JPH03505429A - single impact air hammer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] single impact air hammer field of technology The present invention relates to pneumatic hammers, particularly for construction, mining, machine assembly, implement manufacturing and Between single impact air hammers used in metallurgy.

prior art Hollow cylindrical cases for punching, drilling, riveting, engraving, and repairs. The case can reciprocate up and down and has an operating (working) stroke chamber and an idle stroke chamber. A striker with a precisely dimensioned boat that communicates with it and a boat that interacts with the striker. A single-impact pneumatic hammer is used that houses a working tool with a device placed on top. ing. A moving or stationary compressor is used as an energy transmitter. is compressed air supplied to the air hammer through a flexible hose (USSR patent). No. 395,251).

In order for the hammer to work, the work tool must be pressed against the surface to be processed, and the tool must be pushed against the surface. It is necessary to push the case so that it passes through, and the device formed as an anvil valve Open the process chamber to the atmosphere.

The striker strikes the anvil by the action of compressed air, and the striker interacts with the anvil. The tools interact and operate. 0 operation in which back pressure acts on the tool from the side of the surface being treated Industrial tools bounce off the surface being processed. Compressed air still acts on the striker The tool is brought back into contact with the surface to be processed, thereby affecting the finish. make an impact.

In addition, the single impact air hammer also has another drawback due to the use of a differential striker. have a point, i.e. - if the differential striker has a long tail that projects beyond the case in the starting position; Due to the large size, lack of ease of work and lack of work safety. Ru.

-Energy loss due to friction of the tail with the case cover and difference in striker diameter Moreover, the area of the striker cannot be utilized to the maximum.

In addition, it has a hollow cylindrical case, and the cylindrical case can reciprocate up and down and A striker with a precisely dimensioned groove that communicates the chamber and idle stroke chamber, and a striker Anvil valve that interacts with the Leica and periodically opens the idle chamber to the atmosphere. A single-impact air chamber containing a working tool and supporting equipment on top formed as a umma (USSR patent number 706.239) is known.

This hammer has drawbacks associated with the protrusion of the tail of the differential striker beyond the case. However, this hammer has the following drawbacks.

− Fairly complex design; Fairly low reliability and durability due to the use of parts with a single shape and complex structure; High energy loss due to friction, Poor finish due to one work tool hitting the surface being processed twice.

Disclosure of invention The present invention reduces the pressure within the working stroke chamber when the striker comes into contact with the anvil. The aim is to provide a single impact air hammer with a structure that allows the pressure of the compressed air to be adjusted. target

The above-mentioned object of the present invention is to provide a precise dimension for communicating the working stroke chamber and the idle stroke chamber. A reciprocating striker with a groove that interacts with the striker and circumferentially surrounds the idle stroke chamber. A device formed as an anvil valve j is supported on top for periodic communication with the atmosphere. In a single impact pneumatic hammer having a hollow cylindrical case housing a working tool, According to the invention, the lower part of the case is such that the striker is in contact with the anvil. A transfer passage for providing additional interconnection between the working stroke chamber and the idle stroke chamber when This is achieved by having the following.

A transfer passage is arranged with respect to the height in the longitudinal plane of the hammer, and a passage arranged above It is desirable to have the shape of a transverse slot.

The transfer passage may also be a through or blind longitudinal passage provided in the hammer case body. It can have the shape of a slot.

Note that the striker must be subjected to a brisk load so that it returns to its initial position. It is essential.

Such an embodiment of a single-impact pneumatic hammer allows the tool to strike the surface to be treated twice. The pressure of the compressed air in the working chamber is adjusted to prevent Pressure can be released rapidly.

The essence of the invention is as follows.

- The striker contacts the anvil due to the transfer passage provided at the bottom of the case. When this occurs, additional communication between the working stroke chamber and the idle stroke chamber becomes possible. . The striker interacts with the anvil and actuates the work tool. Reverse pressure (reaction force ) acts on the tool from the side of the surface to be processed, and the tool rebounds from the surface. At this time, the groove Due to the small cross-section and short cycles of the striker, the precise dimensions of the striker are Since the leakage of compressed air to the atmosphere through the groove is negligible, the compressed air is The zero working tool, which continues to act, once again comes into contact with the surface to be treated. transfer passage This allows additional communication between the working chamber and the atmosphere, i.e. This causes a sudden release of pressure in the striker, resulting in the work being applied to the surface being treated. It is possible to prevent the tool from coming into contact twice. The transport passages are arranged with respect to The round shape allows for more efficient transfer of compressed air. the The reason is due to the exact shape of the slot cross section through a larger cross section within a shorter distance. This reduces the time required for compressed air to flow from the working chamber to the idle stroke chamber. This point has been experimentally confirmed.

Also, when the striker strikes the anvil, the lower edge of the slot should be the same as the trailing edge of the striker. It has been experimentally proven that the transverse slots should be placed so that they are at one height. It is. This arrangement of the lateral slots prevents the loss of impact energy. Low residual pressure that allows the tool to be stopped and at the same time exerts force to press the tool against the surface to be processed can generate force. In this case, the force is similar to that of a fully compressed spring. It's big.

Shaped as a through or blind longitudinal slot in the case body of the hammer The constructed transfer path further simplifies the design of the hammer and facilitates its manufacture. .

One striker is spring loaded to return to its initial position for another actuation stroke. It is.

The above-mentioned structural improvements are useful when carrying out rigorous work, e.g. This is especially important when engraving numbers, slopes, etc., or when performing precision work.

Compared to traditional stamping methods, it increases efficiency by 1.5 to 2 times and improves quality. It is possible to shorten working hours.

Drawing overview In the following, the invention will be disclosed by a detailed description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the single impact air handle of the present invention when the striker is in its uppermost position. FIG.

FIG. 2 shows the single impact air handle of the present invention when the striker is in its lowest position. FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the lower part of the main case.

Figure 3 shows a single impact pneumatic hammer with the transfer passageway provided as a blind longitudinal slot. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the lower part of the case.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3.

Figure 5 shows the hammer shown on the line ■-■ in Figure 3, which is equipped with a striker of a modified shape. FIG.

Figure 7 shows a single impulse air hub provided as a longitudinal slot through which a transfer passageway passes. FIG.

Preferred embodiments of the invention The single impact pneumatic hammer (Figs. 1 and 2) has a hollow cylindrical case 1, which Case 1 is a striker (first mover) with precisely sized arms 3 that reciprocates up and down. ) 2, a spring 4 that returns the striker 2 to its initial position, and a spring 4 that surrounds the inner space of the case 1. periodically exposed to the atmosphere and placed above the working tool 7 in relation to the working tool, It houses a device configured as an "anvil valve" 5 with a valve seat 6. Stra A precisely dimensioned groove 3 in the squid 2 communicates the working stroke chamber 8 and the idle stroke chamber 9. . The lower part of the case 1 has a transfer passage 10 and a transfer passage 11 in the form of transverse slots. The shape of the transfer passage 11 may be changed depending on the type of gas medium used. .

These passages are provided in a casing 13 which is a tight fit in the lower part of the case 1. They are constantly interconnected by spaces 12.

Compressed air is supplied to the hammer via an access boat 14.

In the embodiment (FIGS. 3 and 4), the compression from the working stroke chamber 8 to the idle stroke chamber 9 is Air inflow takes place via a blind longitudinal slot 15 provided in the body of the case 1. This simplifies the hammer design and facilitates hammer manufacturing.

The length of the blind longitudinal slot is shortened, thereby removing the idle line from the working stroke chamber 8. In order to ensure a stronger (faster) inflow of compressed air into the processing chamber 9, A single-impact air hammer (FIG. 5 and The embodiments shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 6 are proposed. In this case, striker 2 has a slot In order to shorten the length of 16, an annular recess 17 and a longitudinal groove 18 are provided. , thereby ensuring that no matter what radial position the striker 2 is in, there is no inflow of compressed air. is ensured. Furthermore, in the proposed embodiment, the anvil 19 is integral with the working tool 7. rather, it facilitates the replacement of worn tools. Tool 7 is a case 1 with a nut 20.

In another embodiment of the single-impact air hammer (FIG. 7), there is a gap between the working stroke chamber 8 and the atmosphere. A through slot 21 is provided in the body of the case 1 to allow for additional communication. The casing 22 is tightly fitted to the case. Impact for precision work Single acting with low energy (up to 3J) and small standard dimensions (Loam maximum diameter) When making an air hammer, it is desirable to form the anvil as a ball 23. Yes, such a hammer has a simple design, and has a simple design, with the working stroke chamber 8 being connected to the idle stroke chamber. Transfer of compressed air to 9 is easy due to the simple structure of the slot. This is done powerfully due to the low local resistance.

A single impact pneumatic hammer operates as follows.

Compressed air enters the working chamber 8 through the access boat 14 . Idol process room 9 also It is also filled with compressed air passing through precisely dimensioned grooves 3 in the striker 2. strike The Leica 2 is held in its uppermost position (FIG. 1) by a spring 4. anvil 5 closes the passage from the internal space of the case 1 to the atmosphere.

To generate an impact force, place a hammer on the surface to be treated (the type of tool is (not shown in order to better understand the embodiment), the tool 7 is located in the case 1 at the end. Case 1 of the hammer must be pushed to achieve maximum penetration.

In this case, the "anvil valve" 5 opens the passage from the internal space of the case 1 to the atmosphere. As a result, compressed air is discharged from the idle stroke chamber 9 to the atmosphere. The striker 2 is moved through the anvil 5 by the action of the compressed air supplied from the side 8. and strikes the working tool 7, and the working tool 7 is activated. At this time, striker 2 This compresses the spring 4, which has a low stiffness. At that time, the precise dimensions of the striker 2 The leakage of compressed air to the atmosphere through 3 is due to the small cross-section of the groove and the short cycle. can be ignored. During the working stroke of the striker 2, the transfer passage 10 is connected to the working stroke chamber 8. As soon as the striker 2 reaches the point where the The idle stroke chamber 9 passes through the space 12 provided in the thing 13 and the transfer passage 11. and is discharged into the atmosphere through the anvil 5 and its valve seat 6. Transfer passage 10 and 11 allow for additional communication between the idle stroke chamber and the atmosphere; As a result, at the end of the stroke of striker 2, the pressure in the working stroke chamber is suddenly released and the ambience is It is possible to release the striker pressure at the end of the handle and the work tool 7, This prevents the tool from hitting the surface to be processed twice.

When releasing the pressure, the working tool 7 and the anvil 5 are lowered against the case 1 of the hammer. The anvil 5 blocks the passage from the idle stroke chamber 9 to the atmosphere. The stroke chamber is filled with compressed air passing through precisely dimensioned grooves 3 in the striker 2, The squid 2 returns to its initial position by the action of the spring 4, and the transfer passage 10 returns to the working stroke chamber. Blocked from 8.

The operating principle of the hammer shown in FIGS. 3 to 7 is similar to that described above.

Industrial applicability The present invention provides various designs of single impact pneumatic hammers for various industrial applications. It provides a foundation for further development.

The hammer of the present invention can be used for various types of work tools, such as hole punches and stamps. Can be used for engraving and repair work with chisels and all types of clamps. Ru.

Furthermore, the present invention using suitable tools can be used to break concrete, break rivets, Can be used for assembling factory roofs, drilling holes in metal, slate, rubber, etc. can.

The inventive design has particularly low compressed air consumption, is simple, reliable and dimensional It is characterized by its small size and light weight.

Heisei Year Month Day Wataru Fukasawa, Commissioner of the Patent Office 2. Name of the invention Single impact air hammer 3. Person making the correction Relationship to the case: Applicant 5. Date of amendment order: July 30, 1991 6. Subject of amendment: Specification and Translated international search report of claims

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Precisely dimensioned groove (3) that communicates the working stroke chamber with the idle stroke chamber (8, 9) a reciprocating striker (2) with a An "anvil valve" (5) configured to periodically communicate the process chamber (9) with the atmosphere. ) and a working tool (7) supporting a device in the form of a hollow cylindrical case on the top. (1), the lower part of the case (1) is When the leica (2) comes into contact with the anvil (5), the working stroke chamber (8) and Bypass passages (10, 1) for additional interconnection of the idle stroke chamber (9) 1) A single impact pneumatic hammer comprising: 2. In the air hammer according to claim 1, the bypass passage (10, 11) are located along the height in the longitudinal plane of the hammer, with passages located at higher positions An air hammer characterized in that the hammer has the form of a transverse slot. 3. In the air hammer according to claim 1, the bypass passage is located in the case of the hammer. a through longitudinal slot (21) and a blind longitudinal slot arranged in the body of the base (1); An air hammer characterized in that it has the shape of a slot (15, 16).