JPH03209399A - Production of fibroin - Google Patents
Production of fibroinInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03209399A JPH03209399A JP242890A JP242890A JPH03209399A JP H03209399 A JPH03209399 A JP H03209399A JP 242890 A JP242890 A JP 242890A JP 242890 A JP242890 A JP 242890A JP H03209399 A JPH03209399 A JP H03209399A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- silk
- water
- fibroin
- glands
- sericin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 108010022355 Fibroins Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 108010013296 Sericins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003187 abdominal effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940127554 medical product Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 108090000526 Papain Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BXKDSDJJOVIHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N edrophonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1 BXKDSDJJOVIHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 lithium thiocyanate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZJZXSOKJEJFHCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;thiocyanate Chemical compound [Li+].[S-]C#N ZJZXSOKJEJFHCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940055729 papain Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019834 papain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明はフィブロインの新規な製法に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a novel method for producing fibroin.
絹糸の主成分であるフィブロインは、成形−可能な天然
の蛋白質として、食品、化粧品、医療品の素材として広
く用いられる。Fibroin, the main component of silk thread, is a moldable natural protein that is widely used as a material for foods, cosmetics, and medical products.
〔従来の技術およびその問題点）
従来、フィブロインは蚕体内より吐糸された繭、これか
ら線源された生糸、セリシンを除いた精練糸、撚糸、製
織された絹製品等を原料として製造されている。ところ
が、これらの原料はいずれも薬剤の散布や処理を受けて
おり、中には人体に有害な薬剤で処理されたものもある
。[Prior art and its problems] Conventionally, fibroin has been produced using cocoons spun from silkworm bodies, raw silk from which radiation is sourced, scoured silk without sericin, twisted thread, woven silk products, etc. There is. However, all of these raw materials have been sprayed with or treated with chemicals, and some of them have been treated with chemicals that are harmful to the human body.
本発明者は、薬剤処理を受けていない純粋なフィブロイ
ンを得る方法を鋭意研究した結果、熟蚕の絹糸腺からフ
ィブロインを得ることにより目的を達成できることを知
り、本発明を完成した。As a result of intensive research into a method for obtaining pure fibroin that has not been subjected to drug treatment, the present inventor found that the objective could be achieved by obtaining fibroin from the silk glands of mature silkworms, and completed the present invention.
従って本発明は、熟蚕から絹糸腺を摘出し、該絹糸腺を
乾燥後、水で膨潤させて絹物質を採取し、水洗後常法に
より絹物質からセリシンを除去することを特徴とするフ
ィブロインの製造法よりなる。Therefore, the present invention provides fibroin, which is characterized in that the silk glands are removed from mature silkworms, the silk glands are dried and swollen with water to collect silk material, and after washing with water, sericin is removed from the silk material by a conventional method. It consists of a manufacturing method.
本発明の製造法を実施するに際して、絹糸腺の採取は、
熟蚕の頭部を切断し、腹部を圧して一対の絹糸腺を押し
出すことによって、あるいは、熟蚕を液体窒素等で急冷
凍結し、乾燥したのち蚕の殻を軽く磨砕し、残った絹糸
腺を採取することによって実施される。かくして得られ
た絹糸腺を水で膨潤させて絹物質を採取し、水洗後編物
質から常法によりセリシンを除去することにより純粋な
フィブロインが得られる。When carrying out the production method of the present invention, silk glands are collected by
By cutting off the head of a mature silkworm and pushing out a pair of silk glands by pressing on the abdomen, or by rapidly freezing the mature silkworm with liquid nitrogen, etc., drying it, and lightly grinding the silkworm shell, the remaining silk thread can be extracted. It is carried out by harvesting the gland. The silk gland thus obtained is swollen with water to collect silk material, and after washing with water, sericin is removed from the knitted material by a conventional method to obtain pure fibroin.
セリシンの除去は、絹物質を炭酸ナトリウムのような弱
アルカリ、チオシアン酸リチウムのような中性塩または
パパインのようなタンパク分解酵素で処理することによ
って行なわれる。好適には、絹物質を炭酸ナトリウムの
ような弱アルカリの水溶液中、８０〜９０℃で加熱する
ことによって行なわれる。Removal of sericin is accomplished by treating the silk material with a weak alkali such as sodium carbonate, a neutral salt such as lithium thiocyanate, or a proteolytic enzyme such as papain. This is preferably carried out by heating the silk material in an aqueous solution of a weak alkali, such as sodium carbonate, at 80-90°C.
次に実施例および試験例を示して本発明をさらに具体的
に説明する。Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples and Test Examples.
実施例 １
熟蚕（１匹、 １．８ｇ）の頭部を切断し、腹部を圧し
て一対の絹糸腺を摘出した。この絹糸腺を十分水洗した
後５０℃以下の温度で１２時間乾燥して０．３ｇの乾燥
絹糸腺を得た。これを再び水で膨潤し、０．５％炭酸ナ
トリウム水溶液（１５ｍｌ、試料重量のおよそ５０倍量
）に加えて８５〜９０℃で２０分間撹拌しながら加熱し
てセリシンを除去し、水洗および乾燥してフィブロイン
（０，２５ｇ）を得た。Example 1 The head of a mature silkworm (1 silkworm, 1.8 g) was cut off, and a pair of silk glands were removed by pressing on the abdomen. The silk glands were thoroughly washed with water and then dried at a temperature of 50° C. or lower for 12 hours to obtain 0.3 g of dried silk glands. This was swollen with water again, added to a 0.5% aqueous sodium carbonate solution (15 ml, approximately 50 times the sample weight), heated at 85-90°C for 20 minutes with stirring to remove sericin, washed with water, and dried. Fibroin (0.25 g) was obtained.
実施例 ２
熟蚕（１匹、１．８ｇ）を液体窒素中で急冷凍結した後
乾燥した。得られた蚕の殻を軽く磨砕すると絹糸腺だけ
となった（０．３ｇ）。この絹糸腺を実施例１と同様に
処理してフィブロイン（０，２５ｇ）を得た。Example 2 A mature silkworm (1 silkworm, 1.8 g) was rapidly frozen in liquid nitrogen and then dried. When the obtained silkworm shell was lightly crushed, only silk glands were left (0.3 g). This silk gland was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain fibroin (0.25 g).
上記実施例１および２で得られたフィブロインは、いず
れも無配向で、シルク■型結晶形態を示す。従って中性
塩の溶液に溶解するとき、絹糸に比較して低温で容易に
溶解し、分子量の低下も少ない。The fibroin obtained in Examples 1 and 2 above were both non-oriented and had a silk ■ type crystal morphology. Therefore, when dissolved in a neutral salt solution, it dissolves easily at a lower temperature than silk thread, and its molecular weight decreases less.
試験例
実施例１または２で得られたフィブロインと絹糸（対照
）を５０％塩化カルシウム水溶液の沸騰したものに溶解
し透析し、塩素イオンがないことを確かめたのち、３％
のフィブロイン溶液を調製した。これをアクリル板に流
し込み、風乾し、絹フィルムを作成しエタノールでβ化
した後その強伸度を測定した。Test Example The fibroin and silk thread (control) obtained in Example 1 or 2 were dissolved in a boiling 50% calcium chloride aqueous solution and dialyzed, and after confirming that there were no chloride ions, 3%
A fibroin solution was prepared. This was poured onto an acrylic plate, air-dried, a silk film was prepared, β-ized with ethanol, and its strength and elongation were measured.
試料は長さ７０ｍｍ、幅１０ｍｍ、厚さ０．５ｍｍとし
、温度２０℃、湿度６５％の条件下で、テンシロンＵＴ
Ｍ−ｎ型（オリエンチック社製）を用い、初期長５０ｍ
１１１引張り速度４ｈ■／ ｍ ｉ ｎで破断強度と伸
度を測定した。その結果を以下に示す。The sample was 70 mm long, 10 mm wide, and 0.5 mm thick. Tensilon UT
Using M-n type (manufactured by Orientic Co., Ltd.), initial length 50 m
111 The breaking strength and elongation were measured at a tensile rate of 4 h/min. The results are shown below.
破断破断
試 料 強度伸度
上記の強度および伸度の相違は分子量の違いによるもの
と思われる。因みに、分子量は絹糸は２万前後、本発明
で得たフィブロインは約５万であった。Fracture Sample Strength and Elongation The above differences in strength and elongation are thought to be due to differences in molecular weight. Incidentally, the molecular weight of the silk thread was around 20,000, and the molecular weight of the fibroin obtained by the present invention was about 50,000.
さらに、本発明の製造法によれば副産物として純粋なセ
リシンを得ることができる。従来セリシンは、繰糸、精
練した絹糸を原料として製造していたため、これらの工
程で使用された界面活性剤を含んでおり、界面活性剤の
除去は困難であった。本発明の製造法においては前述し
たように、絹糸腺から直接採取された絹物質からセリシ
ンが分離されるので界面活性剤等の薬剤を含まない純粋
なセリシンが得られ、このものはフィブロインと同様に
食品、化粧品、医療品の素材として使用されることが期
待される。Furthermore, according to the production method of the present invention, pure sericin can be obtained as a by-product. Conventionally, sericin was manufactured using reeled and refined silk threads as raw materials, and therefore contained surfactants used in these processes, making it difficult to remove the surfactants. As mentioned above, in the production method of the present invention, sericin is separated from silk material directly collected from silk glands, so pure sericin containing no chemicals such as surfactants can be obtained, and this product is similar to fibroin. It is expected to be used as a material for food, cosmetics, and medical products.
Claims (1)
潤させて絹物質を採取し、水洗後常法により絹物質から
セリシンを除去することを特徴とするフィブロインの製
造法。 ２）絹糸腺の摘出が、熟蚕の頭部を切断し、腹部を圧し
て一対の絹糸腺を摘出することからなる請求項１に記載
のフィブロインの製造法。 ３）絹糸腺の摘出が、熟蚕を急冷凍結し、乾燥後に軽く
磨砕し、残存する絹糸腺を採取することからなる請求項
１に記載のフィブロインの製造法。[Claims] 1) A silk gland is removed from a mature silkworm, the silk gland is dried and swollen with water to collect silk material, and after washing with water, sericin is removed from the silk material by a conventional method. A method for producing fibroin. 2) The method for producing fibroin according to claim 1, wherein removing the silk glands comprises cutting off the head of the mature silkworm, pressing the abdomen, and removing a pair of silk glands. 3) The method for producing fibroin according to claim 1, wherein the extraction of the silk glands comprises rapidly freezing the mature silkworms, drying and then lightly crushing them to collect the remaining silk glands.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP242890A JPH03209399A (en) | 1990-01-11 | 1990-01-11 | Production of fibroin |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP242890A JPH03209399A (en) | 1990-01-11 | 1990-01-11 | Production of fibroin |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03209399A true JPH03209399A (en) | 1991-09-12 |
Family
ID=11528991
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP242890A Pending JPH03209399A (en) | 1990-01-11 | 1990-01-11 | Production of fibroin |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03209399A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003037925A3 (en) * | 2001-10-31 | 2003-09-25 | Fritz Vollrath | Precursor silk feedstock for forming filaments |
| JP2009528314A (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2009-08-06 | スピンテック エンジニアリング ジーエムビーエイチ | Arthropod gland extraction method and apparatus |
| US8105633B2 (en) | 2006-03-01 | 2012-01-31 | Spintec Engineering Gmbh | Method and apparatus for extraction of arthropod gland |
-
1990
- 1990-01-11 JP JP242890A patent/JPH03209399A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003037925A3 (en) * | 2001-10-31 | 2003-09-25 | Fritz Vollrath | Precursor silk feedstock for forming filaments |
| JP2009528314A (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2009-08-06 | スピンテック エンジニアリング ジーエムビーエイチ | Arthropod gland extraction method and apparatus |
| US8105633B2 (en) | 2006-03-01 | 2012-01-31 | Spintec Engineering Gmbh | Method and apparatus for extraction of arthropod gland |
| US8287913B2 (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2012-10-16 | Spin'tec Engineering Gmbh | Method and apparatus for extraction of protein material from arthropod glands and a membrane formed therefrom |
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