate skin plate body slidably fitted in the longitudinal direction to the rear end is made approximately equal to the segment assembly dimension for one ring, and The invention is characterized in that the extension speed of the rear propulsion jack is set to be greater than the propulsion speed of the frontmost skin plate portion.

[0006]

[Operation] All the accessory equipment necessary for tunnel excavation, such as the reflux pump, hydraulic unit, and control equipment, is located inside the intermediate skin plate body between the front and rear skin plate parts, so the lining can be carried out from the rearmost skin plate part to the rear. The space within the segment can be used widely, and even when constructing a small-diameter tunnel, there are no restrictions on the arrangement of segment entry roads, worker passages, earth and sand removal pipes, etc., making it possible to smoothly and safely construct tunnels. enable work.

Furthermore, since the front and rear skin plate portions and the intermediate skin plate body are connected to each other in a bendable manner, the propulsion provided on the rearmost skin plate portion can be adjusted while controlling the excavation direction of the frontmost skin plate portion. By operating the jack, it can be accurately propelled in the direction of the planned tunnel, and in accordance with the propulsion, the above-mentioned attached equipment moves together with the intermediate skin plate body.

[0008]Furthermore, the frontmost skin plate section is moved forward by the front propulsion jack while excavating, and a segment is assembled within the tail section of the rearmost skin plate section, and then the rear propulsion jack is excavated by taking a reaction force to this segment. By contracting the front propulsion jack of the front skin plate section while extending it at twice the speed of the excavation speed, the front skin plate section can be continuously advanced at a constant excavation speed at all times, and the tunnel can be moved forward at a constant excavation speed. Continuous construction is possible.

[0009]

[Example] An example of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a shield excavator, the skin plate of which is divided into two parts, a front-most skin plate 2a and a rearmost skin plate 2b each having a desired length. skin plate part 2a,
A plurality of intermediate skin plate bodies 2c, 2d, 2e, and 2f of appropriate length and having the same diameter as 2b are connected in series.

[0010] At the front of the frontmost skin plate portion 2a,
An excavation mechanism 3 consisting of a cutter plate 3a and its rotation drive device 3b is disposed, and a front propulsion jack 4 is installed and fixed at multiple locations in the rear part, and the rod end of the jack 4 is connected to the first The cutter plate 3a is in contact with and received by the front end surface of the intermediate skin plate body 2c, and the rotation shaft of the cutter plate 3a is rotatably supported by the partition wall 5, and the rotation drive device 3
b is arranged on the back side of the partition wall 5.

Inside the first intermediate skin plate body 2c following the frontmost skin plate portion 2a, there is a mud feeding/discharging pipe 7 communicating with the excavated soil intake chamber 6 provided between the cutter plate 3a and the partition wall 5. , 8 and a shield operation panel 9 are installed, and the first intermediate skin plate body 2
A muddy water recirculation pump 10 is installed in the second intermediate skin plate body 2d following c, and its suction side is connected to the mud drainage pipe 8, and the mud drainage pipe 8 is connected to its discharge side. ' and the mud feeding pipe 7 are extended rearward to pass through the tunnel and communicated with an excavated earth and sand separation tank (not shown) on the ground side so that the mud can flow back.

Furthermore, this second intermediate skin plate body 2
Hydraulic units 11 for supplying pressure oil to jacks and the like and their control equipment 12 are installed in the third and fourth intermediate skin plate bodies 2e and 2f, which are sequentially connected to d. In addition, a plurality of rear propulsion jacks 13 are installed at regular intervals in the circumferential direction in the rearmost skin plate portion 2b following the fourth intermediate skin plate body 2f, and the inner periphery of the tunnel to be excavated. An erector 14 for assembling lining segments S on the surface is movably disposed.

The connection of the rearmost skin plate portion 2b to the rearmost intermediate skin plate body 2f and between the intermediate skin plate bodies 2c to 2f successively following the frontmost skin plate portion 2a in series is made by connecting the rearmost skin plate portion 2b to the front end outer periphery of these skin plates. The rear end of the front skin plate is fitted into the circumferential step 16 through a packing or the like, and the opposing ends of the adjacent skin plates on all four sides are formed into a circumferential step 16 with a small diameter. They are connected to each other by a direction control jack 15 so that they can bend freely and transmit thrust.

[0014] Also, a first intermediate skin plate body 2c is fitted into the rear end portion of the frontmost skin plate portion 2a and into the rear end portion via a tail seal packing so as to be slidable in the front and rear direction.
The fitting length (wrap dimension) with the front end circumferential stepped portion 16 is 1
The segment assembly dimension for a ring is formed approximately equal to the width of one segment in the tunnel direction, and only the frontmost skin plate portion 2a is set at a distance equal to the segment width of one ring from the first intermediate skin plate 2c. It is possible to excavate.

Furthermore, this frontmost skin plate portion 2a
The propulsion and extension speed of the rear propulsion jack 13 disposed within the rearmost skin plate portion 2b is set to be at least twice as fast as the propulsion and extension speed of the front propulsion jack 4 disposed within the rearmost skin plate portion 2b. .

As shown in FIG. 3, on the inner bottom of the lining segment S constructed subsequent to the rearmost skin plate portion 2b, the mud feeding and draining pipes 7 and 8' are arranged side by side for a long length. The girder members 17 are laid on the upper surface side at regular intervals in the length direction, and the segment carts 1 are placed on the girder members 17.
Eight running rails 19 are laid in the length direction of the tunnel. In addition, a passage such as a walkway is provided on the side part of the beam member 17. It goes without saying that the mud feeding and draining pipes 7 and 8' may be arranged at appropriate parts within the lining segment 15. 20 is the frontmost skin plate part 2a and the rearmost skin plate 2
This is a tail seal provided on the inner circumferential surface of the rear end of b.

With the above structure, the rotary drive device 3b of the excavation mechanism 3 is driven in the frontmost skin plate portion 2a of the shield excavator 1 to rotate the cutter plate 3a and extend the front propulsion jack 4. This allows the following skin plate to absorb the reaction force and excavate the face ground. During this excavation, the rear propulsion jack 13 disposed on the rearmost skin plate portion 2b has its rod contracted, and the erector 14 is applied to the inner peripheral surface of the skin plate caused by the contraction. Assemble segment lining S for one ring.

[0018] When the assembly of this segment S is completed,
The rod of the rear propulsion jack 13 is extended to bring its tip spreader 13a into contact with and received by the front end surface of the segment S. When the front skin plate portion 2a of the shield excavator 1 is excavated by a distance equal to the segment lining S width for one ring, following this excavation process, the front propulsion jack 4 is retracted and at the same time the rear side The propulsion jack 13 is extended at twice the propulsion speed by taking reaction force from the segment lining.

Then, the intermediate skin plate body 2c~
2f moves forward at the same speed, and the front-most skin plate portion 2a has its digging speed reduced by the amount of contraction of the front propulsion jack 4, that is, maintains the same speed as the digging speed by the front propulsion jack 4. Under this condition, the face ground will be excavated. Therefore, the cutter plate 3a
While continuously rotating the
Continuous excavation is possible without stopping a. Note that the excavation time for one ring of segments on the front-most skin plate portion 2a side and
The propulsion speed of the front propulsion jack 4 is adjusted based on the difference between segment assembly time and segment assembly time within b.

In this way, the excavation of the face ground corresponding to one ring is carried out while transmitting the propulsive force of the rear propulsion jack 13 to the frontmost skin plate portion 2a via the intermediate skin plate bodies 2c to 2f. , At the same time as the rear propulsion jack 13 is retracted, the front propulsion jack 4 is gradually extended, and the excavation is continued in the same manner as above, and the next segment S is assembled on the contracted rear propulsion jack 13 side. conduct. This work process is then repeated to continuously excavate the tunnel and assemble the segment lining S.

During this excavation, the shield operation panel 9, hydraulic unit 11, and control equipment 12 provided in the first, third, and fourth intermediate skin plate bodies 2c, 2e, and 2f are operated to propel the body forward and backward. By driving the jacks 4, 13, etc., and operating the direction control jack 15, the excavation direction and the curved portion of the tunnel are excavated.

Furthermore, the mud water recirculation pump 10 disposed on the second intermediate skin plate body 2d is operated, and the mud feeding/discharging pipe 7 is activated.
, 8 and 8', the excavated soil excavated by the cutter plate 3a and sent into the soil intake chamber 6 is carried out.

On the other hand, the erector 14 disposed in the rearmost skin plate portion 2b is moved by the segment truck 18 through the lining segment S constructed on the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel that has already been excavated. transport,
The erector 14 is used to assemble the segments within the tail portion of the skin plate portion 2b.

[0024] In the above embodiments, a mud water type shield excavator has been described, but other shield excavators can also adopt a structure in which the skin plate is divided into a plurality of parts. Equipment such as a shield operation panel 9, a muddy water return pump 10, a hydraulic unit 11, and a control device 12 are sequentially arranged on the intermediate skin plate bodies 2c to 2f provided between the rearmost skin plate parts 2a and 2b. However, even if the arrangement order is different, the same function is achieved, and in addition, it is not necessary to install one accessory equipment in one intermediate skin plate part, but it is possible to install two or more equipment in one intermediate skin plate part. It is okay to do so.

[0025] Furthermore, the structure may be such that a backing material such as a lubricant can be injected into the inner surface of the excavated ground from each of the intermediate skin plate bodies 2c to 2f, and furthermore, at least one of these intermediate skin plate bodies 2c to 2f may be injected into the inner surface of the excavated ground. Alternatively, a gripper means (not shown) that can come into contact with the inner surface of the excavated ground may be provided.If such a gripper means is provided, the reaction when the front propulsion jack 4 is propelled can be prevented. Force reception can be performed reliably.

[0026]

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the shield excavator of the present invention, a plurality of intermediate skin plate bodies are connected between the frontmost skin plate portion and the rearmost skin plate portion, and the return flow is carried out within these intermediate skin plates. pump, hydraulic unit,
Because it is equipped with the auxiliary equipment necessary for tunnel excavation, such as control equipment, unlike conventional shield excavators, which install these auxiliary equipment inside the lining tunnel, the lining is removed from the rearmost skin plate part. The space within the construction segment can be used widely. Therefore, it is possible to orderly provide segment delivery routes, worker passages, earth and sand discharge pipes, etc. within the lining segment, making it possible to perform smooth and safe work and improve work efficiency. Besides, 1200
Even with a small diameter shield of mm diameter or less, it is possible to construct a tunnel using a segment lining.

Further, the front and rear skin plate portions and the intermediate skin plate body are connected to each other in a bendable manner, and the frontmost skin plate portion is provided with an excavation mechanism and a front propulsion jack, while the rearmost skin plate portion is provided with an excavation mechanism and a front propulsion jack. Since a rear propulsion jack and erector are installed at the front, it is possible to excavate accurately in the planned tunnel direction by operating the propulsion jack while controlling the excavation direction of the frontmost skin plate. Since the above-mentioned attached equipment installed inside the skin plate body moves together with the skin plate body, it can be installed on a movable trolley like the conventional attached equipment installed inside the lining segment. It is not necessary to move according to the excavation of
Moreover, it is possible to eliminate the work of laying rails and the like, thereby facilitating the work.

[0028] Also, the fitting length between the rear end of the frontmost skin plate and the front end of the intermediate skin plate fitted to the rear end so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction is one ring segment. Since the dimensions are approximately equal to the assembled dimensions and the extension speed of the rear propulsion jack is greater than the propulsion speed of the frontmost skin plate section, the frontmost skin plate section is moved forward by the front propulsion jack to perform excavation. After assembling the segment in the tail of the rearmost skin plate section, the segment is taken up by the reaction force and the rear propulsion jack is extended at twice the excavation speed, while the front propulsion jack of the frontmost skin plate section is By contracting, the front-most skin plate can be moved forward at a constant excavation speed, making it possible to continuously construct tunnels.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

[Fig. 1] A simplified longitudinal sectional side view of the shield excavator of the present invention.

[Fig. 2] An enlarged longitudinal sectional front view taken along line A-A in Fig. 1;

[Figure 3]
An enlarged longitudinal sectional front view taken along line B-B in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a simplified longitudinal sectional side view of a conventional shield excavator.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Shield excavator 2a Frontmost skin plate part 2b Rearmost skin plate part 2c~2f Intermediate skin plate part 3 Excavation mechanism 4 Front propulsion jack 9 Shield operation panel 11 Hydraulic unit 12 Control equipment 13 Rear propulsion jack 14 Erector S　Lining segment

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim 1: A skin plate is divided into a front-most skin plate part and a rearmost skin plate part, and a plurality of intermediate skin plate bodies in which various equipment necessary for excavation are arranged between these two skin plates are connected to each other. They are connected in a bendable manner, and the frontmost skin plate section is equipped with an excavation mechanism and a front propulsion jack, while the rearmost skin plate section is equipped with a rear propulsion jack and an erector. The fitting length between the rear end portion and the front end portion of the intermediate skin plate body fitted slidably in the longitudinal direction to the rear end portion is approximately equal to the segment assembly dimension for one ring, and the rear side A shield excavator characterized in that the extension speed of the propulsion jack is configured to be greater than the propulsion speed of the frontmost skin plate section.