JPH02152718A - Combined cutting numerically controlled lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make a spur gear or a helical gear generatable without losing its universality by installing a gear cutting unit and a synchronous rotating means for a spindle and a rotary tool shaft, while attaching a gear hob to this rotary tool shaft, and making a gear generating operation performable. CONSTITUTION:After lathe turning is over, a tool rest 4 is positioned to a specified standby position for programming, turning a tool rest turrent 5, and a gear cutting unit 6 is indexed to a cutting position. Next, the tool rest 4 is moved in both Z-axis and X-axis direction, making it come nearer to a workpiece W, and it is positioned in a specified cutting start position with an infeed rate as much as addendum size. Then, a spindle 2 is rotated and simultaneously a rotary tool shaft 18 is synchronously rotated with a specified common ratio to this spindle rotation, then gear cutting takes place with cutting feed to the spindle side in the Z-axis direction of the tool rest 4. When a helical gear is cut, it is performed with the gear cutting unit 6 with a specified angle theta corresponding to a resultant angle between a lead angle of a gear hob 23 and a helix angle of a work gear, and the spindle rotation is increased or decreased at a specified ratio to feed in the Z-axis direction, thus gear cutting takes place.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a composite machining NC lathe that is capable of processing everything from turning to gear cutting.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conventionally, most multi-processing NC lathes have a rotary tool attached to a turret tool post and perform processing such as milling, drilling, and tapping at the same time as turning.

Using a recently developed technique known in Japanese Utility Model Application No. 57-108836, a hob head having moving and positioning means in the X-axis and Z-axis directions is attached to the main body, and turning is performed using a separately provided turning turret tool rest. There are also multi-purpose machine tools that perform gear creation processing using hob heads.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the multifunction machine tool known in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 108836/1983 described in the prior art section, the hob head device is large and
Since a large space is required, there are problems in that it lacks versatility as an NC lathe, such as less chance of one tool breaking on the turret tool rest.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technology, and its purpose is to removably attach a gear machining unit to the rotary tool mounting station of the tool post turret, and to operate an NC lathe. The present invention aims to provide a composite machining NC lathe that can consistently perform generating machining of spur gears or helical gears without impairing its versatility.

After the active turning process is completed, the tool post is positioned at a program-prescribed retreat position, the tool post turret is rotated, and the gear machining unit is indexed to the cutting position.

Next, the tool post moves in the Z-axis and The shaft is rotated synchronously with the rotation of the main shaft at a constant common ratio, and gear cutting is performed by feeding the tool post toward the main shaft in the Z-axis direction.

When cutting helical gears, a gear processing unit with a predetermined angle θ corresponding to the composite angle of the lead angle of the hob and the helix angle of the processed gear is used, and the rotation of the main shaft with respect to the feed in the Z-axis direction is used. Cutting is performed by increasing or decreasing the amount at a fixed ratio.

Embodiment An embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. N
In the C lathe, a chuck 3 is fitted to the tip of a main spindle 2 which is rotatably supported on a headstock 1 by a plurality of bearings. On the other hand, a tool post turret 5 is provided on a tool post 4 that can be moved and positioned in the Z-axis and , a gear processing unit 6 is installed. The frame 8 of the unit 6 has a drive shaft 11 in the Z-axis direction.
is rotatably supported by a bearing 9.10, and the drive shaft 11
An integral bevel gear 12 is engraved on the left end. The bevel gear 12 is meshed with an integral bevel gear 16 at the upper end of the intermediate shaft 15, which is perpendicular to the drive shaft 11 and perpendicular to the X axis.
The intermediate shaft 15 is rotatably supported by bearings 13, 14, and a helical gear 17 is fitted approximately at the center shaft of the intermediate shaft 15. Furthermore, the frame 8 has a helical gear 21 whose tool axis has a predetermined angle θ with respect to the Z axis and which is fitted onto the tool axis.
The point a of the center axis of the tooth width is gear 1 with respect to the intermediate shaft 15.
Bearing 1 so that it intersects three-dimensionally at 5 points of the central axis of the tooth width of 7.
The tool shaft 18 is rotatably supported by 9.20.
A helical gear 21 fitted into the gear 17 meshes with the gear 17, so that the rotation of the drive shaft 11 rotates the tool shaft 18.

The tool shaft 18 has a center hole at its upper end with a tapered hole 18a, and the arbor 24 of the hob 23 is clamped by a collet busher 25 fitted into the tapered hole 18a. For example, the angle θ of the tool shaft 18 is a predetermined angle corresponding to the lead angle of the hob 23 in the case of spur gear machining, and the helical angle of the machined gear is combined with the lead angle in the case of helical gear machining. The angle is set at a predetermined angle.

Furthermore, a clutch 26A is fitted to the right end of the drive shaft 11, and the clutch 26A is a clutch fitted to the tip of a rotating shaft 27 in the Z-axis direction which is rotatably provided at the turret indexing position of the tool post 4. 26B and the hook are removably engaged, and the rotating shaft 27 is rotated by a motor 29 whose rotation is controlled by an NC fixed to the tool rest 4 via a synchronized belt 28.
The motor 29 is controlled to rotate synchronously with a main shaft motor (not shown) using an NC at a constant common ratio. Or, in preparation for helical gear cutting, the spindle rotation can be increased or decreased at a constant ratio to the Z-axis feed.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained. When the turning process of the workpiece W held by the chuck 3 is completed and the gear material is completed, the turret 5 of the tool rest positioned at a predetermined retreat position rotates, and the gear processing unit 6 is indexed to the cutting position. Clamping of the turret is performed and clutches 26A, 26B are engaged at the same time. The turret 4 is the main shaft 2 in the Z-axis direction.
After moving to the side and being positioned at the cutting start position in the Z-axis direction, the hob 23 moves to the workpiece side in the The main shaft 2 is then rotated, the motor 29 is rotated, the rotating shaft 27 is rotated via the synchro belt 28, and the clutches 26A, 26 are rotated.
The drive shaft 11 of the unit 6 is rotated through B, the intermediate shaft is rotated through bevel gears 12 and 16, and the predetermined angle θ corresponding to the lead angle of the hob 23 is rotated through helical gears 17 and 18.
The hob 23 attached to the rotary tool shaft 18 having a
The gears are rotated with a constant common ratio, and gear cutting is performed by feeding the tool rest 4 toward the main shaft in the X-axis direction.

Alternatively, in the case of helical gear cutting, a gear cutting unit having a predetermined angle θ corresponding to the composite angle of the lead angle of the hob 23 and the helix angle of the processed gear is used, and Machining is performed by controlling the spindle rotation so that it increases or decreases at a constant rate.

It is also possible to perform tooth grinding by attaching a grinding wheel instead of the hob.

Effects of the Invention Since the present invention is configured as described above, it produces the following effects. To install a rotary tool on the turret turret, attach a gear machining unit to the station, rotate the main shaft and rotary tool shaft synchronously at a fixed common ratio, set the depth of cut by positioning the turret in the X-axis direction, and set the cutting depth on the X-axis. We have made it possible to perform hollow gear forming machining of spur gears with cutting feed in the direction, and we have also made it possible to perform generating machining of helical gears by making it possible to increase or decrease the spindle rotation with respect to the feed in the X-axis direction. , it becomes possible to perform everything from material to gear cutting with one machine without sacrificing the versatility of the NC lathe, and the overall process time can be significantly shortened.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a partial diagram for explaining the configuration of a multi-tasking NC lathe equipped with a gear machining unit, and Figure 2 is a developed cross-sectional view of a gear machining unit in which a rotary tool having an angle θ intersects the intermediate shaft in three dimensions at points a and b. , FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the gear processing unit. 2. Main shaft 5. Turret towerft 6. Gear machining unit 18. Rotating tool shaft 23. Hob

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A gear machining unit ( 6), and synchronous rotation means for rotating the main shaft (21) and the rotary tool shaft at a constant common ratio, and gear generation processing is made possible by attaching a hob (23) to the rotary tool shaft. A complex machining NC lathe that is characterized by: (2) The composite according to claim 1, wherein the synchronous rotation means is capable of increasing or decreasing the spindle rotation at a constant ratio with respect to the feed in the Z-axis direction, and is capable of performing helical gear generation processing. Processing NC lathe.