JPH01197105A - Suspension device for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make a steering wheel towed out and secure the running stability by dividing a wheel supporting member into halves, coupling them around an oscillating axis, and tilting the oscillating axis so that it becomes low toward the outside. CONSTITUTION:A knuckle 1 which supports a steering wheel 10 through a spindle 9 is divided into halves, i.e. an upper knuckle 1A and a lower knuckle 1B. On the other hand, respective inside ends of the upper and lower suspension arms 2 and 3 are coupled with a body 6 through respective elastic bushings 4 and 5. Respective outside ends of the upper and lower suspension arms 2 and 3 are also coupled with respective upper and lower ends of respective upper and lower knuckles 1A and 1B through respective ball joints 7 and 8. At this time, respective upper and lower knuckles 1A and 1B are mutually coupled above the spindle 9 through a plural number of ball joints 32 and 33. An oscillating axis beta which couples respective ball joints 32 and 33 is also tilted by a predetermined angle theta1 against the rotating center line alpha of the steering wheel 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a vehicle suspension device for supporting a steered wheel. (Prior Art) A suspension device for supporting a steered wheel includes: The suspension arm has a wheel support member that is supported at rest by a suspension arm, and is movable and steerable, and a steered wheel is attached to this wheel. The knuckle further includes a knuckle arm, and the steered wheels are steered by applying a steering force to the knuckle arm.

By the way, in the suspension writing device of a vehicle, from the point of view of ensuring steering stability and ride comfort, it is desirable that the lj transport be able to move relatively easily in the front and rear directions when receiving front and rear suspension. Conversely, it is desirable to prevent the small wheels from moving on their own when subjected to lateral force. This is also required when the Flj is a steered wheel.

” - From the above point of view, the steered wheels are easy to move in the front and rear directions, and in the lateral direction, that is! 4j As a suspension device that makes it difficult to move in the width direction, U.S. patent specification i'J
4, l55, 566 and 2,882.06
5 has been proposed. All of the devices described in these US patent specifications have one nasocle, two divided knuckles, and an upper divided knuckle. 5. More specifically, in U.S. Pat. A connecting shaft extending toward the vehicle width side is provided, and the lower end of the upper divided knuckle is rotatably connected to this connecting shaft. A support tube is integrally formed in the upper split knuckle so as to surround the lower end of the 1' split knuckle, and an elastic member is interposed between the support tube and the 1-1 split knuckle. It is. As a result, the upper divided knuckle can easily move around the connecting shaft within the range of elastic deformation of the elastic member, while the upper divided knuckle is less likely to tilt with respect to the axis of the connecting shaft. . In other words, 1
-The fact that the 1-split knuckle is likely to swing around the connecting shaft means that the steered wheel can easily move in the longitudinal force direction when receiving the mj rear force, and the upper split knuckle can easily swing around the connecting shaft. On the other hand, a steep tilt means that the lateral movement of the steered wheels when subjected to lateral force is restricted.

Also, 1) fI U.S. patent specifications;! :F2.882.0
65 also has a knuckle divided into two parts, a 1-divided knuckle and an upper divided knuckle, and a spindle and a knuckle arm are provided for the upper divided knuckle, as well as a connecting shaft extending inward in the narrow width direction. In order to rotatably connect the lower end of the upper split knuckle to the connecting shaft, a support part is provided to surround the upper split knuckle from at least +iif rearward direction, and this support part Elastic members are interposed between the upper and lower split knuckles, that is, at the front and rear sides of the upper split knuckle.

As a result, as in US Patent Specification A+4.155,566, relative change in the lateral direction is restricted while allowing the upper split knuckle to swing with respect to the upper split knuckle.

In the two U.S. patent specifications, the upper split knuckle is connected to a heavy body via a suspension arm, and the upper split knuckle is connected to the vehicle body via a lower suspension arm.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Recently, from various viewpoints, it has become possible to actively cause a toe-out change or to suppress a toe-in change in the steered wheels when passing through a gap in the road surface or during braking. desired.

To elaborate on this point, when the steering wheel is 011, it is effective to strengthen the understeering tendency when passing through gaps in the road surface or when braking, and toe out to ensure stability when turning. . Additionally, due to suspension geometry settings, the tendency of the steered wheels to toe-in may be accentuated when passing through gaps in the road surface or during braking.5 It is desirable to counteract this tendency to toe-in (suppression of toe changes). .

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned IG circumstances, and is based on the premise that the wheel support member that supports the steered wheels is configured as two divided bodies in order to ensure ride comfort. We have developed a vehicle suspension system that allows the steering wheel to change toe-out when passing through gears and ribs on the road surface or when braking, by adding an extra force to the body connection mode. It is about providing.

(Means and operations for solving the problems) In order to achieve the object described in fiif, the present invention has the following configuration. Namely.

A wheel support member for supporting a steered wheel has a first divided support member connected to the vehicle body via a suspension arm, and a wheel support member that supports a steered wheel and is connected to the vehicle body via a suspension arm. It is configured as two divided bodies with the second dispensing middle wheel support member, and both the first and second dispensing middle wheel supporting members of 17iI swing about a predetermined swing axis extending in the narrow width direction. and the pivot axis is inclined with respect to the center of rotation of the steered wheel so that the steered wheel toes out when the attached portion of the steered wheel is displaced rearward. The composition is as follows.

With this configuration, the steering wheel mounting part can be
When passing through a gap in the road surface or during braking, the vehicle receives an external rearward force and swings forward relative to a predetermined swing axis. During this rocking, the steered wheel undergoes a toe-out change while changing the camber due to the inclination setting of the rocking axis and the rotation center line of the steered wheel.

In addition, in order to achieve toe-out, it is assumed that the mounting part of the steered wheel is provided on the second sorting wheel support member, and the swing axis described in 1. (lower towards the outside) or rearward as you move towards the outside in the vehicle width direction (
(facing outward).

(Embodiments) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the attached drawings.

In Figures 1 and 2, l is a knuckle as a wheel support member, and this is a split knuckle IA as a first divided wheel support member, and a split knuckle IA as a second divided heavy wheel support member. It has a two-part configuration with a lower split knuckle IB. Also, 2
2 is an upper suspension arm, 3 is a lower suspension arm, and both 2 and 3 are so-called A-type arms extending in the vehicle width direction. The upper suspension arm 2.3 has an axis I21 or i! which extends in the longitudinal direction through the elastic bushing 4 or 5 at its inner end in the narrow width direction, each of which is bifurcated. , 2 are rotatably connected to the insect body 6.

The outer end of the lower suspension arm 2 in the vehicle width direction is connected to the seventh end of the upper split knuckle IA via the ball joint 7, and the outer end of the lower suspension arm 3 in the vehicle width direction is connected to the ball joint 7. 8 to the lower end of the lower divided knuckle IB.

The lower split knuckle 113 has a spindle 9 protruding from its lower end portion extending outward in the vehicle width direction.
A steered wheel 10 serving as a third wheel is rotatably mounted around this spindle 9 as a center of rotation. In addition, in the embodiment, the case where the steered wheel lO is a driven wheel is shown. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the lower split knuckle IB has a knuckle arm 11 extending in the front-rear direction protrudingly provided at its lower end, and a ball joint 12 is connected to the tip of the knuckle arm 11. A tie rod 13 that constitutes a part of the steering mechanism is connected.

The L divided knuckle IA and the lower divided knuckle IB are connected as follows. First, the lower end of the upper divided knuckle 1A is bifurcated, and the elastic bush 31 It is connected to the F-divided knuckle IB via the bushing 31, and is connected to the bushing 31 via the ball joint 32, 33 of 2-).
It is connected to the split knuckle IB. - The lower end of the forked upper split knuckle l△ sandwiches the upper split knuckle IB with some play in the front-rear direction with respect to the - upper split knuckle IB, and this play is Both knuckles IA and IB can be easily moved in the front and rear directions. In addition, the elastic bushing 31 has its axis extending toward the rear of the road surface, and is hard in its radial direction and soft in its axial direction. Incidentally, since various elastic bushes having such characteristics are known in the past, detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

The two ball joints 32 and 33 are spaced apart from each other in the vehicle width direction, and the ball joint 3 is located on the outside.
2 is located at a slightly lower position than the ball joint 33 located on the inside. A straight line β connecting these two ball joints 32 and 33 in a spherical manner becomes a predetermined swing axis,
This swing axis β is set to be inclined by an inclination angle θ1 (θ1>0°) with respect to the rotation center line α of the steered wheels, that is, to become lower toward the outside in the vehicle width direction. When viewed from the plane as shown in Figure 3, this α
The line (3) is insanely parallel.

The connection between the split wheel support members IA and IB by the ball joints 32 and 33 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 3. First, each ball joint 32
(33) is a spherical part 32a (3:3a), a shaft part 32b13b integrated with the spherical part 32a (33a),
has. This spherical portion 32a (33a) is fitted into a recess 34 (35) formed in the first divided heavy wheel support member IA so that it can rotate without rattling and cannot come off. Further, the shaft portion 32b (33b) passes directly through the upper divided heavy wheel support member IB without rattling.
Remove it with nut 3B (37) screwed onto 33b) [
Being tormented. Note that 38 (39) is a dust boot.

Next, the operation of the configuration as described below will be explained. Now, consider a case where there is an input to the rear of the steering wheel 10. In this case, for spindle 9.

, an external force acts backwards. At this time, when the heavy wheel support member 1 is viewed from the side, the spindle 9
is displaced backward l\. Conversely, when there is a forward input to the steered wheels 10, the spindle 9 swings forward. Do it like this.

In response to an external force in the longitudinal direction, the spindle 9, that is, the steering wheel 10, is displaced forward or backward, thereby preventing a large impact from being transmitted to the L body 6, and improving riding comfort.

Now, let's consider when passing through a gap in the road surface or when braking. In this case, as a result of a rearward external force acting on the spindle 9, the spindle 9 is displaced rearward.
) is oscillated forward relative to the oscillation axis β.

In this case, by setting the slopes of α and β rays as described above,
The camber of the steered wheel 10 is changed toward the positive deep camber direction, and the steering wheel 10 is changed toward the toe-out direction. This increases the tendency for understeering and ensures stability during turns. Further, in a case where the suspension geometry setting causes a toe-in tendency when the steered wheels 10 are displaced rearward, this toe-in tendency is canceled.

EXAMPLE FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and the same reference numerals are used for the same components as in the previous embodiment, and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

In this embodiment, the swing axis β is set as follows with respect to the rotation center line a.
As you move toward the supination side of the car,
It is inclined by an inclination angle θ2 (02>Oo). In this embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the steered wheels 10 toe out when passing through a gap in the road surface and during braking. However, the camber is changed toward negative camber. Of course, the inclination angle θl shown in Fig. 1 may be present or absent (the a-line and the β-line are parallel), but by appropriately selecting θl and 02, the camber can be changed while obtaining toe-out. It is also possible to suppress

Although one embodiment has been described below, the present invention can be similarly applied even when the rear wheels are the steered wheels (for example, in the case of a four-wheel steering system) or when the steered wheels are the drive wheels. It is. Further, the upper suspension arm 2 may be of a strut type.

(9! Effects of Light) As is clear from the above description, the present invention effectively relieves the longitudinal force input to the steered wheels to improve riding comfort, while also improving riding comfort when passing through gaps in the road surface. A favorable toe-out change of the steered wheels during braking can be obtained.

In particular, the preferred toe-out change described above requires only a predetermined connection of the two split wheel support members to ensure ride comfort, so the structure is simple and there is freedom in setting the suspension geometry. The degree also increases.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention, with Figure 1 being a front view and Figure 2 being a side view. FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, and is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 3. 1: Knuckle (middle wheel support member) l△: Upper split knuckle (first split type wheel support member) IB Nido Part 11 knuckle (second split wheel support member) 2: Earth, suspension frame 3: Lower suspension arm 6: Vehicle body 9 Nispindle (steering wheel attachment part) 10: Steering wheel 31: Elastic bushing 32. 33: Ball joint (for swing axis configuration) a: Rotation center line 0: Swing axis Fig. 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A wheel support member that supports a steered wheel has a first split wheel support member connected to the vehicle body via an upper suspension arm, and a steering wheel attachment portion, and is connected to the vehicle body via a lower suspension arm. and a second split wheel support member, the first and second split wheel support members being able to swing about a predetermined swing axis extending substantially in the vehicle width direction. and wherein the swing axis is inclined with respect to the rotational center line of the steered wheel so that the steered wheel toes out when the attached portion of the steered wheel is displaced rearward. Vehicle suspension equipment.