JPH01502438A - Low bulk density load-bearing structures consisting of thin slabs and shells of reinforced concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

Tridimensional load carrying structure comprised of reinforced concrete slabs, of which the weight has been reduced by interior recesses. Said structure may be made by means of independent blocks (G) which are prefabricated and juxtaposed like cubes. The interior recesses may be obtained by means of cardboard boxes which are delivered folded in reduced volume. It is thus possible to build by means of these structures large lightened concrete load carrying beds, foundations or banks having very low densities. Tool outfit reference I, J, for prefabrication of independent blocks.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] 1. Name of the invention Thin slabs of reinforced concrete and Low bulk density load bearing structure consisting of a shell 2, detailed description of the invention The present invention is a low bulk density load bearing structure consisting of thin slabs and shells of reinforced concrete. The present invention relates to a structure and a method for manufacturing the same.

When the ground support capacity is insufficient, it may be difficult to support a heavy building wall or a traffic road. It is often necessary to improve mediated dissolution.

For example, if a large bedding is used to distribute the load, the actual weight of the bedding may be This significantly reduces the load of the building it is intended to support.

In other cases, when an embankment several meters high is required, the embankment plus the working load The actual weight of the soil causes the soil directly below it to settle.

The object of the present invention is to be applicable not only to the above two cases, but also to other cases. thin slabs and systems of reinforced concrete where possible and guaranteed to have a low bulk density. provide a load-bearing structure consisting of a well and economically manufacture the load-bearing structure; The goal is to provide a way to do so.

To form such load-bearing structures on-site, a large number of consumable lightweight components are used. use. These components are the workers, the concrete being poured, and the concrete being poured. It is hard enough to support the weight of concrete until it hardens.

First, the rebar is trimmed and left at the selected location to connect with the vertical shell. Manufacture thin reinforced concrete distribution slabs and then concrete foundation slabs After condensation, the above-mentioned lightweight members are arranged by providing a narrow gap between them. Set up

Reinforcement reinforcement is then placed inside these narrow gaps in the construction of reinforced concrete. Place it at a sufficient distance from lightweight components to comply with building regulations. Remove reinforcement material and fixed to the top of the lightweight member.

Concrete is then poured, and this concrete is a thin reinforced concrete shell. Fills narrow gaps by forming holes. A thin upper strip is placed on top of the lightweight member. Continue pouring concrete so that the rub is obtained.

In terms of production and handling issues by workers, lightweight components have limited dimensions. and a relatively tall reinforced concrete structure is preferred, as described above. The upper part was made of several new lightweight members with narrow gaps between them. Place it on top of the partial slab and start work again. This process will allow the structure to reach the desired height. You can do it as many times as you like.

Therefore, thin slabs and concrete are included in the special table 1,1-502438 ( 3) The reinforced concrete structure that constitutes the three-dimensional structure has a low bulk density because it is a lightweight member. It is possible to have a structure.

Of course, when pouring concrete it is possible to obtain a structure made of elastic material section by section. Can also be done. Therefore, interruptions in continuity also occur in thin reinforced concrete shells and slabs. is obtained.

In particular, since a flat shell can be obtained in a narrow gap, lightweight parallelepiped-shaped members are used. It is advantageous to be there.

These lightweight parallelepiped members are connected end-to-end and arranged horizontally, and By providing a narrow gap perpendicular to the ceiling plate, the A thin flat shell is obtained. Two parallelepipeds with gaps in the vertical and horizontal directions Flat and thin structure with a high degree of rigidity due to the arrangement of lightweight components A cross-shaped shell is obtained.

Another advantage of the parallelepiped lightweight members of the present invention is that these members can be manufactured from engineered reinforced paperboard. can be supplied folded into a reduced volume and mounted on a horizontal slab. The main advantage is that the volume can be expanded by expanding only on-site before installation.

A load-bearing structure made of low bulk density reinforced concrete consisting of a thin slab and shell. , the structure can be prefabricated if it is desired to be manufactured very quickly. Particularly preferred, in this case, the second step of the present invention provides a structure having a cubic shape. As in Supporting structures can be achieved, in this case slabs and shells made of thin reinforced concrete These independent blocks of have a low bulk density. These blocks are either at the site or in close proximity to the site to avoid transporting large quantities of cargo. It can be made using the prefab method.

An independent block of low bulk density is formed by the following two steps.

In the first step, a lightweight member constituting the inside of the block is obtained. Inner lightweight components and outer Assemble the outer formwork by placing it around the bottom so that the gap between it and the side formwork becomes narrower. . Reinforcement bars are placed in these gaps to comply with regulations regarding the manufacture of reinforced concrete. In order to do this, these reinforcing bars should be kept at a suitable distance from the inner lightweight members and the outer formwork.

Concrete is then poured around the interior lightweight components.

The process is completed by inserting a thinner slab on top and reinforcing it with rebar.

After the concrete has set and the outer formwork has been removed, the reinforced concrete A block consisting of a thin slab and shell is completed, with a light material with low bulk density inside. Built-in measuring member.

The thickness of the concrete, the reinforced concrete slab and the reinforcing bars of the shell are Compatible with the load it will support.

In some cases, concrete is placed inside the narrow gap between the inner lightweight member and the outer formwork. A predetermined number of appropriately shaped sections are placed so that the tip does not completely fill the narrow gap during injection. Deploy. When the outer formwork or casing is removed and the planned area is removed, , inside a thin concrete shell or slab, between the inside and outside of the block It can be seen that the holes forming the openings are formed.

To form a boss on the outside of the independent block, a recess can also be made inside the outside formwork. It is possible. Therefore, depending on their action, it has an opening that forms At the planned locations, and also in the recesses inside the outer formwork and therefore in the bosses inside the blocks, The position and shape of the seeds can be given. By forming an opening at the bottom.

Each block can be filled with water in the event of a flood, thus providing a supporting structure There is no buoyancy force acting against the body.

When the openings are placed in the upper part (A), these openings are used for transporting blocks. to allow gripping at the top of the block. The opening and boss at the bottom and top When placed, the blocks can be joined using pot joints or Either tighten them using independent keys at a certain distance from each other Therefore, they can be wedged together. Independent keys can be made of concrete, metal or It can be formed from any elastic material, and if an elastic material is used, the structure Its body has much more flexibility than the other two. Independent/blocks from each other By locking the keys at a certain distance, it is much better than that of independent blocks. A structure with low bulk density is obtained.

If the proposed location, i.e. the opening in the reinforced concrete slab or shell, is large, can use removable internal lightweight members, and those internal lightweight members can be made of concrete. will set and can be extracted through the opening after removal of the outer formwork.

The presence of the opening allows the use of an inflatable member, such as an internal lightweight member. concrete After setting and removal of the outer formwork, the expansion member is deflated and withdrawn. mixed cis systems, especially lightweight consumable parts that are partially inflatable and partially removable. It is also possible.

Since a block of parallelepipeds can be formed, the interior with the shape of a parallelepiped (B) It is particularly advantageous to use lightweight parts and an outer formwork made of rapidly assembled flat plates. be. In this case, the reinforcing bars can be formed from folded welded truss members (C) and (D).

Openings that can be formed in the shell are located in the outer formwork (E) as shown in Figure 3. and (F) formed by an ordinary plate having a shell thickness fixed to a flat plate. .

A parallelepiped lightweight member made of processed and reinforced paperboard is specified in the special publication 1-502438 ( 4) This is an economical solution. As far as on-site manufacturing is concerned.

These parts can be supplied folded and used when forming independent blocks in a prefabricated manner. Just expand it.

The second step allows independent blocks with low bulk density to be achieved by simply assembling the outer formwork. . These external formworks are constructed in such a way that after their erection only a narrow gap remains inside the block. It has a boss with a large shape. Place rebar inside these narrow gaps and formwork and bosses fixed to the outer formwork to comply with reinforced concrete regulations. It is maintained at a certain distance from the ground.

When the concrete is poured, this is done first in the bottom slab, then in the vertical shell and then in the bottom slab. Finally, form the upper slab. Since the bulk volume of the block is a parallelepiped, Can be rowed and stacked. As a non-limiting example, FIGS. Examples G and H of two types of ) is shown.

Independent blocks fill the bottom of the foundation groove resulting in a lightweight and relatively flexible foundation can be parallelized for These blocks can be damaged by wind gusts, rockets or explosions. They can be arranged in bundles of firewood to protect a certain area. Shipping postcard for manufacturing tools It is very simple and easy to form blocks as shown in the above embodiments in remote areas. can do. The only requirement is that concrete be locally available. That's true. Testing of the block is possible after all after its manufacture and installation It is.

These blocks, used as lightweight backfill materials, are designed to meet the construction conditions of the underlying soil. Even if it is defective, a few meters of filling can support the road. These blocks Locks have the advantage of being very long lasting and if they have a sufficient opening If possible, drainage can be easily achieved through the backfill soil.

Near-site prefabrication allows lightweight backfill components to be produced extremely quickly. this is This means that the lightweight blocks you are dealing with simply need to be juxtaposed and stacked.

By stacking these blocks like large hollow bricks, lightweight and thick walls can be created. It is possible to form a supporting wall.

This process can also be applied to underwater structures.

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Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) Thin slabs and shells made of three-dimensional reinforced concrete that make up the skeleton of the structure By arranging and overlapping a large number of lightweight members for low-resistance waste that are divided into parts in parallel. A low bulk density load supporting structure characterized by comprising: 2) Consists of a large number of parallel and overlapping independent blocks, and The cuts are made inside the thin reinforced concrete slab and shell wall thickness, and each slab is Claim 1, characterized in that the lock is formed from one or more lightweight members. A low bulk density load-bearing structure as described in Section 1. 3) Consisting of a large number of parallel and overlapping independent blocks, and between different blocks. The low bulk density according to claim 2, characterized in that the cutting is a cutting of a lightweight member. degree load-bearing structure. 4) Manufacture a load-bearing structure made of low bulk density reinforced concrete consisting of a thin shell. In the method of A slab is formed on which the concrete is poured and until it hardens. Place lightweight waste materials that are hard enough to withstand the weight of the concrete, and The lightweight members are arranged with narrow gaps between the members, and the narrow gaps are filled with the lower slab. The reinforcing bars connected to the reinforcing bars should be made into lightweight components to comply with reinforced concrete manufacturing regulations. concrete at a sufficient distance from each other, and then pour concrete into the narrow gap. to form a thin shell and place the reinforcing bars horizontally before pouring concrete onto the lightweight members. continues to inject to form a thin slab on the top surface and the structure does not reach the desired height. In some cases, after the concrete has set, a second light layer is placed on top of the thin slab with reinforcing steel. Lightweight members are placed, with narrow gaps in which reinforcing bars are placed between the light weight members, and then concrete Let the REET be injected as before, repeating the process several times until the structure reaches the desired height. A method of manufacturing a load-bearing structure with a low bulk density, characterized by repeating the steps. 5) Make the lightweight members into a parallelepiped shape and place between the lightweight members when pouring concrete. Claims characterized in that the narrow gap results in a thin shell of rectangular cross section. The method described in Section 4. 6) A parallelepiped lightweight member is formed from reinforced paperboard, and the lightweight member is folded. Claim 4, characterized in that the device is supplied and used by expanding its volume on site. Or the method described in Section 5. 7) Place designated areas between lightweight members and pour concrete into reinforced concrete. Patent characterized by forming openings on the inside of thin slabs and shells made of leet A method according to any one of claims 4, 5, or 6. 8) Placing internal lightweight members with low bulk density on the lower frame or casing, these lightweight Reinforcement is placed around the member and the reinforcement is be held at a sufficient distance from the lightweight parts to ensure that they are not wrapped by their outer formwork. A narrow gap is formed between the outer formwork and the inner lightweight member, and the gap is filled with reinforced concrete. Dimensioning and then pouring of concrete to size to comply with REET manufacturing regulations Fills the narrow gaps with concrete and constructs blocks with low bulk density. forming a shell with a set of thin slabs made of reinforced concrete; By juxtaposing and overlapping independent blocks formed from and shells, A low bulk density load support structure comprising a low bulk density load support structure. How the body is made. 9) Place the planned area between the internal lightweight member and the lower formwork before pouring concrete. These planned locations form openings or bosses inside the thin slab and shell. A low bulk density load supporting structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: manufacturing method. 10) Seal the independent block with a thin reinforced concrete shell and Characterized by the fact that they are fastened together by openings and bosses provided inside the slab. A method for manufacturing a low bulk density load supporting structure according to claim 8 or 9. 11) Should blocks be juxtaposed by independent keys or at a certain distance from each other? Claim 10, characterized in that they are tightened together by either one of them. A method for manufacturing low bulk density load-bearing structures. 12) In the manufacture of independent blocks, the inner lightweight member is shaped like a parallelepiped, and the outer Claim 8, characterized in that the formwork is formed from a flat plate that can be quickly assembled. A method for manufacturing a low bulk density load-supporting structure according to any one of Items 9 and 10. . 13) The internal lightweight member of the parallelepiped is formed from reinforced paperboard, and the lightweight member is Claim 1 characterized in that it is supplied folded and its volume is expanded on site. A method for producing a low bulk density load-supporting structure according to item 2. 14) A patent claim characterized in that the internal lightweight member is inflatable and recoverable. As described in any one of the scope items 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12. Method of manufacturing low bulk density load bearing structures. 15) Make the internal lightweight member removable and allow it to pass through the openings formed in the thin shell and slab. Claims characterized in that the invention is recoverable after being removed from the outer formwork. The low bulk density according to any one of Items 9, 10, 11 or 12 Load-bearing structure. 16) The outer formwork is erected and there is only a narrow gap between the outer formwork and the boss. A shaped boss is provided in the outer formwork, the reinforcing bars are placed in the narrow gap, and then the concrete is injected to form a set of thin slabs and shells that are all accessible from the outside, Leave the low bulk density blocks as parallelepipeds (G and H) and replace the low bulk density reinforcing bars. An independent block consisting of thin slabs and shells made of cleat and reinforced concrete. Claim 3 is characterized in that it is constructed by juxtaposing and overlapping the blocks. A method for producing a low bulk density load-bearing structure as described in Section 1. 17) A flat plate provided with fixings for attachment to each other and a boss forming an opening. (E, F) and uses an outer formwork that forms the plate beam of the parallelepiped block. Claim 12, 13, 14 or 15 characterized in that A method for producing a low bulk density load-supporting structure according to any one of paragraphs. 18) Outer formwork (with bosses of sufficient shape to form blocks (G and H) I, J, K, L) according to claim 16, Method of manufacturing density load supporting structures.