JPH04100552A - Apparatus for treating waste such as paper - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance workability, storage properties and transport properties reaching the subsequent treatment and to perfectly eliminate the possibility of the intelligence leak of an important document by breaking waste such as paper in the generation origin and adding water to the broken waste to compress and solidify the same. CONSTITUTION:The waste A such as paper charged from an opening part 11 is ground in a grinding part 2 by the grinding blade 30 of the rotor 20 revolved by a rotary drive means 60 and the fixed receiving blade 40 in a grinding chamber 12. The ground pieces A' are passed through a ground piece dimension control screen 50 to be fed to a discharge part 13 and sent to a solidifying part 3 from a paper piece supply part 71. During this time, water is added to the paper ground pieces A' from the water injection part 91 of a water adding means 90 and the ground pieces A' are swollen to be brought to a sludge-like state. This sludge-like paper is stirred and kneaded in the large diameter parallel part of a casing 75 by stirring feed blades 85a, 85b and further pushed in the taper part gradually reduced in its diameter forwardly of the casing 75 and dehydrated to a certain degree to be solidified and pushed out of a discharge port 75a as a dumpling-like lump.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention is applicable to computer output paper, forms, documents, magazines, cardboard boxes, etc. discharged from offices, homes, etc.
The present invention also relates to a new processing device that crushes paper and other waste materials containing printed plastics, adds water, and solidifies them into dumplings.

(Prior art) Conventionally, paper waste such as computer output paper, forms, documents, magazines, cardboard, and other printed plastics, such as those mentioned above, has been collected by collection companies and incinerated or melted. or had been reprocessed. Furthermore, discarded forms and documents discharged from offices and the like that require confidentiality are incinerated after being shredded into small pieces using a shredder or the like at the discharge section.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) By the way, until the above-mentioned processing is completed, it is a collection of waste.

Naturally, it must be stored and transported, but if it is discharged as it is, it is extremely bulky, making it difficult to handle and having poor storage and transportability.

In addition, documents that have been torn as described above become bulkier, and even if the documents are simply torn, it is still possible to determine the contents of the documents, and there have been cases where confidential information is leaked by the time the document is incinerated.

In addition, current shredders have a small processing capacity and cannot handle large amounts of waste, and require one person to be assigned.

The present invention has been developed in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to break waste such as paper at the source, add water, compress and solidify it, and improve workability, storage, transportability, etc. for subsequent processing. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a processing device for paper and other waste that is compact, has a large processing capacity, and can be operated automatically, which can completely eliminate concerns about confidential information leaking of important documents.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The structure of the present invention that achieves the above object will be described with reference to the attached embodiment drawings. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of the device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Fig. 1, and Fig.
The figure is a diagram equivalent to Figure 2 showing another embodiment of the stirring and feeding blade, Figure 4 is a perspective view of the paddle blade, Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another solidification section, and Figure 6 is the crushing section. 7 is a perspective view of the crushing blade, FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an example of the crushing blade arrangement, FIG. 9(a) is a perspective view showing another configuration of the rotor and the crushing blade, FIG. 9(b) is a sectional view taken along the line U-■ of FIG. 9(a),
Figure 10 is a perspective view showing an application example of the one in Figure 9;
The figure is a perspective view of the crushing blade and presser foot used in this application example, Figure 12 is a perspective view showing the configuration of yet another rotor and crushing blade, and Figure 13 is a perspective view of the crushing blade and fixture used in Figure 12. The perspective view and FIG. 14 are explanatory diagrams in which the four peripheral blades in FIG. 9(a) are replaced with three peripheral blades, and FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of an application example of the peripheral three blades.

That is, the apparatus 1 for processing waste such as paper of the present invention includes a casing 10 having an opening 11 at the top into which waste A such as paper is introduced and a crushing chamber 12 at the bottom, and the crushing chamber 12. A rotor 20 rotatably supported by a rotor 20, a plurality of crushing blades 30 arranged around the rotor 20, and a rotating crushing blade 30.
A receiver blade 40 is fixed in the crushing chamber 12 with a small gap between the blades 40 and the crushing chamber 1 with respect to the rotor 20.
a crushed piece size adjusting casing 50 stretched over a discharge section 13 provided in the casing 10 on the outside of the casing 2;
A crushing section 2 consisting of a rotational drive means 60 for the rotor 20
and a paper piece supply section 76 communicating with the discharge section 13 of the crushing section 2.
a casing 75 consisting of a parallel part with a large diameter on the upper part and a parallel part with a large diameter on the inner peripheral surface; A rotating shaft 81 provided to rotate in the direction
．． 81a, 81b and the rotating shaft 81.81a.

Stirring and feeding blades 85, 85a provided around 81b,
85b, 86a, 86b, and the rotating shaft 81.81a,
A solidification section 3 consisting of a rotating means 80 shown in FIG.
1 and a water adding means 90 provided therein.

Paper waste is processed by the device of the present invention.

The target is computer output paper, various forms, documents, magazines, cardboard, and printed plastic sheets that are discharged from offices and homes.

(Function) 6 First, in the crushing section 2, the chute lla
Paper waste A to be disposed of in the opening 11 provided with
Insert.

Next, the waste material A is finely broken together with the file metal fittings by the crushing blade 30 of the rotor 20 which is rotated by the rotation drive means 60 and the blade 40 fixed in the crushing chamber 12 . Among the crushed pieces A', those whose size is smaller than a predetermined size pass through the crushed piece size adjusting screen 50, reach the discharge section 13, and are sent from the paper sheet supply section 71 to the solidification section 3. During this time, the paper fragments A' are added water from the water injection part 91 of the water addition means 90, and become soggy and sludge-like, and the printed characters and figures become illegible because the ink dissolves.

The sludge-like paper is removed by stirring and feeding blades 85 in the solidification section 3.
, 85a, 85b, 86a, and 86b are stirred and kneaded in the large-diameter parallel portion of the casing 75, and further, the tapered portion of the progressively decreasing diameter is pushed in from this portion to dehydrate to some extent and harden, and from the discharge lower 5 at the tip, the dumpling-like It becomes a mass and is pushed.

This mass is further compressed and dehydrated and dried to be used as a solid fuel or as a raw material for pulp remanufacturing.

(Example) An embodiment of the apparatus 11 for processing waste such as paper will be described.

In Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 6 to Fig. 8,
The paper waste processing apparatus 1 includes a casing 10 having an opening 11 provided with a chute 11a above and a crushing chamber 12 below, and a crushing blade 30 rotatably supported in the crushing chamber 12 and surrounded by a crushing blade 30. A rotor 20 in which a plurality of rotors are arranged, a receiver blade 40 fixed to the bottom of the crushing chamber 12 with a small gap from the rotating crushing blade 3O, and a casing 10 arranged outside the crushing chamber 12 with respect to the rotor 20. A crushing section 2 comprising a shredded piece size adjusting screen 50 stretched over a discharge section 13 opened at , a rotational drive means 60 for the rotor 20, and a paper supply section communicating with the discharge section 13 of this crushing section 2. 76
a casing 75 having a generally elliptical cross section, which has a large-diameter parallel portion on its upper part and whose inner circumferential surface is made up of a large-diameter parallel portion and a tapered portion with a progressively decreasing diameter that is continuous with the large-diameter parallel portion and has a discharge lower 5a at its tip; A pair of rotating shafts 8 provided so as to rotate in a direction that engages each other from top to bottom over the longitudinal direction of the casing 75.
1a, 81b and one rotation axis 81a.

A stirring and feeding blade 85a provided around 81b.

85b, a solidification section 3 consisting of a shaft rotation means 80, and a water injection section 9 in a region from the discharge section 13 to the paper strip supply section 76.
1 and a water adding means 90 provided with a

In the crushing section 2, the rotor 20 consists of seven disc-shaped rotor segments 22, each of which is keyed to the rotating shaft 21 and integrally connected by a locking nut, a connecting plate, or the like. A pair of crushing blades 30, 30 are fixed to each rotor segment 22 at a pitch of 180°, and when assembled as the rotor 20, they are arranged in two rows in a roughly “he” shape as shown in FIG. The blades 30 are arranged.

As shown in detail in FIGS. 6 and 7, the crushing blade 30 is
Made of cemented carbide, the four long sides of the rectangular parallelepiped are the cutting edges 31, and each pair of opposing surfaces is cut down to form an acute cutting angle 3.
2 is formed. A fixing hole 34 is provided in the cut-down surface 33.
Two are formed. The crushing blade mounting seats 25 are formed at two locations on the circumferential surface of the rotor segment 22 in an "L" shape with an 18o degree pitch, and are cut on the curved side so as to fit into the cut-down surface 33 of the blade 30. Cut the notch 25a back into the hole 25b
At the same time, two fixing screw holes 25c are formed, and a hexagon socket head bolt 26 and washer 27 are used to connect the sixth hole.
The blade 30 is fixed as shown in the figure. The cutting edge 31 is the rotor 2
protrudes from the circumferential surface of o and performs a cutting action with the cutting edge 41 of the receiving blade 4o described below.

In the groove 15 at the bottom end of the crushing chamber 12, a flat receiving blade 40 with an acute cutting angle is placed at the cutting edge 41 of the crushing blade 30, and a minute gap of about 0.2 to 0.3 degrees is formed. It is fixed using a bolt 45 and a washer 46 via. Uke blade 4
0 has a plurality of two-step elongated holes 42 for fixing and a screw hole 48 into which a jack bolt 47 is screwed, so that a minute clearance can be adjusted for wear of the cutting edge 41. 49
is a lock nut that fixes the adjusted jack bolt 47.

The rotor rotation drive means 60 includes an electric motor 61 installed on the rear stand 10b of the casing 10, a belt-type transmission mechanism, a reduction mechanism consisting of a pulley and small gear assembly and a large gear, and an overload detection mechanism. The rotor 20 is rotated in the direction of arrow R. It is supported by the assembly casing 10, and the large gear is fixed to a rotating shaft 21. Needless to say, both mechanisms are provided with safety covers. The rotation speed of the rotor 20 is selected by the inverter motor 61 from 15 rpm for hard waste to 65 rpm for soft waste. The detection means is designed to at least rotate the rotary motor 61 in the reverse direction and turn on the overload lamp when the crushing blade 30 bites a hard foreign object and the motor 61 becomes overloaded. By lighting the lamp.

After the motor 61 is stopped, the foreign matter is removed manually. The transmission mechanism is V
A chain system may be used instead of a belt.

Inside the crushing chamber 12, a reciprocating body 70 slowly moves forward on the bottom wall until just in front of the cutting edge 31 and closes the hopper cylinder 10.
It is provided so as to quickly retreat to the back of the rear wall of the hopper cylinder 0a, and push the lower part of the waste in the hopper barrel 0a toward the receiving blade 40 and the rotor 20. The hydraulic cylinder 7 is used as a reciprocating means for the reciprocating body 70, and the hydraulic pipe system is provided with a variable throttle for adjustable slow forward movement and rapid backward movement as described above. In addition, the overload detection means is the hydraulic unit 7.
2, so that when an overload occurs due to a foreign object getting caught, etc., the cylinder 71 is switched from forward supply pressure to reverse supply pressure using a solenoid valve, etc., and at the same time lights up an overload indicator lamp. It has become. Foreign objects are removed manually after the operation is stopped by lighting the lamp. Furthermore, instead of the hydraulic cylinder 71, it can be electrically driven using a rank and pinion system,
Electric cylinders may be utilized. Furthermore, the reciprocating body 70 may be reciprocated at an inclined angle toward the rotor 20 instead of the horizontal reciprocation described above.

On the other hand, a discharge section 13 is provided in the casing 10 on the outside of the crushing chamber 12 with respect to the rotor 2o, and a screen 50 is installed in the discharge section 13 to adjust the size of the crushed pieces.
is attached so that it can be replaced. The dimensions of the numerous through holes 51 drilled in the screen 50 are determined in accordance with the dimensions of the intended strips. That is, several screens 50 having through holes 51 of various sizes are prepared, and the screen 50 is selected depending on the paper quality and the purpose of the processed material.

The arrangement of the crushing blades 30 may be arranged in a spiral shape other than the above-mentioned "he" shape. Furthermore, the shape of the crushing blade itself is also the same as the cutting edge 31.
It is also possible to have an inclined rhombic horizontal cross section.

The water adding means 90 consists of a water injection pipe 91 having a spray nozzle 91a at its tip, a main water supply pipe 92, and an electromagnetic flow control valve 93, and the water supply pipe 91 is inserted into the discharge part 13 of the crushing part 2. The amount of water injected is appropriately adjusted via the valve 93 depending on the amount of paper pieces and the quality of the paper.

In the solidification section 3, the inner peripheral surface of the casing 75 is provided with a plurality of strips 75b up to the tapered portion to enhance the stirring effect. Each of the rotating shafts 81a and 81b is supported by a bearing 77 on the front end surface of the casing 75 and a bearing in a reducer 78 on the rear end surface, and is supported by an inverter 79 of the rotating means 80.
The speed reducer 78 receives the rotation input from the arrow R,
It is rotated from top to bottom like R2. The shafts 81a, 81b have a rectangular cross section, and the paddle-like blades 85a, 85b are overlapped with each other so that the feeding surface forms a spiral envelope surface (indicated by a two-dot chain line) as shown in FIG. We have set up a perimeter to do so. In the large diameter parallel part, the blade 8
5a and 85b necessarily overlap, but they do not necessarily need to overlap in the tapered portion, as long as the material to be processed is fed toward the discharge lower 5a.

As shown in FIG. 3, spiral blades 86a and 86b are used as shaft 81a instead of paddle-shaped blades 85a and 85b.

It can also be provided around 81b. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, instead of using the two-axis system, a spiral blade 86 may be provided around the -axis to form the solidification section 3 of a single-axis screw press. In this case, a cylindrical extrusion die 100 is connected to the tip of the casing 75', and the processed material compressed by the solidification section 3 is further compressed by the die 100 and extruded firmly into a columnar shape. The die 100 consists of two die pieces 101 and 102, one of which is the upper die 101.
is fixed, and the other die piece 102 is movable by a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder 103 to narrow the diameter and compact the processed material. The cylinder 103 is
It can be operated manually or in conjunction with the power load detector of the screw press.

Another embodiment of the rotor 2o and the crushing blade 30 is shown in FIG. 9(a) (
Shown in b). Planer-shaped blades 30 are inserted into the tapered grooves 22a at four locations around each rotor segment 22, and screws 2 are screwed into the taper depression retainers 23 into screw holes at the bottom of the grooves 22a.
3a to prevent the blade 30 from being pulled out. In addition to the arrangement in which the blades 30 that overlap during cutting are parallel to the axis 21, they can also be arranged obliquely as shown in FIG. The blade 30 and presser foot 23 in this case are shown in FIG. The insertion and removal of the cutting edge is adjusted using the jack screw 24 after loosening the presser foot 23, and then firmly fixing the presser foot 23 again. A plurality of grooves 20d may be carved into the rotor 20 as an integral body.

Still another embodiment of the rotor 20 and crushing blade 30 is shown in FIG. Three spiral grooves 20c are formed on the peripheral surface of the integral rotor 20.
are carved, and crushing blades 30 are provided at a pitch of 30'' on the circumferential surface 2ob between the grooves.

The crushing blade 30 is fixed to a receiving groove on the circumferential surface of the rotor with screws 25c and 25d using a receiver 25a and a presser 25b as shown in FIG.

The one shown in FIG. 14 has three peripheral blades instead of the four peripheral blades shown in FIG. 9(a), and the rest has the same configuration.

In the one shown in FIG. 15, a planer-shaped blade 30 is attached to the radially flat surface 20d of the rotor 20 so that its height can be adjusted using a screw 23d, and this adjustment is performed using a jack screw 24. The rotor 20 is lightweight.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the paper and other waste processing apparatus of the present invention, since it can be installed compactly, even confidential documents that are discharged in large quantities at a certain time can be easily removed from the source, such as in the basement of a building. Can be efficiently broken, compressed and solidified,
It is possible to prevent leakage of secrets from discarded documents, and to efficiently carry out subsequent transportation and storage. Furthermore, for used paper collection companies that handle large volumes, continuous automatic operation is also possible, and even if a small amount of metal pieces such as file zippers get mixed in, they can be easily broken and removed.
In addition to compression, the size of the paper pieces can be further increased and recycled as recycled pulp.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an example of the paper and other waste processing apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■-U in FIG. A diagram equivalent to Figure 2 showing an example,
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the paddle blade, Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view showing another solidification section, Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the main part of the crushing section, and Fig. 7
The figure is a perspective view of the crushing blade, Figure 8 is an explanatory diagram of an example of the crushing blade arrangement, Figure 9 (a) is a perspective view showing another configuration of the rotor and crushing blade, and Figure 9 (b) is the Fig. 10 is a perspective view showing an application example of the one in Fig. 9;
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the crushing blade and presser foot used in this application example.
Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing the configuration of yet another rotor and crushing blade, Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the crushing blade and fixing device of Fig. 12, and Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the four surrounding pieces of Fig. 9(a). FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a three-blade blade. (Explanation of symbols) 1... Processing device for waste such as paper, 2... Crushing section,
3...Solidification part, 10...Casing, 11.
・Opening part, 12... Crushing chamber, 13... Discharge part,
2゜...Rotor, 30...Crushing blade, 40...
...Receiving blade, 50...Screen, 60...Rotation drive means, 75...Casing of solidification section,
76... Paper strip supply unit, 81, 81 a, 8
lb - axis of rotation, 85.85a. 85 b, 86 a, 86 b - stirring supply blade, 90... water adding means, 91... water injection part. -And more-

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A casing (10) having an opening (11) at the top into which waste (A) such as paper is introduced and a crushing chamber (12) at the bottom; and the crushing chamber. (12) rotatably supported by a rotor (20), a plurality of crushing blades (30) arranged around the rotor (20), and a rotating crushing blade (30).
a receiver blade (40) fixed in the crushing chamber (12) with a small gap between
a crushing section (2) consisting of a crushed piece size adjusting casing (50) stretched over a discharge section (13) opened at A paper strip supply section (76) communicating with the discharge section (13) of section (2)
) on the upper part and whose inner circumferential surface consists of a large-diameter parallel part, and a tapered part with a progressively decreasing diameter that is continuous with this and has a discharge port (75) at the tip; Rotating shafts (81) (81a) (81b) provided to rotate in the longitudinal direction within the casing (75), and stirring feed provided around the rotating shafts (81) (81a) (81b). Feathers (85) (85a) (85b) (86a) (8
6b), a solidification section (3) consisting of a rotating means (80) for the rotating shafts (81, 81a, and 81b), and a section from the discharging section (13) to the paper strip supplying section (76). 1. An apparatus for processing waste such as paper, characterized in that it comprises a water adding means (90) provided with a water injection part (91). 2. The stirring and feeding blades (85a) (85b) are fitted with a pair of shafts (81a) (81b) so as to engage each other from top to bottom.
2. The device according to claim 1, further comprising paddle blades arranged at equal pitches around the paddle blades having surfaces twisted to form an envelope spiral surface. 3. The stirring and feeding blades (86a) (86b) are fitted with a pair of shafts (81a) (81b) so as to engage each other from top to bottom.
2. The device of claim 1, comprising a helical vane provided in ). 4. In the crushing chamber (12), a drive means (71) is installed horizontally or diagonally toward the crushing blade (30) of the rotor (20).
2. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a movable body (70) reciprocated in ).