JPH03275996A - Revolving compressor and expander - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a compressor and expander of simple structure which can easily be designed and manufactured by forming a micro space between the inside face of an outer peripheral face located at the axial end of a casing and being uniform along one axial direction and an outside face located at the axial end of inner parts, and increasing or decreasing the capacity of the space between the outer peripheral face and the inside face as the inner parts make a rotary motion. CONSTITUTION:A casing 1 is comprised of inside faces 11, 12 each of which is uniform in one axial direction and an inner peripheral face 13 covering each side face 11, 12, and the inside face 11 is provided with long suction ports 14 arranged in point symmetry with respect to the center of rotation O and an exhaust port 15 is provided at the center portion of the inside face 12. Inner parts 3 have outside faces 31, 32 being uniform in one axial direction and formed by two parallel faces opposite to the respective inside faces 11, 12 with microspaces therebetween and have a recessed portion 33 formed at the center portion thereof and a channel 34 extending from the recessed portion 33 to the outer peripheral face of the inner parts 3 is provided. The inner parts 3 are rotated counterclockwise about the center of rotation O with a radius (r) of rotation, thereby taking air into a room (b) and compressing the same.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a rotating compressor/expander.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, there is a scroll device as a rotating type compressor/expander.

This scroll device includes a spiral fixed scroll and a spiral orbiting scroll, and by rotating the orbiting scroll, compresses gas such as air sucked into the gap formed between the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll. or was configured to perform expansion.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, the shapes of the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll are not simple, making it difficult to design and manufacture them.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has a simple structure and is easy to design and manufacture.
Our goal is to provide an expander.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a rotating compressor/expansion machine including a casing and an inner part housed in the casing, the casing having a uniform inner peripheral surface along one axis. The inner part also has a uniform outer circumferential surface along one axis, and a minute gap is formed between the inner surface of the shaft end of the casing and the outer surface of the shaft end of the inner part, and The cross-sectional shapes of the inner circumferential surface of the casing and the outer circumferential surface of the inner part are such that by rotating either the casing or the inner part about the axis, a rotating movement can be created between the casing and the inner part. The shape includes a plurality of seal portions with minute gaps whose positions move accordingly, and minute gaps between these seal portions, the inner surface of the shaft end of the casing, and the outer surface of the shaft end of the inner part. Gas is sucked and exhausted by utilizing the fact that the volume between the inner part and the casing surrounded by the inner part increases and decreases with the rotating movement.

[Effect]

By configuring the rotating compressor/expander as described above,
Its shape is simple, which makes it easy to design and manufacture. Furthermore, since the shape can be simply defined, it is possible to keep the minute gap in the seal portion constant in terms of design.

Furthermore, the compression ratio can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the exhaust port or the opening/closing timing of the valve of the pipe connected to the exhaust port.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of a rotating type compression/expansion machine according to an embodiment of the present invention (a two-part chamber type having two suction/compression chambers), and FIG. (b) B-B
A cross-sectional view taken along the line A--A in FIG.

As shown in the figure, this revolving type compression/expansion machine includes a casing 1 and an inner part 3 housed in the casing 1.
It is made up of.

Each component will be explained below.

The casing 1 is composed of two inner surfaces 11.12 which are parallel surfaces facing each other with a predetermined distance apart, and an inner circumferential surface 13 that covers the side surfaces of the inner surfaces 11.12.

Here, the inner surface 11 has two elongated intake ports 14.1.
4 are provided point-symmetrically with respect to the rotation center O (indicated by imaginary lines in FIG. 3(a)).

Further, one exhaust port 15 is provided in the center of the inner surface 12.

The inner circumferential surface 13 of the casing 1 is shaped like a circle crushed from above and below, and two recesses 16, 16 are formed on the left and right sides of the inner circumferential surface 13. The inner circumferential surface 13 is symmetrical about the pivot center O at its top and bottom.

Specifically, the shape of the inner circumferential surface 13 will be described in a counterclockwise direction from the left recess 16. First, the left recess 16 is composed of a circular arc portion with a radius rO, a straight line portion with a length t, and a circular arc portion with a radius rO, Furthermore, following this circular arc portion, the radius Ro
A circular arc portion is formed, and then after passing through a straight line portion of a predetermined length, a circular arc portion of radius Ro is formed again, and the concave portion 1 on the right side is formed.
It has reached 6. Note that the inner circumferential surface 13 extending from the right recess 16 to the left recess 16 in the counterclockwise direction also has a similar shape.

In this way, the inner circumferential surface 13 of the casing 1 is composed of only circular arcs and straight lines. Therefore, it is easy to manufacture.

Next, the inner part 3 has an outer surface 31.32 consisting of two parallel surfaces facing the two inner surfaces 11.12 of the casing 1, respectively, with a small gap between them.

In addition, in the center there are two recesses 33.33 vertically parallel to each other.
is formed. Both of the recesses 33, 33 are open on the inner surface 12 side of the casing 1. Further, the recesses 33, 33 are provided with grooves (or holes) 34.34 communicating from the recesses 33.33 to the outer peripheral surface of the inner part 3.

Next, the shape of the outer circumferential surface of this inner part 3 as a whole is shaped like a circle crushed from above and below, and two protrusions 35 are formed on the left and right sides thereof.

The shape of this outer circumferential surface is such that its top and bottom are point symmetrical about the pivot center O.

Specifically, the side shape of the casing 1 will be explained in a counterclockwise direction from the opening of the left groove 34 to the outer circumferential surface.
After a recess 36 having the same shape as the recess 16 is formed, the projection 35 is reached. In this protrusion 35, after passing through a straight line portion with a length t, a circular arc portion with a radius Rt is formed, then through the straight line portion, and again through a circular arc portion with a radius Ri, leading to the recess 36 on the right side. Note that the outer peripheral surface shape extending from the right recess 36 to the left recess 36 in the counterclockwise direction also has a similar shape.

In this way, the outer peripheral surface of the inner part 3 is also composed of only circular arcs and straight lines. Therefore, it is easy to manufacture.

When the inner part 3 is inserted into the casing 1 as shown in FIG. A chamber is formed by portion B2.

Next, the operation of this rotating compressor/expander will be explained.

Since the operations of chamber a and chamber su are the same, the operation of chamber a will be explained here.

Note that in this rotating type compression/expansion machine, the casing 1 may be fixed and the inner part 3 may be rotated, or conversely, the inner part 3 may be fixed and the casing 1 may be rotated, but for convenience's sake, the inner part 3 may be rotated. This will be explained as rotating the part 3.

The inner part 3 turns counterclockwise around the turning center O with a turning radius r.

First, it is assumed that the inner part 3 is located at the position shown in FIG.

At this time, the inner part 3 as a whole is trying to move upward, and the chamber is trying to expand its volume, so air (gas, water vapor, etc.) is sucked in from the intake port 14.

Figure 2 shows the state in which the inner part 3 is at its highest position.
Most of the air is inhaled into the room.

Next, this inner part 3 begins to descend toward the lower left, and as shown in FIG.
Seal 4.

At this time, the upper recess 33, which communicates with the chamber via the groove 34, does not communicate with the exhaust port 15, so this chamber is in a sealed state.

At this time, the chamber moves between the seal part B1, which has moved while maintaining a small gap, and the seal part B2, which is formed at the tip of the right protrusion 35.
Consisted of.

When the inner part 3 starts to descend further from this state, the seal part B1 moves further downward while maintaining a small gap, and the seal part B2 moves into the recess 36 on the right side of the inner part 3, filling the chamber. The air inside is compressed.

When the air is compressed by a predetermined amount, the recess 33 opens to the exhaust port 15, and the compressed air is discharged to the outside from the exhaust port 15. Note that FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the state when the inner part 3 is at its lowest position.

Then, the inner burn 3 further moves to the upper right, the recess 33 is blocked from the exhaust port 15, a new chamber is formed again as shown in FIG. 1, and the above-mentioned intake, compression, and exhaust strokes are repeated. be.

FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of a rotating type compression/expansion machine according to another embodiment of the present invention (a four-chamber type having four suction/compression chambers), and FIG. D- in figure (b)
A cross-sectional view taken along the line D, and FIG.

As shown in the figure, this rotary compression/expansion machine includes a casing 4 and an inner part 5 housed within the casing 4.
It is made up of.

Each component will be explained below.

The casing 4 is composed of two inner surfaces 41.42 which are parallel surfaces facing each other with a predetermined pressure apart, and an inner circumferential surface 43 that covers the inner surfaces 41.42.

Here, the casing 4 has four recesses 46 at the top, bottom, left and right positions.
is formed, and four air intakes 1 are formed on the inner surface 41 side.
m+44 is provided. Further, an exhaust port 45 is provided at the center of the inner surface 42 side.

The shape of the four recesses 46 is the same as that of the recess 1 shown in FIG.
6, and the shape of the inner circumferential surface 43 in the counterclockwise direction from the recess 46 is also the same as the shape of the inner circumferential surface 13 in FIG.

In the case of this casing 4 as well, the inner circumferential surface 43 is composed only of circular arcs and straight lines. Therefore, it is easy to manufacture.

Next, the inner part 5 has an outer side surface 51.52 consisting of two parallel surfaces facing the two inner side surfaces 41.42 of the casing 4 with a small gap between them.

Further, the inner part 5 is provided with four protrusions 55 at the top, bottom, left and right positions, and the inner part 3 is further provided with four protrusions 55.
The four recesses 53 communicate with the outer peripheral surface of the inner part 3 via the four holes 54. Note that the four protrusions 55 and the outer circumferential shape of the periphery of the protrusion 55 are the same as the outer circumferential shape of the protrusion 35 and the periphery of the protrusion 35 shown in FIG.

Note that the outer peripheral surface of this inner part 5 is also composed of only circular arcs and straight lines. Therefore, it is easy to manufacture.

When the inner part 5 is inserted into the casing 4, four chambers c, d, e, and f' are formed.

Next, the operation of this rotary compressor/expander will be explained using chamber d.

Furthermore, in this rotating type compression/expansion machine, the casing 4
The inner part 5 may be fixed and the casing 4 may be rotated, or conversely, the inner part 5 may be fixed and the casing 4 is rotated, but for convenience's sake, the explanation will be made assuming that the inner part 5 is rotated.

Assume that the inner part 5 rotates and is first positioned at the position shown in FIG.

At this time, air is drawn into the chamber d from the left and lower intake r: J44.44.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6(a), when the inner part 5 turns to the upper left, the intake port 44 is closed, and the chamber d is sealed by the seal portions CI and C2.

From this state, the inner part 5 pivots to the lower left to compress the chamber d, and the compressed air is exhausted from the recess 53 opening in the exhaust port 45, as shown in FIG. 6(b). Ru.

The inner burner 5 then continues to descend to the position shown in FIG. 6 (L-), returns to the position shown in FIG. 5 again, and begins a new intake stroke.

Note that the other chambers c, e, and f' operate in the same manner as the chamber d except for the timing of intake and exhaust.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing still another embodiment of the present invention.

In the rotating type compression/expansion machine shown in the figure, the shape of the inner circumferential surface of the casing 4 and the outer circumferential surface of the inner part 5 is the same as that of the rotating type compression/expansion machine shown in FIG. 5. . The difference between the two is that in FIG.
However, in FIG. 7, an intake port and an exhaust port are provided on the inner circumferential surface of the casing 4, and these are connected to the intake side piping 48 and the exhaust side piping 49, and these piping 48, 49 are connected.
valves 48a, b, c, d and valve 49a, respectively.
This is the point where b, c, and d were attached. Note that the inner part 3 shown in FIG. 7 is not provided with the groove 54 and the recess 53.

Next, the operation of this rotary compressor/expander will be explained using chamber d.

First, as shown in FIG. 5A, when the inner part 5 moves toward the upper left, the inner volume of the chamber d expands, so that air flows in from the valve 48b that is opened at this time.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5(b), when the inner part 5 moves to the uppermost position, the valve 48a is closed and the chamber d is sealed.

Next is the same B! As shown in ff(c), inner part 5
When moving to the lower left, the air in the chamber d is compressed and discharged into the pipe 49 from the opened valve 49b.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4(d), the compression stroke ends when the inner part 5 reaches the lowest position, and the valve 49b
is closed, and the inner part 5 moves again to the position shown in FIG. 3(a), starting a new intake stroke.

Various embodiments of the revolving type compression/expansion machine according to the present invention have been described above, and next, the drive device used in these revolving type compression/expansion machines will be described.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an Oldham ring type drive device.

As shown in the figure, in this drive device, the tip 64 of the crankshaft 60 is connected to the shaft 66 of the inner part 3 or 5.
It is connected via a bearing to an inner parts support section 63 provided at the tip. Here, this tip portion 64 is offset from the center of the rotational axis of the crankshaft 60 by one minute of the turning radius of the inner part 3 or 5. Furthermore, an Oldham ring 61, the perspective view of which is shown in FIG. ing.

When the crankshaft 60 is rotated, the tip portion 64 rotates with a radius r, thereby causing the inner part 3 or 5 to rotate with a radius r.

At this time, the Oldham ring 61 prevents rotation of the inner part 3 or 5 on the turning side by performing reciprocating linear motion in directions orthogonal to each other on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis.

Figure 9 shows another drive device (crank pin type drive device)
FIG.

As shown in the figure, in this drive device, the tip 64 of the crankshaft 60 is similar to the drive device shown in FIG.
is connected to the inner part support portion 63 at the tip of the shaft 66 of the inner part 3 or 5 via a bearing. Further, in this embodiment, the disk portion 65 of the inner part 3 or 5 and the plate portion 67 of the casing 1 or 4 are connected by a crank pin 69 whose axis is shifted by a turning radius r.

When the crankshaft 60 is rotated, the tip 64 rotates with a radius r, causing the inner part 3 or 5 to rotate, but the inner part 3 or 5 on the rotating side is prevented from rotating due to the action of the crank pin 69. It is.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an electromagnetic drive type drive device.

In the same figure, on the casing 1 or 4 side, magnetic poles 101a, b, c, d for driving rotational movement and magnetic poles 101 for axial levitation are provided.
3a, b, and displacement sensors 104a, b, c, for turning movement.
d and axial displacement sensors 106a, b are attached. In addition, in the direction orthogonal to the magnetic poles 101a, b, c, and d for driving the rotating movement, there are similar magnetic poles 10 for driving the rotating movement.
2a.

b, c, d (not shown) are attached, and similar displacement sensors 105a, b, c,
d (not shown) is attached.

On the other hand, on the inner part 3 or 5 side, there are yokes 111a, b, c, d for driving rotational movement, and yoke 113a for axial floating.
, b, and rotational motion sensor targets 114a, b,
c, d and axial sensor targets 116a, b are attached.

In addition, in the direction perpendicular to the yoke 111a, b, c, and d for driving the swiveling motion, there are yokes 112a for driving the swiveling motion similar to the yokes 111a, b, c, and d.
b, c, d (not shown) are attached, and a similar sensor target 1 for turning movement is attached in the direction perpendicular to the sensor targets 114a, b, c, d for turning movement.
15a,b.

c, d (not shown) are attached.

The inner part 3 or C-yo 5 is levitated in the axial direction by the axial levitation magnetic poles 103a, b and the axial levitation yokes 113a, b. This floating state is determined by the axial displacement sensors 106a and 106b and the axial sensor target 1.
16a, b.

On the other hand, the magnetic poles 101a, b, and c for driving the rotating motion.

d, the yoke 111a, b, c, d for driving the turning motion, and the magnetic poles 102a, b for driving the turning movement (not shown) perpendicular thereto.
, c, d and the rotational movement driving yokes 112a, b, c, d, the inner part 3 or 5 is floated in the radial direction and rotated. This floating two-rotation state is caused by the rotation motion displacement sensors 104a, b, c, d, the rotation motion sensor targets γ) 114a, b, c, d, and the rotation motion displacement sensors 105a, b, Ctd (not shown). sensor target 115a.

Detected by b, c, and d.

Although three examples of drive devices used in the rotating compressor/expander according to the present invention have been described above, drive devices with other structures may also be used. Any type of drive device may be used as long as it is capable of movement.

Although the embodiments of the rotary compressor/expander according to the present invention have been described above in detail, the present invention is not limited thereto and can be modified in various ways as described below.

(2) In each of the above embodiments, the number of chambers for carrying out the suction and compression strokes is two or four, but the number of chambers may be one, or may be three, five or more.

(2) The present invention is not limited to the shapes of the inner circumferential surface of the casing and the outer circumferential surface of the inner parts used in each of the above embodiments. That is, when the inner part is inserted into the casing, at least two parts (seal parts) that become minute gaps are created between the inner parts, and these seal parts move their positions with the rotational movement. Any shape can be used as long as the interval between the minute gaps does not change within a predetermined range of movement, and the volume of the chamber between the casing and the inner parts increases or decreases. There may be.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained in detail above, the swirl type compression system according to the present invention
The expander has the following excellent effects.

(2) The rotary compression/expansion machine according to the present invention has a simple structure, which facilitates its design and manufacture. Furthermore, since the shape can be simply defined, it is possible to keep the minute gap in the seal portion constant in terms of design.

(2) The compression ratio can be easily adjusted by adjusting the position of the exhaust port or the opening/closing timing of the valve of the pipe connected to the exhaust port.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 4 are schematic sectional views for explaining the structure and operation of a rotating compressor/expander according to one embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 5 and 6 are other embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure and operation of the rotary compressor/expander according to the present invention. Figure 9 is a diagram showing a crank pin type drive device, Figure 1.
The 0 figure is! FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a magnetic drive type drive device. In the figure, 1...Casing, 11.12...Inner surface,
13...Inner peripheral surface, 14...Intake port, 15...Exhaust port, 3...Inner parts, 31.32...Outer surface 2.0...Turning center, a, b- Room, AI, A2,
Bl, B2...Seal part, 4...Casing, 5...Inner parts, 41.42...Inner surface,
43...Inner peripheral surface, 44...Intake port, 45...Exhaust port, 51.52...Outer surface, c, d, e, f-chamber, C
1, C2-- Seal portion.

Claims (1)

[Claims] The invention comprises a casing and an inner part housed in the casing, the casing having a uniform inner circumferential surface along one axis, and the inner part also having a uniform inner circumferential surface along one axis. and has a uniform outer peripheral surface, and a minute gap is formed between the inner surface of the shaft end of the casing and the outer surface of the shaft end of the inner part, and the inner peripheral surface of the casing and the outer peripheral surface of the inner part The cross-sectional shape of is formed by rotating either the casing or the inner part about the axis, thereby creating a seal in a minute gap between the casing and the inner part whose position changes with the rotational movement. between the casing and the inner part, which is surrounded by a minute gap between these seal parts, the inner surface of the shaft end of the casing, and the outer surface of the shaft end of the inner part; A swirl-type compression/expansion machine that sucks and exhausts gas by utilizing the fact that the volume of the compressor increases and decreases with the swirling motion.