JPH0360671A - Automatic priming method for artificial dialytic device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate air from a blood circulation system simply and effectively regardless of the type of dialyzer by judging the type of dialyzer automatically, and by using it substantially in the same condition as the dry type if the result from judgement says that it is of wet type. CONSTITUTION:A dialyzer 1 or 10 is fitted in place on a blood circulation system 2, and then the vein side end of this system is stuck in a priming liquid vessel 5. A blood pump P is rotated for ex. regularly with an air lock 6 shut, and the intra-diaphragm part of the dialyzer and blood circulation system is filled with air and pressurized, and meantime a dialytic liquid is flowed to outside the diaphragm. The pump P is stopped at the time (t1) after passage of a certain time, and the pressure in the blood circulation system is measured by a pressure gauge 8. At the time (t2), a certain while after the time (t1), the pressure measuring value at (t1) is compared. When no pressure drop is discerned, it is judged as dry type; when a pressure drop is perceived, judged as wet type. In the case of wet type, the inside of the diaphragm is further pressurized using a blood pump to drive out all the liquid lying in the inside, and the condition is accomplished which is substantially the same as the dry type.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to an artificial dialysis device using a dialyzer, and specifically relates to an automatic priming method for an artificial dialysis device in a blood circuit including a dialyzer. .

<Conventional technology> Conventionally, dialyzers used in artificial dialysis machines include a dry type in which the inside and outside of the membrane are filled with gas, and a dry type in which the inside and outside of the membrane are filled with liquid such as sterile water. .

When such a dialyzer is used, the conventionally known automatic priming method is the same regardless of the type of dialyzer used. That is, by rotating a blood pump installed on the blood circuit side connected to the dialyzer in a certain direction, the air in the blood circuit including the dialyzer is gradually expelled with one Lyminda solution.
This is a method in which priming liquid is filled into the blood circuit, including the inside of the membrane of the dialyzer.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, this conventional automatic priming method has the following problems.

This problem will be explained using FIG. 3.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the conventional technology, in particular, FIG. 3A is a diagram for explaining a dry type dialyzer, and FIG. 3B is a diagram for explaining a wet type dialyzer. It is.

In FIG. 3(A), 1 is a dry type dialyzer, and a priming liquid sent from a blood pump (not shown) is introduced from the inlet side 1a to which the blood circuit 2 is connected. It is discharged from the outlet side 1b. Note that 3 is a dialysate circuit connected to the dialysate inlet of the dialyzer 1 to supply dialysate, and connected to the dialysate outlet of the dialyzer 1 to discharge dialysate. In the case of this dry type dialyzer 1, as shown in the figure, since the inside and outside of the membrane are filled with gas, the liquid level gradually rises compared to the initial air condition, making it easy for air to escape. It turns out that this is not a particular problem.

In FIG. 3(B), 10 is a wet type dialyzer, and a priming liquid sent from a blood pump (not shown) is supplied to an inlet side 1 to which a blood port f#12 is connected.
Outlet side 10 introduced from 0a and connected to blood circuit 2
Discharge from b. This wet type dialyzer 1
In the case of 0, the inside and outside of the membrane are initially filled with liquid such as sterile water, but when blood circuit 2 is connected, air is present in it, so the input of blood circuit 2 and dialyzer 1o is When combined with pH 0a, it is unavoidable that air gets mixed into the membrane of the dialyzer 1G when sending the UK1 Lyminda solution (in addition, in the case of manual or semi-automatic operation, blood must be mixed to minimize this). By filling the circuit with 1 priming liquid in advance and guiding this priming liquid to the connection port, we minimize the amount of air mixed in.In an automatic system, it is assumed that air will naturally be mixed in, and the amount of air mixed in will be Therefore, as shown in the figure, since there is liquid inside the membrane, a phenomenon occurs in which the air that initially flows clogs the inside of the membrane with air bubbles (
Otherwise, there is a situation where liquid and air 4 are mixed) In such a case, there is a problem that the air is difficult to escape.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technology, and its purpose is to automatically determine the type of dialyzer to be used, and to use this determination to automatically determine the type of dialyzer used. An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic priming method for an artificial dialysis apparatus, which can automatically prime even a dialyzer to prevent clogging caused by air.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the automatic priming method for an artificial dialysis device of the present invention requires determining whether the blood circuit and the dialysate circuit are connected to be a dry type or a wet type. A dialyzer, a valve provided on a blood circuit between a container containing a priming liquid and the dialyzer to close the blood circuit, and a pressure gauge for measuring the blood circuit pressure.

and a blood pump that is installed on the blood circuit on the opposite side of the pulp side with the dialyzer in between, and that pressurizes the inside of the blood circuit and the inside of the membrane of the dialyzer by filling with gas or introduces the priming liquid. closing the pulp, pressurizing the inside of the blood circuit and the dialyzer membrane with the blood pump, and flowing dialysate from the dialysate circuit to the outside of the dialyzer membrane;
- After a certain period of time, stop the blood pump and measure the pressure with the pressure gauge, and if the dialyzer at this time is a wet type, drive the blood pump again to transfer the liquid inside the membrane of the dialyzer to the dialysate side. After the dialyzer is in the same state as the dry type, the blood bottle 1 is reversed to lower the blood circuit and the membrane internal pressure of the dialyzer, the valve is opened, the dialysate is stopped, and the dialyzer is in the same condition as the dry type. The present invention is characterized in that the blood circuit and the membrane of the dialyzer are filled with priming liquid from a container containing the priming liquid.

Function> The type of dialyzer is automatically determined, and if the result of the determination is a wet type, the dialyzer is used in substantially the same condition as a dry type.

First, the type of dialyzer is determined by its membrane characteristics (
Distinguish using hydrophobicity). That is, a valve is provided in an open blood circuit connected to a container containing priming liquid at the other end, and this valve is closed to connect the blood circuit provided on the opposite side of the dialyzer from the open end to which this valve is provided. The pump is driven to fill and pressurize the blood circuit and the inside of the membrane of the dialyzer, while a predetermined dialysate is flowed from the dialysis circuit to the outside of the dialyzer membrane, and after a certain period of time, the pressure inside the blood circuit is increased. is measured using a pressure gauge installed between the dialyzer and the valve.

At this time, in the case of the dry type, when the dialysate is poured on the outside of the membrane, the membrane gets wet, so even if pressure is applied to the inside of the membrane and a certain period of time has elapsed, there is no air leakage (or there is very little leakage). ), the measured pressure does not decrease.

On the other hand, in the case of a wet type, both the inside and outside of the membrane are wet, so when pressure is applied to the inside of the membrane, the liquid inside is released.
After a certain period of time has elapsed, the measured pressure decreases as the dialysate reaches 1 liter (1 liter of dialysate).

Therefore, the type of dialyzer can be determined by monitoring the pressure using this difference in pressure characteristics over time, and in the case of a wet type, the inside of the membrane is further pressurized using a blood pump. All the liquid on the inside is expelled to the outside to create a condition substantially similar to that of the dry type.

<Example> Examples will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In the following drawings, parts that overlap with those in FIG. 3 are given the same numbers, and their explanations will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining an automatic priming method for an artificial dialysis apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining FIG. 1.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, 5 is a container into which priming liquid is placed (hereinafter referred to as "priminder liquid container"), 6
is provided on the blood circuit (venous side) 2 between this container 5 and the dialyzer 1 or 10 that needs to determine whether it is a dry type or a wet type, and it closes this blood circuit and temporarily locks the air ( 7 is a bubble sensor for monitoring air bubbles in the blood circuit 2, and 8 is assembled in a chamber 9 to measure the internal pressure of the blood circuit. P is a blood pump with a design number on the blood circuit (between the arteries) 2 on the opposite side of the dialyzers 1 and 10 from the side where the air pump 6 is installed. This blood pump P has a structure that allows forward and reverse rotation (in the figure, forward rotation is shown as counterclockwise rotation and reverse rotation is shown as clockwise rotation) in order to introduce pressurized reariminder fluid into the circuit. It is something.

In such a configuration, the dialyzer 1 or 10 is first attached to a predetermined position on the blood circuit 2, and then the end of the venous blood circuit is punctured into the 1Liminda fluid container 5. At this time, the other side of the blood pump P is opened to the atmosphere, for example.

After achieving this state, the air pump 6 is closed and the blood pump P is rotated forward, for example, to fill and pressurize the blood circuit and the inside of the dialyzer membrane (primary l), while the outside of the dialyzer membrane (primary l) is filled with air and pressurized. Flow the dialysate between the

After a certain period of time (for example, indicated by ω at time t1 in FIG. 2), the blood pump P is stopped and the pressure inside the blood circuit is measured with the pressure gauge 8. If the dialyzer is dry type 1, the second
As shown in Figure (A), even if pressure is applied to the inside of the membrane and a certain period of time has elapsed, there is no or very little air leakage, so no decrease in measured pressure occurs; As shown in (B), after a certain period of time has elapsed after applying pressure to the inside of the membrane, a phenomenon in which the measured pressure decreases appears.

Therefore, at time t2 (for example, 1 minute later), which is a certain period of time after the blood pump P stop time t, the pressure measurement value at time t is compared. Based on the difference in pressure characteristics after a certain period of time has elapsed, it is determined whether the attached dialyzer is a dry type or a wet type. That is, when no pressure drop is observed, it is judged as a dry type, and when a pressure drop is observed, it is judged as a wet type.

In the case of a wet type, the blood pump P is rotated normally again to further pressurize the inside of the circuit to expel all the liquid inside the dialyzer membrane to the outside secondary side, and then stop the blood pump P again to check the pressure state. Measure. This operation is repeated until no pressure drop is observed.

When no pressure drop is observed, that is, when the installed dialyzer is in the same state as the dry type, the blood pump P is changed from forward rotation drive to reverse rotation drive, and the blood circuit and inside the dialyzer membrane are reversely rotated. Reduce pressure. Then, when the pressure drops, the air lock 6 is opened,
The dialysate is stopped, and the inside of the blood circuit 2 is filled with the priming liquid. The processing amount of the priming liquid at this time is approximately, for example, about 10,100O. In this way, priming is automatically performed.

<Effects of the Invention> Since the present invention is configured as described above, air in the blood circuit can be easily and efficiently removed using the priming liquid, regardless of the type of dialyzer. It has the effect of being able to perform well.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining an automatic priming method for an artificial dialysis apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a conventional technique. 1... Dry type dialyzer, 2... Blood circuit, 3... Dialysate circuit, 10... Wet type dialyzer. Figure (A) Figure (B) Figure 3 (B)

Claims (1)

[Claims] A dialyzer to which a blood circuit and a dialysate circuit are connected and which requires determination of dry type or wet type; a valve provided on the blood circuit between the dialyzer and a container in which a priming liquid is placed to close the blood circuit;
A pressure gauge for measuring the blood circuit pressure, and a pressure gauge provided on the blood circuit on the side opposite to the valve side with the dialyzer in between, and pressurizing the inside of the blood circuit and the inside of the membrane of the dialyzer by filling with gas. The valve is closed and the blood pump pressurizes the inside of the blood circuit and the membrane of the dialyzer, and the dialysate is pumped from the dialysate circuit to the outside of the dialyzer membrane. After a certain period of time, the blood pump is stopped and the pressure is measured by the pressure gauge. If the dialyzer is a wet type, the blood pump is driven again to convert the liquid inside the membrane of the dialyzer into dialysate. After the dialyzer is in the same state as a dry type, the blood pump is reversed to lower the internal pressure of the membrane of the blood circuit and the dialyzer, the valve is opened, and the dialysate is stopped; An automatic priming method for an artificial dialysis apparatus, characterized in that the priming liquid is filled into the blood circuit and the membrane of the dialyzer from a container containing the priming liquid.