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JPH02196625A - 複合材料を用いた成形品の製造方法ならびにこの方法により製造した成形品 - Google Patents

複合材料を用いた成形品の製造方法ならびにこの方法により製造した成形品

Info

Publication number
JPH02196625A
JPH02196625A JP1258963A JP25896389A JPH02196625A JP H02196625 A JPH02196625 A JP H02196625A JP 1258963 A JP1258963 A JP 1258963A JP 25896389 A JP25896389 A JP 25896389A JP H02196625 A JPH02196625 A JP H02196625A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
layers
composite material
resistive element
layer
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP1258963A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Roger Pascal
ロジェ　パスカル
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of JPH02196625A publication Critical patent/JPH02196625A/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/0272—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould using lost heating elements, i.e. heating means incorporated and remaining in the formed article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C51/42—Heating or cooling
    • B29C51/421—Heating or cooling of preforms, specially adapted for thermoforming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/344—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint being a woven or non-woven fabric or being a mesh
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/08—Deep drawing or matched-mould forming, i.e. using mechanical means only
    • B29C51/082—Deep drawing or matched-mould forming, i.e. using mechanical means only by shaping between complementary mould parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/14—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor using multilayered preforms or sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3436—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint comprising independent continuous fibre-reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3484—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being non-metallic
    • B29C65/3492—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being non-metallic being carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81421—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
    • B29C66/81422—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being convex
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81421—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave
    • B29C66/81423—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being convex or concave being concave
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts

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Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、結合用樹脂を含む少なくともｌの複合材料層
からなる。適宜な形状の複合材料製品の製造方法、なら
びにこの方法によって得られる製品に関するものである
。
熱可塑性樹脂を予め含浸させた積層品を製造するために
は１例えば、ガラスｍ１ｌｌｉｌ熱可塑性樹脂型の複合
材料層を積み重ねることから始め、次いで、この積み重
ねによって得た積層体を熱ＩＩＩ’ｒｍ性材料の融点よ
りも高い温度に加熱することにより、また製造品に付与
したいと望む形状を有する母型とパンチ型との間で、該
積層体に圧力を加えることにより、製造する製品の成形
を行なう、この成形作業は２段階、すなわち：　（１）
樹脂の融点よりも高い温度、例えば３３０″Ｃに該積層
体を予熱すること；および（２）次いで、この温度まで
熱した積層体を低温に保ったパンチ型と母型との間で型
打作業を行なうことによって実現することができる。こ
の２段階成形方法は、予熱段階の後に、該積層体を迅速
に移動させて該パンチ型と母型との間にもってこなけれ
ばならないこと、かつ、その後、該母型に対して正しい
心合わせを行なわなければならないことなどの欠点を有
し、これにより作業が格別難しくなる。この欠点を改善
するために、単一工程で成形作業を行なうことができる
。つまり、この単一工程は、室温状態にある積層体をプ
レス型内に置き１次いで該成形型を閉じてプレスを行な
った後加熱し、それにより積層を構成する複合材料をそ
の融点よりも高い温度１例えば、約１５０℃ないし２０
０℃に加熱して成形するものである。加熱作業をプレス
型内で行なうこのような方法は、投入する材料が多量で
あるため、材料の加熱に費やすエネルギーおよび適宜な
温度に到達するまでに要する時間が上記の場合よりも極
めて大きいという欠点を有する。
本発明は、実施が容易て、かつ加熱に要するエネルギー
の消費を著しく低減することができるとともに、増大す
る生産のテンポに合った製造方法を提供して上記の欠点
を改善しようとするものである。
この目的のために、結合用樹脂を含む少なくともｌの複
合材料層からなり、成形型内で加圧することにより線層
を変形させて、製造する製品の所望の形状を与えるよう
にするとともに、加圧操作の前および／または該操作の
間、線層を加熱することからなる、任意形状の複合材料
製品を製造する方法は、該加圧操作に先立ち、少なくと
も１の薄い抵抗素子を該複合材料層と接触させ、かつ加
熱操作の間、該薄い抵抗素子に通電して、該抵抗素子な
らびにそれに隣接する複合材料層をジュール効果により
加熱するとともに、核層の結合用樹脂の温度を所望の溶
融温度にすることを特徴とするものである。
本発明の方法は、熱可塑性樹脂または熱硬化性樹脂を含
浸させた複合材料層を用いて実施することができる。第
一の場合、すなわち結合用樹脂が熱＋ｙ＋塑性である場
合、該結合用樹脂を柔らかくするため、加圧操作に先立
って、または加圧操作中に、１または複数枚の複合材料
層を、抵抗素子とともに加熱し１次いで成形品を放冷し
て確実に硬化させる。第二の場合、すなわち該結合用樹
脂が熱硬化性である場合、先ず始めに、１または複数枚
の複合材料層を抵抗素子とともに加圧して核層に所望の
形状を付与し１次いで該結合用樹脂を硬化させるために
。
成形したｌまたは複数の層を加熱する。
加熱段階て使用する薄い抵抗素子は、銅、鋼、コンスタ
ンタン、フェロニッケル、アルミニウム、さらに炭素繊
維または炭素系のような導電性材料の糸で構成すること
ができる。これら導電性材料の糸は鎖糸を平行に並べて
網状に構成するか、あるいは格子状、織布状、または不
織布状に構成することができる。さらに、金属粉を用い
ることもできる。
本発明の特に有利な一実施態様によれば、この薄い抵抗
素子は炭素繊維の不織マットで構成され、該炭素繊維の
長さは、例えば約６ないし２４思量である。
以下に、本発明の一実施態様を添付の図面を参照して説
明するか、本発明はこの実施例に限定されるものではな
い。
第１図は、本発明による方法の様々な工程を示す概略図
である。
本発明による積層品の製造方法は、その第１段階Ａにお
いて、任意の数の複合材料層を積み重ねて積層を形成す
る作業を含む、第１図において、複合材料層１、２は２
枚のみ示しであるが、もちろん２以上の任意の積層数で
この第１段階を始めることができる。これらの複合材料
層は、粒状、繊維状などの外観を呈する比較的中実（ソ
リッド）な材料から成るものであり、この材料は基体（
マトリックス）を形成する結合用樹脂内に分散される。
−例として、このような複合材料は熱可塑性または熱硬
化性の結合用樹脂内に分散された無機質繊維で構成され
る。熱ＯＴ塑性樹脂の例としては、ポリスチレン、ポリ
アミド、ビニルモノマー、ＥＶＡ　（エチレンビニルア
セテート）のようなビニルの共重合体、高い弾性係数を
有する熱可塑性樹脂、ポリエチレン／ポリエーテルエー
テルケトン、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリカーボネート
などが挙げられる。
複数枚の層を用いて本発明の方法を実施するには、２の
複合材料層１、２の間に、薄い抵抗素子３をサンドイッ
チ状に挟む、この薄い抵抗素子３は核層１、２の全表面
上に延在し、かつ鎖部から一方向へ僅かに延び出ており
、最終的な加熱操作の際、電気的接続を可能にする延長
部分３ａ、３ｂを形成する。この薄い抵抗素子は１例え
ば、銅、鋼、フェロニッケル、コンスタンタン、あるい
は炭素繊維のような導電性材料でできている平行な糸で
構成することかできる。また、この抵抗素子は格子、フ
リース、また例えば炭素繊維の不織マットで構成するこ
ともできる。このような繊維は適宜な結合材を用いて凝
結させることがてきる。炭素繊維はポリアクリロニトリ
ルを主成分とするものが好ましい、このような炭素繊維
のマットを加熱素子として用いると、該２の層１、２の
間にある組立平面全体にわたって、ジュール効果により
、規則的でかつ均一な熱の分配が得られるという利点が
ある。
本発明による製造方法の第二段階Ｂは、２の複合材料層
１．２間に挿入した薄い抵抗素子３に電流を通すことに
より、該２の層を加熱することから成る。この目的のた
めに、該抵抗素子３の２の延長部分３ａ、３ｂを直流ま
たは交流電源４の端子に接続する。該抵抗素子３に通電
すると、該素子は加熱され、生じた熱は該複合材料層１
、２の内部に伝わって、該複合材料を内包している熱可
塑性樹脂を柔らかくする。この加熱操作は、添付図面に
パンチ型５および母型６で概略的に示される成形用プレ
スの開いた型内部で行なわれる。ひとたび適宜な温度に
達すると、すなわち該結合用樹脂が十分に柔らかくなる
と、該パンチ型５と母型６とを互いに緊締して成形型を
閉鎖する。これにより、第１図に成形段階Ｃで示すよう
に、層１、２の変形（成形）か確実に行なわれる。
一変形実施態様によれば、加圧操作の間に加熱を行なっ
てもよい。
次いで、該抵抗素子３の通電を遮断し、成形品を放冷す
る。ひとたび結合用樹脂か固まると、型から取り出した
後（段階Ｄ）の成形品７は、変形硬化した２の層１．２
で構成され、該両層の間には薄い抵抗素子３か捕捉され
ていることが分かる。続いて、このようにして成形され
た製品７から、該抵抗素子３の外側延長部分３ａ、３ｂ
を取り除く。
また、本発明の方法は、熱硬化性樹脂を含む複合材料層
１．２で実施することもできる。この場合、まず鋳型５
．６内で成形操作Ｃが行なわれ、その後該抵抗素子３に
通電して核層１、２を加熱し、それによりプレス成形機
のパンチ型５と母型６との間で変形した層１．２内に含
まれる樹脂を硬化させる。この成形操作に続いて、先に
述べたように、冷却を行なう。
第２図に示す変形実施態様において１本発明の製造方法
は、開放した成形型５．６内にある独立の薄い抵抗素子
３に相対して配置される単一の複合材料層ｌを用いて実
施される。単一の複合材料層ｌから製品を製造する場合
、抵抗素子３が既に貼着され、したかって第３図に示す
ように、使用し得る状態にあるｌの層を用いると特に有
利である。この場合、層１と抵抗素子３で構成される組
立体は張り合せにより得られる。
また１本発明においては、第４図に示すように、薄い抵
抗素子３を前景て埋め込んである単一の層ｌを使用する
こともできる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
第１図は、積み重ねた複合材料層からなる積層品の製造
に本発明の方法を適用した例を示す一連の二［程図。 第２図、第３図および第４図は、本発明による方法を実
施するための異なる態様を示す断面図。 Ｃ主要部分の符号の説明） ２　・・・・・・・・・・複合材料層 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・薄い抵抗素子ａ、３ｂ　
　・・・・・・延長部分 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・電源 ・・・−・・・・・・・・・・パンチ型・・・・・・・
・・・・・・・母型 ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・成形品 Ｏコ （〕

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 １、結合用樹脂を含む少なくとも１の複合材料層からな
    り、前記の層は、製造される製品に所望の形状を付与す
    るよう成形型内で加圧することによって変形させ、かつ
    前記の層を、加圧操作の前および／または該操作の間加
    熱する、任意形状の製品を製造する方法において、 前記加圧操作に先立ち、少なくとも１の薄 い抵抗素子（３）を前記複合材料の層（１、２）と接触
    させ、かつ前記加熱操作の間、前記の薄い抵抗素子（３
    ）に通電して、該抵抗素子（３）ならびにそれに隣接す
    る複合材料の層（１、２）をジュール効果により加熱す
    るとともに、前記の層の前記結合用樹脂の温度を所望の
    溶融温度にすることを特徴とする製造方法。 ２、前記結合用樹脂が熱可塑性である場合、先ず、前記
    薄い抵抗素子（３）とともに前記層（１、２）を加熱し
    て前記結合用樹脂を柔軟にしてから、前記成形品を加圧
    し、かつ確実に硬化させるため放冷することを特徴とす
    る請求項１による方法。 ３、前記結合用樹脂が熱可塑性である場合、加圧操作の
    間、前記薄い抵抗素子（３）とともに前記層（１、２）
    を加熱して前記結合用樹脂を柔軟にしてから、前記成形
    品を放冷して確実に硬化させることを特徴とする請求項
    １による方法。 ４、前記結合用樹脂が熱硬化性である場合、先ず、前記
    薄い抵抗素子（３）とともに前記層（１、２）を加圧し
    て所望の形状を付与してから、前記変形させた層（１、
    ２）を加熱して前記結合用樹脂を硬化させるようにした
    ことを特徴とする請求項１による方法。 ５、前記薄い抵抗素子（３）が、銅、鋼、コンスタンタ
    ン、フェロニッケル、アルミニウ ム、炭素繊維または炭素系のような導電性材料の糸、あ
    るいは金属粉で構成され、前記糸は、平行に配列して網
    状に構成するか、または格子状、織布状、あるいは不織
    布状に構成可能であることを特徴とする請求項１ないし
    ４のいずれか１による方法。 ６、前記層（１、２）の全表面上で一方向に延在すると
    ともに、前記層を僅かに越えて、加熱操作の際、電気的
    接続を可能にする延長部分を有する薄い抵抗素子（３）
    を用いることを特徴とする請求項１ないし５のいずれか
    １による方法。 ７、前記薄い抵抗素子（３）を予め埋設した、少なくと
    も１の複合材料層（１）を用いることを特徴とする請求
    項１ないし６のいずれか１による方法。 ８、前記薄い抵抗素子（３）を一面上に載置した、少な
    くとも１の複合材料層（１）を用いることを特徴とする
    請求項１ないし６のいずれか１による方法。 ９、加圧操作に先立って、少なくとも２の複合材料層（
    １、２）を積み重ねるとともに、前記２の層間に少なく
    とも１の薄い抵抗素子 （３）を挿入することを特徴とする請求項１ないし６に
    よる方法。 １０、請求項１ないし９のいずれか１によって得られる
    積層構造の製造品。
JP1258963A 1988-10-11 1989-10-05 複合材料を用いた成形品の製造方法ならびにこの方法により製造した成形品 Pending JPH02196625A (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8813364A FR2637534B1 (fr) 1988-10-11 1988-10-11 Procede de fabrication d'une piece en materiau composite par pressage et piece obtenue par ce procede
FR8813364 1988-10-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH02196625A true JPH02196625A (ja) 1990-08-03

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ID=9370910

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH02196625A (ja)
FR (1) FR2637534B1 (ja)

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Publication number Publication date
FR2637534B1 (fr) 1991-04-12
FR2637534A1 (fr) 1990-04-13

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