JPH0410986Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Field of industrial application] The present invention relates to a processing device for machining the outer diameter of a shaft such as a crankshaft, and in particular, a tailstock for gripping both ends of the shaft and a machining device for machining the outer diameter of the shaft. This invention relates to a processing device for a shaft object, in which a processing unit that performs processing can be slidably engaged with each different sliding surface.

[Conventional technology]

For machine tools that cut the outer diameter of shaft objects such as crankshafts, there are
Various types are known, as seen in Japanese Patent No. 80092.

This type of machine tool is equipped with a tailstock that grips both ends of the shaft and supports it indexably or rotatably, and a processing unit that cuts the outer diameter of the shaft supported by the tailstock. The tailstock and processing unit are movably installed along a guide surface provided on the bed.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

In the above-mentioned shaft processing equipment, the guide surface that movably supports the tailstock and the processing unit is shared, so there is a possibility that multiple processing units or processing units and the tailstock may come close to each other. teeth,
It is not possible to attach a cover to reliably protect the guide surface from cutting debris, and the guide surface is subject to severe wear.In addition, in areas where multiple machining units slide on the guide surface in an overlapping manner, the guide surface may be damaged. Wear is localized and unevenly distributed, making it impossible to permanently maintain machining accuracy.

Furthermore, since the tailstock and machining unit are supported across a long span of guide surfaces spanning the entire length of the machine base in the width direction, the saddles that support them should be rigid enough to withstand the load during machining. , the entire structure inevitably becomes larger and more complicated, and as a result, the bed also becomes larger and heavier in order to withstand the load.

[Purpose of invention]

This invention was made to solve the conventional problems as described above, and provides a shaft processing device that reduces wear on the guide surface and makes it possible to reduce the weight and size of the bed including the guide surface. The purpose is to

[Means for solving problems]

A shaft processing apparatus according to the present invention includes first and second tailstocks that support both ends of the shaft to be machined, first and second processing units that process the outer periphery of the shaft to be machined, The first and second tailstocks and the first
and a plurality of guide surfaces provided in parallel to guide and support the second processing unit movably on the bed, in which at least four guide surfaces are provided in parallel on the bed and are adjacent to each other The first tailstock and the first processing unit and the second tailstock and the second processing unit are arranged between two mutually different guide surfaces across one guide surface, and , the first tailstock, the second tailstock, the first processing unit, and the second processing unit are arranged between two different guide surfaces across one guide surface. This is what I did.

[Effect of invention]

In the present invention, the tailstock and processing unit that are close to each other are installed between two different guide surfaces, and the tailstock and processing unit are guided separately. In order to prevent the machining units from interfering with each other even when they approach each other, a telescopic cover can be easily attached to protect the guide surfaces of the bed from cutting debris. This reduces wear on each guide surface and protects the guide surfaces. The amount of load on the surface can also be reduced.

[Example of idea]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

Figures 1 to 3 show the case where the present invention is applied to a processing machine that cuts a crank pin of a crankshaft. 1 is a bed, and on the upper surface thereof, there are parallel plates spaced apart at predetermined intervals in the front and back direction Four first, second, third, and fourth guide surfaces 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d are formed along the longitudinal direction of the bed 1. 3
is located on one end side in the longitudinal direction of the bed 1 and straddles the first guide surface 2a and the third guide surface 2c located on the rear side of the second guide surface 2b adjacent thereto. A first tailstock 4 is movably installed at the other end of the bed 1 in the longitudinal direction, and is located between the second guide surface 2b and the fourth guide surface 2d behind the third guide surface 2c. A second tailstock is installed so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the bed 1 over the bed 1, and each of these tailstocks 3 and 4 grips a shaft to be processed, for example, a journal portion 5a at both ends of a crankshaft 5. chucks 6 and 7 are arranged on the same axis, and inside the tailstocks 3 and 4 there are hydraulic cylinders for operating the chucks 6 and 7, and crank pins 5b of the crankshaft 5. An indexing mechanism (not shown since both are known techniques) for indexing to a processing position is installed.
Further, reference numeral 8 is located between the respective tailstocks 3 and 4 on the side closer to the first tailstock 3, and is located at the second and fourth tailstocks of the bed 1.
A first saddle 9 is installed so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the bed 1 over the guide surfaces 2b and 2d.
NC attached to bed 1 corresponding to saddle 8 of
A ball screw 10 rotated by the servo motor 9 is screwed into a ball nut 11 provided on the saddle 8, and by driving the servo motor 9, the saddle 8 can be moved in the axial direction of the crankshaft 5. It's summery. In addition, the first
On the saddle 8, a processing unit 12 for rotating around the crank pin 5b of the crankshaft 5 and cutting, for example, pins 3 and 4 is movable in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the saddle 8. installed,
This movement of the processing unit 12 is performed by a hydraulic cylinder 13 installed on the saddle 8 or the like.

Reference numeral 14 is located on the side closer to the second tailstock 4 between the respective tailstocks 3 and 4, and moves in the longitudinal direction of the bed 1 while straddling the first and third guide surfaces 2a and 2c of the bed 1. With the second saddle installed so that the
Like the second saddle 8, it is equipped with a servo motor 15, a ball screw 16 rotated by the servo motor 15, and a ball nut 17 screwed into the ball screw 16 and fixed to the saddle 14. A second processing unit 18 is installed so as to be movable in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the saddle 14 moves. The second processing unit 18 is
It rotates around the crankshaft 5 to cut pins 1 and 2, and like the first processing unit 12, it is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder 19 for moving operation. Further, the first and second processing units 12 and 18 are connected to the chucks 6 and 6 of the corresponding first and second tailstocks 3 and 4, respectively.
7 are inserted through holes 12a and 18a, and inside these through holes 12a and 18a are tool heads (both shown in the figure) that rotate around the crankshaft 5 and are fed in the diametrical direction of the crankshaft 5 at the same time. (not shown) is installed.

On the other hand, in FIGS. 1 and 2, 20 is the first
This is a steadying device for the crankshaft 5 attached to the side surface of the saddle 8 on the workpiece side, and includes pushers 20a and 20b that clamp the journal portion 5a of the crankshaft 5 from both sides.

Next, the operation of this embodiment configured as described above will be explained.

When cutting each crank pin 5b of the crankshaft 5 by fixing the workpiece and rotating the tool, first, the first and second tailstocks 3 and 4 are connected to the first and second tailstocks 3 and 4 according to the length of the crankshaft 5, respectively. Third guide surface 2a, 2c
and moved on the second and fourth guide surfaces 2b and 2d,
Fix it in a position that matches the length of the crankshaft 5.
Thereafter, the journal portions 5a at both ends of the crankshaft 5 are engaged with and gripped by the chucks 6, 7 of the respective tailstocks 3, 4. At this time, the index mechanisms of chucks 6 and 7 operate to determine the phase of the rotational direction of the crankshaft 5, and the crank pins 5 of #1P and #3P are rotated.
b is placed horizontally to the core of the journal portion 5a.

When the first machining unit 12 cuts all the crank pins 5b, first, the servo motor 9 is driven to rotate the ball screw 10 to move the saddle 8 to the second and fourth guide surfaces. 2b and 2d in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1, and position the cutting blade T so as to face, for example, the #4P crank pin 5b. When the positioning of the cutting blade T to the crank pin 5b of #4P is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 13 is operated to move the machining unit 12 to a position close to the outer circumference of the crank pin 5b of #4P, and the machine tool is moved. Shift to crank pin cutting mode. At this time, the pushers 20a and 20b of the steadying device 20 are pressed against the journal portion between the crank pins 5b and 5b of #3P and #4P.

When the cutting servo motor 12b is activated by the cutting mode setting of the machine tool, the processing unit 1
The cutting edge T of the second tool head (not shown) is #4.
While rotating around the crank pin 5b of P,
Crank pin 5 of #4P is being operated in feed
Cut b. When the cutting of the #4P crank pin 5b is completed, the tool head is stopped at the fixed position and the steady presses 20a and 20b are released. After that, the first saddle 8 is moved again by the servo motor 9 and the #1P crank pin 5b is moved.
At this position, the tool head is driven again to cut the #1P crank pin 5b.

Next, #2P, #3P crank pins 5b, 5
To perform cutting b, rotate the crankshaft 5 by 180° using the index mechanism of chucks 6 and 7.
The centers of the crank pins 5b and 5b of #2P and #3P are aligned with the turning center of the cutting blade T of the processing unit 12. Then, in the same manner as above, the processing unit 12
The servo motor 12b is started, first the #2P crank pin 5b is machined, then the #3P crank pin 5b is machined, and the crankshaft 5 is machined.
The machining of all crank pins 5b is completed.

Further, all the crank pins 5b can be cut by the second processing unit 18. The operation of the saddle 14 including the machining unit 18 at this time is as follows:
Since it is the same as that, its explanation will be omitted.

The crank pin 5 of the crankshaft 5 is machined by both the first processing unit 12 and the second processing unit 18.
When processing crank pins 5b of #4P and #3P, for example, the first processing unit 12
#1P is also processed by the second processing unit 18.
and #2P crank pin 5b by functioning the index mechanisms of each machining unit 12, 18 and each chuck 6, 7 in the same manner as described above. in this case,
After cutting the crank pins 5b of #1P and #4P at the same time in each machining unit 12 and 18, #2
P, #3P crank pins 5b, 5b are cut at the same time.

In this embodiment as described above, since the crank pin is machined by two processing units 12 and 18, the cycle time of the entire process can be shortened.
Further, the pair of tailstocks 3, 4 and the saddles 8, 14 of the processing units 12, 18 are arranged in a swastika shape on the four parallel guide surfaces 2a to 2d. Since the tailstock 3 and the saddle 8 and the tailstock 4 and the saddle 14 can slide on separate guide surfaces, the tailstock 3 and the saddle 8 can slide on separate guide surfaces. , 14, or the guide surfaces 2a to 14 of the bed 1 so that the saddles 8 and 14 do not interfere with each other even if they approach each other.
It is possible to easily attach a telescopic cover to protect the saddles 2d from cutting debris, and the saddles 8 and 14 do not slide on the same guide surface redundantly, unlike in the past. Wear on the guide surface and its unbalanced pressure can be significantly reduced. Also,
The cutting position is located midway between the spans of both guide surfaces, and cutting resistance can be stably supported by both guide surfaces. In addition, the spans of the tailstocks 3, 4 and saddles 8, 14 do not become longer than necessary, and the saddles that support them can be made smaller, and the tailstocks and processing units, including the Since the loads of the saddles act separately, the amount of load applied to the guide surface is smaller than in the past, and accordingly, the guide surface can be made smaller, and the bed can also be made smaller and lighter.

It should be noted that the processing apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the one for cutting crankshafts as shown in the above embodiments, but can of course be applied to outer diameter processing of cylindrical cams and other shaft objects. Further, the guide surface is not limited to four stripes, and the number of processing units is not limited to that of the embodiment.

[Effect of idea]

As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of pairs of guide surfaces are formed in parallel on the bed, and the tailstock and processing unit that are close to each other are installed between the plurality of different guide surfaces. In addition to providing dust-proof protection for each guideway, it also prevents the machining unit from sliding the same guideway repeatedly, greatly reducing wear on each guideway, and stably supporting cutting resistance on both guideways. As a result, high machining accuracy can be maintained, the tailstock and the supporting part of the machining unit can be made smaller, the amount of load on the guide surface can be reduced, and the guide surface can be made smaller and the bed can be made lighter. becomes easier.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a shaft processing apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line - in FIG. 1. 1...Bed, 2a-2d...Guidance surface, 3, 4
...Tailstock, 5...Crankshaft (shaft), 8,1
4... Saddle, 12, 18... Processing unit.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] First and second tailstocks that support both ends of the shaft to be machined; first and second processing units that process the outer periphery of the shaft to be machined; In a shaft processing device having a first and second tailstock and a plurality of guide surfaces provided in parallel to guide and support the first and second processing units movably on the bed, at least four The guide surfaces of the strips are provided in parallel, and the first tailstock and first processing unit and the second tailstock and second processing unit that are adjacent to each other are different from each other across the guide surface of one strip. The first tailstock, the second tailstock, the first processing unit, and the second processing unit are arranged between two guide surfaces, and the first tailstock and the second tailstock, the first processing unit, and the second processing unit are connected to one another.
A shaft processing device characterized in that it is arranged between two different guide surfaces across the guide surfaces of the strips.