JPH02267481A - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To shorten a defrosting time by a method wherein a surplus refrigerant is stored within an accumulator during a heating operation, a discharged gas refrigerant of high temperature during a defrosting operation is directly blown against it to promote a gasification and then the refrigerant is applied for a defrosting operation for an outdoor heat exchanger. CONSTITUTION:An accumulator 6 is connected to an accumulator 6 through solenoid operated valves 7 and 8 from an up-stream side 13 and a down-stream side 14 of a capillary tube 4 during a heating operation, the accumulator 6 is used as a flow accumulator and at the same time a bypassing pipe 10 from a discharging port 15 of a compressor 1 is constructed such that the refrigerant is blown into a lower liquid phase part of the accumulator through a solenoid valve 9. During a heating operation, only the solenoid valve 7 connected to a high pressure liquid pipe 13 at an indoor heat exchanger side 3 of a capillary tube 4 is opened to store surplus liquid refrigerant within the accumulator 6. During a defrosting operation, a four-way valve 2 is not changed over, the solenoid valve 9 arranged in the bypass pipe 10 is opened, the liquid phase part within the accumulator 6 is heated with a high pressure and high temperature gas. Only a solenoid valve 8 communicating with the outdoor heat exchanger 5 from the accumulator is opened and then an excessive amount of refrigerant is applied to perform a defrosting operation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an air conditioner, and particularly to an air conditioner that can shorten the defrosting time of the air conditioner.

[Conventional technology]

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a conventional air conditioner disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-37656.
In the figure, 201 is a compressor. The compressor 201 is
It is connected to an outdoor heat exchanger 203 and an indoor heat exchanger 208 via a four-way valve 202, respectively. In addition, compressor 2
01 constitutes a closed loop with the suction pipe 216 led out from the four-way valve 202. The suction pipe 2!6 penetrates into the liquid reservoir 212. A heating bag H215 that heats the refrigerant in the suction pipe 216 is attached to the liquid reservoir 212. The lower part of the liquid reservoir 212 is connected via a connecting pipe 213 to a main refrigeration cycle connected to check valves 206, 207 and the like. The upper part of the liquid reservoir 212 is connected to an outlet of an indoor heat exchanger 208, which will be described later, via a communication pipe 214. A valve 209 is attached to this communication pipe 214. A blower 210 is attached to the outdoor heat exchanger 203. The outdoor heat exchanger 203 includes a cooling capillary tube 2 which is a throttling mechanism that constitutes a refrigeration expander.
04. It is connected to the indoor heat exchanger 520B via the check valve 207 in sequence. The indoor heat exchanger 208 includes a heating capillary tube 20 that is a throttle mechanism that constitutes a refrigerant expander.
5. It is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 203 via check valves 206 in turn. The indoor heat exchanger 208 includes a blower 211.
is installed.

Next, the operation will be explained. During defrosting operation, - in Figure 2
The refrigerant flows as shown by the dotted chain arrow, forming a defrosting cycle. In this case, blowers 210 and 211 are stopped and valve 209 is open. The refrigerant is in the compressor 20, just like during heating operation! The liquid is compressed and introduced into the indoor heat exchanger 208 via the four-way valve 202, where it is partially condensed, passes through the valve 209 disposed in the communication pipe 214, and enters the liquid reservoir 212.

Here, the heating device 215 heats the refrigerant together with the refrigerant passing through the suction pipe 216, and the refrigerant becomes a high-temperature refrigerant. Connecting pipe 213
．． It passes through a check valve 206 and is condensed in an outdoor heat exchanger 203 to melt the frost that has adhered thereto. The condensed refrigerant is transferred to the four-way valve 202
The liquid f! flows through the suction pipe 216. It is heated again by the heating device 215 disposed at I212, evaporates, and is sucked into the compressor 201.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) Since the conventional air conditioner is configured as described above,
It is necessary to install a heater for heating, and defrosting cannot be performed unless the refrigerant discharged from the compressor circulates through the indoor heat exchanger, which poses the problem of poor efficiency due to heat loss and pressure loss. Ta.

This invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is a further improvement on the hot gas defrosting method in which high-temperature, high-pressure gas is passed directly from a compressor located outdoors to an outdoor heat exchanger located outside. The purpose is to provide an air conditioner that can defrost air while maintaining a high suction pressure by blowing out high-temperature gas into an accumulator and passing excess refrigerant to an outdoor heat exchanger for defrosting. .

[Means to solve the problem]

The air conditioner according to the present invention connects the accumulator from the upstream side and the downstream side of the throttling mechanism during heating operation via a first valve and a second valve, respectively, and uses the accumulator as a liquid reservoir. , the bypass pipe is blown into the lower liquid phase portion of the accumulator from the compressor discharge port via the third valve.

(Function) The air conditioner according to the present invention opens only the valve connected to the high-pressure liquid pipe on the indoor heat exchanger side of the throttling mechanism during heating operation to store surplus liquid refrigerant in the accumulator, and during defrosting operation, it opens only the valve connected to the high-pressure liquid pipe on the indoor heat exchanger side. Without switching the valve, the third bypass valve installed in the bypass pipe through which high-pressure heated gas flows is opened, the liquid phase inside the accumulator is heated, and only the second valve is connected from the accumulator to the outdoor heat exchanger. Open,
Defrosting is achieved by introducing excess refrigerant.

(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. In Fig. 1, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way valve, 3 is an indoor heat exchanger, and 4 is a throttle mechanism. A capillary tube, 5 is an outdoor heat exchanger, and 6 is an accumulator. In the heating operation of the heat pump operation, a first
The second electromagnetic on-off valve 8 is connected from the downstream side 14 of the capillary tube 4 on the outdoor heat exchanger 5 side via the first electromagnetic on-off valve 7 which is a second valve. The inlet pipe 8a is connected to the inflow pipe 8a via the inflow pipe 8a. Also, compressor 1
A high pressure gas bypass pipe 10, which is a bypass pipe, is branched from the discharge port side 15, and a third electromagnetic on-off valve 9, which is a third valve, is connected to
The liquid is blown out into the liquid phase portion of the lower part 6b of the accumulator 6 through the above.

Furthermore, it is possible to detect the subcooling degree of high-pressure liquid.
A high pressure sensor 11 and a temperature sensor 12 are provided upstream of the navigation capillary 4, and 16 is a coupling.

The refrigeration cycle configured in this embodiment allows cooling operation, heating operation, and defrosting operation.

Since the air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention has the above-described configuration, during heating operation, the high pressure side pressure and the condenser outlet refrigerant temperature are detected by the pressure detector 11 and the temperature detector 12, respectively.
Using these, calculate the subcool ring of the condenser outlet refrigerant,
When the subcool ring is above a set value, by opening only the first electromagnetic on-off valve 7, surplus refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle can be stored in the accumulator 6 as a liquid under high pressure. Once the subcooling ring is appropriate, the first electromagnetic on-off valve 7 is closed, and the refrigeration cycle continues normal heating operation.

Next, when the defrosting operation starts, the third electromagnetic on-off valve 9 is opened, and the high temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 is transferred to the four-way valve 2.
After passing through the high pressure gas bypass pipe 10 on the way to
The high-pressure liquid is blown out through the electromagnetic on-off valve 9 into the accumulator 6 that stores the high-pressure liquid. At this time, by further opening the second electromagnetic on-off valve 8 connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 5 side by the inflow pipe 8a, the liquid refrigerant in the accumulator 6 is suddenly exposed to low pressure, expands and gasifies, and
The high-pressure superheated gas that has passed through the high-pressure gas bypass pipe 10 further promotes evaporation and gasification, and a large amount of gas flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 5 to defrost the air.

As a result of the above, the compressor suction pressure can be maintained high, and the surplus refrigerant participates in defrosting, resulting in an excess refrigerant operation state in the refrigeration cycle, which shortens the defrosting time by using it as a defrosting heat source. It is understood that defrosting will be completed promptly.

As described above, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the compressor 1, the four-way valve 2. Indoor heat exchanger 3, capillary tube 4.
This is an air conditioner in which outdoor heat exchangers 5 are sequentially connected in a closed loop, and an accumulator 6 is provided in parallel with the throttling mechanism 4. An inflow pipe 7a is provided via the electromagnetic on-off valve 7, and an inflow pipe 8a is provided from the downstream side 14 via the electromagnetic on-off valve 8. An electromagnetic on-off valve 9 is provided from the discharge port side 15 of the compressor 1 to the lower part 6b of the accumulator 6. A high-pressure gas bypass pipe 10 is provided through the four-way valve 2 during defrosting operation.
is held as it is during heating operation, and the solenoid on-off valve 8 and electromagnetic on-off valve 9 are opened, so that surplus refrigerant is stored in the accumulator 6 during heating operation, and high-temperature discharge gas is discharged without switching the four-way valve 1 during defrosting. By directly spraying the refrigerant onto the liquid refrigerant in the accumulator 6 and lowering the pressure inside the accumulator 6, gasification is further promoted, and this gas is used to defrost the outdoor heat exchanger 5. This has the effect of shortening the heating time, quickly returning to heating, and improving comfort.

Further, according to this embodiment, there is no need to provide a heater for heating the refrigerant, and defrosting can be performed without first circulating the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to the indoor heat exchanger. It is highly efficient as there is no heat loss or pressure loss caused by this.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, a case has been described in which heating operation is performed by peat pump operation, but it goes without saying that the heating operation is not limited to heat pump operation and may be performed by, for example, heat recovery.

(Effects of the Invention) With the above-described configuration, the air conditioner of the present invention stores excess refrigerant in the accumulator during heating operation,
During defrosting, the high-temperature discharged gas refrigerant is directly blown onto the liquid refrigerant in the accumulator without switching the four-way valve, lowering the pressure inside the accumulator to further promote gasification and use these gases for outdoor heat exchange. By using it to defrost a container, the defrosting time can be shortened, heating can be quickly returned to, and an air conditioner with good comfort can be provided.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the configuration of a conventional air conditioner. In the figure, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way valve, 3 is an indoor heat exchanger, 4
is a capillary tube, 5 is an outdoor heat exchanger, 6 is an accumulator, 6
a is the upper part, 6b is the lower part, 7 is the first electromagnetic on-off valve, 7a is the inflow pipe, 8 is the second electromagnetic on-off valve, 8a is the inflow pipe, 9 is the third electromagnetic quantity closing valve, 10 is the High pressure gas bypass pipe, 5 is the discharge port side.

Claims (1)

[Claims] An air conditioner in which a compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a throttling mechanism, and an outdoor heat exchanger are sequentially connected in a closed loop, an accumulator is provided in parallel with the throttling mechanism, and the throttling mechanism during heating operation is Two inflow pipes are connected to the upper part of the accumulator from the upstream and downstream sides through a first valve and a second valve, respectively, and a bypass pipe is connected from the compressor discharge port side through a third valve. is connected to a lower part of the accumulator, and during defrosting operation, the four-way valve is held as it is during heating operation, and the second valve and third valve are opened.