JPH03166040A - Machine Tools - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] "Industrial Application Field" This invention relates to the Shimo-roku process, which uses a large number of tools and drills holes for reaming under computer control, and This relates to a machine tool that continuously performs reaming on the bottom six. "Conventional technology" Conventionally, when creating a machining program for a numerically controlled machine tool, if the final machining (second machining) shown in the design drawing is a machining that requires pilot hole machining such as reaming. In this case, the operator had to determine the depth of the pilot hole in the first machining by considering the tool diameter and enter the depth of the pilot hole each time in the machining program, which made the machining program difficult. there were. "Problems to be solved by the invention" This invention was made in view of the above problems.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a machine tool that automatically determines the depth of the lower hex for pilot hole machining by simply inputting the machining depth for reaming shown in a drawing and the tool diameter. "Means for Solving the Problem" According to the present invention, as shown in FIG. Setting means 2 for setting a multiple of tool diameter in order to set the difference in machining depth between pilot hole machining and reaming machining in a machine tool that performs machining continuously
is set, the product of the multiple set by the setting means 2 and the tool diameter for reaming is determined, and the machining depth of the pilot hole is machined deeper than the reaming depth according to the determined product. A machine tool is provided which is characterized in that it is configured to: "Operation" According to the above configuration, the operator can input the machining depth for reaming shown in the design drawing and the tool diameter (finished diameter) as a machining program, and then the pilot hole machining and reaming can be performed. Find the product of the tool diameter for reaming and the multiple of the tool diameter set by the setting means to set the difference in machining depth, and ream the depth of the pilot hole by the found amount. Machining is performed deeper than the machining depth. Therefore, pilot hole machining and reaming can be performed satisfactorily without inputting the machining depth for pilot hole machining when creating a machining program. ``Embodiment'' Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the machine tool according to this embodiment. 1 is a central processing unit (CPU) that serves as a calculation means.
). Reference numeral 2 is a pilot hole depth memory, which stores the number of threads for tapping, and stores the multiple of the reamer diameter for reaming. This corresponds to the setting means for setting the difference in machining depth between hole drilling and reaming. 3 is a keyboard that serves as an input device. 4 is a read-only memory (ROM), which controls the CPU to perform various calculations such as determining the machining depth. 5 is a machining program memory for storing machining programs, and stores machining programs according to the type and shape of final machining shown in the design drawings. 6 is a machining pattern memory for storing a machining pattern for the final machining, which is one of the information regarding the pre-machining process, and 7 is another piece of information about the pre-machining process.
8 is a tap pilot hole memory for storing the diameter of the tap pilot hole, and 8 is a machining variation meter that stores the reaming allowance, which is another piece of information from the previous machining process. 9
is the tool information memory, which is a memory for storing information about the tools used for machining. others,
CPU 1 has the spindle rotation speed. head feed,
A ROMIO is connected that stores control information related to XY feed, tool exchange, etc. The number of threads of the tap and the multiple of the diameter of the reamer, which are stored in the prepared hole depth memory 2, are arbitrarily set depending on the work name. etc., and for reaming, the multiple of the diameter is set to 1 to 2, etc. Editing of the machining program in the machining program memory 5 includes a step of inputting drawing data such as tool diameter (hole diameter), a step of selecting the machining order, a step of changing the tool pattern, a step of allocating/changing the tool, and a step of cutting conditions. Each step, such as changing the program, displaying, deleting, and arranging program and memory usage and free space, and input/output with an external program storage device, is performed in the first step.
This is done by operating the keyboard 3 shown in the figure.
The stored contents of the tool information memory 9 include, for example, tool names and required dimensions for each tool number 01 to 07, as shown in the tool list shown in FIG. tool length, and remaining usage time (minutes). Sixty tools can be registered in this tool information memory 9. In the tool list shown in Figure 2, there is a drill. Center hole drill, chamfering tool, tap. Drill with seat. The necessary dimensions required when registering various tools such as reamers are as shown in Figure 2 for the various tools mentioned above. For example, for a drill, the tip angle α, outer diameter φD, and blade length. For a drill with a seat, a smaller diameter φd and a smaller diameter length l1 are required, and for a center hole drill, the blade length is not necessary, but the center angle θ is required.

For taps, please specify the stake length L, outer diameter/nominal diameter, pitch/number of threads. Blade length l. and the thread direction are the required dimensions for registration. The required dimensions of the chamfering tool are small diameter φd. These include the center angle θ and the outer diameter φD. Regarding the reamer, please refer to the section manager L. The outer diameter φD and blade length l are required. For the parts of the required dimensions when registering these tools, please refer to Part 3.
Figures (a) to (f) illustrate various tools such as center hole drills, drills, taps, chamfering tools, seated drills, and reamers. As shown in the tool pattern list shown in FIG. 4, the stored contents of the machining pattern memory 6 include, for example, center hole, hole drilling, etc. for each case with chamfering and without chamfering. Tap. Anaki with seat. Tap with seat. Tool patterns required for various types of machining (final machining) such as top surface milling, reaming, seated reaming, etc. are registered as one of the information regarding the pre-machining process.

In addition, the memory contents of the tap pilot hole memory 7 are as shown in the tap pilot hole drill diameter table shown in FIG. The drill diameter is registered and stored in a list as another piece of information related to the pre-processing process. The stored contents of the machining parameters 8 are for storing reaming allowance and other information necessary for the pre-processing process, and this reaming allowance is set by the operator to, for example, 0.
It can be set arbitrarily in the range of 0.05 to 0.5. FIG. 6 shows the structure of a machine tool equipped with an automatic tool changer according to this embodiment, in which 11 is a feed screw rotated by a feed motor 12, and 13 is a spindle that is reciprocated by the feed screw 11. It is the head. A spindle motor 14 is mounted on the spindle head 13, a spindle 15 is rotationally driven by the spindle motor 14, and a processing tool 16, such as a drill, is mounted on the spindle 15. Reference numeral 17 denotes a tool magazine, which is rotatably supported on a tool support 19 that is supported movably in the axial direction of the spindle 15 with respect to the frame 18. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the machine tool, in which 12 is a feed motor, 14 is a spindle motor, and 17 is a tool magazine, which is covered with a cover. 18 is a frame, and a computer 20 including a keyboard 3 is fixed to this frame 18 by a support arm 2l. 22 is an XY table that performs XY feed in the horizontal direction. The computer 20 includes the CPU 1, a prepared hole depth memory 2, a ROM 4, and a machining program memory 5. Machining pattern memory 6, tap pre-hole memory 7, machining parameters 8, tool information memory 9, and ROMIO
etc. are stored. FIG. 8 is a front view of the computer 20. This computer 20 includes a keyboard 3 and a cathode ray tube (CRT).
) screen 23 is provided. The computer 20 also has the function of controlling the display on the screen 23. The keyboard 3 also includes program editing keys 31 . Numeric keypad 32. Setting key 33. Up/down movement key 34. Delete key 3
5, and an insert key 36. ``Operation'' Next, the operation of the machine tool according to this embodiment will be explained. In order to process a workpiece using the machine tool of this embodiment, as shown in the flowchart shown in FIG. , perform processing start step 103. The final machining explained in this example is as shown in FIG. 10, in which tap machining with a nominal size of 86 and pitch of 1 and reaming with a hole diameter of 61111 are performed on the workpiece 24 at the illustrated dimensional position. The machining program in this example is as shown in the machining program table shown in FIG.
In the first step indicated as step number 01, tapping is performed according to the specifications shown in the drawing, and in the second step indicated as step number 02, reaming is performed according to the specifications shown in the drawing. Figures 12 to 1 show how to input the machining program shown in Figure 11.
The CRT screen 23 shown in Figure 8 will be explained. To enter the machining program, the program editing mode key 31 on the keyboard 3 shown in FIG. 8 is pressed, the program screen is selected, and the program display at the top of the screen 23 as shown in FIG. Seven menus are displayed in the area. In addition, it is required to input the menu number using the cursor 23a in the input request display area. In order to input the machining program shown in Fig. 11, you should first select the machining data mode of menu number 1 (1), so press the number (1>) on the numeric keypad 32 shown in Fig. Press the key 33 to input. When the machining data mode is input, the display shown in FIG. 13 appears on the screen 23, and the program No.
．． It asks for. Furthermore, the bright spot 23b blinks. Therefore, program No. When set to (1000), enter (1000) using the numeric keypad 32, and then press the setting key 3.
Press 3. The program number moves to the program display area at the top of the screen 23, and the screen 23 changes to the one shown in FIG.
Since the X value of the machining origin is requested, input the X value (100) of the machining origin using the numeric keypad 32 as per the machining program shown in FIG. 11, and press the setting key 33.
Next, the Y value of the machining origin is requested, so input the Y value (100) in the same way and press the setting key 33 again, and the screen 23 changes to the one shown in FIG. 15. Here, since the input of the number of workpieces is required, the number of workpieces is one as shown in the machining program shown in FIG.
2, enter the number of pieces (1>) and press the setting key 33. The hundred face 23 changes to the one shown in Fig. 16, and it is required to input the workpiece material. Since the material is carbon steel S45C, the screen 23 Select number (1) from the menu in the teaching data display area at the bottom, enter number (1) using the numeric keypad 32, and press the setting key 33.Screen 2
3 changes to the one shown in FIG. 17, and a machining pattern list is displayed in the teaching data display area at the bottom of the screen 23 as shown in the figure.
Use the cursor 23a to select whether the type of machining in the first process is center hole machining, hole machining, tapping machining, seated hole drilling, seated tapping, top surface milling, reaming, etc. You will be required to enter the As shown in the machining program shown in FIG. 11, the first step (process number 01) involves tapping, so the tapping number (
3) and enter “Settings”. Next, the screen 23 changes to the one shown in FIG. 18, and it is required to input the type of screw. Since we are machining a metric coarse thread, enter its number (1) and enter "Settings". Since you are required to enter the nominal size, follow the machining program shown in Figure 11 and select "6". When you input "Setup", "M6" is displayed after "Tap" in the program display area, and you are then required to input the pitch, so enter "1" and "Setup". Thereafter, in the same manner, according to the machining program shown in FIG.
Machining depth "20", work height "80" one plow. Return height "85" Soo. and rX=20 for XY position
By inputting J, rY=20, it is possible to input the machining program for the first step of tapping. Similarly, for the second step, according to the machining program shown in the 11th self-illustration, the process number r02J and the machining method "reamer" are selected. Hole diameter r01mm, chamfer "no". 2-axis end "blind hole". Machining depth r30" sui, work height "
80” Question. Return height r85”ms, XY position rx=a
oJ, rY = 35''mm can be input, and the program ends. Next, step 102 "Execute tool allocation" shown in FIG. 9 is performed. The flowchart for performing this step 102 is as shown in FIG. 19. In FIG. 19, tool allocation is started by command 201. and command 2
In command 02, the number of allocations N=O is registered, and in command 203, the number of allocations N=N+1 is registered. In the command 204, the type of machining (=1>number) of the machining program is
In this example, tap processing) is read out. Instruction 205
Now, read the (pre-machining) data from the tool pattern list (shown in Figure 4) according to the type of machining.The first process in this example is tapping with a chamfer, so this tap The tools required for machining are ``1. Center hole drill J.r2. Drill J.r3. Chamfering tool'' and ``4. Tap'' are read as pre-machining data from the tool pattern list shown in Figure 4. Command 2
In step 06, the tool corresponding to the type of machining is selected from the tool list (shown in Figure 2) (according to the machining program) and written in the used tool area (as tool information).
In the branch instruction 207, it is calculated whether or not it is the end of the program, and if a negative result is obtained, the process returns to the instruction 203, and the instructions 203 to 206 are repeatedly executed. (without chamfering), select "1. Center hole drill" from the tool pattern list shown in Figure 4. and "2, Drill reamer" are read as pre-machining data, the data of reaming allowance 8 is imported, the tool with the corresponding tool name is selected from the tool list shown in Figure 2, and the machining type is selected from the machining program area. The corresponding tool is written as tool information in the used tool area using the tool number. Then, in the branch instruction 207,
When an affirmative YES result is obtained by the calculation as to whether or not the program has ended, the tool allocation program is brought to an end by displaying the data of the used tool area and the mounting position of the magazine (on the screen 23) in command 208. When the tool allocation is completed in this way, the tools required to execute the machining program are displayed in the teaching data display area at the bottom of the screen 23, as shown in FIG. Magazine number 1 indicating position
~10 is displayed. If the program display area at the top of the screen 23 is blank as shown in FIG.
At the same time, the numeric keypad 32 and setting key 33
If you enter "1", "setting J, r2" r setting,, r3" r setting", etc., the tool mounting position will be stored in the magazine mounting position memory. Cursor 2 before input
Set 3m to the magazine number using the up and down keys 34.
Furthermore, if the tool used before the current machining program is already displayed at the top of the screen 23, the previously used tool can be used by making some corrections. When changing a tool for modification, enter the new tool number in its magazine number. If a tool is only to be removed for correction, move the cursor 23a to the magazine number and press the delete key 35 to make the tool in the magazine blank. Insert key 36 is ignored. When step 102 of executing tool assignment is completed as described above, machining start step 103 shown in FIG. 9 can be executed. The execution (start) of the machining program is performed according to the flowchart shown in FIG.
3, the number of executions is registered as N=N+1. In command 304, the processing type of the N-numbered process is read. In command 305, depending on the type of processing (as shown in FIG. 4)
Data is read from the tool pattern list and the pre-machining process is read out. Then, in command 306, a tool (with the designated tool number) is selected from the tool list (shown in Figure 2) according to the type of machining and machining is performed sequentially. Branch instruction 3
In step 07, it is calculated whether the machining program is at the end or not, and if a negative result is obtained, the process returns to instruction 303.
Repeatedly execute instructions 303 to 307 and branch instruction 3
When the program end is affirmed YES in step 07, the execution of the machining program ends. The manner in which the machining program is executed is briefly described above, but an example of executing tapping machining will be further explained with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 22.

In FIG. 22, when the program for executing tap machining is started by command 401, the machining pattern for tap machining is determined by command 402 from the tool pattern list shown in FIG. .Drill"
．． Reads that tools are required in the order of "3. Chamfering tool" and "4. Tap" and reads the pre-processing process. Command 4
In 03, the diameter of the tap pilot hole is determined from the tap pilot hole drill diameter table (shown in Figure 5). Read out that the hole drill diameter is 5.0 mm as pre-processing (data). Next, in command 404, the tip diameter of the center hole drill is set to the diameter of the tapped hole (5.0 mm).
) from the tool list shown in Figure 2 showing tool information, select the tool number 03 for the center hole drill smaller than 03, and replace the tool. Then, in command 405, a center hole is machined at a predetermined position specified by the machining program. By command 406, the pilot hole drill diameter (5 mm) obtained from the tap pilot hole drill diameter list shown in FIG.
) and whose tool length should be longer than the depth of the bottom (tool number 02) from the tool list shown in Figure 2, and replace the tool. In command 407, the depth of the pilot hole is determined using the following formula (1), and the pilot hole is machined to that depth. ) Select tool number 04) from the illustration in Figure 2 and change the tool.Then, in command 409, chamfering is performed.Subsequently, in command 410, if the nominal length is longer than the machining depth (25m+*), Select the same tap (tool number 05) as in (N6) from the illustration in Figure 2, change the tool, and perform tapping in command 411. In command 412, the return height (85-1) is set. Move the spindle to the correct position and stop. With the above, the execution of the tap machining input as the first step of the machining program is completed.Furthermore, the reaming machining input as the second step of the machining program is executed. An example will be explained with reference to the flowchart shown in Fig. 23. In Fig. 23, when a program for executing reaming is started by an instruction 501, an instruction 502 changes the machining pattern for reaming to the tool pattern shown in Fig. 4. From the list, it is read that tools are required in the order of "1. Center hole drill 4, r2. Drill reamer" and the pre-processing process is read.In command 503, the lower diameter of the reamer is machined and the reamer with parameter 8 is read. For example, when reaming a hole with a diameter of 6 mm as in this example, if the machining allowance is set to 0.5 m-, the pre-processing (data Then, in command 504, the tool number of the center hole drill whose tip diameter is smaller than the diameter of the tapped hole (5.0 mm) is 03 is read out as shown in the second diagram showing the tool information. Select from the tool list and change the tool.
Then, in command 505, a center hole is machined at a predetermined position specified by the machining program. Instruction 506
The drill diameter of the pilot hole obtained from the list of drill diameters of the pilot hole determined from the reaming allowance of processing parameter 8 (5 questions)
Select a drill (tool number 02) that is the same as and whose tool length should be longer than the depth of the bottom six from the tool list shown in Figure 2, and replace the tool. In command 507, the depth of the pilot hole is determined using the following formula (2), and the pilot hole is machined to that depth. (Reamer processing depth) + {(Reamer diameter) x (Multiple of reamer diameter )}...(2) In the instruction 508,
Select a reamer (tool number 07) whose blade length is longer than the machining depth and the same as the hole diameter from the illustration in Figure 2, and replace the tool. Then, in command 509, reaming is performed. In command 510, the main shaft is moved to a position matching the return height (85 mm) and stopped. With the above, the execution of the reaming process input as the second step of the machining program is completed. According to the above embodiment, the machine user can edit the machining program by sequentially inputting the final machining process and related dimensions shown in the drawing in response to the questions on the CRT screen, which simplifies programming by the machine user. It has the advantage of being Furthermore, since no NC language is required for inputting the final machining process, programming is even easier. The order of tools for machining, tool selection, etc. are stored separately in the tool information memory of the machine and the machining pattern memory indicating the pre-machining process. It is possible to input data such as the machining estimator and reaming allowance into the memory. Furthermore, in this invention, in the case of reaming, since a multiple of the diameter of the reamer is input into the prepared hole depth memory, the depth of the lower hex automatically changes according to the diameter. The advantage is that there is no need to input the lower depth when creating a machining program for each reamer with different values. "Effect" As described above, since the machine tool according to the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, when drilling a prepared hole for reaming, the machining depth for reaming shown in the drawing is input, and the tool diameter is also input. Since the depth of each lower hole is automatically determined just by inputting it, there is an excellent effect that there is no need to input the depth of the pilot hole each time when creating a machining program.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a tool list showing the stored contents of the tool information memory, and Fig. 3 shows the required dimensions for each tool when registering the tool. FIG. 4 is a tool pattern list showing the memory contents of the machining pattern memory, FIG. 5 is a tap preparation hole drill diameter list showing the memory contents of the tap preparation hole memory, and FIG.
7 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the machine tool, FIG. 8 is a front view of the computer in the machine tool, and FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing the structure of the machine tool according to this embodiment. A flowchart showing a method of processing a workpiece using a machine, FIGS. A machining program table showing the contents of the machining program in this embodiment, FIGS. 12 to 18 are front views of the computer screen showing how to input the machining program, FIG. 19 is a flow chart showing execution of tool assignment, and FIG. The figure is a front view of the CRT screen showing the state in which tools are displayed, Figure 21 is a flowchart showing execution of the machining program, Figure 22 is a flowchart showing execution of tap machining, and Figure 23 is a flowchart showing execution of reamer machining. 1. CPU, 2. Prepared hole depth memory, 3. Keyboard, 4. ROM, 5.
...Machining program memory. Figure 5 Tap pilot hole drill diameter list No. 6 (2l Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 r2 za 12 Mouth lj 13 Figure 14 Figure 23 Figure 15 Figure 23 Younger brother 16 23 17th Figure 23 1812 F1 19th tool allocation, flowchart Figure 20 Figure 121

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a machine tool that performs pilot hole processing for drilling a hole for reaming, and reaming the pilot hole formed by the processing, the machining depth of the pilot hole processing and reaming. A setting means for setting a multiple of the tool diameter is provided in order to set the amount of difference in the thickness, and the product of the multiple set by the setting means and the tool diameter for reaming is determined, and the tool is adjusted according to the obtained product. A machine tool characterized in that the machining depth of pilot hole machining is deeper than the depth of reaming machining.