JPH029734A - Production of double-layer glass - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the transparency and thermal insulation property of the title double-layer glass by fixing a functional film drawn under specified conditions to a jig fixed on a fist glass sheet, opposing a second glass sheet to the first sheet, and sealing the periphery. CONSTITUTION:The functional film 10 having 20-100mum thickness and previously fixed to a provisional fixing jig 1 is arranged on a fixing jig 12 fixed on a glass sheet 11, and drawn at greater than the tensile strength F (kg/cm<2>) shown by the equation [Lf is the thermal expansion coefficient (cm/cm/ deg.C) of the film 10, Lg is the thermal expansion coefficient (cm/cm/ deg.C) of the glass sheet, T is the evaluation temp. To is the production temp. ( deg.C), and E is the elastic modulus (kg/cm<2>) of the film at the production temp.]. An adhesive 13 applied on the jig 12 is then cured. The second glass sheet 11' is placed on the film 10 so that the jigs 12 and 12' are brought into contact with each other, the film 10, glass sheet 11', and jig 12' are fixed by a double-coated tape 14, and the peripheries of the jigs 12 and 12' are sealed by sealing agents 15 and 15'.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Application The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing double glazing, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing double glazing incorporating a stretched functional film. The double-glazed glass according to the present invention has high heat insulation properties and is energy-saving, and can be used for windows of buildings, trains, etc., showcases for storing food and drinks, or refrigerated showcases. It can also be used for openings that require heat insulation and transparency.

(Conventional method) One way to improve the heat insulation properties of double-glazed glass is to increase the number of glass panes and use 3-pane glass or 4-1 glass panes, but with these methods, due to the weight of the glass, It is heavy and difficult to handle and install. For this reason, various methods have been proposed for double-glazing, that is, for spreading a transparent film or a functional film between two glass plates.

Transparent films and functional films are plastic films (hereinafter abbreviated as films), so if they are simply placed inside double-glazed glass, the film will wrinkle or loosen, which is unfavorable in terms of appearance. In order to apply tension to the film and eliminate wrinkles and slack in the film, there are two methods: attaching an elastic body to double-layered glass, or heating the film after fixing it to a film fixing jig with some wrinkles. A method of eliminating wrinkles by utilizing the heat shrinkability of the film has been proposed.

(Problems) However, the above-mentioned proposed methods have various drawbacks. The method using an elastic body has the following problems.

■ A special jig is required to attach the elastic body.

■ The jig requires special space and the effective area of the double glazing becomes smaller.

■ The durability of the elastic body is insufficient.

etc. Further, although the method using the heat shrinkability of the film overcomes the problems described in the method using an elastic body, this method also has the following problems.

■ Requires a heating device to heat shrink the film.

■ It is difficult to uniformly heat shrink the film.

etc.

(Means) In order to overcome this problem, the present inventors have made extensive studies and found that by stretching the film in advance in biaxial directions to a certain tensile strength or higher, and then fixing it to a jig for fixing the film, No special jigs or elastic bodies are required, and
It has been found that it is possible to obtain double-glazed glass made of a functional film that does not require a heating device and has no wrinkles or slack in appearance. That is, the present invention relates to a double-glazed glass formed by stretching a functional film, in which the functional film is stretched in two axial directions with a tensile strength F or more below, and while maintaining the stretched state within the above range, the first step is performed in advance. A stretched functional film characterized by a step of fixing the functional film to a jig fixed to a glass plate, and a step of placing a second glass plate oppositely and sealing the peripheral part. This is a manufacturing method for built-in double glazing.

F = If -L (1) x (T-To) Coefficient (α/a/°C) T: Evaluation 1iIli temperature (°C) To: Production temperature ('C) E: Elastic modulus of functional film at production temperature (Ky/
cd) In the double-glazed glass of the present invention, transparent plates or organic or organic polymers can be used as the transparent plate, but the film is fixed to a fixing jig in a stretched state, and the jig is transparent. Since the transparent plate is fixed to a plate, it is required to have a certain level of physical strength or more, and chemical stability is also required, so an inorganic glass plate is preferable as such a transparent plate. Further, the thickness is not particularly limited, but 2.511151 to 6IllI is usually preferably used. Moreover, a translucent glass plate can also be used.

The fixing jig for the functional film is fixed to a transparent glass plate in advance, but the jig is fixed to the glass plate over the entire area.
Alternatively, it is necessary to make it strong over almost the entire area.

To ensure such strong fixation, use instant adhesives such as Aron Alpha (manufactured by Toagosei Kagaku Kogyo ■), Cemedine 300 Series ■ (manufactured by Cemedine), terminal sealant 0912C (manufactured by Nippon Loctite ■), etc. Examples include UV-curable adhesives.

The fixing jig is a processed frame made of aluminum, steel, or the like.

In the present invention, the functional film is previously fixed to another temporary fixing jig before being fixed to the fixing jig. By using a temporary fixing jig made of aluminum, steel, or the like, it is possible to maintain the elongated state as described above. Specifically, (1) Vacuum suction type temporary fixing jig (i) R Mechanical type temporary fixing jig (To) Magnetic type temporary fixing jig (G) Combined method of these % type % Vacuum type temporary fixing jig For example, a fixing jig has a functional film suction hole on one side as shown in Figure 1. - or a hollow frame 1 having the same slit and at least one vacuum suction stop. The degree of vacuum necessary for temporary fixing with such a vacuum temporary fixing jig varies depending on the tension to be applied to the functional film and the ratio to the area of the film, but for example,
0111H9・ab or less, particularly preferably 50. Hg・
A pressure equal to or less than ab is adopted, and as a result, a force of 2 to 30 Ky per 1 m of film width is applied to the film so that it does not shift when the film is pulled with a force parallel to the film surface. This force is the same even when temporarily fixing outside the vacuum suction port, and by temporarily fixing with this force, the film will not come off even if sufficient elongation is applied to the film in accordance with the operating temperature.

If the film is finally fixed in the stretched state as described above, it is possible to produce double-glazed glass that does not wrinkle the film even when the operating temperature can vary from -20°C to +80°C.

Various types of mechanical temporary fixing jigs can be considered, but for example, a combination of a frame body having a recessed portion and a frame body having a portion that can fit into the recessed portion as shown in the cross section in FIG.
Examples include 1 B, C, and clamp method H.

Regarding the functionality of the functional film, since the double-glazed glass has good heat insulation properties, it preferably has a light-selective transmittance function that allows visible light to pass through and infrared rays to be blocked. As mentioned above, selectively transmitting films generally transmit visible light but reflect infrared rays; It is also possible to use in the method of the present invention a material that is provided with functionality by using a light selective transmission function, an antireflection function, etc. coated with an absorbent or the like, singly or in combination.

Another example of a functional film is to impart transparent conductivity to the film.

An example of the so-called selective light transmission function that transmits visible light and reflects invisible infrared light is a film in which the following metal and/or metal oxide thin films are laminated on one or both sides of the film. be. Examples of metals 1110 include gold, silver, copper, aluminum, etc., and alloys or mixtures thereof; examples of metal oxides include titanium, indium, bismuth.

Examples include tungsten, zirconium, silicon, aluminum, and cerium. These metal oxides are preferably laminated on one or both sides of the metal thin film. (For example, JP-A-54-85284.

laminate described in JP-A-53-119987). or,
A thin film of an indium oxide/tin oxide mixture can impart a selective light transmission function even when used alone.

Here, the term "film" refers to a "plate-shaped body that is flexible at room temperature." In the present invention, any thickness may be used, but particularly when a thin film is used, favorable results are obtained. That is, the thickness of the film is Thickness is 20μTr
Preferably, the thickness is L to 100 μm.

Film materials include polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene; polyethylene terephthalate,
Aromatic polyesters such as polyethylene naphthalate; polycarbonates: vinyl halides such as vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, and vinylidene fluoride; films of organic compounds such as polyamides such as nylon 6 and nylon 6.6 are preferably used; Since the stretched state is maintained in
A two-wheel stretched film of polyethylene terephthalate is particularly preferably used from the viewpoint of strength, two-dimensional stability, and the like.

In the present invention, the functional film has the following bow tensile strength F
After elongating in the biaxial directions as described above, it is fixed to a jig fixed to a glass plate.

F = lr - L (1) Lg Coefficient of thermal expansion of glass plate (ctx / as /
°C) T: Evaluation temperature (°C) To: %1 cropping temperature ('C) [: Elastic modulus of functional film at application temperature (K9, /
cffl) Such elongation may occur as it is when fixed to the F plate fixing jig, but even if it is not particularly elongated at the stage of being fixed to the temporary fixing jig, The temporarily fixed film may be put into an elongated state by strongly pressing the film against the fixing jig (see FIG. 3).

In any case, the fixing jig and the film, which are fixed to the glass while maintaining the elongated state as described above, are bonded using the same adhesive used to bond the glass and the fixing jig described above. Especially from the viewpoint of adhesive processing time and adhesive strength, if the film is fixed with a UV-curable adhesive, especially an adhesive such as terminal sealant LO912C, the film will be fixed in an elongated state and will not wrinkle even if the temperature rises during use. Does not occur.

In the above formula, the operating temperature is the temperature of double-glazed glass in a practical form, and in the case of building windows, etc., it rises to about 50 to -60°C. Furthermore, even in frozen or refrigerated showcases, the temperature can rise to the same level depending on storage, transportation, etc. conditions. From this situation, T-To is 1
It is preferable to estimate a value of 0°C or higher, and more preferably a value of 20°C or higher. The manufacturing temperature is the temperature of the double-glazed glass when making the double-glazed glass. In the present invention, in J3, the minimum tensile strength necessary for stretching can be obtained from the thermal expansion coefficient of the functional film and glass, the operating temperature and manufacturing temperature, and the elastic modulus of the functional film, but when the film is fixed, Taking into account loosening of the film, deformation of the fixing jig, etc., it is preferable to stretch the film at a strength greater than the tensile strength derived from the above equation.

However, in many functional films, the elongation of the metal or metal oxide laminated on the film is not that large, and elongation of 1% or more may cause cracks to occur on the film surface and impair functionality. It is preferable to keep the tensile strength below such that the elongation is 1% or less.

Furthermore, if the elongation is too large, creep may occur, and wrinkles may occur due to long-term storage. Therefore, the tensile strength is 0.015-0.1%, preferably 0.05-0.
More preferably, it is selected to be 1%.

The method of stretching the functional film in two axial directions is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a method that can adjust the tension. For example, after fixing two sides of the film with double-sided tape, adhesive, or clips, the remaining two sides can be fixed with springs, etc.
The film is stretched by pulling it with screws, tape, etc., and in that state it is fixed to a fixing jig on a glass plate.

In this way, the functional film is fixed to the first glass plate via the jig, and then the second glass plate is placed opposite thereto. To place the second glass plate in opposition, a jig (spacer) is used to determine the gap between the functional film and the second glass plate. This jig (spacer)
may have the same shape as the tetrahedral film fixing jig described above.

After the first glass plate, R-adhesive film, and second glass plate are arranged with a predetermined gap, the stretched functional film is sealed by sealing the periphery of the glass plate. The interior can be covered with double-glazed glass.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, the functional film can have a good appearance without wrinkles or looseness without special post-treatment or using an elastic body.
Double-glazed glass can be obtained by expanding the stretched functional film, and can be effectively used for windows of buildings, trains, etc., and windows and doors of frozen showcases and refrigerated showcases.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to Examples.

Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1 A titanium oxide thin film layer with a thickness of 300 μm was added to a stretched polyethylene terephthalate film (trade name: Patidine Tetron ■″ film) with a thickness of 25 μm as the first layer.

As the second layer, a metal thin film made of 140 silver and copper @
(The weight ratio of silver and copper was 90:10), and a 300-thick titanium oxide thin film layer was sequentially laminated as the third layer to obtain a transparent film (hereinafter abbreviated as film) having a light selective transmission function.

Each titanium oxide iHQ layer was formed by applying a solution consisting of 3 parts of tetrabutyl titanate monomer and 97 parts of isopropyl alcohol using a bar coater, and heating at 130° C. for 3 minutes.

A thin metal film layer was formed by sputtering an alloy of silver and copper in a vacuum of ix 10-'' Torr.The resulting film had a visible light transmittance of 70% and a light selective transmittance function of 52% solar energy. had.

In addition, the elastic modulus of this film is 50 in both the longitudinal and transverse directions.
,000Kg/CI! , the coefficient of thermal expansion is 1.6×
It was 10'ctx/cm/'C.

Using this film, double-glazed glass was manufactured and evaluated as follows. As shown in Figure 4, the glass plate 11 (horizontal 500H
tIi800HX thickness 3 m, coefficient of thermal expansion i, ox
1O-5cttr/atr/℃), place an aluminum plate (
Using adhesive 13 (terminal sealant made by Nippon Loctite @J Q912C), jig 12 (width 7 shoes x length 6 m) was bent into a prismatic shape with a notch (0.5 am thick). Glued and fixed.

Next, the four sides of the film were temporarily fixed to the vacuum suction type temporary fixing jig (width 35a) shown in FIG. 1 with 20Mt-1g ab.

This temporary fixing jig is placed on top of the second fixing jig as shown in Figure 3, and force is applied to the temporary fixing jig in the direction of the glass plate, resulting in the elongation shown in Table 1 in both the lateral and one direction. The adhesive 13 coated on the jig 12 was then UV cured at V temperature for 2 minutes. After the adhesive 13 has hardened, the excess film is cut off, and then a second glass plate 11' having the same structure as the first glass plate 11 is attached to the first and second glass plates 11. Place the jig 11' so that the 12 and 12' are touching, and attach the film 1 with double-sided tape 14'.
It was fixed at 0. Second glass plate 11' and jig 12'
The space between them is also fixed with double-sided tape 14. First of all. There are four holes with a diameter of 1#Illφ in the film 10 so that the internal pressure between the second glass plate 11, 11' and the film 10 is equal.
It is provided inside the jig 12.12'. The obtained double-glazed glass was subjected to test evaluation after the periphery of the jigs 12 and 12' was sealed with a sealant 15°15' (thiocol type) as shown in FIG. The temperature during production of the double glazing was 20°C.

The double-glazed glass made as described above was heated to 40℃.

It was placed in a hot air dryer at 60°C and 80°C, and the occurrence of wrinkles at those temperatures was examined. The results are shown in Table-1.

Table-1 The required minimum tensile strength at T-To = 20°C, 40°C and 60°C is F = 6 Ky/c at 20°C according to the formula of the present invention.
d, and it is clear from Table 1 that the occurrence of wrinkles greatly differs depending on the tensile strength.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram of a vacuum suction type temporary fixing jig, and Figure 2
is an example of another fixing method. FIG. 3 shows an example of a method for applying extension, and FIG. 4 shows the overall configuration. In the figure, the numbers represent the following contents. 1: Jig frame for temporary fixing, 2: Film suction hole. 3: Vacuum suction port. 4A to 4C: cross-section of the frame having a recess). 5A to 5C: Frame cross section that fits into the recess and has a hanging portion). 6: Clamp type frame (cross section). 7: Screw, 8, 9: Presser foot, 10: Film. 11: first glass plate, 11': second glass plate. 12, 12': Fixing jig (cross section), 13: Adhesive. 14 14': Double-sided tape. 15°15' Nijiland

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A step of stretching the functional film in two axial directions; a step of fixing the functional film to a jig previously fixed to the first glass plate while maintaining the stretched state; Accordingly, in the production of double-glazed glass comprising the step of placing a second glass plate in opposition and sealing the periphery of the glass plate, the functional film is stretched at a tensile strength F or more below in the stretching step. , a method for producing double-glazed glass incorporating a stretched functional film. F=(Lf-Lg)×(T-To)×E In the above formula, F: Tensile strength (Kg/cm^2) Lf: Coefficient of thermal expansion of functional film (cm/cm/℃) Lg: Coefficient of glass plate Thermal expansion coefficient (cm/cm/°C) T: Evaluation temperature (°C) To: Production temperature (°C) E: Elastic modulus of functional film at production temperature (Kg/cm
^2)