JPH0420408Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (1) Field of industrial application The present invention relates to an improvement of a so-called cephalometric imaging device that takes standard X-ray photographs of the head, which are used in the field of dentistry to study cranial development and orthodontic diagnosis.

(2) Prior art A conventional cephalometric imaging device has two X-ray sources placed at a distance of 150 cm behind the patient's head and on the left or right side of the patient's head. Two cassettes each containing an X-ray film are held in a cassette holder, facing each other at a position 15 cm from the head.
Standard photos of the front and side (hereinafter referred to as cephalopods) are usually taken. In conventional devices that load two cassettes into their respective cassette holders and take images selectively, when taking images of either the front or side, the cassette is placed in one cassette holder to prevent interference of scattered X-rays with the other cassette. It is necessary to remove it from the cassette holder or attach an X-ray shielding plate. For example, when a frontal side-effect image has been taken and a side-side image is to be taken, the frontal cassette must be immediately removed, or the cassette holder must be rotated about 180 degrees to move it away. These extra operations such as attaching and detaching the cassette and rotating the holder to prevent the interference of scattered X-rays not only reduce work efficiency and prolong the patient's restraint time, but also cause the cassette holder to vibrate as the cassette is attached and detached. The disadvantage was that the image was blurred, resulting in a cephalogram with low diagnostic ability. In order to eliminate these drawbacks and dramatically improve work efficiency, the authors devised a utility model "head X-ray standard photography device" which was filed for registration on May 20, 1985. Instead of a cassette and cassette holder, it stores a large number of X-ray films and automatically
A single cassette telegraph device (commonly called a film changer) that transports the linear film to the imaging position and sends it out after imaging is placed at the intersection of the cephalic reference line that connects the patient's external auditory foramina and the median sagittal plane. Rotate around the vertical line as the center of rotation,
A rotary positioning device is provided for selectively positioning the camera at the front and side photographing positions. Therefore, this device not only completely eliminates all the drawbacks caused by the use of a cassette and cassette holder, but also allows highly efficient self-image shooting with a high-quality screen free of blur. However, this device still requires two expensive X-ray tube devices, and the problem remains that the device is expensive. In recent years, there has been a strong demand in the dental medical field for the realization of an inexpensive cephalometric imaging device that skillfully incorporates a cassette-less imaging device.

(3) Purpose This idea was made in view of the above-mentioned current situation, and it solves the drawbacks of the conventional equipment that uses X-ray film in a cassette, and also replaces the conventional equipment with two X-ray tubes with one. To provide an inexpensive cephalometric imaging device capable of rapidly photographing any number of front and side cephalometric images without removing the base, capable of obtaining cephalometric images with high diagnostic ability with extremely high efficiency through easy operation.

(4) Configuration The first difference in the configuration of the cephalometric imaging device according to this invention from conventional devices is that it accommodates a large number of X-ray films and automatically feeds them one after another to the imaging position of the device and replaces them. One cassette-less quick-shooting device has been replaced with the conventional cassette and cassette holder.The second point is that the conventional two X-ray sources have been reduced to one, and this and the above-mentioned cassette-less quick-shooting device can be used to perform a pair of images. The third point is that the center of rotation is the vertical line at the intersection of the cephalometric reference line connecting the external auditory foramina of the subject sitting on a chair and the median sagittal plane, and the support arm A rotating positioning mechanism is provided which rotates either the integrated imaging system or the chair on which the subject sits by a predetermined angle, and selectively positions the camera at the front and side imaging positions. Needless to say, when the chair is rotated, it is not necessary to integrate the pair of photographing systems with an arm, and each is fixed to the floor.

(5) Examples Examples of this invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a side view of the first embodiment of this invention, that is, a cephalometric imaging device in which the patient's chair is equipped with a rotating positioning mechanism, and Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof (however, the orientation of the patient is 1), and both have an X-ray tube device 1 having a focal point X at a predetermined distance in the direction of arrow a, but illustration thereof is omitted. This device consists of an X-ray tube device 1 (not shown), a cassette telephoto copying device 2 (hereinafter referred to as a film changer) disposed opposite to the X-ray tube device 1, and a position normally 15 cm away from an X-ray film 3 in the film changer. The test subject chair 6 is equipped with a head fixing device 5 for fixing the head of the subject sitting on the chair so that a fixed point P of the head 4H of the subject 4 is positioned at the subject 4. Both 1 and 2 above are connected to the floor surface 8 via the support 7.
It has a vertical position adjustment mechanism 9 at the upper end of the support column, and aligns the X-ray focal point , the X-ray film surface of the film chainer 2 is aligned at a predetermined position. The film changer 2 stores, for example, 50 x-ray films and 50 x 4-slices of X-ray film in a supply magazine, selects them according to the purpose of imaging, automatically transports them, and performs the imaging indicated by the dotted line in 3 above. This is a device that can continuously take quick shots by feeding the film into a shooting position, transporting the film to a receiving magazine after shooting, and replacing the film at the shooting position, but it is a well-known device and its details will be omitted. The above-mentioned constant point P of the head 4H is the intersection of the cephalometric reference line 11 connecting the pair of ear rods 10 shown in FIG. The center is located on the vertical lines L and P of the intersection P. The center of rotation L, P of the chair 6, that is, the intersection point P, is 150 cm from the focal point X, and the X-ray film 3
Place the pedestal 1 in a position that maintains the specified distance of 15cm from the
4 is fixed to the floor using several fastening members 15 or other means, and can be raised and lowered by a foot switch 16 according to the sitting height of the subject 4. Further, the head fixation device 5 described above is mounted on the pedestal 1.
4, it is provided on a support 19 attached to an arm 18 connected to a cylinder cover 17 which is rotatably engaged with the cylinder cover 17. The cylinder cover 17 is a cylinder 2 of an electric hydraulic pump, for example, which raises and lowers a piston 20 by operating the foot switch 16.
2, it is rotatable, but regardless of whether the chair 6 is raised or lowered, the specified height h of the earlot 10 remains unchanged. Above pedestal 1
4 and the cylinder cover 17, the chair 6 rotates smoothly and lightly about the intersection P as the center of rotation. Frontal cephalophotography positions P, F shown in Fig. 1,
Clutch type rotary positioning mechanism of the first embodiment device that selectively positions and fixes the head 4H to right side cephalometric imaging positions P, S or 45° oblique lateral lateral imaging positions P, O shown in FIG. 24 will be explained with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of the positioning mechanism 24 provided at a part of the periphery of the pedestal 14.
A clutch plate 26 is connected to the directly connected shaft 25 of the cylinder 22 shown in the figure and is integrated with the cylinder 22.
Corresponding to the above P・F, P・O, P・F on the periphery of
Notches 27 are provided that are out of phase by 45 degrees. On the other hand, a spring cylinder 29 is provided on the fixed base plate 28 connected to the pedestal 14, and the elastic force of the spring 30 contained in the spring cylinder 29 pushes down the piston 31, and the pin 32 at the tip is pressed against the clutch plate 26, and the notch 27 When the chair 6 reaches the position P and F, the chair 6 is fixed in position. Next, when switching to the P and S positions, the operator steps on the petal 33.
The operating arm 35, which is pivotally supported on the fulcrum 34, pushes up the piston 31 against the elastic force of the spring 30,
When the restraint of the clutch plate 26 is released and the surgeon rotates the chair by approximately 70 to 80 degrees, if the operator removes his foot from the petal 33, the chair continues to rotate due to inertia as described above, and the notch 27 When it reaches , it stops at the specified 90° position and is fixed. The above is the configuration and operation of the clutch-type rotation positioning mechanism 24, which involves manual operation by the operator.
If 6 is replaced with a friction roller and this is driven by a pulse motor, a mechanism that fully automates rotation and positioning operations can be obtained, but illustration thereof is omitted.

Next, based on Figures 4 and 5, we will explain the second part of this invention.
A description will now be given of an embodiment of the apparatus, that is, a two-way imaging apparatus in which an imaging system integrated by an arm is rotated and positioned by a motor drive. Figure 4 is a side view, Figure 5
The figure is a plan view of the ceiling-mounted arm rotation mechanism viewed from below, and the explanations of the same symbols as in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be simplified or omitted in the figure. The X-ray tube device 1, which is suspended from one end of one support arm 40 via a support 41, directs its focal point 10
The adjustment mechanism 42 provided at the lower end of the support properly adjusts the height h of the cephalometric reference line from the floor surface 8 connecting the two. The distance L between the focal point X and the above-mentioned cephalometric reference line is usually 150 cm. Support arm 40
At the other end, for example, a film changer 2 is held via an L-shaped support 43 with its film surface 3 maintained at a distance of usually 15 cm from the above-mentioned cephalometric reference line, and a height adjustment mechanism 44 is used to adjust the height of the film 3. Xc, which adjusts the position of the X-ray image to the optimum position, is the central axis of X-ray radiation. The support arm 40, which integrates the pair of photographing systems 1 and 2 in this way, is attached to the ceiling by an arm rotation mechanism 45 as shown in FIG. The structure of the arm rotation mechanism 45 is described in detail in the specification of the "head X-ray standard photographing device" of the earlier application, so a detailed explanation will be omitted, but it is similar to the cephalometric reference line 11 and the midsagittal plane shown in FIG. One main shaft 47 is installed on the rotating board 48 on the vertical line L, P of the intersection point P with 12, and a ball bearing is provided on this to rotatably support the arm 40. A caster arm 49 is provided protruding from the side supporting the film chain engine, and a pair of casters 50 are also provided on this, and one caster 51 is provided at a symmetrical position to the arm 40.
is provided to balance the load on the shaft 47. Further, in order to drive the arms to rotate in the directions indicated by arrows b and b', the motor 53 in the drive unit 52 presses and rotates the friction ring 54 against the outer periphery of the substrate, thereby rotating the arm by 90° in about 5 seconds, and making two points. 40' indicated by a chain line indicates a rotated arm. Note that rotation stopping and positioning at P, F, P, and S are performed by providing sensors such as microswitches on the four internal wall surfaces that the arm contacts, for example, 55b and 55d. Furthermore, the motor 5
3 is a speed control type, and by appropriately controlling starting, rotation, and stopping, P・F, P・O,
Rotating and positioning P and S to their respective shooting positions.
This can be done smoothly and easily without giving any shock or vibration to the film changer or X-ray tube device. The chair 6' used in this apparatus may have only a lifting function and can accommodate individual differences in the sitting height of the subject. The above is an explanation of the first and second embodiments of this invention.In the first embodiment of the chair rotation type, if the fully automatic rotation positioning mechanism as described above is used, the operator can There is no need to enter the shooting room except for positioning.
For the second rotation type imaging system, a device in which the arm rotates on the floor is also considered, and compared to the ceiling type, there is no need to suspend heavy objects and it can be manufactured at a lower cost, but on the other hand, it takes up a lot of space in the treatment room. This increases the size of the arm, and there are problems such as the floor surface within the range of arm rotation being unable to be used effectively as with the ceiling type. Furthermore, the direction of rotation is not limited to that shown in the diagram.
There is also a device designed to take pictures of the front and left side faces.

(6) Effects This idea is structured as above, so
In addition to solving the shortcomings and problems of conventional cephalometric imaging equipment that uses a cassette, it also replaces the conventional two pairs of imaging systems or two X-ray sources with one imaging system,
It is possible to provide an inexpensive device that is capable of rapidly photographing any number of cephalometric images of the side or 45° oblique side, and that is easy to operate, free from blurring, and capable of highly efficient cephalometric imaging with high diagnostic accuracy. It is.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side view of a cephalometric imaging device according to the first embodiment of this invention (however, the X-ray tube device is not shown), and Fig. 2 is a plan view of the device (also the X-ray tube device is not shown). 3 is a side view (partial cross section) for explaining the clutch-type rotation positioning mechanism of the above device, FIG. 4 is a side view of a cephalometric imaging device according to the second embodiment of this invention, and The figure is a plan view of the rotating mechanism of the above device viewed from below (the photographing system is not shown). 1...X-ray tube device, …
...Head fixation device, 6,6'...Subject chair, 1
1...Reference line connecting both external auditory foramina (cepharo reference line),
12... Median sagittal plane, P... Intersection of above 11 and 12, L, P... Perpendicular line of above P, P, F...
Front cephalometric photography position, P, S... Side cephalometric photography position, P, O... 45° oblique lateral cephalometric photography position, 24... Clutch type rotation positioning mechanism for chair, 40... Imaging system support arm, 45 ...Arm rotation mechanism, 47...Rotation mechanism main shaft.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] 1. A head fixation device that fixes the subject's head in a specified position, and imaging in which the distances between the head and the X-ray film and between the head and the X-ray focal point are constant. In the apparatus, a cassette-less quick-shooting device for automatically feeding the X-ray film to the photographing position and exchanging the X-ray film is provided opposite to the X-ray focal point, and A pair of systems are formed, and the pair of imaging systems and the patient's chair are rotated about the vertical line at the intersection of the median sagittal plane and the reference line connecting both external auditory canals of the patient sitting on a chair. 1. A cranial X-ray standard photographing device, characterized in that it is provided with a rotational positioning mechanism that rotates the two parts relative to each other by a predetermined angle and selectively positions the front and side images at respective imaging positions. 2. The cranial X-ray standard photography device according to claim 1, wherein the rotational positioning mechanism rotates the patient chair. 3. The head X according to claim 1, in which the rotational positioning mechanism rotates a pair of imaging systems integrated by a support arm.
Line standard photography device.