JPH03219031A - Contact material of silver-oxides series - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an electrical contact material excellent in arc consumption resistance and deposition resistance as well as free from abnormal consumption by compositely adding the oxides of Sn and Te to an Ag-oxides series electrical contact obtd. by dispersing each oxide of Sb, Cu, In and Mn into Ag. CONSTITUTION:An Sn oxide by 0.05 to 5.0wt.% as metallic components and a Te oxide by 0.01 to 2.0wt.% as metallic component are compositely added to an Ag-oxides series electrical contact material obtd. by incorporating the oxide of Sb by 0.1 to 6.2wt.% as metallic component to Ag and, furthermore, uniformly incorporating each oxide of Cu, In and Mn by 0.05 to 5wt.% as metallic component thereto. Or, one or more kinds among the oxides of Fe, Ni and Co by 0.01 to 0.5wt.% as metallic component are moreover added thereto, by which the electrical contact material having excellent arc consumption resistance and deposition resistance as well as free from the abnormal consumption of either contact can be manufactured.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a silver-oxide contact material in which Ag is a -1 component and a metal oxide is mixed therein.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, various materials have been used as electrical contact materials, but heg-CdO contacts have been particularly widely used.

Contacts made of Ag with CdO and oxides of Sb, Sn, In, and Mn dispersed have excellent welding resistance, arc resistance, wear resistance,
Due to its excellent contact characteristics such as contact stability, it is widely used in various swifts, contactors, breakers, etc. from small to large current ranges.

Dispersing CdO in the Ag matrix is certainly effective in improving electrical characteristics such as cleaning the contact surface and reducing welding force.

However, this effect has been particularly effective in AC circuits, and when used in DC circuits where the polarity does not change, transition easily occurs from one pole to the other, making the contact state extremely unstable. .

Furthermore, although rationalization and automation in various industrial fields have made remarkable progress in recent years, this has led to a tendency for equipment to become larger and more complex. Due to demand, there is a rapid shift to electronic control.

When electrical circuits are switched on and off, the control angle is constant due to accurate electronic control, and the ON and OFF timings of the contacts are always constant without any lag! As a result, a pseudo direct current phenomenon occurs when the contact opens and closes, and the contact material begins to maintain a layered structure from one pole to the other, significantly impairing contact stability and increasing the time. Over time, the deposits will be lost and the contacts will rapidly wear out.

Therefore, the applicant's basic thinking is that the cleaning effect on the surface of electrical contacts and various phenomena against arcs, such as arc-extinguishing effects, are most closely related to the physical properties of the added oxide, especially its vapor pressure and temperature characteristics. Based on this, the following research has already been carried out.

That is, with regard to the vapor pressure, Sb oxides having a vapor pressure higher than that of CdO in the temperature range of about 500 to 1,500°C are selected, and by dispersing them in Ag, the same amount as that of the Ag-Cd0 system is produced. The fact that the contact surface cleaning effect of
3), and furthermore, Cu, In, Mn, S
It has been confirmed that a system in which n-oxide is dispersed is particularly effective in improving arc wear resistance and melting resistance 71P1.

However, this Ag contains Sb oxide or Sb oxide and C.
Tests were conducted on electrical contact materials in which U, In, Mn, and Sn oxides were dispersed under various circuit conditions, and it was found that when the contacts were opened and closed under certain conditions as mentioned above, the contact material was attached to either pole. (It was found that when the deposits started to accumulate, arcs were concentrated in the deposits, leading to abnormal consumption.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) Therefore, we investigated the cause of the abnormal wear and tear in Book L.

When electrical contacts are normally opened and closed, a strong arc is generated between the contacts, and the contact surfaces are exposed to considerably high temperatures.

At this time, the contact surface wears out as the effective components for the contact characteristics dissipate, and the ideal contact material is such that the effective components lost at this time are continuously replenished from the inside of the contact to the surface layer. I can say that.

By the way, the above (1) Ag-9b-Cu-ln-Mn
Regarding the -9n series, it is thought that the above-mentioned phenomenon occurred because this effective component was not supplied smoothly.

After conducting detailed studies on these issues, we found that the smooth supply of active ingredients from the inside of the contact to the surface layer is facilitated by the volatilization of the surface layer components due to the arc, and that there is a deep relationship with the 75 atm of 11 silica oxide. estimated.

Therefore, using the vapor pressure of Sb oxide as a standard, we repeated experiments in systems in which various oxides with higher vapor pressures and Sb oxide coexisted, and as a result, we found that Ag, Sb and Cu.

It has been discovered that the combined addition of In and Mn oxides and Sn and Te oxides allows the effective ingredients to be smoothly supplied to the surface layer and has an extremely large effect on preventing layered deposition. By doing so, the contact material of claim (1) of the present application can be adapted to various circuit conditions and is free from abnormal wear due to layered deposits or defects. According to claim (2), Fe, Ni, C and
By adding one or more oM compounds, it is intended to further improve the properties.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the object set forth in item (1), the present invention is directed to claim (1).
In this case, silver is used as the IX component, and metal components are added to it as 01 to 6.
Double J, t% Sb oxide and metal component 0,0
Cu, In, and Mn oxides with a metal content of 5 to 5 tons, lJ%, Sn oxides with a metal component of 0.05 to 5,000 ψ%, and further metal components of 0.01 to 2 tons, Te. The present invention seeks to provide a silver-oxide contact material layer characterized in that silver-oxide is dispersed therein, and further, in claim (2),
Claim L (1) includes 0. The present invention aims to provide a silver-oxide contact material characterized in that one or more of Fe, Ni, and Co oxides with an O1 to 0.5% main term are also dispersed therein.

(Example) The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to specific examples below. First, in order to manufacture such an electrical contact material, as is known,
Either the sintering method or the internal oxidation method may be used, but in the infusion internal oxidation method, an Ag alloy containing Sb, Te, and Sn is held at a high temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere to allow oxygen to enter from the surface. , In.

It selectively oxidizes Mn, Te, Sn, and other elements, and by continuing the oxidation for a long time, it becomes oxidized in the Ag matrix! 1/ Electrical contact material is produced by dispersing the oxide.

Here, Sb, Te, Cu4n-Mn and S
The reason why the addition of n-1 must be limited to 6.2% and 5% by weight, respectively, is that Ag5
The maximum solid solubility limit of Sb in α solid solution of b alloy is 300°
The amount of C is 6.2%, and if Sb is added in excess of this amount, the T addition properties will be significantly inhibited.
This is because star production becomes impossible, and as opposed to Ag4, C
It is possible to add u-1n-Hn in an amount of about 30%, but as mentioned above, when Sn-Cu-In-Mn is further added to an alloy system that already contains up to 6.2% by weight of Sb in Ag. This is because the solid solubility in Ag suddenly decreases, and if each additive element is added in excess of 5% by weight, the M ductility decreases significantly, making it extremely difficult to process it into the desired shape. .

Further, the reason why the limit of Te (-) is limited to 2% by weight as mentioned above is that in addition to the low solubility of Te in A, plastic working is extremely difficult with the addition of (-).

Power, Sb, Te, Cu, In, Mn, Sn c7) Addition amount is 11%, 0.01% by weight, 0.05
In the case of a non-weighted cat, the added effects described below will not even affect the stomach.

Next, in claim (2), the addition of Fe group elements is 0, O.
The reason why the solid solubility of Fe group elements in Ag is limited to 1 to 0.5 wt. 0. This is because addition of less than O1 ton rl''L% has a low effect on adjusting the internal oxidation structure.

Specific examples include Sb, Te, Cu, In, Mn, Sn, and Fe having a purity of 99.5% by weight or more.
, Ni, and Co were used as raw materials to produce an alloy with the composition shown in the table below in the following steps.

After hot forging the surface of an ingot melted and cast in a high frequency induction melting furnace, an Ag plate is thermocompression bonded to the negative surface to form an Ag layer for a brazing filler metal.

5 Next, the material was cold rolled into a plate with a thickness of 2mar, and then punched into a disk shape with a diameter of 6IIIffi, which was heated to 720°C.
The alloys of the present invention ((A) to (H)) were obtained by internally hardening Sb, Te, and other additive metals in a melting atmosphere.

For comparison, conventional alloys such as Ag-10 wt % Cd and others were prepared and subjected to experiments.

The contact test was conducted using an ASTM contact tester (AC200V) for contact resistance, arc consumption, and layered deposit tendency.
,50A) ,! -7-ri wear tester (AC200V,
(Actual test using 1OA93 and commercially available switches) (AC
:200V, 35A) and the evaluation results are shown in the attached table.

(Effect of the invention) According to claim (+) (2), as shown in the attached table, which of the alloys (A) to (H) according to the present invention is applied to the layered deposit of Ag-10Cd h4 conventional example. It is also extremely small, less than 0.1 mm'', indicating that the combined addition of Sb and Te is extremely effective.

However, this is Sb against Ag,! = Composite addition of Te is 1, and addition of only Te oxide prevents layered deposits 1! I would like to point out that the effectiveness of this method is extremely low.

Furthermore, the arc wear ψ is low in all of the alloys of the present invention, and the alloys have an effective effect on arc wear resistance and arc extinguishing properties.

Additionally, Fe, which is a group Ⅰ element, as claimed in claim (2).

Adding one or more of Ni and Co
It is effective in uniformly dispersing the Sb and Te oxides, Cu, In, Mn oxides, and Sn oxides precipitated in the Ag matrix, and also in refining crystal grains.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) The main component is silver, and the metal component is 0.1 to 6.
2% by weight of Sb oxide and 0.05 to 5% of the metal component.
Cu, In, and Mn oxides with a weight percent of oxides, Sn oxides with a metal component of 0.05 to 5 weight percent, and Te oxide with a metal component of 0.01 to 2 weight percent are dispersed. A silver-oxide contact material characterized by: (2) The main component is silver, and the metal component is 0.1 to 6.
2% by weight of Sb oxide and 0.05 to 5% of the metal component.
oxides of Cu, In, and Mn with a weight% of weight%, an oxide of Sn with a metal component of 0.05 to 5% by weight, a Te oxide with a metal component of 0.01 to 2% by weight, and a further metal component. 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of one or more of Fe, Ni, and Co oxides are dispersed therein.
Oxide-based contact material.