JPH04259785A - Variable capacity sheet-shaped heating element and manufacture of the same sheet-shaped heating element - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To see that the overall heating capacity of a sheet-shaped heating element can be varied freely by dividing a heating sheet in a plurality of sheet pieces, and changing the heating capacity of each sheet piece. CONSTITUTION:Band-shaped electrodes 5 and 6 are provided a little to both ends of a heating sheet 2, which constitutes a sheet-shaped heating element 1, and only this electrode on one side extends in the longitudinal direction, and it is constituted having a loop type electrode, which is provided with a long through hole 8 united with the heating sheet 2 at the bottom, and the heating sheet 2 is divided including one part of the electrode as well, and these insulated divided sheets in groups are connected electrically in series or in parallel. By changing the size of each sheet piece and the connection between each sheet piece as series and parallel, the heating capacity of the sheet-shaped heating element can be controlled to change extensively.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Field of Industrial Application] This invention relates to a variable capacity sheet heating element and a method for manufacturing the sheet heating element. The present invention relates to a variable capacity sheet-like heating element that can be varied over a wide range without changing the area, voltage, etc., and a method for manufacturing the sheet-like heating element. Its uses are wide-ranging, such as floor heating, wall heating, freezing in the house, dew condensation prevention, kitchen mats,
It can be used in various fields such as thermal sheets, industrial tanks, heat insulation for pipes, etc.

0002

[Prior Art] Conventionally, as a surface heating element, a conductor made of powder such as silver, copper, nickel, carbon, or carbon fiber is mixed into a connecting base material such as paint, synthetic resin, paper, or ceramics. A sheet-like heating element made by processing this into a planar shape is known. However, in conventional sheet-shaped heating elements, it is difficult to mix conductivity and adjust the mixing ratio of mixed materials in order to diversify resistance values, and it is difficult to obtain sheet-shaped heating elements with desired heat generation capacity. It was difficult to control the temperature of the sheet-shaped heating element.

[0003] As a surface heating element whose temperature can be controlled relatively easily,
There are heaters that use nichrome wire as a resistance heating element. This surface heating element using nichrome wire requires the use of a voltage regulator and an expensive temperature regulator, which is one of the bottlenecks in terms of miniaturization, weight reduction, and cost of the heater itself. existed.

[0004] In comparing the sheet heating element as a surface heating element with a heater using nichrome wire, the sheet heating element is certainly superior in terms of energy saving in terms of thermal efficiency, but the sheet heating element is superior in terms of energy saving. With heating elements, it is often difficult to obtain a desired heat generating capacity relatively easily.

[0005]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The structure of the sheet-like heating element as a planar heating element is one in which a conductive substance is mixed into a connecting base material such as a heat-resistant synthetic resin, and this is processed into a planar shape. Alternatively, there is a method in which a conductive substance is mixed into paint and then sprayed or painted on the surface of a sheet-like base material in the form of a film, and both negative and negative connection terminals are installed at both ends of this sheet member. This is connected to a power source, and this surface heating element is used as a heating and heat insulating body.

[0006] In order to obtain heaters with various capacities and resistance values using a sheet-like heating element of the same area in accordance with the various demands of users, it is necessary to change the composition and mixing of conductive materials and their mixing ratio. It is time-consuming and difficult to fully meet the demands of users, and it is difficult to adjust the heating capacity of the surface heating element, making it impossible to achieve the mass production effect of producing a large number of products of the same standard. , products tended to be naturally expensive.

[0007] In this invention, a heat generating sheet constituting a sheet-like heating element is constituted by a plurality of insulated divided sheet pieces, the size of the divided sheet pieces is changed, and the sheet pieces are arranged in series or in parallel. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sheet-like heating element whose heat generating capacity can be freely controlled by changing the connection of the sheet-like heating element, and a method for manufacturing the sheet-like heating element.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the configuration of the variable capacity sheet heating element according to the present invention is as follows:
Strip-shaped electrodes that can cover the entire width of the sheet are provided near both ends of the heat-generating sheet as an electrical resistance material, and at least the - side electrode extends in the longitudinal direction of the electrode, and the heat-generating sheet on the bottom side extends in the longitudinal direction of the electrode. A loop-shaped electrode is formed by the long through hole that is integrated with the electrode. The heating sheet part is divided into parts including a part of the band-shaped electrode parts, and the divided sheet pieces, which are electrically insulated from each other, are electrically connected in series or in parallel.

[0009] Furthermore, the method of manufacturing a variable capacity sheet-like heating element according to the present invention has a structure in which a pair of band-shaped electrodes capable of covering the entire width of the sheet are attached near both ends of a heating sheet as an electrically resistive material, Among these electrodes, at least the negative side electrode is a loop-shaped electrode having a long through hole extending in the longitudinal direction integrated with the heat generating sheet on the lower surface. In the sheet-like heating element having the above structure, the heating sheet part is divided into a plurality of sheet pieces using a cutter, including a part of the electrode part, and these sheet pieces are fixed with insulating tape. It is characterized by electrically connecting groups in series or parallel.

0010

[Operation] One of the main constituent parts of this invention is to cut a heating sheet constituting one sheet-like heating element with electrode parts attached to both ends thereof to form a group of divided sheet pieces. By appropriately combining and changing these sheet pieces groups with parallel connections that increase the heat generation capacity and series connections that decrease the heat generation capacity, it is possible to further increase the heat generation surface, that is, the area of the sheet pieces that is in a relative relationship with the heat generation capacity of the divided sheet pieces. By freely changing the surface by a dividing operation, the heat generating capacity of one sheet-like heating element can be freely and easily controlled over a wide range. In addition, the combination of partial division of the strip electrode and division of the heating sheet portion simplifies the connection wiring, and furthermore, the division grooves for dividing the heating sheet are made into a zigzag shape, and a modified division groove is adopted. This increases the separation distance, thereby increasing the resistance value of the heat generating sheet, thereby increasing the heat generation amount and control width of the sheet-like heat generating element.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Specific examples of the variable capacity sheet-like heating element and the method of manufacturing the heating element according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the figure, (1) is a sheet-like heating element, and the heating sheet (2) as an electrically resistive material is a conductive material (3),
For example, short fibers made of powders such as silver, copper, nickel, carbon, or carbon fibers are connected to the base material (4),
For example, it is mixed into paint, heat-resistant synthetic resin, paper, ceramic, glass fiber, etc., and then spread into a sheet.

Film-like strip-shaped electrodes (5) (6) having a thickness of approximately 50 μm, which corresponds to the width of the heat generating sheet (2), are provided at least near both opposing ends of the heat generating sheet (2).
) is pasted using a conductive adhesive or the like, and in particular, one side of the electrode, specifically the electrode (5), has a long length extending in the longitudinal direction of its center and integral with the heat generating sheet (2) on the bottom surface. Through hole (8
), the electrode (5) has a loop shape. Of the loop-shaped electrodes (5), a working route (5a) is formed by a strip-shaped route located in particular on the inner side of the heat generating sheet (2). As described above, both the front and back surfaces of the heat-generating sheet (2) provided with the electrodes (5) and (6) at both ends thereof are entirely covered with heat-resistant films (9) and (10).

[0013] The heat generating sheet (2) has both electrodes (5)
(6) While cutting the electrodes (5) and (6) as appropriate, form a plurality of divided sheet pieces with at least one dividing groove (11) several millimeters wide, and each divided sheet piece is the divided area of the heat generating sheet (2) by series and parallel combination connections using the positive and negative connection terminals (12) and (13) provided on the electrodes (5) and (6) left at both ends. , and by selecting and combining the connection modes of each divided sheet, the heat generating capacity of the heat generating sheet (2) can be varied widely. Then, if necessary, a laminate of a far-infrared radiation coating layer (17) is laminated on the surface of a heat sink (16) made of iron, copper, aluminum, etc. on the surface of the heat generating sheet (2).
(See FIG. 3) It is possible to achieve an average heat dissipation effect from the heat generating sheet surface.

Electrodes (5) (6) for the heat generating sheet (2)
) part to form a divided sheet piece (
11) is formed using a cutter knife etc.
In order to direct the accurate and simple cutting route of the dividing grooves (11), the heat-resistant film (9) covering the front side of the heat-generating sheet (2) or an independent film surface prepared separately. A dividing pattern in which a plurality of types of dividing lines or dividing surface areas are printed and displayed is prepared in advance to allow the selection of each change in heat generating capacity, and dividing grooves (11) are carved according to the instructions of this pattern. Also, the dividing groove (11) portion and the long through hole (8) of the loop electrode (5)
The part is covered with a piece of heat-resistant insulating film (14),
This prevents misalignment and accidental contact between each divided sheet piece, and ensures electrical insulation between each sheet piece.

[0015] Next, a specific example will be given of the change in heat generating capacity caused by the formation of the divided sheet by the dividing groove (11) and the arrangement combination of the plus and minus connection terminals (12) and (13) provided at both ends of the divided sheet. This will be explained in more detail using . For convenience, the maximum heat generating capacity of the heat generating sheet is set to 100 W, and the capital letters attached to each divided sheet surface indicate the parallel connection area of each divided sheet part, and the same lower case letters indicate the series connection area.

FIG. 4 shows a heat generating sheet (2) in which no cutting grooves (11) are carved, and the electrode (5) has a negative connection terminal (
13), by providing the positive connection terminal (12) on the electrode (6), the heat generating sheet (2) generates a maximum heat generating capacity of 100 W due to the heat generating surface of the parallel connection area (A).

FIG. 5 shows the same heat generating sheet (2) as shown in FIG. ,
The divided sheet can be made by dividing the electrode (6) and providing a negative connection terminal (13) on the left side divided electrode part of the electrode (6) and a positive connection terminal (12) on the right side divided electrode part of the electrode (6). The series connection (a) and (b) generates a heat generation capacity of 25W.

FIG. 6 shows the heat generating sheet (2) divided by two dividing grooves (11), that is, the left dividing groove (11a) also includes the working route (5a) of the electrode (5) and the electrode (6). The right side dividing groove (11b) divides only the working route (5a) of the electrode (5), and the dividing is stopped at the electrode (6) part, and the electrode between the dividing grooves (11a) and (11b) is divided. Connect the negative terminal (13) on the working route part (5a) of (5), the negative terminal (13) on the left side of the electrode (6), and the positive connection terminal (13) on the right side of the electrode (6). 12), the central divided sheet part becomes the parallel connection area (A), and the divided sheet parts on both sides become the series connection areas (a) and (b), making the parallel connection area (A) as wide as possible. By increasing the heat generating capacity, the heat generating sheet (2) approaches the maximum heat generating capacity of 100 W, and by making the series connection areas (a) and (b) as wide as possible, the heat generating capacity approaches 25 W.

In FIG. 7, the heat generating sheet (2) is divided into three dividing grooves (11), that is, the left groove (11a) is divided into electrodes (
The working route (5a) and the electrode (6) of 5) are also separated, the central groove (11c) originates from the electrode (5) and only the electrode (6) is separated, and the right groove (11b) is connected to the electrode (5).
Cut only the working route (5a), stop the cutting at the electrode (6) part, and connect the negative connection terminal (
13), the positive connection terminal (12) to the electrode (6) part of the right side divided sheet, and the dividing grooves (11a) and (11c).
Connect the negative terminal (13) to the electrode (6) of the divided sheet between
By providing a positive terminal (12) in each of the shared electrodes (6) in the remaining divided sheets, each divided sheet constituting the heat generating sheet (2) is connected to the parallel connection area (A) sequentially from the left side. , by making the series connection areas (a) and (b) and the right side divided sheet the parallel connection area (B), thereby making the parallel connection areas (A) and (B) as wide as possible.
The maximum heat generating capacity of the heat generating sheet approaches 100W, and on the contrary, by making the series connection areas (a) and (b) as wide as possible, the heat generating capacity of the heat generating sheet approaches 25W.

FIG. 8 shows the heating sheet (2) divided into five dividing grooves, that is, the left groove (11b) divides the working route (5a) of the electrode (5), and the electrode (6) part divides the working route (5a). The division is stopped, and the second division groove (11c) from the left side is generated from the electrode (5), and the electrode (6) is divided, and the above two types of division grooves (11b) and (11c) are alternated in the right direction. The electrodes (11b), (11c), and (11b) are located at both left and right ends and are shared by the two divided sheets.
6) By providing a positive connection terminal (12) and a negative connection terminal (13) in each part (6), series connection areas (a) and (b) can be created in the divided sheet parts at both left and right ends of the heat generating sheet (2). form. This series connection area (a) (
By widening b), the heat generating capacity of the heat generating sheet approaches 25W.

FIG. 9 shows a heat generating sheet (2) divided by nine dividing grooves (11), that is, an electrode (5) is placed in the center of the sheet.
The heat-generating sheet (2) is divided into two by a central dividing groove (11c) that emanates from the part and divides the electrode (6), and each divided sheet has divided sheet groups formed by symmetric dividing groove groups. be done. The work route (5a) of the electrode (5) is divided into two parts on the left side seat part, and the electrode (5) is separated from the working route (5a).
6) Two dividing grooves (11b) that stop at the (11b
) In between, there are two more dividing grooves (11d) (11d)
The two dividing grooves (11d) are continuous within the working route (5a) of the electrode (5), and the other end of the groove stops at the electrode (6). The same division form as described above is also implemented on the right side seat portion.

[0022] Of the electrode (6), a negative connection terminal (13) is attached to the left electrode part divided by the dividing groove (11c).
, the positive connection terminal (12) is attached to the right electrode part, and the working route between the pair of dividing grooves (11b) (11b) of the electrode (5) on the left half sheet of the heat generating sheet (2) which is divided into two. A positive terminal (12) is attached to the part (5a), and a pair of dividing grooves (11b) (1) are attached to the electrode (5) on the right half sheet.
The negative terminal (1b) is connected to the working route (5a) between
3), and a pair of dividing grooves (11d) are provided in each of the pair of left and right half sheet parts that divide the heat generating sheet (2) into two.
By connecting the work route (5a) located between (11d), the heat generating sheet (2) is sequentially connected to the series connection area (a), parallel connection area (A), and (c) for each divided sheet group. (
Each connection area of B) (e) (f) (C) (d) (D) (b) is formed, and the heat generating sheet ( The heat generation capacity of 2) approaches 100W, and on the contrary, the series connection area (a) (c) (e) (f) (d
) (b) The heat generating capacity of the heat generating sheet (2) approaches 25W due to the widening of the area.

FIG. 10 shows a heat generating sheet (2) whose heat generating capacity is increased by adding electrodes. Between a pair of strip electrodes (5) and (6), there is a third strip electrode (15) that covers the entire width of the sheet.
Further, a long through hole (8) is provided for each electrode. Then, the heat generating sheet (2) is divided into ten division grooves (11), that is, at the center of the heat generating sheet (2), the heat is emitted from the electrodes (5) and (6) at both ends, and the middle electrode (15) The heat-generating sheet (2) is divided into two by the dividing grooves (11e) (11e), and the work route (5a) of the electrode (5) is divided into the left half sheet of the divided left half sheet, and the intermediate electrode ( 15) and two dividing grooves (11f) (11f) and an electrode (6
) is divided into four dividing grooves (11f) (11f) (11g) (11g), two dividing grooves (11g) (11g) that reach the intermediate electrode (15). Six-sided divided sheet pieces are formed on the left half sheet. Similarly, there are four dividing grooves on the right side seat (
11f) (11f) (11g) (11g) to form six-sided divided sheet pieces.

[0024] Among the left half sheets of the heat generating sheet (2),
Connect the positive terminal (12) on the working route (5a) of the electrode (5) located between the dividing grooves (11f) (11f), and the positive terminal (12) on the electrode (6) located between the dividing grooves (11g) (11g). (12) and a negative terminal (13) on the electrode (15). In addition, on the right half sheet of the heat generating sheet (2), connect the negative terminal (13) on the working route (5a) of the electrode (5) between the dividing grooves (11f) (11g) ( There is a negative terminal (11g) on the working route (6a) of the electrode (6) between
3), and the positive terminal (12) on the electrode (15).
are provided respectively. Divided grooves (11f) (11f) and (1
Parallel connection area (A) (B) (C) between 1g) (11g)
(D) is formed, and the remaining divided sheet pieces form series connection areas (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), and (h). By adding one intermediate electrode (15) between the pair of electrodes (5) and (6), the heat generating capacity is increased to 4 times, that is, the maximum heat generating capacity is 400 W, and by adding two intermediate electrodes, the heat generating capacity is increased to 16 times. of heat generation capacity can be obtained.

In each of the embodiments described above, the dividing grooves (11) have all been explained using linear dividing grooves, but these dividing grooves can be replaced with zigzag dividing grooves. . That is, FIG. 11 shows a heat generating sheet (2) similar to that shown in FIG.
That is, the dividing groove on the left is an example of folding using a rectangular nested dividing groove (21a) that also divides the working route (5a) of the electrode (5) and the electrode (6), while the dividing groove on the right The dividing groove divides the working route (5a) of the electrode (5), and the triangular nested dividing groove (
This is an example of folding using 21b). In addition, the connection terminal (12
) (13), series (a), (b), parallel (A) connection areas, etc. are as described in FIG. 6, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted. By adopting the zigzag-shaped divided grooves (21a) (21b) illustrated here, the resistance value between each divided sheet piece increases, which further increases the control range of the heat generation capacity of the sheet-shaped heating element itself, and the heat generation The amount can be controlled more freely.

[0026]

[Effects of the Invention] The variable capacity sheet-like heating element according to the present invention can be electrically connected in series or in parallel by adjusting the size of a plurality of divided sheet pieces, or by connecting these sheet pieces in series or in parallel. By changing the sheet-shaped heating element, the heating range can be changed over a wide area and the heating capacity of the sheet can be easily changed without installing any voltage regulator or expensive temperature controller. Furthermore, by adopting a zigzag-shaped deformed groove shape for the dividing grooves for dividing the heat generating sheet, it is possible to expand the control range of the resistance value and to achieve an even heat distribution. In addition, this sheet-like heating element has a simple structure and has great potential for mass production, making it possible to provide products at low prices.

Furthermore, since this sheet-like heating element itself is thin, small, and lightweight, there are few restrictions on the mounting and installation location, and narrow spaces such as walls can be actively utilized. In addition, this invention makes it possible to realize a wide range of changes in heat generating capacity by dividing the heat generating sheet, and by partially dividing the strip electrodes and the heat generating sheet, it is possible to omit connection wiring for each electrode. You can remove the hassle. In addition, this invention can easily divide a single heat-generating sheet into smaller sheets using a cutter knife, etc., so it can respond to a wide range of user requests in this respect, and the heat-generating capacity desired by each user. heaters can be easily obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a sheet-like heating element embodying the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 2 showing another embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a heat generating sheet without dividing grooves.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a heat generating sheet in which divided sheet pieces are formed by dividing grooves.

FIG. 6 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 5 showing another embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 5 showing still another embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 5 showing still another embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 5 showing still another embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 5 showing still another embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 6 showing another embodiment regarding dividing grooves.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Sheet-like heating element 2 Heat generating sheet 3 Conductive material 4 Connecting base material 5 Strip electrode 5a Work route 6　　　Strip electrode 8 Long through hole 11 Parting groove 12 Positive connection terminal 13 Negative connection terminal 14 Heat resistant film piece 15　Strip electrode 16 Heat sink 17 Far infrared radiation coating layer 21 Parting groove

Claims (9)

[Claims] Claim 1: Strip-shaped electrodes capable of covering the entire width of the sheet are provided near both ends of a heat-generating sheet constituting a sheet-like heating element, and at least the negative side electrode extends in the longitudinal direction and is integrated with the bottom heat-generating sheet. The heat-generating sheet is constructed with a loop-shaped electrode provided with a long through hole, and the heat-generating sheet is divided between the electrode portions of the heat-generating sheet portion by dividing grooves, including a part of the band-shaped electrode portion, so as to be electrically insulated from each other. A variable capacity sheet heating element made by connecting a group of treated sheet pieces in series or parallel. 2. The variable capacity sheet heating element according to claim 1, wherein the dividing grooves dividing the heating sheet have a zigzag shape. 3. The variable capacity sheet-like heating element according to claim 1, wherein a heat dissipating plate coated with a far-infrared radiation layer is layered on the surface of the heat generating sheet. 4. Strip-shaped electrodes capable of covering the entire width of the sheet are provided near both ends of the heat-generating sheet constituting the sheet-shaped heating element, and further, at least one strip-shaped electrode is interposed between the pair of strip-shaped electrodes, At least one of the strip-shaped electrodes is constituted by a loop-shaped electrode extending in the longitudinal direction and provided with a long through hole that is integrated with the heat-generating sheet on the lower surface. A variable capacitance sheet-like heating element made by connecting in series or parallel a group of sheet pieces that are electrically insulated from each other by being divided by dividing grooves including a part of the electrode part. 5. The variable capacity sheet-like heating element according to claim 4, wherein the dividing grooves dividing the heating sheet have a zigzag shape. 6. Claim 4 or 5, wherein a heat dissipating plate coated with a far-infrared radiation layer is layered on the surface of the heat generating sheet.
variable capacity sheet heating element. 7. A pair of band-shaped electrodes are attached near both ends of the heat generating sheet, and at least the negative side electrode is provided with a long through hole extending in the longitudinal direction of the electrode and integrated with the heat generating sheet on the lower surface. A sheet-shaped heating element is constructed with a loop-shaped electrode, and the heating sheet part is partially included in the band-shaped electrode part, and the heating sheet is divided into a plurality of sheet piece groups using a cutter knife, etc., and the divided sheet piece groups are separated. A method for manufacturing a variable capacity sheet-like heating element by fixing the sheets with insulating tape and electrically connecting groups of these sheet pieces in series or parallel. 8. The method of manufacturing a variable capacity sheet-like heat generating element according to claim 7, wherein the step of dividing the heat generating sheet is performed by using zigzag dividing grooves in the heat generating sheet. 9. The work of dividing the heat generating sheet into a plurality of sheet pieces is performed by using a film having a cutting pattern indicated by a line and area indicating which generates a desired heat generating capacity on the film surface covering the heat generating sheet surface. The method for manufacturing a variable capacity sheet-like heating element according to claim 8 or 9.