JPH0134056B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to an X-ray diaphragm device that is attached to an X-ray tube for stereo imaging mainly used for circulatory system diagnosis.

Generally, in stereo imaging, an X-ray tube with two focal points for stereo imaging placed at a predetermined interval is used, and X-rays are alternately transmitted from both focal points of the X-ray tube.
The left and right images of the same subject are photographed on separate films by exposing the left and right lines, and the left and right images are viewed as a set by the naked eye or a stereo viewer, and the left image is viewed by the left eye, and the right image is viewed by the naked eye or a stereo viewer. Observe with your right eye, and by superimposing them, you can observe them as a three-dimensional image.

As mentioned above, in order to perform stereo imaging, two focal points are required, one for the left image and the other for the right image, so for example, as shown in FIG. An X-ray tube XT is provided with a rotating anode 3, the cathode 2 faces the slope of the rotating anode 3, and a motor 4 for rotating the cathode. As shown in Fig. 2 a and b, electron beams are alternately applied to two different points A and A' on the anode 3, and these two points are used as X-ray focal points for X-rays to the right of A and to the left of A'. A method is used in which X-rays are emitted.

However, in a stereo imaging device using such an X-ray tube XT, the movable cathode 2 and the aperture 6 of the X-ray aperture device 5 for determining the X-ray irradiation field are linked together as shown in FIG. A mechanism 7 must be provided to change the position of the diaphragm 6 each time the position of the X-ray focal point is changed, so that right and left X-ray fluxes are mechanically applied alternately to the subject P. It is not possible to perform high-speed switching to support the high-speed imaging required for system diagnosis.

In addition, even if the device is for stereo imaging, it is used for normal X-ray imaging, so the X-ray tube shown in Figure 1 is
As shown in Fig. 3, XT is designed so that a focal point B having a larger area than each of the two focal points A and A' can be obtained at the position of the other focal point A and A' on the rotating anode 3, for example. Many have cathodes for large focal points.

In other words, such an X-ray tube XT is used as shown in Figure 4 a, b, and c, where (a) is for stereo imaging, (b) is for enlarged imaging with a small focus, and (c) is for
indicates general photography using a large focus; a small focus is used for enlarged photography, and a large focus is used for general photography. However, in the case of a small focal point, the focal area is small, so it is not possible to perform X-ray imaging with high output, but in the case of a large focal point, high output is possible, and it can be used depending on the area to be imaged and the purpose.

In general, in stereo imaging equipment that uses an X-ray tube with a movable cathode, the X-ray focal position changes, so light irradiation corresponding to A and A' for positioning the irradiation field can only be irradiated on one side. Therefore, the positioning of the stereoscopic irradiation field (D in Figure 4 a) during X-ray imaging relies on intuition, which may result in the stereoscopic area not being photographed as desired, or the irradiation field may be larger than necessary. This often results in failures such as dripping, which not only wastes time but also causes the patient (the subject P) to be unnecessarily exposed to X-rays that are harmful to the human body.

Therefore, there is a need for an apparatus that is capable of high-speed stereo imaging, can also perform general imaging, and can accurately determine the size and position of the X-ray irradiation field.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and includes:
It has a pair of X-ray focal points for stereo imaging on two anodes, and another X-ray tube for normal continuous imaging, and by switching these X-ray focuses, it is possible to emit X-rays for stereo imaging. X
An object of the present invention is to provide an X-ray diaphragm device that can handle high-speed imaging, and can perform X-ray irradiation at each focal point and confirm the stereoscopic irradiation field.

[Summary of the invention]

That is, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses an X-ray tube having a pair of X-ray focal points for stereo imaging on one anode (target), and by switching these X-ray focal points, X
An X-ray aperture device for restricting the X-ray irradiation field in an X-ray device capable of emitting X-rays is provided on the X-ray emitting port side of the X-ray tube, and the X-rays are emitted from each of the X-ray focal points. A fixed aperture that limits the spread of each of the X-rays, and the X-rays on one side passing through this aperture.
A movable diaphragm mechanism with adjustable opening for variably setting the irradiation field for X-rays from the X-ray focal points, and a movable diaphragm mechanism that corresponds to the spread of X-rays emitted from each of the X-ray focal points and that corresponds to the radiation of the X-rays. It consists of a floodlight device that irradiates a beam of light toward a path, and the spread of each X-ray from the pair of X-ray focal points is performed by the fixed diaphragm, and the X-ray beam from one X-ray focal point used for general radiography is spread. A movable diaphragm mechanism is used to adjust the irradiation field for the X-ray, and during stereo imaging, the movable diaphragm mechanism is fully opened to obtain an irradiation field using a fixed diaphragm, thereby simply switching the X-ray focus. X-rays for stereo imaging of a predetermined irradiation field can be obtained using the X-ray system, and a movable diaphragm mechanism can be used during general imaging to obtain a desired irradiation field. Make it possible to check the irradiation field of each X-ray.

Furthermore, even during stereo imaging, a movable diaphragm mechanism is used to narrow down the target area to a minimum.

[Embodiments of the invention]

5 to 7 regarding one embodiment of the present invention.
This will be explained with reference to the figures.

Figures 5a and 5b are front and side views showing the schematic structure of the apparatus of the present invention, in which XT is a movable cathode type stereo X-ray tube, and E1 and E2 are this X-ray tube.
They are the radiation hole of the X-ray cone XR1 which is emitted from the right image X-ray focal point A position of XT, and the radiation hole of the X-ray cone XR2 which is emitted from the left image X-ray focal point A' position.

C1 is a fixed diaphragm provided at the position of the radial hole E1 that determines the aperture state, and C2 is a similar fixed diaphragm provided at the position of the radial hole E2. Define the size of the X-ray cone emitted from the radiation hole.

F is a hood provided on the side of the radiation holes E1 and E2 of the X-ray tube XT, and 51 is an X-ray diaphragm according to the present invention provided within this hood.

Reference numeral 52 denotes a housing of the X-ray diaphragm 51, which has a box shape and is provided with a mounting base on the X-ray tube XT so as to surround the radiation holes E1 and E2 of the X-ray tube XT.
Fixed and attached to BS.

The housing 52 is provided with X-ray transmission windows W1 and W2 on the sides of the radiation holes E1 and E2 and on the opposing surface thereof, respectively. Further, in the vicinity of the X-ray transmission window W1 in the housing 52, light sources 53a and 53b for optical positioning are provided corresponding to the X-ray cones XR1 and XR2, respectively, at positions out of the path of the X-ray cones XR1 and XR2. is,
Further, in the base BS, a reflecting mirror 54 is provided at a position close to the X-ray transmission window W1 to reflect light from the light sources 53a and 53b corresponding to the same direction as the X-ray cones XR1 and XR2.
a, 54b are provided. When the light flux from the light source is reflected by this reflecting mirror, the corresponding X
These light sources 53a, 53b and reflecting mirrors 54a, 5
4b is set, therefore, the reflecting mirrors 54a, 5
4b will be installed at a position such that it will fit into the corresponding X-ray cones XR1 and XR2.

Of course, the reflecting mirrors 54a and 54b can also be structured so that they can be evacuated from the X-ray path during X-ray irradiation.

56a and 56b are apertures provided in the light sources 53a and 53b to narrow down the luminous flux;
a, 56b respectively to adjust the light sources 53a, 53.
The cone of the light beam irradiated from b is geometrically an X-ray cone.
Adjust so that it is the same as XR1 and XR2.

Reference numeral 55 denotes a fixed aperture on the exit side provided at the position of the exit side X-ray transmission window W2 of the housing 52. For example, four rectangular lead plates are assembled in a parallel cross shape, and
Controls the maximum width of the XR2 spread and removes the X-ray penumbra.

Reference numerals 57 and 58 denote a pair of movable aperture blades formed of square lead plates and provided on the outside of the fixed aperture 55, and these movable aperture blades 57 and 58 are located on the outer end side when viewed from the X-ray cone XR1 and XR2 sides, respectively. Lever 59, 60 for driving operation is attached perpendicular to the surface of the blade. The intermediate portions of the levers 59, 60 are supported by a shaft within the housing 52, and by rotating the levers 59, 60, the movable aperture blades 57, 58 on the tip side are moved to the X-ray aperture XR1,
It can be moved forward and backward relative to XR2.

Pulleys 61, 62 and 61', 6 are provided in the housing 52 to drive the levers 59, 60, respectively.
2', and gears 63, 63' for driving the pulleys 61, 62 and 61', 62', respectively. It is designed so that it can be linked to the rotation axis of. Wires 65 and 65' are wound around pulleys 61 and 61', and their tips are fixed to the operating ends of the corresponding levers 59 and 60. 66, 66' are levers 59,
A spring is provided between the levers 59, 60 and the housing 52 in order to bias the levers 60 in the direction in which the aperture blades 57, 58 open, respectively.

With this configuration, the levers 59, 60 always receive a biasing force and act to open the aperture blades 57, 58, but there is a gap between the operating ends of the levers 59, 60 and the corresponding pulleys 61, 61'. The pulleys 61, 61' are connected to the knob 6 via the corresponding pulleys 62, 62' and gears 63, 63'.
4, it cannot be rotated unless the knob 64 is rotated, but the knob 64
When rotated, pulleys 61, 61' rotate,
By winding or unwinding the wires 65, 65', the levers 59, 60 can be rotated, and the two X-ray beams can be rotated.
The aperture blades 57 and 58 can be moved closer and farther apart by the same amount around a plane passing through the centers of XR1 and XR2, and the aperture width can be changed.

Similarly, the X-ray cone from the X-ray focal points A and B is opened and closed in a direction 90 degrees different from the opening and closing direction of the aperture blades 57 and 58.
A pair of aperture blades 67 and 68 made of, for example, a square lead plate are provided to narrow down the XR1, and each of these aperture blades 67 and 68 has a lever 69 for drive operation on the outer end side when viewed from the X-ray cone _XR1 . 70 is attached perpendicular to the surface of the blade.

The intermediate portions of the levers 69, 70 are supported by a shaft inside the housing 52, and by rotating the levers 69, 70, the aperture blades 67, 6 on the tip side thereof are rotated.
8 can be moved forward and backward relative to the center of the X-ray cone XR1.

Pulleys 71, 72 and 71', 7 are provided in the housing 52 to drive the levers 69, 70, respectively.
2', and gears 73, 73' for driving the pulleys 71, 72 and 71', 72', respectively. It is designed to be linked to the rotation axis of the 75, 75' are wires wound around pulleys 71, 71';
The tip end thereof is fixed to the operation end side of the corresponding lever 69, 70. 76, 76' are levers 69,
A spring is provided between the levers 69, 70 and the housing 52 to bias the levers 70 in the direction in which the aperture blades 67, 68 open.

As a result, the levers 69, 70 always receive a biasing force and act to open the aperture blades 67, 68. ,7
5' is spanned to restrict rotation, and
Pulleys 71, 71' correspond to pulleys 72, 7
2' and gears 73, 73', it cannot be rotated unless the knob 74 is rotated. However, when the knob 64 is rotated, the pulleys 71, 71' are rotated. wire 7
5, 75', so lever 6
9 and 70 can be rotated, and the aperture blades 6 are rotated around the central axis of the X-ray cone XR1, which is emitted from focal points A and B.
7 and 68 can be moved closer or farther apart by the same amount, and the opening width can be changed.

In this apparatus having such a configuration, during stereo photography, the aperture blades 57, 58 and 67, 68 are opened wide in the direction of the arrow OP by operating the knobs 64, 74. In this state, the X-ray cone XR1 from the X-ray focus A is controlled by the fixed aperture C1, and the X-ray cone XR1 from the X-ray focus A' is
XR2 is stopped by a fixed aperture C2. Further, the maximum spread width is regulated by a fixed diaphragm 55 provided in the X-ray transmission window W2 of the X-ray diaphragm device 51, and the scattered rays and the X-ray penumbra are determined by the aperture position of the fixed diaphragm 55 and the fixed diaphragms C1 and C2. , prevents the X-ray from going outside the area of the geometric shape determined by the X-ray focal points A and A'.

Therefore, by alternately selecting the X-ray focal points A and A',
When radiation is performed, the shapes of the X-ray cones XR1 and XR2 emitted from the respective focal points A and A' are uniquely determined by the focal points A and A' and the fixed apertures C1, C2, and 55, By setting these relationships in advance, you can simply focus on focus A, without moving the aperture.
By simply switching A', X-rays for the left and right images can be obtained, allowing high-speed stereo imaging.

As shown in Fig. 6, in order for the X-rays emitted by the X-ray focal points A and A' to pass through the subject P and reach the entire X-ray film F without positional deviation, The distance from focal points A and A' to X-ray film F is H, the width of X-ray film F is W, and
As shown in Figure 7, the distance between the X-ray focal points A and A' is L,
Fixed aperture C from the line connecting the centers of X-ray focal points A and A'
1. If the distance to the exit side of C2 is h1, the distance to the exit side of the fixed aperture 55 is h2, the aperture width W1 of the fixed apertures C1 and C2, and the aperture width of the fixed aperture 55 is W2, then W1=W/H・h1 ...(1) W2=(W-L)・h2/H+L ...(2) It can be given by The aperture width of the fixed diaphragm 55, which serves as the exit window for both the X-ray cones XR1 and XR2 exposed by , A', is W2,
Moreover, it is necessary to set the center so that it is on a line passing through the center of the two X-ray focal points A and A'.

In addition, the light irradiation field of X-ray focal points A and A' is reflected by the reflecting mirror 5.
The X-ray cone XR1, which is emitted from the X-ray focal points A and A', is
Adjusted to match the XR2, so
The irradiation fields of each X-ray cone XR1 and XR2 can be easily confirmed. In addition, the light emitted from the two light sources 53a and 53b can be alternately blinked, so that the desired stereoscopic imaging region of the subject P (the fourth
D) in Figure a can be easily placed.

Further, in the case of general radiography using X-ray focus A or B, the knobs 64 and 74 are operated as appropriate to narrow down the irradiation field to obtain the desired radiography field. As a result, the aperture blades 57, 58, 67, 6
8 opens and closes as described above in accordance with the amount of operation, and the aperture blades 57 and 58 have two aperture directions X.
The diaphragm blades 67 and 68 open and close with the plane passing through the X-ray focal points A and A' as the center, and the diaphragm blades 67 and 68 are opened and closed with the diaphragm direction centered on the center line of the X-ray cone XR1 irradiated from the X-ray focal point A. Since the blades 57 and 58 open and close in directions 90° different from each other, the irradiation field of the X-ray cone XR1 can be narrowed down or expanded continuously in a rectangular manner.

As mentioned above, this device can perform stereo imaging at high speed, and can also be used for diagnosing the circulatory system.It can also be set to the desired irradiation field during general imaging, and is visually effective for both stereo and general imaging. Features include the ability to position the irradiation field and accurately image a desired area.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As detailed above, the present invention uses an X-ray tube having a pair of X-ray focal points for stereo imaging on one anode, and by switching these focal points, X-rays for stereo imaging can be emitted. An X-ray diaphragm device for restricting the X-ray irradiation field in the X-ray device is provided on the X-ray emission port side of the X-ray tube, and restricts the spread of each X-ray emitted from each of the focal points. A fixed diaphragm, a movable diaphragm mechanism whose opening can be adjusted to variably adjust the irradiation field for X-rays from the X-ray focal point on one side that pass through the diaphragm, and radiation from each of the X-ray focal points. and a light projection device for confirming the irradiation field that corresponds to the spread of the X-rays and irradiates a luminous flux toward the radiation path of the X-rays,
The spread of each X-ray from the pair of X-ray focal points is performed by the fixed aperture, and the movable diaphragm is used to adjust the irradiation field for X-rays from one X-ray focal point used for general radiography. In addition to using an aperture mechanism,
By making the movable diaphragm mechanism usable even during stereo imaging, it is possible to irradiate X-rays in a predetermined irradiation field simply by switching the X-ray focus, and therefore, it is possible to quickly switch and irradiate X-rays for stereo imaging. In addition to being fully usable for circulatory system imaging, the X-ray irradiation field emitted from one X-ray focal point can be set to the desired size using a movable diaphragm mechanism for general imaging, making it suitable for stereo imaging and general imaging. In addition, since the projector can project a beam of light corresponding to the X-rays from each X-ray focal point, the irradiation field of each X-ray can be confirmed and the desired area can be photographed reliably. It is possible to provide an X-ray diaphragm device having excellent features such as:

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the drawings, but can be practiced with appropriate modifications within the scope of the invention without changing its gist.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a movable cathode type X-ray tube for stereo imaging, Fig. 2 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the aperture device during stereo imaging of an Figure 3 is a diagram for explaining the state of the X-ray focus in an X-ray tube for stereo photography which has a pair of X-ray focuses for stereo photography as well as a focus for general photography, and Figure 4 shows the use of the X-ray focus. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are diagrams for explaining how to set the opening degree of the fixed diaphragm. be. 51... X-ray diaphragm device, 52... Housing, 53
a, 53b...Light source, 54a, 54b...Reflector, 55, C1, C2...Fixed aperture, 56a, 5
6b...Aperture, 57,58,67,68...Aperture blades, 59,60,69,70...Lever, 6
1,61',62,62',71,71',72,
72'...Pulley, 63, 63', 73, 73'...
...Gear, 64, 74...Knob, 65, 65', 7
5, 75'...Wire, 66, 66', 76, 7
6'...Spring, XT...X-ray tube, A, A', B...
X-ray focus.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Using an X-ray tube with a pair of X-ray focal points for stereo imaging on one anode, these X-ray focal points are
The aforementioned
a fixed aperture provided on the X-ray emission port side of the ray tube to limit the spread of each of the X-rays emitted from each of the X-ray focal points; a movable diaphragm mechanism with adjustable opening for variably setting the irradiation field for the X-rays; 1. An X-ray diaphragm device comprising a light projector for confirming an irradiation field that irradiates a beam of light.