JPH0419906B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for dispersing particles, fluid, etc., for uniformly dispersing materials such as particles, liquid, etc. inside a cylindrical container. be.

[Prior art and its problems]

For example, in steel mills, coke is spread as a heat insulator on the top surface of hot metal received in a cylindrical hot metal ladle. This coke must be spread evenly so that a coke layer of a certain thickness is formed on the top of the hot metal, but in the past, this work was not mechanized and relied on manual labor. For this reason, not only was it difficult to uniformly spread the coke, but there were also problems in that the work efficiency was poor and the labor burden on the workers was large, and there were also problems in terms of safety and environmental hygiene.

The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to spread coke evenly and quickly over hot metal in a hot metal ladle, and it is also possible to fill the reaction tank with various materials such as adsorbents and ion exchange resins. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for dispersing granules, liquids, etc. that can be widely applied to uniformly dispersing various liquid materials, charging powder and granules into silos, etc.

[Means for solving problems]

The method of the present invention is a method for dispersing granules, liquids, etc., which uniformly disperses materials such as granules, liquids, etc.
While rotating the scattering plate in the horizontal direction at a constant speed around the center, the scattering plate is formed in a spiral shape, with the inner peripheral edge starting from the longest distance from the center in the plan view and making approximately one rotation to reach the center. The above-mentioned material is quantitatively dropped and supplied onto the outer circumference of the scattering plate, and the above-mentioned material is caused to flow down from the inner circumference of the scattering plate to be spread. A material supply device that drops the material quantitatively is installed, and below the material supply device,
The inner peripheral edge is formed in a spiral shape starting from the longest distance from the center in the plan view and making approximately one revolution to reach the center, and the material dropped from the material supply device is received at the upper part from the inner peripheral edge. A dispersion plate is disposed to allow the spray to flow down, and a rotating means is attached to the dispersion plate to rotate the dispersion plate horizontally at a constant speed about its center.

The plan view shape of the inner peripheral edge of the scattering plate is as follows:
The shape of the inner peripheral edge formed on a plane by projecting the scattering plate from an upward point at infinity,
This is the shape of the inner peripheral edge of the scattering plate shown in a commonly-used plan view.

[Effect]

In the above configuration, the granules are supplied from the material supply device;
When a material such as a liquid is dropped quantitatively, the material falls onto the outer periphery of the spreading plate, moves from the outer periphery to the inner periphery, flows down from the inner periphery, and falls onto the surface to be sprayed. However, the plan view of the inner peripheral edge of the scattering plate has a spiral shape starting from the longest distance from the center and making approximately one revolution to reach the center, and it can be rotated horizontally around the center by rotating means. Since it is rotated at a constant speed, the material falls evenly distributed over the entire circular spread surface whose radius is the longest distance from the center of the spread plate.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

In the figure, numeral 1 is a cylindrical container such as a hot metal pot containing hot metal, and the top thereof is open. The spreading device according to the present invention uniformly spreads granular material A such as coke onto a circular spread surface 2 such as the upper surface of hot metal inside the container 1, and is designed to uniformly spread granular material A such as coke on a circular surface 2 to be spread, such as the upper surface of hot metal inside the container 1. It is fixedly installed on the floor 3 of the floor, and is supplied from the material supply device 4 while being rotated in the horizontal direction by a material supply device 4 which quantitatively drops and supplies the granular material A, and a rotating means 5. It is mainly composed of a scattering plate 6 which receives the granular material A at the upper part, causes it to flow down from the inner peripheral edge, and scatters it onto the above-mentioned surface 2 to be spread.

The material supply device 4 has an inverted conical shape on the lower side, and is supported by a plurality of support columns 7a so that its center line is coaxial with the axis of the container 1 (vertical axis passing through the center of the surface to be spread 2). A large-capacity storage hopper 7 installed on the floor 3 has an inverted conical shape on the lower side, and is suspended by a plurality of supporting members 8a coaxially with the lower part of the storage hopper 7. It consists of a small capacity weighing hopper 8. and,
A rotary discharge device 9 is provided at the lower outlet of the storage hopper 7, and the weighing hopper 8
A damper 10 that is opened and closed by a cylinder 10a is provided at the lower discharge port of the weighing hopper 8, and each load cell 1 is provided in the middle of each support member 8a of the weighing hopper 8.
1 is interposed, and these load cells 1
1 allows a fixed amount of granular material A to be taken out from the storage hopper 7 into the weighing hopper 8. Further, in the lower part of the weighing hopper 8, there is a guide chute 12 having an inverted conical shape on the upper side and a vertical cylindrical shape on the lower side. It is fixedly attached by a plurality of brackets 12a facing the discharge port of the weighing hopper 8, and the guide chute 12
is inserted into a circular opening 3a formed on the floor 3 above the container 1.

On the other hand, the rotation means 5 rotates through the opening 3 of the floor 3.
It is provided in a. That is, the opening 3 in the floor 3
A is fixedly provided with an annular support 13 having a predetermined width and coaxial with the container 1.
A circular rail 14 is laid on the upper inner peripheral edge of the rail. An annular rotary table 15 is mounted on the rail 14, and a plurality of support wheels 16 are mounted on the rail 14, coaxially with the container 1, surrounding the weighing hopper 8, and mounted on the lower surface at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction. 14
It is rotatably supported by being rotatably placed on the top. Further, a roller chain 17 is wound around and fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotary table 15 in the circumferential direction, while a sprocket 18 meshed with the roller chain 17 is mounted on the upper part of the support base 13. A drive device 19 is provided, and the rotary table 15 is rotated at a constant speed in the circumferential direction by the operation of the drive device 19. The scattering plate 6 is provided on the inner periphery of the lower surface of the rotary table 15 via a plurality of hanging rods 20 .

In the above-mentioned scattering plate 6, the plan view shape of the inner peripheral edge 6a has a center O on the axis of the container 1, that is, the vertical axis passing through the center of the surface to be sprayed 2, r=r ₀ √1−(2) ...... However, r and θ are variables of polar coordinates, and r ₀ is a plate defined by a spiral curve that satisfies the longest distance from the center O in the plan view of the scattering plate, with the center O as the top and downward. It has an inverted conical shape that gradually decreases in diameter,
A cylindrical guide plate 6b is provided on the outer peripheral edge of the circular shape having a slightly larger diameter in plan view than the surface 2 to be sprayed. Moreover, above the scattering plate 6,
A conical upper guide plate 21 whose lower edge has a slightly larger diameter than the spread surface 2 and a circular shape slightly smaller than the outer peripheral edge of the scattering plate 6 has its center (top) connected to the spread surface 2. The upper guide plate 21 and the scattering plate are positioned on a vertical axis passing through the center of the upper guide plate 21, and the lower edge is arranged with a gap between the cylindrical inner surface of the guide plate 6b and the upper surface of the outer peripheral part of the scattering plate 6. 6 and the guide plate 6b are connected to each other by a plurality of connecting plates 22 that are connected to the lower end of the hanging rod 20 and also serve as guide plates. Note that 23 in the figure is a cylindrical hood.

Here, the above equation will be explained in detail.

First, when granules A are evenly dropped on the periphery of an inverted conical slope C with an opening at the center, the granules A will move along its generatrix from the periphery of the slope C toward the opening at the center. It flows down along the road and falls.
The inner peripheral edge (the opening edge at the center) of such an inverted conical inclined surface C is formed so that its plan view shape is spiral as shown in FIG. 3a. In this inverted conical inclined surface C having a spiral inner peripheral edge, consider two arbitrary inclined surfaces T ₁ and T ₂ having the same central angle θa as shown in FIG. 3b. The center O (center of the inverted cone) of these inclined surfaces T ₁ and T ₂
As shown in Fig. 3b, the maximum and minimum distances from to the inner peripheral edge are r 1 and r ₁ for the inclined surface T ₁ ,
r ₂ , and r ₃ and r ₄ for the inclined surface T ₂ . When the granular material A is quantitatively dropped onto the outer periphery of each of the inclined surfaces T ₁ and T ₂ while rotating the inclined surfaces T 1 and T 2 once at a constant speed in the horizontal direction about the center O, the granular material A is
At T ₁ , the inner periphery from distance r ₁ to r ₂ , sloped surface T ₂
In this case, it falls through the inner peripheral edge portions from distance r ₃ to r ₄ respectively. Here, since both the inclined surfaces T ₁ and T ₂ have the same central angle θa, the amount of granular material A falling from the inner peripheral edge of the corner is the same, and the area from the inclined surface T ₁ is π(r ₁ ² -r ₂ ² ), and the granular bands A are scattered from the inclined surface T ₂ onto an annular zone having an area of π(r ₃ ² −r ₄ ² ). Therefore, if the shapes of the inner peripheral edges are determined so that the areas of these annular bands are equal to each other, the amount of the granular material A to be spread on these annular bands becomes uniform.

That is, in FIG. 4, the granular material A supplied onto the outer periphery of the slope T with the center angle θ falls from an arc P ₀ P, and the slope T rotates once around the center O at a constant speed. If the granules A are continuously supplied during this period, the granules A will be scattered in the annular zone between the longest radius r ₀ and the radius r. The area S of this annular zone is S = π(r ₀ ² - r ² ) ..., and the amount of granules A scattered on the area S of this annular zone and the slope T of the central angle θ is equal to the amount of granular material A that has flowed down along, so the longest radius
If the total area of the dispersion surface 2 formed by r ₀ is S ₀ , then θ/2π=S/S ₀ , that is, S=(θ/2π)S ₀ ... From these equations, (θ/ 2π) S ₀ = π(r ₀ ² − r ² ). By substituting the relational expression S ₀ =πr ² ... into this equation, r ² = r ² ₀ {1-(θ/2π)}, that is, r=r ₀ √1-(2) ... is obtained. Then, an inverted conical scattering plate 6 whose plan view shape of the inner peripheral edge is defined by this spiral curve.
According to the method, it is possible to uniformly spray the granules A over the entire surface 2 to be sprayed.

Furthermore, although it is ideal that the plan view shape of the inner peripheral edge of the scattering plate 6 is formed based on the above formula, it is actually difficult to create a spiral shape based on the formula. Therefore, the spiral shape can also be created using the following simple method without relying on the formula. That is, as shown in Figure 5,
First, divide a circle into n equal parts and draw dividing lines to form n fan shapes with equal areas. Next, draw dividing concentric circles that divide the above circle into n annular parts so that each area is equal. In other words, each annular zone divided into n on the above circle (one is a small circle)
The width of each ring band l ₁ , l ₂ , ..., ln (l ₁ < l ₂ <... < ln) so that the areas M ₁ , M ₂ , ..., Mn are equal to each other.
Determine and draw n-1 divided concentric circles. and,
Starting from the intersection of a certain dividing line of a circle and the outer periphery of the circle, the adjacent dividing line on the counterclockwise side of the dividing line in FIG. If you connect the intersection point, and then the intersection point of the adjacent dividing line on the counterclockwise side and the adjacent dividing concentric circle on the inner side of the dividing concentric circle, with a gentle curve, the above circle will be formed by turning 360 degrees from the starting point. A spiral curve R shown in FIG. 5 is obtained that reaches the center of . Also, if you connect each of the above intersection points with a straight line,
The spiral line segment R' shown in FIG. 5 is obtained. These spiral curves R or spiral line segments
Both R' are spiral-shaped approximate curves or line segments defined by the above formula, and the shape of the inner peripheral edge 6a of the scattering plate 6 can be determined using these.

Next, one embodiment of the method of the present invention will be described.

The method of the present invention is suitably carried out using the spraying device configured as described above. That is, in the spraying device configured as described above, first, a fixed amount of the granules A to be sprayed onto the surface 2 to be sprayed is taken out from the storage hopper 7 and stored in the weighing hopper 8. Next, the drive device 19 is activated to rotate the rotary table 15 in the circumferential direction around its axis, thereby moving the spreading plate 6 together with the upper guide plate 21 around the vertical axis passing through the center of the surface 2 to be spread. It is rotated at a constant speed in the horizontal direction as shown by the arrow in Figure 2. Simultaneously with the rotation of the scattering plate 6, the damper 10 is opened to quantitatively drop and supply the above-mentioned amount of the granular material A stored in the weighing hopper 8. Then, the granules A are supplied to the top of the upper guide plate 21 through the guide chute 12, are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction from the top, slide down, and fall onto the outer periphery of the scattering plate 6 from the lower edge of the outer periphery. Then, it further slides down the inclined surface of the scattering plate 6 and the inner peripheral edge 6
It falls from a and is sprayed onto the surface 2 to be sprayed. Here, the inner peripheral edge 6a of the scattering plate 6 has a spiral shape in plan view defined by the above formula, and the scattering plate 6 has a vertical axis passing through the center of the surface 2 to be spread. Since it is rotated at a constant speed in the circumferential direction around the center O located above, the granules A falling from the inner peripheral edge 6a of the scattering plate 6 are uniformly dispersed over the entire surface 2 to be sprayed. Ru.

In addition, in the above, the scattering plate 6 and the upper guide plate 2
1, the respective inclination angles α ₁ and α ₂ , the number of revolutions N, and the falling supply amount Q of the granular material A should be determined through actual machine tests, etc., and are subject to various conditions such as the type and properties of the granular material A. For example, if the granular material A is coke with a particle size of 3 to 4 cm, α ₁ = α ₂ = 35°, N = 4.8 rpm, and the falling feed rate Q is: It is preferable that the number of rotations per rotation of the scattering plate 6 is about 133.

In addition, in the above, the inverted conical scattering plate 6 is
The granular material A is quantitatively supplied to the outer periphery of the scattering plate,
In addition, as long as it flows continuously down the inclined surface of the scattering plate, it does not need to be shaped like a right circular cone.

Next, some other embodiments of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment, in which an annular chute 24 having an annular supply port is used instead of the upper guide plate 21 in the first embodiment.
is disposed above the scattering plate 6, and the granules A from the material supply device 4 are evenly dropped and supplied onto the outer circumference of the scattering plate 6 through the annular chute 24. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 25 denotes opening/closing plates which close the supply ports of the annular chute 24 in a plurality of assembled state, and are opened/closed by respective cylinders 25a.

7 and 8 show a third embodiment. In this embodiment, the scattering plate 26 has the same plan view shape as the above-mentioned scattering plate 6, but has a horizontal flat plate shape, and has an upper part. The guide plate 27 also has the same plan view shape as the upper guide plate 21, but is shaped like a horizontal flat plate. A vibrating device 28 for vibrating the dispersing plate 26 is attached to the dispersing plate 26. This vibration device 28 moves a magnetic metal vibration member 28b biased in a predetermined direction by a leaf spring 28a, for example.
An electromagnet 28 that is energized and de-energized by an alternating current supplied via a slip ring 28c.
d, the vibration excitation member 28b is moved up and down by suction or release of suction, and the dispersion plate 26 is vibrated together with the upper guide plate 27.
The vibrating member 28b is attached to the scattering plate 26.
The plate spring 28a and the electromagnet 28
The device body 28f with d attached has a bracket of 28g.
It is fixed to the required fixed part via. In this embodiment, the scattering plate 26 is vibrated by the vibrator 28 and rotated in the circumferential direction by the rotating means 5, and the granules A are dropped from the weighing hopper 8 through the guide chute 12 onto the center of the upper guide plate 27. send. Then, the granular material A spreads radially in the radial direction due to the vibration of the upper guide plate 27, and falls from its outer periphery onto the outer periphery of the scattering plate 26.
Since the scattering plate 26 is also vibrating at the same time, the granules A move toward its center, fall from its inner peripheral edge, and are scattered onto the surface 2 to be sprayed. Note that the vibration device 28 may be fixed to the dispersion plate 26 itself or the upper guide plate 27 itself instead of the required fixed part. Also,
The current supplied to the vibration device 28 may be taken from two rails of the rotary table 15, for example. Furthermore, the vibration device 28 is
When added to the scattering plate 6 of the embodiment, the vibration excitation can be used in cases where it is difficult for the granules A to flow down on the scattering plate 6, or when it is required to increase the dispersion speed of the granules A. Advantageously, the device 28 can be activated as required to facilitate the flow of the particulate material A.

Furthermore, the present invention is not only applicable to the dispersion of granular material A such as coke;
Needless to say, this method can also be applied to spraying various liquids.

Further, in the first to third embodiments, the explanation was given using a scattering plate whose longest distance from the center in the plan view shape is approximately equal to the radius of the surface to be spread, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Alternatively, the scattering plate may be moved at a constant speed over a wide spread surface. For example, for an annular spread surface, a dispersion plate rotated by a rotating means such as rotation and revolution may be moved in an annular shape together with a material supply device at a constant speed. By sequentially moving the material according to its shape, the material can be uniformly spread on surfaces of various shapes.

Further, in each of the embodiments, the material supply device of the present invention is composed of the storage hopper 7 and the weighing hopper 8, but it may also be composed only of the storage hopper 7 and the discharging device 9 provided below it. Any material that can quantitatively supply the material to the center of the plate may be used.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, in the present invention, a material supply device rotates a scattering plate whose inner periphery is spiral-shaped in a plan view at a constant speed in the horizontal direction, while a material supply device collects granules, etc. The material is quantitatively dropped and supplied onto the above-mentioned scattering plate, and the material is distributed by flowing down from the inner peripheral edge of the scattering plate, so that the material can be spread evenly and quickly over a wide area at once. In addition, the device has a simple structure and does not require large operating power.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Figure 1 is an overall sectional view of the dispersion device, Figure 2 is a plan view of the scattering plate, Figures 3a, b, and 4. Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a spiral curve, Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram of a simple method for creating a spiral shape, and Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a spiral curve.
The figure shows a partial view of the second embodiment, FIGS. 7 and 8 show the third embodiment, FIG. 7 is an overall sectional view, and FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view of the vibration device part. . 2... Surface to be spread, A... Granular body, 4... Material supply device, 5... Rotating means, 6, 26... Spreading plate.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a method for dispersing granules, liquids, etc., for uniformly dispersing materials such as granules, liquids, etc., the inner peripheral edge portion rotates approximately once from the longest distance from the center in a plan view as a starting point. While rotating the scattering plate formed in a spiral shape to the center at a constant speed in the horizontal direction around the center, the above-mentioned material is quantitatively dropped and supplied onto the outer circumference of the scattering plate. A method for dispersing granules, liquids, etc., characterized in that the above-mentioned material is dispersed by flowing down from the inner peripheral edge of the material. 2 The spiral plan shape of the inner peripheral edge of the scattering plate is r=r ₀ √1−(2) where r and θ are polar coordinate variables, and r ₀ is the longest distance from the center of the scattering plate in the plan view. The method for dispersing granules, liquids, etc. according to claim 1, characterized in that the method is defined by a spiral curve that satisfies the following. 3 The spiral plan shape of the inner peripheral edge of the scattering plate is r=r ₀ √1−(2) where r and θ are polar coordinate variables, and r ₀ is the longest distance from the center of the scattering plate in the plan view. The method for dispersing granules, liquids, etc. according to claim 1, characterized in that the method is defined by a spiral shape formed by connecting a plurality of points on a spiral curve satisfying the following with straight lines. 4. In a granular material, liquid, etc. dispersion device that uniformly spreads granular material, liquid, etc., a material feeding device that drops the above-mentioned material quantitatively is provided, and below the material feeding device, an inner peripheral edge is provided. The part is formed in a spiral shape starting from the longest distance from the center in a plan view and making approximately one revolution to reach the center, and receives the material dropped from the material supply device at the upper part and causes it to flow down from the inner peripheral edge. A granular material, a liquid, etc., characterized in that a dispersion plate is provided, and the dispersion plate is provided with a rotating means for rotating the dispersion plate in a horizontal direction at a constant speed about its center. Spraying equipment. 5 The spiral plan shape of the inner peripheral edge of the scattering plate is r=r ₀ √1−(2) where r and θ are polar coordinate variables, and r ₀ is the longest distance from the center of the scattering plate in the plan view. The device for dispersing granules, liquids, etc. according to claim 4, characterized in that the device is defined by a spiral curve that satisfies the following. 6 The spiral plan shape of the inner peripheral edge of the scattering plate is r=r ₀ √1−(2) where r and θ are polar coordinate variables, and r ₀ is the longest distance from the center of the scattering plate in the plan view. The device for dispersing granules, liquids, etc. according to claim 4, characterized in that the device is defined by a spiral shape formed by connecting a plurality of points on a spiral curve satisfying the following with straight lines.