JPH04181410A - Parallel processor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accelerate the processing of data, to miniaturize the processor and to prevent transmission error by radially forming plural transmission lines having the equal length by respectively combining a pair of signal lines having relative front and rear sides and forming a bus wiring board by connecting the respective ends of the plural transmission lines to one terminal of a matching circuit. CONSTITUTION:The plural transmission lines having the equal length are radially formed by combining a pair of relative signal lines 13 and 15 arranged with the same phase on the front and rear sides of a printed circuit board 8. Then, the respective ends of the signal lines 13 and 15 formed on the front and rear sides of the circuit board 8 are connected through resistors R1 and R2 forming a matching circuit 16 to ground patterns 17 and 18 formed along the outer peripheral parts on the front and rear sides of the printed circuit board 8 and further, a cross bar switch 9 are turned into an integrated circuit and made very miniaturized. Therefore, the intervals between the respective processing elements are electrically turned to be almost equal distances, the communication distances between all the processing elements are almost uniform and further, the reflection of the signal on the transmission line can be suppressed. Thus, the stable high-speed communication is enabled and transmission error is prevented as a whole.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention provides a method for using a plurality of processing elements (processors, memories, etc.)
The present invention relates to an improvement in a parallel processing device that operates simultaneously to perform high-speed data processing, and is particularly suitable for high-speed data processing such as color image processing.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, in this type of parallel processing device, the first method of combining a large number of processing elements such as processors and memories has been
As shown in Figure 1, there is a complete coupling method in which all processing elements 1 to 6 are connected to each other via multiple buses, and a method in which all processing elements 1 to 6 are connected using a crossbar switch as shown in Figure 11. It has been known.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) By the way, in the fully coupled method, the communication time varies due to the difference in communication distance between each processing element, and it is necessary to control the time difference, so communication control becomes complicated and high-speed There were problems in that communication became difficult and high-speed data processing was difficult.

On the other hand, in a coupling method using a crossbar switch, when the number of processing elements to be coupled is large, the number of contacts required for the crossbar switch increases accordingly, resulting in an increase in size and cost, as well as a long communication distance. The problem is that it is easy to generate noise and is susceptible to external noise.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a parallel processing device that is resistant to noise and free from transmission errors, as well as achieving high-speed data processing and miniaturization of the device.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention was constructed as follows.

That is, in the present invention, front signal lines of equal length are arranged radially on the front side of the board, and are connected to external connection terminals of an integrated circuit crossbar switch provided at the center. The backside signal lines of equal length are arranged radially from a common connection point provided at the center, and the related pairs of signal lines on the front and back are combined to form multiple transmission lines of equal length radially. A bus wiring board is formed by connecting each end of each of the plurality of transmission lines to one end of a matching circuit, and a plurality of the bus wiring boards are arranged in a stacked manner on the same axis, and these bus wiring arranging each processing element outwardly along the periphery of the board, electrically connecting the external connection of each processing element to each other end of a corresponding matching circuit extending around the periphery of the bus wiring board; The crossbar switch includes a control means for controlling opening and closing of each contact point of the crossbar switch according to a predetermined procedure.

(Function) In the present invention configured as described above, a unit of a set of related transmission lines formed on each bus wiring board stacked on the same axis forms a parallel bus, and each of the transmission lines is connected to a data line, Assign each to address lines, control lines, etc.

In the present invention, the control means controls opening and closing of each contact of the crossbar switch according to a predetermined procedure. Accordingly, a plurality of processing elements (processors, memories, etc.) are electrically connected at the same time via crossbar switches, transmission lines, etc., and each of the plurality of processing elements simultaneously transmits and receives signals and processes data.

In addition, in the present invention, each transmission line has the same length, a matching circuit is connected to each end of each transmission line, and the crossbar switch is integrated into an integrated circuit and miniaturized. Both are electrically equidistant,
Not only can the communication distances between all processing elements be approximately equalized, but also signal reflection on transmission lines can be suppressed. As a result, not only high-speed and accurate communication control is possible, but also stable high-speed communication is possible, and overall high-speed data processing without transmission errors can be realized.

Furthermore, in the present invention, buses are formed radially by arranging bus wiring boards in which a plurality of transmission lines are formed radially by arranging signal lines radially on the front and back sides of the board, and stacking them on the same axis. I made it.

Therefore, even if a large number of processing elements are connected, the overall length of the bus is shortened, the communication distance is shortened, noise is less likely to occur, and the device is resistant to noise, and the entire device is made smaller.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the bus wiring board 7 has a crossbar switch 9 mounted as an integrated circuit in the center of the front side of a circular double-sided printed circuit board 8.

As shown in the equivalent circuit of FIG. 5, this crossbar switch 9 has a
A contact point 11 is provided for each. One end of each signal line 10 is connected to an external connection terminal 12, respectively.

Each external connection terminal 12 of the crossbar switch 9 has a first
As shown in the figure, one end of front side signal lines 13 of equal length made of a conductive pattern are connected to each other, and the front side signal lines 13 are arranged radially on the front side of double-sided printed circuit board 8 with crossbar switch 9 at the center.

On the other hand, on the back side of the double-sided printed circuit board 8, as shown in FIG. Arranged in the same phase as the signal line 13.

A pair of related signal lines 13 and 15 arranged in the same phase on the front and back sides of these printed circuit boards 8 are combined to form a plurality of transmission lines of equal length radially.

Each front side signal line 13 formed on the front side of the double-sided printed circuit board 8
The other ends of each of the connecting terminals 17 are connected to connecting terminals 17 provided at equal intervals along the front outer circumference of the printed circuit board 8 via a resistor R1 forming a matching circuit 16 as shown in FIG. Resistance R1
Preferred examples include printed resistors and chip resistors.

On the other hand, one end of each back side signal line 15 formed on the back side of the double-sided printed circuit board 8 is connected to a ground pattern 18 formed along the outer periphery of the back side of the printed board 8 via a resistor R1 forming a matching circuit 16. (See Figure 2).

The ground pattern 18 is connected to a land 20 provided on the front side of the double-sided printed circuit board 8 via a conductive hole 19. land 2
0 and the connection terminal 17, a resistor R2 forming a matching circuit 16 is connected (see FIGS. 3 and 4). As the resistor R2, a printed resistor, a chip resistor, or the like is suitable.

In addition to the external connection terminals 12 described above, the integrated circuit crossbar switch 9 has a control terminal 21 (actually, it consists of a plurality of terminals) for controlling the opening and closing of each contact 11, as shown in FIG. . This control terminal 21 is connected to a Talospur switch control line 22 provided on the double-sided printed circuit board 8.
(actually it consists of several).

As shown in Fig. 6, the bus wiring board 7 configured in this manner is arranged such that each signal line 13 of each wiring board 7 and the crossbar switch control line 22 are arranged at equal intervals on the same axis in the vertical direction.
A predetermined number of them are arranged so that they are in the same phase. Therefore, these related signal lines 13 and 15 arranged in the same phase form a unit of a set of transmission lines or a parallel bus. Each transmission line forming this parallel bus is assigned to a data line, an address line, a control line, etc., respectively.

Then, the printed circuit boards 24 on which the processing elements 23 are mounted are erected and arranged radially along the periphery of the bus wiring board 7 arranged in this way (see FIG. 7). Each printed circuit board 2
The external connection terminal 25 provided in 4 is a connector (not shown).
It is electrically connected to each corresponding connection terminal 17 of the bus wiring board 7 via the .

Incidentally, each connection terminal 17 of the printed circuit board 8 has a socket 26 attached thereto, as shown in FIG. 3, into which each connection pin of the connector described above can be attached and detached.

Here, as shown in FIG. 4, the printed circuit board 24 connected to each crossbar switch control line 22 of each bus wiring board 7 has a crossbar that controls each contact 11 of the crossbar switch 9 according to the procedure described below. - Implement the switch controller 27.

The processing elements 23 mounted on each printed circuit board 24 are as follows:
In addition to the processor (CPU) and various types of memory, there is also a turnout processor that controls input/output devices such as the keyboard and display device.

Next, the equivalent circuit for high-frequency signals of one transmission line constituted by the signal lines 13 and 15 in the radial direction from the center of the node wiring board 7 configured as described above is as shown in FIG. .

In FIG. 8, C1 is the capacitance at both ends of the resistor R1, and C2 is the capacitance formed between the signal lines 13 and 15. The capacitance C1 and the capacitance C2 are combined with the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 to form a matching circuit 16 as shown.

Next, a method of determining each value of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 forming the matching circuit 16 will be explained.

Now, if the number of radial transmission lines formed by the signal lines 13.15 on the bus wiring board 7 is N, then this bus will have (N-1) transmission lines in the equivalent circuit as shown in FIG. It is thought that transmission lines with similar equivalent circuits are branched and connected.

Therefore, when determining the values of resistance R1 and resistance R2,
In addition to considering the above points, the value of the characteristic impedance of the transmission line, etc. may be taken into account to find the optimum value that allows impedance matching in the entire transmission system.

Then, if each matching circuit 16 of each transmission line is formed using the values of the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 determined in this way,
When data is processed in parallel between each processing element 23 as described later, high-speed data transfer is possible without transmission errors.

Next, the flow of execution of parallel processing in the embodiment configured as described above will be explained with reference to FIG.

Now, assume that a program created in a sequential language (for example, Fortran) or a parallel language to solve a given problem (for example, color image processing) is stored in a predetermined memory.

In the case of a program written in a sequential language, a parallelizing compiler finds parts of the program that can be executed in parallel, breaks it down into parallel operations (tasks), and orders the work. On the other hand, in the case of a program created in a parallel language, a parallel language compiler extracts the parallel part. The result is parallel machine code.

Next, the operating system on the parallel machine dynamically allocates processors, determines a switching control schedule for each crossbar switch 9 based on this, and manages parallel execution.

As a result, the crossbar switch controller 27
Each contact 11 of each crossbar switch 9 is switched and controlled based on a schedule, and each of the plurality of processors, which are processing elements 23, simultaneously processes data in parallel based on a program.

In the above embodiment, the bus wiring board 7 is a double-sided printed circuit board, but the printed circuit board can be a multilayer board instead. When a bus is formed by using a multilayer printed circuit board as a bus wiring board in this way, the packaging density becomes higher and the entire device becomes smaller.

When such an embodiment is used for color image processing, when outputting to a display device, etc., data processed mainly in red, green, and blue color memories is switched to the 110 CPU side, thereby transferring data between memories. Can be omitted.

When used for color printing, specific CPUs can be connected for the four colors yellow, cyan, magenta, and black to perform parallel processing, or when processing large amounts of data, the memory can be divided to free up the processing area of the CPU. Can be dispersed.

In this case as well, bus necks do not perform unnecessary data transfer, so processing can be performed at extremely high speed.

Furthermore, when generating a moving image such as an animation, a separate CPU processes each frame, which enables extremely high-speed processing and real-time processing.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, in the present invention, the lengths of each transmission line are equal, a matching circuit is connected to each end of each transmission line, and the crossbar switch is integrated into an integrated circuit to reduce the size of the crossbar switch. Therefore, the distance between each processing element is approximately equal electrically, and the communication distance between all processing elements is approximately equalized, and reflection of signals on the transmission line can be suppressed. the result,
According to the present invention, not only can high-speed and accurate communication control be performed, but also stable high-speed communication is possible, and overall high-speed data processing without transmission errors can be achieved.

Furthermore, in the present invention, buses are formed radially by arranging bus wiring boards in which a plurality of transmission lines are formed radially by arranging signal lines radially on the front and back sides of the board, and stacking them on the same axis. I made it.

Therefore, in the present invention, even if a large number of processing elements are connected, the overall length of the bus is shortened, the communication distance is shortened, noise is less likely to occur, the device is resistant to noise, and the entire device is made smaller. do.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 shows the front side of the bus wiring board, Figure 2 shows the back side, Figure 3 is a sectional view showing the main parts of the matching circuit in Figure 1, and Figure 4 shows the conductors in Figure 3. A diagram showing the connection relationship between patterns and resistors, Figure 5 is an equivalent circuit of a crossbar switch,
Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of a bus wiring board, Fig. 7 is an overall perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 8 is a diagram showing transmission lines configured in a radial direction from the center of the bus wiring board. 9 is a diagram explaining the flow of execution of parallel processing in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. 10 and FIGS. 1 and 1 are diagrams showing conventional examples, respectively. 7 is a bus wiring board, 8 is a printed circuit board, 9 is a crossbar switch, 13 is a front side signal line, 15 is a back side signal line, 16 is a matching circuit, 22 is a crossbar switch control line, 23 is a processing element, 24 is a printed circuit board , 27 is a crossbar switch controller. Patent Applicant Gerafico Co., Ltd. Agent Toshibe Maki (3 others) Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3, 16 ,,,,,,/ /・1726 Figure 4, 13. 16 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 9 Figure 10

Claims (1)

[Claims] On the front side of the board, front side signal lines of equal length are arranged radially to connect to the external connection terminals of the integrated circuit crossbar switch provided at the center, and on the back side of the board are arranged radially. The backside signal lines of equal length are arranged radially from a common connection point provided at the center, and the related pairs of signal lines on the front and back are combined to form multiple transmission lines of equal length radially. A bus wiring board is formed by connecting each end of each of the plurality of transmission lines to one end of a matching circuit, and a plurality of the bus wiring boards are arranged in a stacked manner on the same axis, and these bus wiring arranging each processing element outwardly along the periphery of the board, electrically connecting the external connection of each processing element to each other end of a corresponding matching circuit extending around the periphery of the bus wiring board; A parallel processing device comprising control means for controlling opening and closing of each contact point of the crossbar switch according to a predetermined procedure.