JPH0321717B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an excavation rig having a bit device.

(Conventional technology) The conventional technique will be explained with reference to FIG.

The force for the drilling rig to move forward is the rotational force of the hammer cylinder 100 and the hammer cylinder 1.
This is the impact force that a hammer piston (not shown) applies to the top of the cylindrical body 102 from above in the interior of the cylinder 102.
During excavation, when the hammer cylinder 100 is rotated in the direction of arrow A, the device 104 is rotated in the same direction.

A shaft is provided upright at the center of the upper surface of the pilot bit device 106, and an eccentric reamer 110 is loosely fitted into the shaft. Further, a male thread is formed at the tip of the shaft, and is screwed into a female thread formed on the inner wall of the shaft hole drilled in the center of the bottom surface of the device 104, so that the pilot bit device 106 and the eccentric reamer 108 also rotates in the direction of arrow A.

Since the eccentric reamer 108 is loosely fitted to the central shaft of the pilot bit device 106, the eccentric reamer 1
08 rotates in the direction of arrow A, there is a place where one end protrudes from the outer periphery of the excavation pipe 112, and when it is fixed there by the latching action of the stopper 112 and the hook part 114 and rotated, the bit 11 of the eccentric reamer 108
With the action of 0, it is possible to excavate a hole larger than the diameter of the excavation pipe 112, and the excavation pipe 112 can also move forward. Note that the excavated earth and sand is discharged into the excavation pipe 112 via the discharge groove 116.

After drilling is complete, when removing the drilling equipment from the drilling pipe 112, move the hammer cylinder 1 in the direction of arrow B.
A stopper or the like is provided so that the eccentric reamer 108 rotates and stops at a place where the edge of the eccentric reamer 108 becomes smaller than the inner diameter of the tip of the excavation pipe 112.
Pull it out when the movement of 8 stops.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) Since only one eccentric reamer is attached to the conventional drilling equipment, the drilling pipe cannot move forward unless the eccentric reamer makes one revolution, and the drilling pipe cannot be moved forward by driving the hammer piston. The amount of excavation cannot keep up with the forward speed of the hammer cylinder, etc., and the rotation of the hammer cylinder may stop.

Furthermore, since there is only one eccentric reamer, there is a problem in that the attached bit is subject to significant wear.

The area where the stopper that fixes the eccentric reamer at the predetermined excavation position and the hook of the pilot bit device that hooks it in contact has a small area, and in addition, excavation resistance is experienced only in one place, so pressure is concentrated in that area. However, when the abrasion of the contact portion increases and the abrasion becomes severe, the stopper and the hook part no longer engage with each other, causing the eccentric reamer to spin idly, resulting in a problem that the eccentric reamer must be replaced.

As mentioned above, the amount of excavation by the eccentric reamer may not be able to keep up with the forward speed of the drilling pipe, and the rotation of the hammer cylinder may stop. However, when restarting, rotate the hammer cylinder once in the direction of arrow B, Since it is necessary to free the device once, there is also the problem that if this work is often done, the bolts that form the rotation shaft of the pilot bit device and eccentric reamer will loosen, causing the pilot bit device and eccentric reamer to come off from the device. Yes.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following configuration.

That is, in an excavation device having a pit device that is attached to the bottom of a device that receives the impact force of a hammer and the rotational force of a hammer thin lidder and rotates to excavate earth and sand, etc., two shaft holes are made in the bottom of the device. The bit devices are provided in symmetrical positions, and are formed into two substantially semicircular blocks whose bottom surfaces are approximately the same diameter as the device, and each of which has a shaft erected on the upper surface of the two blocks. Two blocks are placed so that their straight end faces face each other with an appropriate distance between them, and the shaft is fitted into the shaft hole so as to be rotatable without slipping out, and the shaft position is adjusted so that the device rotates in the excavation direction. In this case, one end of each of the blocks protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the device by a predetermined amount of excavation, and is eccentric from the center of the device so that the straight end surfaces of both blocks come into contact with each other at that time. It is characterized by

(Operation) Next, the operation will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

When the hammer cylinder 10 rotates in the direction of arrow A, the device 12 also rotates together.

Furthermore, a hammer piston (not shown) is a cylindrical body 13.
By driving the top of the bit device 14a,
14b moves forward.

The pit devices 14a, 14b have eccentric shafts 16a, 1
6b, it is rotatably fixed to the tip of the device 12.

FIG. 2a shows a bottom view of the bit devices 14a, 14b before the hammer cylinder 10 rotates.

Figure b shows a state in which the hammer cylinder 10 is rotated in the direction of arrow A. Due to the rotational force of the device 12 etc. and the effect of the gap 17 shown in a, b
As shown in , the bit devices 14a, 14b are rotated by a predetermined amount in the direction of arrow A' about the eccentric shafts 16a, 16b by the rotational force of the hammer cylinder 10 and the digging resistance. Therefore, the bit device 14a,1
4b can excavate earth and sand with a bit 36 fixed at the tip.

Further, since the contact surface 38 of the bit devices 14a, 14b serves as a stopper for stopping the rotation of both bit devices 14a, 14b, the rotation of the bit devices 14a, 14b is also stopped at a position where a predetermined amount of excavation can be performed.

(Embodiments) Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, the configuration will be explained in detail. In FIGS. 1 and 2, numeral 10 is a hammer cylinder which has a suitable hammer piston (not shown) built therein and is rotated about its axis by a suitable power source (not shown).

A female thread is cut on the inner wall of the lower end of the hammer cylinder 10, and a fixture 20 is screwed into the inner wall.
The fixture 20 is hollow and has a protrusion 22 provided therein. 12 is a device having a spline groove 24 integrally formed in its upper part, a cylindrical body 13 fixed to the upper part, and a collar 26 fixed to the body of the cylindrical body 13.

To attach the device 12 to the hammer cylinder 10, the fixture 20 is fitted onto the device 12 such that the protrusion 22 on its inner surface engages the spline groove 24, and then the collar 26 is secured to the cylindrical body 13 and fixed. It may be screwed onto the lower part of the hammer cylinder 10 using the tool 20. device 12 is color 26
Since it hits the fixture 20, it is prevented from coming off, and it also engages with the spline groove 24 and the protrusion 22, so it rotates together with the hammer cylinder 10.

The aforementioned hammer piston strikes the top of the cylinder 13.

A hooking protrusion 30 is provided on the outer periphery of the device 12 and is hooked onto a step 32 provided on the pipe 18. Furthermore, the device 12 is cut with suitable drainage grooves 34.

Reference numerals 14a and 14b are bit devices having a semicircular shape, and one eccentric shaft 16a and 16b is provided on the circular bottom surface of the device 12 in a point symmetrical position with respect to the center of the bottom surface of the device 12. It is attached to the device 12 by being rotatably fixed in the shaft hole. In this fixing method, grooves are provided on the outer peripheries of the eccentric shafts 16a and 16b, the pins are inserted into the shaft holes, and the tips of the pins are inserted into the grooves through holes (not shown) provided on the side surfaces of the device 12 corresponding to the grooves. By fitting into the device 12, it is rotatably fixed to the device 12.

A sufficient number of pits 36 made of cemented carbide are fixed to the bottoms of the bit devices 14a, 14b.

Next, based on FIG.
b will be explained.

A shows the state of the pit devices 14a, 14b before the hammer cylinder rotates.

Bit device 14 divided into two blocks
a, 14b have eccentric shafts 16a, 16b erected on their upper surfaces, and are fixed to the bottom surface of the device 12 as described above.

The straight end faces of both bit devices 14a, 14b are located opposite to each other with a suitable distance 17 between them.

The positions of both eccentric shafts are such that when the device 12 is rotated in the digging direction (arrow A) as shown in b, one end of each of the bit devices 14a and 14b is placed in a predetermined digging position from the outer peripheral surface of the device 12. In that case, both bit devices 14a and 14b
The straight end surfaces of the device 12 are in contact with each other at the surface 38 to prevent rotation of both pit devices 14a, 14b.
It is located at a point symmetrical position from the center.

Next, the operation will be explained in detail.

When the hammer cylinder 10 receives power and rotates in the direction of arrow A, the device 12 and the bit device 14
a and 14b also rotate in the same direction.

Further, when a hammer piston (not shown) arranged in the hammer cylinder 10 applies an impact force to the top of the cylindrical body 13 from above, the pit devices 14a, 14
b penetrates into the ground, and due to rotational force, the pit 36
excavates the earth and stone.

When the hammer cylinder 10 rotates, the bit devices 14a, 14b are rotatably attached to the eccentric shafts 16a, 1.
6b, and a gap 17 is provided, so that it rotates in the direction of arrow A'.

Furthermore, since both bit devices 14a and 14b receive the force of forward excavation from a hammer piston (not shown), one end thereof protrudes a predetermined amount from the outer periphery of the device 12 due to the excavation resistance force, as shown in FIG. etc. are excavated with Bit 36.

In this case, some surfaces 38 of the straight end faces of both bit devices 14a, 14b come into contact with each other. The surface 38 acts as a stopper and stops the rotation of the bit devices 14a, 14b. Therefore, in this state, bit device 1
4a and 14b receive the rotational force of the hammer cylinder 10 to perform excavation.

It then adds impact force from the hammer and moves forward underground.

A latching portion 30 of the device 12 as shown in FIG.
Since the step 32 of the excavation pipe 18 is locked, the excavation pipe 18 can also move forward as the pit devices 14a, 14b and the device 12 move forward. The excavated earth and sand are blown out from air holes 40a and 40b (see FIG. 2b) provided at the bottom of the device 12 and connected to holes provided at the top of the cylindrical body 13 when the hammer piston falls inside the hammer cylinder 10. It is removed with compressed air and delivered into the excavation pipe 18 via a discharge groove 34 provided in the device 12. Therefore, dirt, etc. can be damaged by bit device 1.
This can prevent clogging in 4a, 14b, etc.

After excavation is completed, the pit devices 14a, 14b, etc. are removed from the excavation pipe 18. At that time, when the hammer cylinder 10 is rotated in the direction of arrow B, the pit devices 14a, 14b operate in the opposite direction to that during excavation. The state shown in Fig. 2a is reached and the diameter of the excavation pipe 18 is equal to or smaller than the lower end of the device 12.
Since it is possible to slide inside the hammer cylinder 10
You can remove the entire device by pulling it out. At this time, the upper end of the fixture 20 engages the collar 26, so that the device 12 and the bit devices 14a, 14b can also be pulled out from the excavation pipe 18.

The bit devices 14a, 14b of this embodiment are provided with a step 42;
This is because the purpose is to prevent horizontal shaking of 14b and to provide a drill-like effect.

In addition, since two bit devices were installed, the bit wear was severe compared to the conventional one, which required only one eccentric reamer.
The amount of wear on the pit of the bit device can be reduced by the present invention.

Furthermore, since the stopper engages over a wider area than conventional stopper mechanisms, there is less wear and there is an economical effect.

Although the present invention has been variously explained above with reference to preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and it goes without saying that many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the excavation device of the present invention, by disposing two bit devices, efficient excavation can be performed and the wear of the bits is evened out.

Furthermore, since the contact area of the stopper portion is widened and the applied pressure is reduced, wear of the stopper portion is also reduced, extending the life of the bit device and having great economical effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an excavating part of an excavating apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a bottom view of a pit apparatus, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an excavating part of a conventional excavating apparatus. 14a, 14b... Bit devices.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In an excavation device having a bit device that is attached to the bottom of a device that receives the impact force of a hammer and the rotational force of a hammer thin lidder and rotates to excavate earth and sand, etc., two shaft holes are arranged point-symmetrically in the bottom of the device. The bit device is formed into two substantially semicircular blocks whose bottom surfaces are approximately the same diameter as the device, and shafts are respectively provided upright on the top surfaces of the two blocks. The shafts are fitted into the shaft holes with their straight end faces facing each other with an appropriate interval so as to be rotatable, and the shaft positions are adjusted when the device rotates in the excavation direction. Further, one end of each of the blocks protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the device by a predetermined amount of excavation, and is eccentric from the center of the device so that the straight end surfaces of both blocks come into contact with each other at that time. Features drilling equipment.