JPH03140165A - Analeptic device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a resuscitator which can be operated by one hand and surely supplies a fixed quantity of gas to a patient by compressing a chamber by force applied by one hand to supply a designated quantity of gas, and sealing between a supply means and the jaw and the face area when the chamber is compressed. CONSTITUTION: A palm of one hand is placed on the compressing part or the top part of a housing 21, and the device is grasped along a grip 28 with the thumb and the other fingers. A mask 34 is pressed to the face area of a patient to seal between the mask 34 and the jaw and the face area. The device is compressed by the same hand and the compressive force is applied to both ends 22 of a housing 21. Accordingly, a chamber 26 is compressed to supply a designated amount of gas through the mask 34 to the patient. When the chamber 26 is completely compressed, the compressive force is weakened to refill the chamber 26 with gas through a filled manifold 35. The applied sealing force is selectively kept or completely or partially released in the filling period to keep or release sealing of the jay and the face area of a patient according to a desire, so that the pressure for exhaling is kept positive.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention This invention relates to manual resuscitators and other instruments for supplying air or other suitable gases or gas mixtures to the respiratory system during emergency treatment. In particular, this invention relates to a one-handed resuscitator that delivers gas to the respiratory system.

[Conventional technology]

In medical emergencies, it is usually necessary to assist the patient in breathing. If you don't have sophisticated breathing equipment, a "portable resuscitator" or
``Bag valve mask equipment'' and ``bag mask blower'' are used. Conventional bag-mask resuscitators include a plastic or rubber face mask, a valve or tube, and a bag. The face mask conforms to the radial contours of the human face, lips, teeth and gums (all or part of the maxillofacial region) to fit the patient's face. The valve or tube is usually a generally L-shaped tube placed between the mask and the bag.

A valve or tube has one or more valves that regulate the flow of gas in both directions within the valve or tube. The bag forms a compressible chamber which, when full, typically contains 1,000-1,6° Oml of gas. When the bag is compressed, gas leaves the bag and passes through the valve,
Pass through the tube and mask to the patient. A typical prior art device of this kind is the Laerdal Portable.
Resuscitator, the Ambu (registered trademark) Universal Re5uscita
tor MS-30, the Hope II R
e5uscitator (both DynaMed, I
nc, 6200 Yarr.

w Drive, Carlsbad, C
Commercially available at a1ifornia 92008, item numbers are in order 1. : E O9570SE 212
26, E17236).

There are two major problems with such conventional bag mask resuscitators. The first problem is that public health nurses only have two hands, so they must (1) maintain a seal between the mask and the patient's maxillofacial area, and (2) hold the patient's head and neck with one hand. (3) difficult to maintain in position and (3) press the bag with the other hand to deliver gas to the patient. With the patient on your back, the patient's head and neck are in a normal or “natural” position.
When in position, the airway to the respiratory system may be partially or completely occluded by the tongue retracting into the posterior oropharynx. When the head and neck are in a neutral position, three corners are formed along the airway, making it difficult for gas to reach the lungs. To prevent tongue blockage and allow gas to flow as freely as possible, keep your head and neck fully extended, lift your jaw, and move your tongue forward until the gas reaches your tracheal system. You need to stop after passing one corner. However, since a seal between the mask and the patient's maxillofacial area must be maintained, the public health nurse applies pressure to the maxillofacial area, especially the chin.

This pressing force places the patient's head and neck in a neutral or curved position.

Public health nurses have proposed several methods to reconcile these opposing forces. The most common method is to connect the mask to the maxillofacial area by holding the mask between your thumb and two fingers and placing the remaining fingers on the patient's chin to "press" the mask against the patient's maxillofacial area. The goal is to maintain a sealed condition. In this way, the head and neck can be stretched by the pressing force of the fingers touching the chin. however,
(1) The tightening hand quickly becomes tired and cannot maintain a proper seal, and (2) the head and neck tend to return to a neutral position, so you must continually check to see if the airway is open. It won't happen. Therefore, this method is only partially effective.

Another method is to support the head and neck in an extended position with the public health nurse's knees and use one hand to form a seal between the mask and the patient's maxillofacial area. However, this method is useless if the patient is not lying on the ground or other surface that the nurse can climb onto to use her knees.

A second major problem associated with conventional resuscitators is the inability to constantly supply a sufficient amount of gas to the patient. To properly exchange carbon dioxide from the blood, a certain minimum amount of gas must pass into and out of the lungs.

Conversely, if too much gas is supplied, the patient's lungs may be damaged. In particular, small individuals, ie children, are particularly susceptible to such damage. The American Heart Association proposes 800 m1 as the standard volume of gas that should be supplied to adults when using a resuscitator to ventilate an adult. Conventional resuscitator bags have a volume of 1 liter or more and are not graduated, so the public health nurse cannot tell how much gas has been delivered to the patient. Therefore, it is difficult to determine whether too much or too little gas has been supplied to the patient. Additionally, bags are typically large in circumference, making it difficult to force large volumes of gas out. Also, because the bag is large, the hand pushing the bag gets tired quickly, reducing the amount of gas delivered to the patient. These problems are further complicated when the same device is used for both adults and children, who require different amounts of gas.

Accordingly, it would be desirable to provide a resuscitator that can be operated with one hand so that one hand can maintain the patient's head and neck in an extended position. Furthermore, it is desirable that the resuscitator be able to reliably and constantly supply the patient with a certain amount of gas determined by the public health nurse who uses the resuscitator.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention provides a resuscitator that supplies air or other suitable gas or gas mixture to a patient's respiratory system, which can be operated with one hand, and which can be operated with the other hand to control the patient's head and body. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device that can hold the neck and reliably and constantly supply a constant amount of gas to the patient.

[Means for Solving the Problems, Actions, and Effects of the Invention] In order to achieve this problem, the resuscitator based on the present invention includes a housing that defines a chamber, a supply means for supplying gas in the room to a patient, , and filling means for filling the chamber with gas. During use, a force applied with one hand selectively compresses the chamber to deliver a predetermined amount of gas to the solid, creating a seal between the delivery means (mask) and the maxillofacial region of the patient upon compression of the chamber; To maintain or break the seal when the chamber is full/
% oozing and supply means are arranged. Although the claims specify that the invention can be operated with one hand, it should be noted that the instrument of the invention can be operated with other than one hand (eg, both hands, or the knee).

Furthermore, the resuscitator of the invention includes means for limiting the spatial volume of the chamber or for limiting the compression state of the chamber (limiting the supply) so that the amount of gas supplied to the patient can be adjusted.
They also have the means.

[Example] A preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 1-4.

As shown in FIG. 1, in its fully extended, unassembled state, the housing 21 has a generally oval cross-section and a hollow, elongated "accordion"-like structure with a closed end 22. . Housing 21 is 8.2 inches long when fully extended, with transverse dimensions of 8.0 inches along the major axis and 5.6 inches along the minor axis. Along its length, the housing 21 has two end baffles 2
3. 2 middle baffles 24. 1 middle baffle 25
It is divided into Central baffle 25, intermediate baffle 24
, the respective widths of the end baffles 23 to the housing 21
If the total Δpi is taken along the long plane direction, then the center baffle 25
is 1.2 inches, the middle baffle 24 is 1.5 inches, and the end baffle 23 is 0.5 inches. Grip 28
are molded into the surface of each closed end 22 of housing 21. Although housing 21 may be formed from any flexible material that is substantially gas impermeable, in the preferred embodiment housing 21 is blow molded from a thermoplastic material such as polyethylene.

Housing 21 is hollow and defines a compressible chamber 26 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, on one of the long sides of central baffle 25 is located a supply manifold 27 having a cross-sectional diameter of 0.86 inches. A supply manifold 27 extends from housing 21 into chamber 26 . Compression of chamber 26 causes gas to pass through supply manifold 27 . As shown in FIG.
It is 5. Fill manifold 35 has a one-way valve 36 that allows gas to pass into the chamber as it refills. It is noted that the term "filling means" also includes other means for filling the chamber with gas, which are known to those skilled in the art but are not specifically disclosed herein. As long as the filling means is arranged relative to another element of the device of the invention, gas can be delivered to the patient with one hand and the maxillofacial region of the patient is sealed, as described in the claims and below. The term "filling means" is also used in the claims.

When the preferred embodiment resuscitator 20 is assembled, the housing 21 is partially compressed by two springs 29 into a bellows-like shape. Spring 29 is formed from heavy wire into the shape shown in FIG. For spring 29, bend the wire 90 degrees to the right at 0.1 inch from one end.
2.9" from there, bend 586 left, 1.3" from there, bend 58" left, 2.9" from there, bend 90 degrees to the right, 0.1" from there. The extended portion is formed to be the other end of the spring 29. Both ends of each spring 29 have hooks 31.

In order to give the housing 21 a bellows shape as shown in FIG. 1) the compressed end of housing 21 remains compressed; and (2) the free end of spring 29 extends away from end 22 of housing 21. Hooks 31 at each end of each spring 29 are secured to the end baffle 23 at four points 32 (only one is shown in FIG. 1). spring 29
2, the housing 21 opens into a bellows-like shape as shown in FIG. Spring 29 prevents housing 21 from being fully compressed during use, and when no compressive force is applied to end 22 of housing 21.
No. 1 Pull the housing 21 to the "open" position.

A preferred embodiment includes a supply means for supplying gas to the patient. The supply means have a tube 33 and a mask 34. Tube 3 with a diameter of 0.86 inches and a length of 6.0 inches
3, the nozzle 21 is arranged so that the gas passing through the supply manifold 27 passes through the tube 33, as shown in FIG.
It is connected to the.

The tube 33 does not necessarily have to have a valve and an outlet to regulate the direction of gas flowing therein. The preferred embodiment includes a one-way valve 70 and a discharge lower 1. One-way valve 70 allows gas to flow from the chamber toward the mask, but prevents gas from flowing from the patient's lungs toward the chamber. Gas leaving the patient's lungs is discharged via the discharge lower 1. Such valves and other suitable valves, outlets, and their arrangement for such purposes,
Known among those skilled in the art.

As shown in FIG. 2, the other end of the tube 33 is attached to a mask 34. As shown in FIG. Masks conventionally used as resuscitators are suitable and commercially available (such as from Dyna Med).

Alternatively, the supply means may include other means for introducing gas into the respiratory system, such as an endotracheal tube or oesophageal closed airway. Other means of supplying gas to the patient, which are known to those skilled in the art but are not specifically mentioned herein, are included in the term "supply means".

These known delivery means may be arranged relative to the other elements of the device of the invention to deliver gas to the patient with one hand and seal the maxillofacial region of the patient as described in the claims and below. Wherever possible, this terminology is used in the claims.

The connections between the housing 21, the tube 33, and the mask 34 are sealed to prevent gas from escaping.

5 and 6, another embodiment of the instrument housing of the present invention is shown. As shown in FIG. 5, an alternative housing 41, unlike the preferred embodiment, is
It is configured as a true "bellows" with two closed ends having a generally rectangular cross section measuring inches by 5.0 inches.

End 42 is connected at one end to central baffle 45 .

The other end of end 42 is connected to end baffle 43.

End baffle 43 is connected to central baffle 45. The center baffle 45 is 1.2 inches wide and the end baffles 43 are 3.0 inches wide. A grip 48 is formed on the surface of the end 42 of the housing 41. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the housing 41 is
A central baffle 45 is provided with a supply manifold 47 on one long side. The supply means previously described can also be used in this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 5, the housing 41 has a filling manifold (not shown) and a filling valve 46 as filling means. A fill valve 46 is located on one short side of the central baffle 45 and is similar in construction to the preferred embodiment. Alternatively, the filling means of the device of the invention may be located elsewhere in the housing, or at a location other than the housing (eg, in the tube from the chamber to the mask). If the filling means is not located in the housing, the flow of gas through the device must be appropriately regulated to ensure that the chamber is filled with fresh gas rather than gas from the patient's lungs. .

However, housing 41 does not have two springs unlike the preferred embodiment. Compression of the housing is prevented by a single coil spring 50 shown in FIG. The coil spring 50 forces the nozzle housing 41 into an expanded position when no compressive force is applied to the nozzle housing 41. Alternatively, the inflated position is maintained by placing an internal form (eg, foam, sponge, etc.) within the housing.

Although housing 41 can be formed from a substantially gas-impermeable flexible material, in this alternative embodiment housing 41 is formed from cardboard or other paper product.

The term "housing" refers to the use of housing in relation to other elements of the device of the invention to enable one-handed delivery of gas to the patient while still sealing the maxillofacial region, as described in the claims and below. The term "housing" also includes other forms of housing for the device of the invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art but are not specifically described herein, since they are used in the claims as arranged. It will be done.

The preferred embodiment of the resuscitator 20 of the present invention also includes means for limiting the amount of gas delivered to the patient from the chamber when the chamber is compressed. Such space restriction means can be used in most embodiments of the device of this invention. In FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, two methods of limiting the space and volume of the expanded chamber are illustrated. 1 and 3, a punching strip 40 is attached to the closed end of the housing at nine points. Most of the length of the strip covers the housing. In order to limit the volume of the chamber space, the punched strip 40 is inserted through the slot 39 in the other closed end of the housing and engages the tab 60 of the housing 21 to form the notched strip 4.
0 is retained. ``Each of the punched strips 40 corresponds to a predetermined different chamber volume. FIG. 4 shows the use of a pair of Velcro strips 37 and 38. One Velcro 37 is fully secured over its entire length to one closed end of the housing. The other Velcro 38 is attached at one end to the other closed end of the housing, with substantially the entire length of the strip covering the housing. To limit the spatial volume of the chamber, freely depending strips 38 engage fixed strips 37. In this way, the housing is prevented from expanding beyond the entire length of the strip 38 spanned between its ends. By engaging the more central part of the strip 38 with the fixing strip 37, the spatial volume of the chamber is reduced. The strip 38 is marked at various points, and by engaging the marked portions with the Velcro strip 37, the volume of the space is indicated.

A preferred method of operating the instrument 10 of the present invention is shown in FIG. Place the palm of one hand on the compression section or top of the housing 21. Grasp the instrument along the grip 28 with your thumb and fingers. Mask 34 is then pressed against the patient's facial area to create a seal between mask 34 and the maxillofacial area. Once a seal is achieved, compress the instrument with the same hand. The direction in which the compressive force is applied is different from the direction in which the sealing force is applied (ie, in a direction other than the direction in which the sealing force is applied). A compressive force is applied to both ends 22 of the housing 21.

Accordingly, chamber 26 is compressed and a predetermined amount of gas is delivered to the patient via mask 34. Once the chamber 26 is fully compressed, the compressive force applied to the housing is reduced and the chamber 26 is refilled with gas via the fill manifold 35. The applied sealing force may be selectively maintained or fully or partially released during the filling phase to maintain or release the seal in the patient's maxillofacial region as desired, allowing breathing to occur. Maintain positive exhalation pressure. The ability to hold the device in this way to achieve a seal and to apply compressive force to the chamber can be accomplished with one hand, which is a distinctive feature of the device of the present invention compared to the prior art.

The embodiments of the devices of the invention described herein include maintaining a substantially constant distance between the point of force applied to the device with one hand and the patient's maxillofacial area where the applied force achieves a seal. It has the characteristic of being Although the embodiments described herein are characterized by such features, the claims are not limited to such features unless expressly stated otherwise. In some embodiments intended to be within the scope of the claims, the distances described above are not maintained. The distance remains constant as long as the embodiment has all the requirements and features recited in the claims that do not explicitly require that the distance be maintained constant as described above. Such embodiments are within the scope of the claims, whether or not explicitly stated.

Figures 7 to 11 show 5
Another mechanism of the kind is shown. In FIG. 7, tab 73
The hole 72 engages the vial 74 to reduce the expansion volume of the chamber. Alternatively or alternatively, the slot 75 of the tab 76 may engage the bin 74 to limit the spatial volume of the chamber. In the uncompressed state of the device, the bin 74 is located close to the free end of the tab 76 in the slot 75;
Half of the chamber does not open completely. When the housing is compressed, the bin 74 slides towards the other end of the slot 75 and the spatial volume is completely filled. In FIG. 8, the bins 77 are engaged in holes 78 corresponding to different spatial volumes. When the housing attempts to open, the pin 77 contacts ribs 80 and 81 to prevent the housing from fully opening. In FIG. 9, bin 82 engages clip 83 to prevent the chamber from opening fully. By passing the clip 83 to another pair of bins, the spatial volume is changed.

In Figures 10a and 10b, the knob 84 fits into four internal recesses 85 corresponding to the different spatial volumes of the four dishes. By compressing the chamber and then pulling and rotating the knob 84 and pushing it back, the bin 86 is engaged in the internal recess corresponding to the desired spatial volume. When the chamber is uncompressed, the ends of the internal recess prevent a full inch of the chamber. In FIG. 11, one end of the instrument is provided with a sliding member 87 to which one end of a string 88 is attached.

String 88 extends through hole 89 and its other end is attached at point 90 to the opposite end of the device. String 8 extending between eight holes and point 90 by sliding member 87
Adjust the length of 8 to increase or decrease the spatial volume of the chamber. These examples of space-limiting means for use in the apparatus of this invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Other space restriction means may also be used with the device of the invention. Such other space limiting means also fall within the scope of this invention.

In order to limit the volume of gas delivered to the patient, embodiments of the invention may be provided with housing and chamber compression state limiting means. FIGS. 12 and 13 show an AT supply restriction mechanism that limits the volume of gas supplied to the patient. In FIG. 12, the volume of gas delivered is limited by adjusting the sliding member 91 to various positions corresponding to different delivery volumes to prevent complete compression of the chamber. . In FIG. 13, bins 92 are shown in bins corresponding to various supply volumes.
By inserting the gas into the various holes 93 to prevent the chamber from being completely compressed, the volume of gas supplied is limited. Other feed restriction means may also be used with the device of this invention. Such other supply restriction means also fall within the scope of this invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description that the apparatus shown herein can be modified in various ways without departing from the invention, and therefore the invention may be modified in various ways without departing from the essential requirements of the invention. It can be implemented in various ways. Therefore, the embodiments shown herein are for illustrative purposes only, and should not be construed as limiting the invention to these embodiments. The scope of the invention is indicated by the claims rather than the foregoing description. All changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a preferred embodiment of the device of this invention. FIG. 2 is a partially cut away view of the preferred embodiment. FIG. 3 is a pictorial diagram showing an embodiment of the volume limiting means and one-handed operation. FIG. 4 is a pictorial diagram of another embodiment of the volume limiting means used in the device of the invention. FIG. 5 is a pictorial diagram of another embodiment of the device of the invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 5 taken along line 6--6. 7-11 are pictorial illustrations of various embodiments of volume restriction means used in the device of the present invention. FIGS. 12 and 13 are pictorial diagrams showing an embodiment of the supply restriction means used in the present invention. 20...Resuscitator, 21...Housing, 26...
Compressible chamber, 27... Supply manifold, 29...
・Spring, 33...Tube, 34...Mask, 35...
Filling manifold, 40...strip

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A resuscitator that supplies air or other suitable gas or gas mixture to the respiratory system of a solid body, which defines a compressible chamber, and when the chamber is compressed, the gas in the chamber is released. a housing having at least one supply manifold passing therethrough; a supply means communicating with the supply manifold and supplying the solid with gas passing through the supply manifold when the chamber is compressed; a filling means for filling the chamber with gas, and in use, a force applied with one hand compresses the chamber to deliver a predetermined amount of gas to the solid body, and upon compression of the chamber, the supply means and the maxillofacial region of the solid body are connected. A resuscitator, characterized in that the housing and supply means are arranged to maintain or break the seal when the chamber is compressed or filled. 2. The resuscitator according to claim 1, wherein the supply means has a mask section that communicates with the supply manifold and supplies the gas sent from the chamber via the supply manifold to the solid body. . 3. The supply means has a pipe communicating with the supply manifold and a mask part communicating with the pipe and supplying the gas sent from the chamber through the pipe to the solid. A resuscitator according to claim 1, characterized in that: 4. A resuscitator that supplies air or other suitable gas or mixture of gases to the respiratory system of a solid body, defining a compressible chamber through which the gas in the chamber passes when the chamber is compressed. a housing having at least one gas supply means communicating with the supply manifold for supplying the solid with gas which passes through the supply manifold when the chamber is compressed; and a charge communicating with the chamber filling the chamber with gas; and means for maintaining substantially constant during use between the first point at which the force is applied by one hand and the second point in the maxillofacial area of the solid, and the supply means and the solid at the time of compression or filling of the chamber. A resuscitator characterized in that a substantial seal between the maxillofacial region is selectively maintained or broken by this force. 5. The resuscitator according to claim 4, wherein the supply means has a mask section that communicates with the supply manifold and supplies the gas sent from the chamber via the supply manifold to the solid body. . 6. The supply means has a pipe communicating with the supply manifold, and a mask part communicating with the pipe and supplying the gas sent from the chamber through the pipe to the solid. A resuscitator according to claim 4, characterized in that: 7. A resuscitator that supplies air or other suitable gas or mixture of gases to the respiratory system of a solid body, defining a compressible chamber through which the gas in the chamber passes when the chamber is compressed. a housing having at least one gas supply means communicating with the supply manifold for supplying the solid with gas which passes through the supply manifold when the chamber is compressed; and a charge communicating with the chamber filling the chamber with gas; means, in use a sealing force is applied by one hand to maintain a seal between the delivery means and the solid maxillofacial region upon compression or filling of the chamber, and a compressive force opposing the sealing force is applied by the one hand. A resuscitator characterized in that the gas in the chamber is supplied to the solid by compressing the chamber by adding gas to the solid body. 8. The resuscitator according to claim 7, wherein the supply means has a mask section that communicates with the supply manifold and supplies the gas sent from the chamber via the supply manifold to the solid body. . 9. The supply means has a pipe communicating with the supply manifold and a mask section communicating with the pipe and supplying the gas sent from the chamber through the pipe to the solid. A resuscitator according to claim 7, characterized in that: 10. Claim 1 further comprising a resistance means associated with the housing for returning the chamber to an uncompressed state.
, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9. 11. Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, further comprising space limiting means associated with the housing to limit the spatial volume of the chamber in an uncompressed state to a predetermined volume.
The resuscitator according to 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9. 12. Claims 1, 2, 3, further comprising supply limiting means associated with the housing to limit the volume of gas delivered from the chamber to a predetermined volume when the chamber is compressed. The resuscitator according to 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9. 13. A resuscitator for supplying air or other suitable gas or mixture of gases to the respiratory system of a solid body, defining a compressible chamber through which the gases in the chamber pass when the chamber is compressed. a housing having at least one of the following: a supply means communicating with the supply manifold for supplying the solid with gas which passes through the supply manifold when the chamber is compressed; and a charge communicating with the chamber filling the chamber with gas; and space-limiting means associated with the housing to limit the spatial volume of the chamber when uncompressed to a predetermined volume. 14. A resuscitator for supplying air or other suitable gas or mixture of gases to the respiratory system of a solid body, defining a compressible chamber through which the gases in the chamber pass when the chamber is compressed. a housing having at least one of the following: a supply means communicating with the supply manifold for supplying the solid with gas which passes through the supply manifold when the chamber is compressed; and a charge communicating with the chamber filling the chamber with gas; and supply restriction means associated with the housing to limit the volume of gas delivered from the chamber to a predetermined volume when the chamber is compressed.