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JPH0210034B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0210034B2
JPH0210034B2 JP61057849A JP5784986A JPH0210034B2 JP H0210034 B2 JPH0210034 B2 JP H0210034B2 JP 61057849 A JP61057849 A JP 61057849A JP 5784986 A JP5784986 A JP 5784986A JP H0210034 B2 JPH0210034 B2 JP H0210034B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
ceramic
ceramic plate
caulked
liner
bonding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP61057849A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS62220486A (en
Inventor
Yoshihiro Ehata
Masanori Kayama
Masaru Sashiki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
Original Assignee
Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agency of Industrial Science and Technology filed Critical Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
Priority to JP61057849A priority Critical patent/JPS62220486A/en
Publication of JPS62220486A publication Critical patent/JPS62220486A/en
Publication of JPH0210034B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0210034B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 (A) 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明はバンカー等の内壁面の摩耗を防止する
セラミツクライナーに関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (A) [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a ceramic liner that prevents wear on the inner wall surface of a bunker or the like.

(B) 〔従来の技術〕 従来、石炭や鉱石等を一時貯蔵や移送するバン
カーや、輸送管の内壁は、石炭や鉱石等の衝撃や
摩擦による、摩耗が激しく、寿命も短いため、し
ばしば修理や取り替えを余儀なくされ、修理や取
り替えに人手や費用を要するとともに、作業能率
が低下する等の不都合があつた。
(B) [Conventional technology] Conventionally, the inner walls of bunkers and transport pipes for temporarily storing and transporting coal and ore, etc. suffer from severe wear due to impact and friction from coal and ore, etc., and have a short lifespan, so they are often repaired. This resulted in inconveniences such as labor and costs being required for repairs and replacements, and a decrease in work efficiency.

また、耐摩耗対策としてバンカーや輸送管の内
壁に然摩耗性のセラミツクスを張り付ける方法等
が考えられるが、接着材による接着では強度が十
分でなく、使用中に剥離したり、特にコークスの
製造設備等では熱のため樹脂接着材は劣化が激し
く使用することができない。
In addition, as a wear-resistant measure, it is possible to attach naturally abrasive ceramics to the inner walls of bunkers and transport pipes, but adhesives do not have sufficient strength and may peel off during use, especially in the production of coke. Resin adhesives cannot be used in equipment, etc. because they deteriorate severely due to heat.

その為接合強度が強く、熱に強いセラミツクス
のメタライズ接合が考えられるが、直接バンカー
等の構築物にメタライズ接合することはできない
ので、まず金属基板にセラミツクス板をメタライ
ズ接合して複合セラミツクス板とし、この複合セ
ラミツクス板を、バンカー等の内壁にボルト止め
する等の方法が、通常用いられている。
For this reason, metallized bonding of ceramics, which have strong bonding strength and are resistant to heat, can be considered, but since it is not possible to directly metallize bond to structures such as bunkers, first metallize bond a ceramic plate to a metal substrate to make a composite ceramic plate. A commonly used method is to bolt a composite ceramic plate to the inner wall of a bunker or the like.

この場合広い面積を保護するには、ある程度広
い面積の複合セラミツクス板の使用が、作業面コ
スト面で望ましい。
In this case, in order to protect a large area, it is desirable to use a composite ceramic plate with a relatively large area from the viewpoint of working costs.

しかしセラミツクスのメタライズ接合において
は、まずセラミツクスの接合面に、例えばMo−
Mn法により、千数百度の還元雰囲気中でメタラ
イズして、金属層を形成し、これにニツケルメツ
キを施した後、金属基板に銀ろう付けするといつ
た、複雑な工程と、高温の熱処理を何度も行なう
為、セラミツクスに熱膨張差による残留応力を残
す等の不都合があつた。
However, in metallized bonding of ceramics, first, the bonding surface of the ceramics is coated with, for example, Mo-
Using the Mn method, a metal layer is formed by metallizing in a reducing atmosphere at over 1,000 degrees Celsius, which is then nickel plated and then silver brazed to a metal substrate. Because the process is repeated multiple times, there are disadvantages such as residual stress remaining in the ceramics due to the difference in thermal expansion.

また、セラミツクスに銅を直接メタライズ接合
する、然熱法に於ても、溶融変形した銅面を整形
して、金属基板へ銀ろう付けするという二度の熱
処理を必要とし、熱膨張差のあるセラミツクスと
金属基板を広面積で接合することは、熱残留応力
による、セラミツクスの割れや、セラミツクス接
合部の強度低下の心配があつた。
Furthermore, in the natural thermal method of directly metallizing bonding copper to ceramics, it is necessary to perform two heat treatments to shape the molten and deformed copper surface and to silver solder it to the metal substrate, which causes differences in thermal expansion. When joining ceramics and metal substrates over a large area, there are concerns that the ceramics may crack or the strength of the ceramic joint may decrease due to thermal residual stress.

(C) 〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕 本発明は、セラミツクスと金属基板の接合に於
て、 例えばMo−Mn法の場合のような、セラミツ
クスの接合面に、千数百度の水素雰囲気中でMo
−Mnによる金属層を形成、Niメツキ後、Niメツ
キ層の熱処理に、更に金属基板への銀ろう付けす
るといつたような、 何度もの熱処理をすることなく、ただ一回の銅
または銅合金の融点近くの、比較的低温の酸化雰
囲気中での、熱処理にもにより、 セラミツクスと金属基板の複合材を、得ようと
するもので、 工法の簡素化と、セラミツクスの熱残留応力の
低下、ならびに接合の低廉を計るものである。
(C) [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention provides a method for bonding ceramics and metal substrates by applying a hydrogen atmosphere at a temperature of several hundred degrees to the bonding surface of the ceramics, as in the case of the Mo-Mn method, for example. Inside Mo
- Copper or copper alloy can be processed only once without the need for multiple heat treatments, such as forming a metal layer with Mn, plating with Ni, heat treating the Ni plating layer, and then soldering silver to the metal substrate. The aim is to obtain a composite material of ceramics and a metal substrate through heat treatment in an oxidizing atmosphere at a relatively low temperature near the melting point of It also measures the cost of joining.

(D) 〔問題点を解決するための手段〕 第1図に示すように、セラミツクス板1の所定
箇所に、第2図に示すような頭部にかしめ部2を
有する銅または銅合金の円柱3を、酸化雰囲気中
でメタライズ接合してなるセラミツクス板1を、 第4図に示すようにセラミツクス取付孔5を有
するライナー基板4に、 その円柱部3を、セラミツクス取付孔5に挿通
して接合、 そのかしめ部2をかしめて、一体に複合化して
なる構造のセラミツクライナーである。
(D) [Means for solving the problem] As shown in Fig. 1, a copper or copper alloy cylinder having a caulked part 2 on the head as shown in Fig. 2 is placed at a predetermined location on the ceramic plate 1. A ceramic plate 1 formed by metallizing and bonding 3 in an oxidizing atmosphere is bonded to a liner substrate 4 having a ceramic mounting hole 5 as shown in FIG. 4 by inserting its cylindrical portion 3 into the ceramic mounting hole 5. This is a ceramic liner with a structure in which the caulked portion 2 is caulked to form an integral composite structure.

この場合、円柱3のかしめ部2は、例えば第2
図に示すように、円柱3の頭部に中心孔6を設け
て置くことにより、ある程度肉薄となり、更にメ
タライズ接合時の熱による軟化により、かしめ易
くなつている。
In this case, the caulking part 2 of the cylinder 3 is, for example, the second
As shown in the figure, by providing a center hole 6 in the head of the cylinder 3, the cylinder 3 becomes thinner to some extent, and furthermore, it is softened by heat during metallization bonding, making it easier to caulk.

従つて第4図に示すように、円柱3をメタライ
ズ接合したセラミツクス板1と、金属のライナー
基板4を接合する場合に、 円柱3の中心孔6にポンチ7をあてがつて、押
圧すれば、セラミツクス板1への押圧負担が軽減
されるとともに、かしめも十分確実に行なわれ、
ライナー基板4へセラミツクス板1を、強固に接
合できるものである。
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, when joining the ceramic plate 1 with the cylinder 3 metallized and the metal liner substrate 4, if the punch 7 is applied to the center hole 6 of the cylinder 3 and pressed, The pressing load on the ceramic plate 1 is reduced, and caulking is performed sufficiently reliably.
The ceramic plate 1 can be firmly bonded to the liner substrate 4.

次に、第2発明は、上記第1発明の、円柱3を
第5図に示すように、円柱3の下部に薄い座部8
を設けた構造とするものである。
Next, in a second invention, as shown in FIG.
The structure is designed to include the following:

即ち、セラミツクス板1の所定位置に、頭部に
かしめ部2を有し下部に座部8を有する銅または
銅合金の円柱3を、酸化雰囲気中でその座部8に
よりメタライズ接合してなるセラミツクス板1
を、 セラミツクス取付孔5を有するライナー基板4
に、 その円柱部3をセラミツクス取付孔5に挿通し
て接合、 そのかしめ部2をかしめて、一体に複合化して
なる構造のセラミツクライナーである。
That is, a ceramic plate 1 is formed by metallizing and bonding a cylinder 3 made of copper or a copper alloy having a caulked portion 2 at the head and a seat 8 at the bottom at a predetermined position of a ceramic plate 1 in an oxidizing atmosphere. Board 1
A liner substrate 4 having a ceramic mounting hole 5
The cylindrical part 3 is inserted into the ceramic mounting hole 5 and joined, and the caulked part 2 is caulked to form a composite ceramic liner.

この場合、円柱3の下部に薄い座部8を設ける
ことにより、円柱3をセラミツクス板1にメタラ
イズ接合した場合、広い接合面積による大きな接
合強度を得ることができる一方、薄い座部8によ
り、セラミツクス1への熱応力の影響の軽減を計
ることができる。
In this case, by providing a thin seat 8 at the bottom of the cylinder 3, when the cylinder 3 is metallized and bonded to the ceramic plate 1, a large bonding strength can be obtained due to a wide bonding area. It is possible to reduce the influence of thermal stress on 1.

また、第3図に示すようにセラミツクス板1に
座部8の厚さの逃し穴9を設けることにより、セ
ラミツクス板1とライナー基板4を密接接合せし
めることができる。
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, by providing a relief hole 9 having the thickness of the seat portion 8 in the ceramic plate 1, the ceramic plate 1 and the liner substrate 4 can be closely bonded.

次に、第1・第2発明において、円柱3のかし
め部2は、中心孔6を設けないで、円柱のままと
し、ポンチの方を、第6図に示すよな穴明きポン
チ7を使用して、円柱3の外周部分のみを外側に
かしめるようにして、押圧を軽減せしめると共
に、充分なかしめ強度を得るようにすることもで
きる。
Next, in the first and second inventions, the caulking part 2 of the cylinder 3 is left as a cylinder without providing the center hole 6, and the punch is replaced with a hole punch 7 as shown in FIG. By using this method, only the outer circumferential portion of the cylinder 3 can be caulked outward to reduce the pressure and obtain sufficient caulking strength.

(E) 〔発明の効果〕 以上の構造とすることにより、本発明のセラミ
ツクライナーは、第1図に示すように、セラミツ
クス板1の所要箇所に所要個数の、銅または銅合
金の円柱3を、その融点近くの酸化雰囲気で加熱
するのみで、簡易・経済的にメタライズ接合され
る。
(E) [Effects of the Invention] With the above structure, the ceramic liner of the present invention has the required number of copper or copper alloy cylinders 3 at the required locations on the ceramic plate 1, as shown in FIG. , metallization can be bonded simply and economically by simply heating in an oxidizing atmosphere close to its melting point.

この場合、メタライズ温度と、保持時間を調整
することにより、円柱3の軟化変形を最低に抑制
し、殆ど原型を損なうことなく、しかも円柱3は
セラミツクス板1に強固にメタライズ接合できる
ものである。
In this case, by adjusting the metallization temperature and holding time, the softening deformation of the cylinder 3 can be suppressed to the minimum, and the cylinder 3 can be firmly metallized and bonded to the ceramic plate 1 without substantially damaging the original shape.

次に第1図に示すように、例えばセラミツクス
板1にメタライズ接合した4箇所の円柱3が、挿
通するセラミツクス取付孔5を有するライナー基
板4に、円柱3を挿通後、第4図に示すように各
かしめ部2を、ポンチ7等で押圧すれば、かしめ
部2は外側にかしめられ、セラミツクス板1はラ
イナー基板4に強固にかしめ止めされる。
Next, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, the four cylinders 3 metallized and bonded to the ceramic plate 1 are inserted into the liner substrate 4 having the ceramic mounting holes 5 to be inserted. By pressing each caulked portion 2 with a punch 7 or the like, the caulked portion 2 is caulked outward, and the ceramic plate 1 is firmly caulked to the liner substrate 4.

なお、第1図は円柱3を4箇所接合した場合を
示しているが、必要に応じて円柱3の数や大きさ
を増減して、所要の接合強度とすることができ
る。
Although FIG. 1 shows the case where the cylinders 3 are joined at four places, the number and size of the cylinders 3 can be increased or decreased as necessary to obtain the required joint strength.

また、所要の形状や大きさのライナー基板4
に、必要個数のセラミツクス板1をかしめ止めす
れば、所定形状で所定の大きさのセラミツクライ
ナー基板とすることができる。
In addition, the liner substrate 4 of the required shape and size is also available.
By caulking a required number of ceramic plates 1, a ceramic liner substrate having a predetermined shape and size can be obtained.

このセラミツクライナー基板を、バンカー等の
内壁にボルト止め等により取付れば、セラミツク
ス1によりバンカー内壁の摩耗を防止できるもの
である。
If this ceramic liner substrate is attached to the inner wall of a bunker or the like by bolting or the like, the ceramic 1 can prevent wear of the inner wall of the bunker.

次に、本発明によるセラミツクス板1とライナ
ー基板4との接合強度を、 第1図に示すように、厚さ20mmの92%Al2O3
に、 第2図に示すような形状の9φの銅の円柱3を
メタライズ接合したセラミツクス板1と、 第5図に示すような16φで厚さ2mmの座部8を
有する9φの銅の円柱3を、メタライズ接合した
セラミツクス板1を、 ライナー基板4に、それぞれかしめ止めしたも
のに付いて、 セラミツクス板1とライナー基板4間の接合強
度を測定した結果は、メタライズ接合部で、円柱
1本当たりの引張強度は、 第2図の円柱形状のもの(第1発明)で120Kg
近くあり、 第5図の座部8を有する形状のもの(第2発
明)で300Kg以上あり、 何れの場合も十分にセラミツクライナーとして
使用に耐えるものである。
Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the bonding strength between the ceramic plate 1 and the liner substrate 4 according to the present invention was determined using 92% Al 2 O 3 with a thickness of 20 mm.
A ceramic plate 1 is made by metallizing and bonding a 9φ copper cylinder 3 having a shape as shown in FIG. 2, and a 9φ copper cylinder 3 having a seat part 8 of 16φ and 2 mm in thickness as shown in FIG. The results of measuring the bonding strength between the ceramic plate 1 and the liner substrate 4 are as follows: The tensile strength of the cylinder shape shown in Figure 2 (first invention) is 120 kg.
A similar one (second invention) with a seat 8 as shown in Fig. 5 weighs over 300 kg, and in either case, it is sufficiently durable to be used as a ceramic liner.

以上、本発明のセラミツクライナーは、比較的
低温の酸化雰囲気で、一度の加熱でセラミツクス
板1とライナー基板4を接合できる他、 セラミツクス板1の所要箇所に部分的に分散し
て円柱3を接合する為、接合金属の熱膨張差によ
るセラミツクス板1への残留応力の影響が少な
く、接合強度が強い。
As described above, the ceramic liner of the present invention can bond the ceramic plate 1 and the liner substrate 4 with one heating in a relatively low-temperature oxidizing atmosphere, and can also bond the cylinders 3 by partially dispersing the ceramic plate 1 at required locations. Therefore, the effect of residual stress on the ceramic plate 1 due to the difference in thermal expansion of the joining metals is small, and the joining strength is strong.

セラミツクスライナーのような大型のセラミツ
クスと金属のメタライズ接合においては、熱膨張
差による熱応力の影響をセラミツクスが大きく受
けて、メタライズ接合の冷却時に割れたり、 接合されても残留応力により、接合強度が低下
して、所期の接合強度を得難いが、 本発明においては、セラミツクス板1に対して
小さい円柱3を、所要の接合強度に応じて所要数
セラミツクス板上に分散してメタライズ接合する
ことにより、セラミツクスへの熱応力の影響を少
なくするとともに、 ライナー基板4への接合は、銀ろう付け等によ
るろう付けでなく、銅の円柱3のかしめ止めによ
るため、ろう付けの場合のような熱応力の影響を
受けることがない。
When metallizing bonding between large ceramics such as ceramic liners and metals, the ceramic is greatly affected by thermal stress due to the difference in thermal expansion, resulting in cracking during cooling of the metallized bonding, and even after bonding, the bonding strength may decrease due to residual stress. However, in the present invention, the cylinders 3, which are smaller than the ceramic plate 1, are distributed over the required number of ceramic plates according to the required bonding strength and metallized bonded. In addition to reducing the influence of thermal stress on the ceramics, the bonding to the liner substrate 4 is not done by silver brazing or the like, but by caulking the copper cylinder 3, which reduces the influence of thermal stress as in the case of brazing. not be affected by.

また、本発明では、ライナー基板4のセラミツ
クス取付孔5と円柱3間のクリアランスにより、
セラミツクス板1とライナー基板4との間に生ず
る応力を吸収せしめることができる。
Furthermore, in the present invention, due to the clearance between the ceramic mounting hole 5 of the liner substrate 4 and the cylinder 3,
The stress generated between the ceramic plate 1 and the liner substrate 4 can be absorbed.

次に、第2発明の場合、円柱3の座部8は、セ
ラミツクス板1へのメタライズ接合面積を大きく
して接合強度を増強せしめるものである。
Next, in the case of the second invention, the seat portion 8 of the cylinder 3 has a larger metallized bonding area to the ceramic plate 1, thereby increasing the bonding strength.

この場合、接合面積を大きくすれば、セラミツ
クス板1への熱応力の影響は大きくなるが、座部
8の厚さを薄くして応力の影響を少なくし、総合
的に接合強度の増強を計つているものである。
In this case, increasing the bonding area will increase the effect of thermal stress on the ceramic plate 1, but by reducing the thickness of the seat 8, the effect of stress can be reduced, and the overall bonding strength can be increased. It is something that is present.

次に、作業的にも、本発明では酸化雰囲気での
一度の加熱処理で、強固な接合ができる為、特別
な雰囲気炉等を必要とせず、嵌合作業も簡易で、
製作工程も少なく、しかも経済的であるととも
に、ライナー基板4に必要に応じてセラミツクス
板1を必要枚数かしめ止めして、所要の大きさや
形状のライナー基板にできるので、現場での取付
作業が容易である等、多くの優れた特徴を有する
ものである。
Next, in terms of work, the present invention allows for strong bonding with a single heat treatment in an oxidizing atmosphere, so there is no need for a special atmosphere furnace, and the fitting work is simple.
The manufacturing process is small and economical, and the required number of ceramic plates 1 can be caulked to the liner board 4 as needed to create a liner board of the desired size and shape, making installation work easy on site. It has many excellent features such as:

更に、本発明は、単に摩耗防止用のライナーへ
の使用ばかりでなく、その他の耐熱部材等の接合
材にも使用できるものである。
Furthermore, the present invention can be used not only as a wear-preventing liner, but also as a bonding material for other heat-resistant members.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明の説明用斜視図、第2図・第5
図は本発明の銅または銅合金の円柱の説明用斜視
図、第3図・第4図は本発明の説明用断面図、第
6図は穴明きポンチの説明用部分断面図。 1はセラミツクス板、2は円柱3のかしめ部、
3は円柱、4はライナー基板、5はセラミツクス
取付孔、6はかしめ部2の中心孔、7はポンチ、
8は円柱3の座部、9はセラミツクス1の逃し
穴。
Figure 1 is a perspective view for explaining the present invention, Figures 2 and 5
The figure is an explanatory perspective view of a copper or copper alloy cylinder of the present invention, FIGS. 3 and 4 are explanatory cross-sectional views of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory partial cross-sectional view of a hole punch. 1 is a ceramic plate, 2 is the caulking part of the cylinder 3,
3 is a cylinder, 4 is a liner board, 5 is a ceramic mounting hole, 6 is a center hole of the caulking part 2, 7 is a punch,
8 is the seat of the cylinder 3, and 9 is the escape hole of the ceramic 1.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 セラミツクス板の所定位置に、頭部にかしめ
部を有する銅または銅合金の円柱を、酸化雰囲気
中でメタライズ接合してなるセラミツクス板を、 セラミツクス取付孔を有するライナー基板に、 その円柱部を、セラミツクス取付孔に挿通し、
かしめ部をかしめて、一体に複合化してなる構造
を特徴とするセラミツクライナー。 2 セラミツクス板の所定位置に、頭部にかしめ
部を有し下部に座部を有する銅または銅合金の円
柱を、酸化雰囲気中でその座部によりメタライズ
接合してなるセラミツクス板を、 セラミツクス取付孔を有するライナー基板に、 その円柱部を、セラミツクス取付孔に挿通し、
かしめ部をかしめて、一体に複合化してなる構造
を特徴とするセラミツクライナー。
[Scope of Claims] 1. A ceramic plate formed by metallizing and bonding copper or copper alloy cylinders having caulked portions on their heads at predetermined positions in an oxidizing atmosphere to a liner substrate having ceramic mounting holes. , insert the cylindrical part into the ceramic mounting hole,
Ceramic liner is characterized by a structure in which the caulked parts are caulked and integrated into one. 2. A ceramic plate made by metallizing and bonding a copper or copper alloy cylinder having a caulked part at the head and a seat at the bottom in an oxidizing atmosphere with the seat in a predetermined position of the ceramic plate, and attaching the ceramic plate to the ceramic mounting hole. Insert the cylindrical part of the liner board into the ceramic mounting hole,
Ceramic liner is characterized by a structure in which the caulked parts are caulked and integrated into one.
JP61057849A 1986-03-14 1986-03-14 Ceramic liner Granted JPS62220486A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61057849A JPS62220486A (en) 1986-03-14 1986-03-14 Ceramic liner

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61057849A JPS62220486A (en) 1986-03-14 1986-03-14 Ceramic liner

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62220486A JPS62220486A (en) 1987-09-28
JPH0210034B2 true JPH0210034B2 (en) 1990-03-06

Family

ID=13067427

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP61057849A Granted JPS62220486A (en) 1986-03-14 1986-03-14 Ceramic liner

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS62220486A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02103150A (en) * 1988-10-12 1990-04-16 Rohm Co Ltd Ink jet recording head
JPH0531900A (en) * 1992-01-16 1993-02-09 Rohm Co Ltd Heating mechanism

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH02103150A (en) * 1988-10-12 1990-04-16 Rohm Co Ltd Ink jet recording head
JPH0531900A (en) * 1992-01-16 1993-02-09 Rohm Co Ltd Heating mechanism

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS62220486A (en) 1987-09-28

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