JPH04180772A - Needle for medical treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To assure safety by providing a metastable position and stable position in the position where the tip of a needle tube is covered and limiting the rotation of a cover member around the longitudinal direction of the needle tube to a cover member which cannot move from the stable position to the other position once this member enters the stable position. CONSTITUTION:The needle part 20 of the wing-shaped needle and the cover member 30 forms the metastable position and the stable position according to the correlative positions thereof. The cover member has some resistance when a person tends to move the member from the metastable position but the resistance at the time returning the member is conversely low. Then, the person feels the metastable position as if this state is stable. When the member transfers from the metastable position to the stable state through inclined parts 26, 27, the member is locked there and cannot return. The rotation of the cover member 30 around a supporting and connecting member 22 is limited and the handling operation in the handling of the needle for medical treatments after use is stable. The safety is assured in this way.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to medical needles used for injections, infusions, blood collection, biopsies, punctures, examinations, artificial dialysis, indwelling, etc., and particularly to so-called disposable injection needles. The present invention relates to a medical needle intended for multiple uses.

BACKGROUND ART Medical needles used for injections, drips, blood collection, etc. generally have a sharp cutting edge for piercing the skin of a living body.

If these needles are used repeatedly, there is a risk of transmitting pathogenic bacteria from one living body to another, so such medical needles are generally disposable after one use.

However, there are a wide range of people who handle these medical needles, including those who actually use them, such as doctors and nurses, and those who handle them until they are disposed of after use. In particular, the tip of the needle after use may accidentally injure yourself or someone nearby. If an unused needle is stored in a sterile state, or if the needle has been used to penetrate the skin of a living body, if the needle accidentally injures someone else's skin, there is a risk of infection by pathogenic bacteria transmitted through blood or the like.

Therefore, it is desirable to prevent accidents caused by used injection needles. JP-A No. 61-72367 proposes a safety device for a hypodermic needle that combines a needle with a sheath, and after use, moves the sheath along the needle and locks it in the position where it wraps around the needle. are doing.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] As explained above, medical needles, especially the tips of used medical needles, are associated with great danger.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a wide range of medical needles that can be safely handled before, during and after use.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The medical needle of the present invention includes a needle tube having a sharp cutting edge, a support connection member that supports the needle tube and connects it to other functional members, and engages with the support connection member, A cover member that is movable back and forth in the length direction of the needle tube and can cover the cutting edge of the needle tube,
The cover member has a quasi-stable position and a stable position at a position that covers the cutting edge of the needle tube, and cannot be moved to any other position once it enters the stable position, and the cover member has a quasi-stable position and a stable position at a position that covers the cutting edge of the needle tube. and means for limiting rotation.

[Function] The cover member has a semi-stable position and a stable position that can sufficiently cover the cutting edge of the needle tube, and protects the needle tip in the semi-stable position before use, and in the stable position after use. The needle tip can be irreversibly protected. In addition, since the cover member is limited in its rotation and is allowed to move in the axial direction, the handling operation becomes stable. .

FIG. 1A shows the needle portion of a winged needle for intravenous drip.

FIG. 1B shows a side view of the needle portion of the winged needle of FIG. 1A from the side.

The needle part 20 has a needle tube 21 and a support connection member 22 for supporting the needle tube 21 and connecting it to a vinyl tube or the like. The needle tube 21 is, for example, a stainless steel needle tube with a length of about 15 to 2 S rn m and an outer diameter of about 0.3 to 1.2 mm, and its tip is obliquely polished and has a cutting edge. The support connection member 22 is further attached with a wing member 23 for puncturing and fixing the winged needle to the skin of a living body.

The four pipes 21 and the support connection member 22 are hollow tubular horizontal structures, through which drugs or the like can pass. This hollow tubular structure may be made hollow either by making the material from which the support connection is made hollow or by passing a needle tube through a hole.

The support connection member 22 has a small diameter portion 25 having a reduced diameter at one location on its outer periphery. On both sides of the small diameter portion 25 in the axial direction, inclined portions 26 and 27 whose diameters gradually increase are provided. The slider of the cover member, which will be described later, can ascend any slope 26,27. A small diameter portion 28 is continuous to the portion of the inclined portion 27 on the needle tube 21 side through a steep diameter change. The surfaces on both sides of the small diameter portion 28 are formed steeply, and are designed to function as a stopper that prevents the slide member from moving to any other position after it has settled in the small diameter portion 28. has been done.

The large diameter portion 24 formed on the needle tube 21 side of the small diameter portion 28 functions as a stopper and has a maximum diameter larger than the maximum diameter of the inclined portion 27 so as to facilitate passage of a cover member attached from the needle tip side during assembly. have.

Referring to FIG. 1B, inclined portions 26 are provided on both sides of the small diameter portion 25.
and 27 are arranged, and a wing member 23 is formed horizontally across them.

FIG. 1C1ID shows the cross section and appearance of the cover member 30 used in combination with the needle portion of the winged needle shown in FIGS. 1A and 18.

The cover member 30 has openings 31 on both sides thereof for allowing the wing member 23 to pass through.

The inner surface of the cover member 30 has a supporting connection member 2 for the needle portion 20.
The protrusions 33 constituting the slider that engage with the two surfaces are formed at one or more point-like points or along the circumference. This protrusion 33 has an end surface substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement, and engages with the outer periphery of the support connection member 22 and other functional members connected to the support connection member 22, and is capable of achieving stable, semi-stable, moving, etc. create a state.

The support connection member 22, the wing member 23, and the cover member 30 are made of, for example, vinyl chloride, ABS resin, polypropylene, polyethylene, or the like.

FIG. 1E shows, in cross section, the state in which the needle portion 20 and the cover member 30 are engaged.

1F, IG, and IH diagrams show three engagement states of the cover member 30 with the needle part 20 and other functional members 36 such as vinyl tubes connected to the needle part 20.
It is shown in a partially cutaway plan view with the upper part removed.

Figure 1F shows the condition of the needle before use. In this state, the needle is sterilized and packaged and delivered to a hospital or the like.

The cover member 30 is arranged so as to sufficiently cover the needle tube 21 of the needle portion 20, and even if a handler such as a doctor or nurse touches the tip of the cover member 30, it is prevented from accidentally injuring the skin or the like. It has become so. The projection 33 of the cover member 30 engages with the small diameter portion 25 of the support connection member and is held in a semi-stable position. That is, even if the cover member 30 tries to move in any direction, it will encounter some resistance and feel that this position is a stable state. A vinyl tube 36 is connected to the support connection member 22, so that medicine or the like can be supplied to the needle tube 21. Additionally, the inner periphery of the f& end of the cover member 30 may be rounded to make it easier to slide along the vinyl tube 36, or may have other configurations. The portions 24 are in contact with each other, improving the stability of the cover member 30.

FIG. 1G shows the state in which the medical needle is used.

In use, it is necessary to expose the needle tube 21 of the winged needle. Therefore, when the cover member 30 is pulled to the left in the figure along the axial direction of the needle tube 21, the protrusion 33
After overcoming 6 with some resistance, move further to the left. When the cover member 30 moves to the left, the movement distance of the six-force lever member 30 that exposes the needle tube 21 of the winged needle is the first
It is limited by the length of the opening 31 formed on the side surface of the cover member 30 shown in Figure C. In the state shown in Figure 1G,
The protrusion 33 of the cover member 30 contacts the outer surface of the vinyl duplex 36 connected to the support connection member 22, and the large diameter portion 2
The small diameter portion 28 stabilizes the cover member 30 with the contact at 4 and holds it in that position.
A stopper 41 or the like may be provided to engage with. A click feeling can also be provided when the cover member 30 enters the illustrated state.

After using a medical needle, the needle is removed from the skin of the living body.

In the removed state, the sharp cutting edge of the needle tube 21 is exposed. In this state, if a handler such as a doctor or nurse touches the cutting edge of the needle tube 21, there is a risk that the skin will be injured by the sharp cutting edge and infected with pathogenic bacteria.

FIG. 1H shows the cover member moved to the secure position after use of the medical needle.

From the state shown in FIG. 1G, the cover member 30 has been moved to the right. The inner protrusion 33 of the cover member 30 passes through the sloped part 26 and the small diameter part 25, climbs over the sloped part 27, moves to the stable small diameter part 28, and is locked by the steep surfaces on both sides.

In the illustrated state, even if the cover member 30 tries to move to the right or left, it comes into contact with the steep surface of the support connection member or the vertical end surface of the protrusion 33, so that its movement is restricted. Ru.

As explained above, the needle part and cover member of the winged needle are
A metastable state or a stable state is formed depending on the position of the correlation. There is some resistance when trying to move from a metastable state, and conversely, there is low resistance when returning to a metastable state. Therefore, the metastable state feels stable. Once the metastable state passes through the slope to the stable state, it is locked there and cannot return. Further, the cover member is restricted in rotation with respect to the support connection member,
The handling becomes more stable when handling medical needles after use.

Figures 2A-2D show winged needles according to other embodiments. Figures 2A and 2B are a plan view and a side view of the needle part of the winged needle, and Figure 2C
The figure is a sectional view of the cover member, and FIG. 2D is a sectional view of the assembled state.

Comparing with FIGS. 1A to 1H, in this embodiment, a small diameter portion 37, an inclined portion 38, a stopper 3,
One more unidirectional metastable position containing 9 = 11 = position is provided. Furthermore, in this example,
A plurality of ribs 38 are provided along the length of the needle cover member 30 to increase the resistance of the cover member 30 to bending.

Since there is no large diameter section to the right of the small diameter section 28, rightward movement of the cover member 30 may appear to be unrestricted.6 However, the wing member 2 of the needle section 20
3 passes through the opening 31 of the cover member 30 and protrudes laterally, so by adjusting the dimensions of the opening,
After the cover member 30 has settled on the small diameter portion 28, it can be restricted from moving to the right. That is, the small diameter portion 28
At this point, an irreversible stable state is established for the cover member 30.

Note that, like the cover member, ribs can also be provided on the support and connection member of the needle portion.

3A-3D illustrate medical needles according to other embodiments.

In FIGS. 3A and 3B, the support connection member 22 that supports the needle tube 21 and connects it to other members is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG.
It has a small diameter part 25 that forms a quasi-stable state, inclined parts 26, 27 on both sides thereof, and a small diameter part 28 that forms a stable state. Two large diameter portions adjacent to the inclined portion 26 are continuous in the axial direction, and further have an inclined portion 42, a small diameter portion 41, and a terminal end portion 40 at the curved ends. The terminal end 40 serves as a stop and as a connecting member. Further, ribs 43 that extend outward along the axial direction are provided at a plurality of positions, for example, four positions, in the circumferential direction. In FIG. 3A, illustration of the central rib is omitted. FIG. 3B shows a cross-sectional structure in which the ribs 43 are provided at four locations in the circumferential direction.

The cover member associated with this needle is shown in Figure 3C.

The cover member 30 has an opening 32 at one end for passing the needle tube 21, and in @f4A34,
It has an engagement member 45 for engaging with the support connection member 22. A slit (not shown) is cut in the axial direction in the engagement member 45 and the cover member continuous thereto to facilitate elastic deformation. Furthermore, as shown in the drawings, a non-slip member 44 may be continuously provided in the circumferential direction on the intermediate outer periphery to prevent slipping during handling.

The engagement member 45 is connected to the support connection member 2 as shown in FIG. 3D.
2. That is, a notch 46 is provided at a position corresponding to the rib 43, and rotation of the cover member 30 around the axis is restricted.

A person using the needle can selectively expose and cover the needle tube 21 by grasping the area around the anti-slip member 44 with his or her fingers and sliding the cover member along the axial direction, thereby allowing the needle to be used safely. .

4 and 5 can be mentioned as examples similar to FIG. 3. These examples include blood collection (
It can be applied to cases where the base has a structure connected to a blood bag or the like with a vinyl tube 36 or the like.

In FIG. 4, a support connection member 22 supporting the needle tube 21 is shown.
has the same configuration as shown in FIG. 3A, except that the support connection member 22 and the terminal end 40 are replaced by a grip 51. The cover member 30 has the same structure as the cover members 14 to 14 in FIG. 3C. A non-slip member may also be formed. The support connection member 22 has a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped grip portion 5.
1 is provided, and this grip part 51 and the cover member are grasped with the hand and punctured.

The cross-section WI structure of the support connection member is the same as that in FIG. 3B.

The support connection member has a #I structure with ribs 43 protruding around the periphery, and the support connection member has a hollow tube structure at the center to provide an appropriate amount of flow. This hollow tube structure may have a hollow support connection member as described above, or a needle tube may be passed through the hollow tube structure up to the mandrel grip portion 51.

The engagement member 45 at the end of the cover member 30 has a cross-sectional structure as shown in FIG. 3D. The engagement member 45 has a rib 43
It has a notch 46 at a position that coincides with the rib 43, and allows the rib 43 to pass therethrough. By engaging the rib 43 with the notch 46, rotation of the cover member 30 is restricted.

By making the support connection member 22 short as shown in FIG. 5 and making the grip portion 51 small, the cover member 30 can include the grip portion 51 and slide on the tube. At this time, instead of the wing member shown in FIG. 1A, a protrusion may be provided as appropriate to protrude from the cover member 30 and may be used to grip the cover member 30 when sliding it.

Note that similar effects can be obtained by applying the configuration of the above-mentioned device to the plastic hub portion of a dental needle or a vacuum blood collection needle.

In the above embodiment, the cover member is provided with a protrusion protruding from the inner circumferential surface, and the support connection member that supports and connects the needle tube is provided with an uneven part, and the protrusion of the cover member is received to maintain a stable state and a semi-stable state. Formed.

However, the positions of the protrusions and the uneven portions can also be reversed.

FIG. 6 schematically shows an example of a structure in which the cover member is provided with an uneven portion and the support connection member is provided with a protrusion.

A protrusion 47 is formed on the support connection member 22 that supports and connects the needle tube 21, and the cover material 30 has semistable recesses 48a and 48b for receiving the protrusion 47, and recesses 48a and 48b for stably receiving the protrusion 47. A recess 49 is formed.

When the protrusion 47 engages with the recesses 48a and 48b, it is possible to form a semi-stable state at that position due to the presence of the adjacent slope, or the cover member 30 can move to another position. Stable recess 4 with steep end faces on both sides
9, once the protrusion 47 of the support connection member 22 is engaged, it cannot be moved from that position to another position again.

As shown in FIG. 6, other embodiments in which the protrusions and convex portions are reversed are shown in FIGS. 7A to 7D, 8A to 8E, and 9A to 9E, in which the protrusions is formed in the circumferential direction.

Figures 7A and 7B show a plan view and a side view of a medical needle provided with a protrusion on a rib.

The pair of ribs 43 are similar to the ribs 43 shown in FIG. 3A, or the other pair of ribs 53 have feather-shaped protrusions 55 formed on their sides. For ease of assembly, a large diameter portion may be provided in the direction of the needle tube from the protrusion 55 to play the same role as the large diameter portion 24 in FIG. 3, but illustration is omitted. 8th
The same applies to the embodiments shown in FIGS. A cover member to be combined with this needle portion is shown in FIG. 7C.

A gap 56 is formed in the cover member 30, and the width of the gap 56 is widened at points 57, 58, and 59 to receive the feather-shaped projection 55. The wide portions 57, 58 have inclined surfaces in the direction of travel to form a quasi-stable state, and the wide portions 59 have steep surfaces to form a stable state.

When the cover member shown in FIG. 7C is placed over the needle portion shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B as shown in FIG. Become.

Figures 8A-8E show other embodiments of winged needles.

Figures 8A and 8B show a top view and a side view of the needle.

The needle tube 21 is supported by a support connection member 22, and a wing member 23 is attached to the support connection member 22. Support connection member 22
A protrusion 61 is formed on the upper surface. The protrusion 61 is the eighth
As shown in Figure A, it has a pointed shape on one side.

Figure 80.8B shows a cross-sectional view and a top view of the cover member 30. The cover member 30 is formed with a side opening 31 through which the wing member 23 passes, as shown by dotted lines in FIG. 8C. Further, an upper surface opening 63 is formed on the upper surface of the cover member 30, as shown in FIG. 8D, and this upper surface opening 63
Wide portions 65, 66, and 67 are formed on the sides. The right end surface of the wide portion 67 is formed substantially perpendicular to the axial direction, and is designed so that once the rear end surface of the protrusion 61 engages with the right end surface of the wide portion 67, it cannot return again.

In the other wide portions 65, 66, through the inclined portions,
The protrusion 61 is allowed to move.

FIG. 8E shows a cross-sectional view of the state of engagement between the needle portion and the cover member.

The wing members 23 of the winged needle protrude to both sides, and the projections 61 protrude upward. The top opening 63 of the cover member 30 engages with the protrusion 61 to form a semi-stable state and a stable state. That is, when the wide portions 65, 66 are engaged with the protrusion 61, movement is possible although there is resistance in the direction of movement, forming a quasi-stable state. In the wide portion 67, the protrusion 61 can no longer move and forms a locked or stable state.

Figures 9A-9E show other embodiments of winged needles.

Figures 9A and 9B show a top view and a side view of the needle portion.

Moreover, FIGS. 9C and 9D show a cross-sectional view and a side view of the cover member, and FIG. 9E shows a cross-sectional view of the state in which the winged needle and the cover member are engaged.

In this embodiment, a protrusion 71.7 is provided on the wing member 23.
As shown in FIG. 9B, the protrusions 71 and 72 on which the number 2 is formed have a sloped surface on one side and a steep surface on the other side. The opening lower part 4 for passing the wing part 23 of the cover part has a widened part 76 with widened parts 76, 77, 78.
has an inclined surface at both ends, and the wide portion 77 has an inclined surface in the direction of movement. In contrast, the wide portion 78 has a steep surface in the direction of movement. When the projections 71 , 72 engage with the opening lower 4 , the thickness of the projections 71 , 72 engages with the width of the opening lower 4 . That is, the protrusions 71 and 72 form a metastable state in the wide portions 76 and 77, but are still movable because of the slope formed in the direction of movement. On the other hand, since the wide portion 78 engages with a steep surface in the direction of movement, once it settles in this position, it cannot move to another position. In this way, a stable state (locked state) is formed.

7A to 7D, 8A to 8E, and 9A to 9E are different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 in that the cover member has an uneven portion and a protrusion is formed on the needle side. This embodiment is similar, but differs from the other embodiments in that the direction in which the force is applied due to the engagement between the concavo-convex portion and the protrusion is in the circumferential direction of the needle.

In this way, the needle support connection member and the cover member are engaged to form a quasi-stable state in which the needle is stable but can be moved, and a stable state in which it is stable and cannot be moved to another position. Other configurations may be used as long as they can be placed in a metastable state and placed in a stable state after use.

As explained above, unused medical needles in a sterile state can be used with a cover member or a needle tube, and by covering the sharp tip, the user, handler, etc. can accidentally stab their fingers and injure them. When in use, the needle tube is exposed by retracting the cover member and can be used in the same way as a normal medical needle. After use, the cover member is locked in the stable position by driving the cover member to the stable position. In this position, the cover member does not return again and reliably protects the sharp cutting edge of the needle tube. For this reason,
It can prevent a wide range of people, including the user of the needle and the person handling it after use until disposal, from accidentally injuring hands or fingers and causing infection with pathogenic bacteria. .

Although the present invention has been described above with respect to limited examples, the present invention is not limited thereto.

For example, even in the case of artificial dialysis needles, regardless of the presence or absence of feathers, by modifying the needle tube support connection portion in the same manner as in the above-mentioned embodiments, it is possible to prevent erroneous stabbing in the same manner as in the above-mentioned embodiments.

Additionally, when a needle is connected to the tip of tubing for use in drips, infusions, blood transfusions, etc., it is possible to attach an accidental stick prevention device by directly modifying the needle itself or the tip of the tubing. .

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to Examples, the present invention is not limited thereto. Examples include various changes,
It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that improvements, combinations, etc. are possible.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, the sharp needle tip is protected by the cover member before and after use of the medical needle, and the needle tip is consciously protected before use. It is designed so that it will not come out unless it is released (semi-stable position), and is locked after use (stable position) to prevent accidental stabbing.

Therefore, it is possible to prevent a wide range of people, including doctors, nurses, etc. who use medical needles, and those who handle them up to the point of disposal, from accidentally injuring the skin and infecting the skin with pathogenic bacteria.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1A to 1H are diagrams for explaining a medical needle according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 2A to 2D are diagrams for explaining a medical needle according to another embodiment of the present invention. ~3D diagrams are diagrams for explaining medical needles according to other embodiments of the present invention; FIGS. 4 and 5 are schematic sectional views showing medical needles according to other embodiments of the present invention, respectively; FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a medical needle according to another type of embodiment of the invention; FIGS. 7A-7D, 8A-8E, and 9A-9E;
The figures are diagrams for explaining medical needles according to other types of embodiments of the present invention, respectively. In the figure, 20 needle part 21 needle tube 22 support connection member 23 wing member 24.29 large diameter part 25.28.41 small diameter part 26.27.42 inclined part 30 cover member 31 opening 33 protrusion (engaging member) 36 Tubes (other functional components) 38, 4
3 Rib 44 Anti-slip member 45 Engagement member 46 Notch 47 Projection 48.49 Recess 55 Flap-shaped projection 57.58.59 Wide portion 61 Projection 65.66.67 Wide portion 71.72 Projection 76.77.78 Wide part patent issued by Takayo Saifuji Patent attorney Keishibu TakahashiFIG, 7A FIG, 78 F' IG, 7C FIG, 88 FIG, 8C FIG, 8D FIG, 8E FIG, 9B FIG, 9C FIG, 9D F I G, 9E

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A needle tube having a sharp cutting edge; a support connection member that supports the needle tube and connects it to other functional members; and a support connection member that engages with the support connection member and is movable back and forth in the length direction of the needle tube; A cover member capable of covering the cutting edge of a needle tube, which has a quasi-stable position and a stable position at a position covering the cutting edge of the needle tube, and once in the stable position, it cannot move to another position from there. What is claimed is: 1. A medical needle, comprising: a cover member that cannot be rotated; and means for restricting rotation of the cover member about the longitudinal direction of a needle tube. (2) The medical needle according to claim 1, wherein the rotation limiting means includes an elongated opening provided in the cover member and a protrusion extending from the support connecting member through the opening. Needle for use. (3) The medical needle according to claim 1, wherein the rotation restricting means includes a rib formed along the length direction on the outer periphery of the support connection member, and a rib formed on the inner periphery of the cover member. and an engaging member having a notch that matches the cross-sectional shape of the rib.