JPH01281185A - Method and apparatus for producing filler having three-dimensional shape - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain crushed pieces having a three-dimensional shape reduced in dimensional irregularity by a method wherein a three-dimensional reticulated skeletal structure is crushed under vibration and crushed pieces, which are crushed into a predetermined size or less, are finely vibrated in a classifying part to separate finely pulverized crushed pieces or shortly fibered crushed pieces. CONSTITUTION:Vibration and cyclical pressing operation are applied to the three- dimensional reticulated skeletal structure supplied and mounted in a box body 14 by the exciting part 21 and pressing part 20 of a crushing part 13. The crushed pieces having a predetermined size or less among the crushed pieces in the crushing part 13 are allowed to fall through the meshes of the net body in the box body 14 to be received on the inclined net body 27 in a classifying part 24. Subsequently, the inclined net body 27 is finely vibrated by an exciting part 33 to separate finely pulverized crushed pieces 12a and shortly fibered crushed pieces from the received crushed pieces and only crushed pieces 12 having a predetermined three-dimensional shape and a predetermined dimension are moved toward a filler recovery port part 32 to be recovered in a recovery box 24.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing a filler added to a plastic base material in a plastic molding material comprising a plastic base material and a filler, and particularly relates to a method for producing a filler added to a plastic base material and an apparatus therefor. We are improving the three-dimensional shape of plastic molding materials used when molding molded products, which require improvements in shape accuracy such as roundness, flatness, and squareness, as well as a reduction in the coefficient of linear expansion, as well as improved strength. 2. Description of the Related Art Regarding the Manufacturing Method and Apparatus for a Filler Having the Filler [Prior Art] As is well known, plastic molded products are also applied to precision mechanical parts such as lens barrels. When such precision mechanical parts are molded from plastic materials, fillers are added to the plastic base material to form a composite material, depending on the required precision of the parts, i.e. dimensional accuracy, and tolerance for expansion and contraction due to temperature. We create and use plastic molding materials that take advantage of the material's elastic properties, improve the strength of molded products, and at the same time achieve the desired accuracy. There are various types of fillers that can be added to such plastic materials, but the mainstream is glass materials, which have a proven track record and are inexpensive and easy to handle. On the other hand, as filler shapes, fiber (straight) and flake-like shapes are mainly used. However, fibrous fillers have the disadvantage of deterioration in shape accuracy due to shrinkage anisotropy caused by the filler orientation during molding, and although flake-like fillers improve shrinkage anisotropy, the weld part of the molded product There are also health and safety issues, such as deterioration in the strength of the material and the ease with which workers can inhale it as it scatters into the air during handling. That is, none of these fillers can be said to be optimal as fillers to be added to plastic molding materials for precision mechanical parts such as lens barrels that require high levels of strength and precision.

Recently, in order to solve the various problems with plastic molding materials containing fillers as described above, plastic molding materials containing fillers that have a linear shape in two-dimensional or three-dimensional directions have been developed. Such a molding material is disclosed in JP-A-55-73737. FIG. 5 C1d shows a typical shape example of the filler disclosed in this publication, and FIG.
b is an example of filler 1a with a two-dimensional shape, Fig. 5 C1d
5 shows an example of a filler 1b having a shape of intersecting straight lines among three-dimensional fillers, and FIG. 5e shows an example of a spiral-shaped filler 10 among three-dimensional fillers.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the technique of the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-73737,
As a method for manufacturing a spiral filler like No. 5@e, after extruding molten glass in a spiral shape with a spinning machine,
A suitable cutting method is listed, and Fig. 5c,
As a method for manufacturing a filler with a three-dimensional shape like d, there is a method in which a plurality of straight fibers intersect and the intersection points are fused or glued. No mechanism was disclosed, and there was a problem in productivity for industrial implementation.

In addition, three-dimensional network skeleton structures made of glass, metal, ceramics, etc., which have recently been applied in various industrial fields as a means of manufacturing fillers with three-dimensional shapes as typified by Figures 5c and d, can be mechanically processed. A conceivable method is to crush the filler into three-dimensional shapes such as those shown in FIGS.

However, conventionally known crushing methods cannot stably produce fillers with three-dimensional shapes as described above.
In a crushing means using a ball mill or the like, most of the crushed pieces become short fibers.

In addition, in the conventional crushing method using the vibration crushing method, the three-dimensional network skeleton structure is not crushed uniformly as a whole but is crushed sequentially, resulting in unevenness in the actual crushing time. At the point when the crushed pieces are crushed, the initially crushed pieces become fine powder, and then the crushed pieces become short fibers. Therefore,
In the end, only the last crushed portion is crushed as a three-dimensional filler, resulting in an extremely low filler recovery rate. Furthermore, even when separating fine powder or short fiber-like fragments mixed in the crushed and collected three-dimensional fragments, it is not possible to use a classifier that has been conventionally used in various industries.

In other words, a vibrating sieve classifier that classifies using a vibrating motor,
In addition, with all wind classifiers that classify using the difference in viscous resistance to airflow, a considerable impact is applied to the object to be classified during classification, so there is no problem when classifying granules or flakes. When classifying a filler having a three-dimensional shape as shown in FIG. 5C1d, the filler is further crushed.

As mentioned above, the technology to industrially produce fillers has been insufficient in the past.In other words, plastic molding materials containing fillers with two-dimensional or three-dimensional shapes have a high degree of strength and precision. Although it is extremely effective for obtaining plastic molded products, no effective means for producing the filler to be added stably and at low cost has been developed so far.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art described above, and is a method of crushing a three-dimensional network skeleton structure.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a filler having a three-dimensional shape and an apparatus therefor, which allows filler having a three-dimensional shape to be produced stably and at low cost in a classification method.

[Means to solve the problem]

In the filler manufacturing method of the present invention, a three-dimensional network skeleton structure is crushed while applying vibration, and among the crushed pieces that are gradually crushed, crushed pieces that have been crushed to a predetermined size or less are sequentially supplied to the classification section, and the In the classification section, finely pulverized crushed pieces and short fiberized crushed pieces are separated from the crushed pieces while applying slight vibrations, and only crushed pieces having a three-dimensional shape of a predetermined shape and one dimension are taken out. That is.

Further, the filler manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes a box body equipped with a net having a wire mesh for mounting and supporting the three-dimensional rope-like skeleton structure and allowing passage of crushed pieces of a predetermined size or less among the crushed pieces. a crushing section having a vibrating section and a pressing section for applying a one-period vibration pressing operation to the three-dimensional network skeleton structure supplied and placed in the box; A predetermined mesh mesh body is arranged at an inclination to receive the crushed pieces that are crushed and fall from the meshes of the net body, and to move the crushed pieces toward the filler collection port, and a slight vibration is applied to the net body. It consists of a vibrating section for

[For production]

In the above method and apparatus, the three-dimensional network skeleton structure is gradually crushed while being vibrated, and the crushed pieces crushed to a predetermined size are sequentially supplied to the classification section. Then, the fine powder crushed pieces are separated in the classification section, and only the three-dimensionally shaped filler of a predetermined size is taken out.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing one embodiment of a manufacturing apparatus for carrying out the method for manufacturing a filler having a three-dimensional shape according to the present invention. This is for producing a three-dimensionally shaped filler 12 while applying vibration to the skeletal structure 11 and crushing it.
Commonly used materials include glass, metal, and ceramics.

Furthermore, as the glass material of the filler 12, not only so-called amorphous glass but also crystallized glass can be used.
When crystallized glass is used, compared to when amorphous glass is used, filler 12 can be obtained which can bring about a greater effect of improving strength than when added to a plastic base material. Note that the three-dimensional network skeleton structure 1 used in this example
Since the manufacturing method No. 1 is well known, a detailed explanation thereof will be omitted. For example, a powder firing method is known as a method for manufacturing three-dimensional network skeleton structures of glass and ceramics. In this method, a foamed resin such as polyurethane foam is impregnated with a slurry of metal, ceramics, glass, etc., and then the slurry is fired and the foamed resin is burned and removed.

In this case, when crystallized glass powder is used as the slurry, it is sufficient to carry out crystallization treatment at an appropriate temperature for 1 hour after firing, and methods for manufacturing the three-dimensional network skeleton structure of metal include powder firing method, The casting method, electroplating method, etc. are known. The casting method involves filling foamed resin with gypsum, drying it, burning off the foamed resin, vacuum-casting aluminum alloy, zinc alloy, etc. into the formed cavity, and then removing the gypsum. In addition, the electroplating method is a method in which nickel, lil, or an alloy thereof is electrodeposited after conductive treatment is applied to the skeletal surface of the foamed resin. Figure 2 shows the three-dimensional network skeletal structure obtained by each of the above methods. It shows a typical shape of the body, and FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view thereof.

The three-dimensional network skeleton structure (for example, one made of glass will be explained as an example) produced by the above method is as follows:
The box 14, which is set to be supplied into the box 14 of the crushing section 13 shown in FIG. 1, is fixed to the device base 15, and the bottom of the box 14 is not open. At the same time, a net 17 of 20 meshes is stretched horizontally on the inside side of the opening 16. The three-dimensional network skeleton structure 11 made of glass is placed and supplied on the network 17 of the box 14.

An air cylinder 18 for crushing operation is arranged vertically above the box 14, and a pressure plate 20 is attached to the tip (lower end) of the piston rod 19 of the air cylinder 18.

The pressure plate 20 is set to be periodically moved up and down via the air cylinder 18, and at its bottom dead center, the pressure plate 20 always touches the top surface of the three-dimensional network skeleton structure 11 inside the box body 14. Control the stroke so that it is pressed lightly.

An air pie break 21 is fixed to the outer surface of the box 14, and the air pie break 21 is connected to a compressor 23 via a pipe 22. The air vibrator 21 is configured so that an internal piston (not shown) reciprocates through air pressure fed from the compressor 23 to exhibit an oscillation function.

The box body 14. Air cylinder 18. A classification section 24 is disposed below the crushing section 13 consisting of a pressure plate 20. Hopper 25. 2611 cases 27
, receiving plate 28. Filler collection box 29. and fine powder collection box 30
It is composed of the following.

The hopper 25 is disposed below the bottom opening 16 of the box body 14, and includes crushed pieces of the three-dimensional network skeleton structure 11 that have fallen from the net body 17 (three-dimensional shape filler 12 having a predetermined shape and nine dimensions). The fine powder crushed pieces 12a) are transferred to the hopper 25. The liquid is supplied falling into the casing 26 through the opening 31 of the casing 26.

Inside the housing 26, there is a rod (400 mesh) 2 for separating the crushed pieces falling from the opening 31 into a three-dimensional filler 12 having a predetermined shape and one dimension and a fine crushed piece 12a.
7 are arranged at an inclination, and the configuration is such that only the three-dimensional filler 12 having a predetermined shape and five dimensions flows down on the net body 27 and is stored in the filler collection box 29 through the collection port 32.

Further, fine powder crushed pieces 12 falling downward from the mesh of the net body 27
a is collected (accommodated) in the fine powder collection box 30 via a receiving plate 28 which is arranged at an angle in the housing 26 and whose lower end faces the upper opening of the fine powder collection box 30. ing.

A vibrator 33 is fixed to the outer surface of the housing 26, and the vibrator 33 is connected to an oscillation source 34.

Next, a method for manufacturing filler 12 having a three-dimensional shape using filler manufacturing apparatus 10 having the above configuration will be described.

First, the three-dimensional network skeleton structure 11 manufactured by a powder firing method or the like is supplied into the box 14 of the crushing section 13 .

Next, the three-dimensional network skeleton structure 1 supplied inside the box body 14
A pressure plate 20 that is periodically moved up and down via an air cylinder 18 is applied to the three-dimensional network skeleton structure 11 through the pressure plate 20. At the same time, the air pie break-21 is operated, and the impact caused by the vibration of the air pie break-21 is applied to the three-dimensional network skeleton structure 11. Then, the three-dimensional network skeleton structure 11 is gradually crushed by the cooperative action of this pressure 120, the air pipe brake, and the tar 21. Then, the crushed fragments having a size of 750 μm or less are sequentially dropped downward through the mesh of the mesh body 17 of 20 meshes, and are dropped into the hopper 2.
5 and is supplied into the casing 26 of the classifying section 24. Rope body 17
is vibrated via the air-by-break 21, so the mesh of the mesh body 17 will not be clogged.

The crushed pieces that continuously fall from the rope body 17 fall onto the 400-mesh net 27 inside the casing 26.

The crushed pieces that have fallen onto the net 27 are transferred (moved) downward along the slope of the net 27 while vibrating the net 27 via the vibrator 33. is transported without being further crushed, retaining the shape and dimension of the fallen state.

In this transfer process, the crushed pieces are transferred to the three-dimensional filler 12 of a predetermined shape and one dimension that does not fall through the mesh of the 400-mesh mesh body 27 and the 40 μm that falls through the mesh.
Fine powder crushed pieces or short fiber crushed pieces with the following sizes 12
Among the crushed pieces classified in this classification step, the three-dimensional filler 12 having a predetermined shape and one dimension is stored in the filler collection box 29 through the collection port 32. On the other hand, the fine powder crushed pieces 12a that have fallen from the mesh of the net body 27 are stored in the fine powder collection box 3o via the receiving plate 28.

According to the filler manufacturing apparatus 10 and the filler manufacturing method described above, it is possible to manufacture a three-dimensional filler 12 having a predetermined shape and one dimension as shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b. Note that FIGS. 3a and 3b show typical examples of the three-dimensional shape filler 12.

Further, in this embodiment, the three-dimensional rod-like skeleton structure 11 is crushed by the vibration method, and the crushed pieces crushed into a predetermined shape and one dimension (size) are sequentially supplied to the classification section 24 through the net body 17. , it is possible to obtain crushed pieces with a three-dimensional shape with little variation in size, and because it is a method that separates fine crushed pieces etc. from the crushed pieces with a stable three-dimensional shape, it is possible to obtain a three-dimensional shape with a stable size. You can get filler.

Moreover, when separating the fine powder fragments, etc., slight vibrations are applied to prevent the fragments from being subjected to a large impact, so the three-dimensionally shaped filler 12 with stable quality can be produced at a high rate in a continuous process. It is made from natural raw materials.

In the above examples, glass was used as the filler material, but the material is not limited to this, and metal,
It can also be applied to ceramics, etc.

Further, by changing the meshes of the net bodies 17 and 27 used, the size of the three-dimensionally shaped filler 12 to be manufactured can also be changed. That is, for example, the filler components 12a, 12b shown in FIG. 4a.

For 12c, if the diameter is 5 to 20 μm and the length is 50 to 500 μm, the aspect ratio will be appropriate and the composite effect can be enhanced, but it is not necessarily limited to the above size range, and the plastic molded product It can be set arbitrarily depending on the purpose and the strength and accuracy. In addition, all of the methods for manufacturing the three-dimensional network skeleton structure 11 described above use foamed resin, and the filler component piece 12
a.

The diameter and length of 12b and 12c are determined by the porosity of the foamed resin, and a foamed resin having an appropriate porosity may be used depending on the desired filler size.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, when crushing a three-dimensional network skeleton structure, it is possible to obtain three-dimensionally shaped crushed pieces with little dimensional variation, and furthermore, it is possible to obtain three-dimensionally shaped crushed pieces with little dimensional variation. When separating the fine powdery crushed pieces and short fibrous crushed pieces that are mixed inside, the crushed pieces are separated by slight vibration to avoid applying a large impact to the crushed pieces, so it is possible to produce filler with a stable three-dimensional shape and quality. Moreover, since it is produced by a continuous process, it can be produced with high productivity.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a manufacturing apparatus directly used for carrying out the filler manufacturing method according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are a plan view and an enlarged view of a three-dimensional network skeleton structure. FIG. 5 is a front view showing a typical shape of crushed pieces obtained by crushing a three-dimensional network skeleton structure, and FIG. 5 is a front view showing an example of the structure of a filler according to the prior art. 11... Three-dimensional network skeleton structure 12... Three-dimensional shape filler 12a... Fine powder crushed pieces 13... Crushed part 14... Box body 17.27... Net body 20... Pressure plate 21... Air Pie Break - 29... Filler Collection Box Patent Applicant Olympus Optical Industry Co., Ltd. Agent Patent Attorney Takeshi Nara 1. ＼ Figure 1 i! ：I・Filler IB'li, 4 [1 ■ axis, "God~ /"翫＼1-〆

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Crushing the three-dimensional network skeleton structure while applying vibration,
Among the crushed pieces that are gradually crushed, the crushed pieces that have been crushed to a predetermined size or less are sequentially supplied to a classification section, and in the classification section, finely divided crushed pieces and 1. A method for producing a filler having a three-dimensional shape, which comprises separating crushed pieces that have been made into short fibers and taking out only three-dimensional crushed pieces having a predetermined shape and size. (2) a box body equipped with a net having a mesh for placing and supporting a three-dimensional network skeleton structure and allowing crushed pieces of a predetermined size or less to pass among the crushed pieces; and supplying into the box body; a crushing section having a vibrating section and a pressing section for imparting vibrations and periodic pressing motions to the placed three-dimensional network skeleton structure; Consisting of a mesh body with a predetermined mesh arranged at an inclination to receive crushed pieces falling from the mesh and move the crushed pieces toward the filler collection port, and an excitation part for applying slight vibrations to the mesh body. An apparatus for manufacturing a filler having a three-dimensional shape, characterized by: