JPH01132812A - Multileaf-type fiber - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the title novel fiber outstanding in mechanical properties, functionality, processability, color tone, gloss etc., by mutual conjugation at the rectangular sides, of a plural of primary aggregates formed by alternately superposing two kinds of filmy structural elements consisting of respective two polymers differing from each other. CONSTITUTION:Two kinds of filmy structural elements 1, 2 consisting of respective two polymers differing from each other are alternately superposed to form a primary aggregate followed by conjugation of a plural of said primary aggregates a, b at their rectangular sides mutually to form a secondary aggregate, thus obtaining the obtaining the objective fiber. To produce said fiber, according to the established process for obtaining multilaminar conjugate type fibers, multilaminar conjugate-type polymer flows formed by alternate conjugation of the two kinds of polymers within the spinning pack are formed followed by combining said two polymer flows so that their rectangular back sides are mutually conjugated, and then delivery through the nozzle to carry out spinning.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a novel multilobal fiber. More specifically, it relates to multilobed fibers with excellent mechanical properties, functionality, and processability.

(Prior Art) As is well known, fibers made of polymers such as polyester and polyamide have excellent physical and chemical properties and are therefore widely used for clothing and non-clothing applications.

In particular, in recent years, as lifestyles have become more sophisticated and diversified, there has been a demand for fiber materials with more advanced and unique performance.

There are many fields where single-component fibers cannot meet these demands, and so-called composite fibers composed of two or more types of polymer components with different properties are now often used.

For example, two types of fiber-forming polymers are combined into a side-pie-side type or a core-sheath type (Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-16
No. 529, JP-A No. 60-162862, JP-A No. 57-56518), a sea-island composite fiber in which different types of fiber-forming polymers are arranged in a sea-island pattern (Japanese Patent Publication No. 4B-Sho.
22126, Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-26895, Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-3815, Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-38215) or split type composite fibers in which different types of fiber-forming polymers are arranged adjacently multiple times -16529, JP-A-60-162862, JP-A-57-
56518, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 56-53210), etc. have been proposed.

However, the conventionally used side pie
Side-type and core-sheath type composite fibers have very simple fiber shapes, and the texture, function, and mechanical performance of the fabrics obtained with these composite fibers are not necessarily satisfactory.

Another sea-island type complex! ! The purpose of fiber is to dissolve and remove the sea component to obtain ultrafine fibers made of island components.Splitable composite fibers are made by dividing the composite fibers by physical or chemical treatment to produce 1q of microfibers. The objective was to obtain a multifilament, that is, a mixed yarn composed of two or more types of single filaments with different values.

As described above, conventional composite fibers have complex fiber shapes and do not fully utilize the synergistic effect of multiple components, which is a unique feature of composite fibers.

Therefore, there is still considerable room for improvement in terms of texture, functionality, and mechanical performance, and there are also many difficulties in converting the material into textiles and in processability in various processes.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present inventors have arrived at the present invention as a result of intensive studies on multilobal fibers that do not have the above-mentioned drawbacks.

An object of the present invention is to provide a multilobed fiber with excellent mechanical properties, functionality, and processability.

(Means for solving the problems) The present invention has the following configuration. That is, (1) a film-like component consisting of component A and component B;
film-like constituent elements consisting of are stacked alternately to form a primary aggregate, and a plurality of the -Daito combinations form a secondary aggregate in which the plurality of film-like constituent elements are joined at right angle sides thereof. It is a leaf-shaped fiber.

FIGS. 1 and 2 are cross-sectional model views showing an example of the composite fiber of the present invention.

In the present invention, "-Daito combination" has a cross section in which film-like constituent elements made of component A and film-like constituent elements made of component B are alternately stacked. A "secondary aggregate" is one in which a plurality of primary aggregates are combined with their right-angled sides and out of phase.

Here, the term "right-angled side surface" refers to a side surface that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the film-like components 1 and 2, that is, a side surface that is perpendicular to the joint surface of the film-like components.

In FIG. 1, a and b are primary aggregates, and have a two-layer structure in which a and b are bonded back to back.

3 shows a part where the right angle sides of the primary aggregate are joined back to back.

FIG. 2 shows the case of a four-layer structure, where a, b, c, and d are primary aggregates. 3 shows a part where the right angle sides of the primary aggregate are joined back to back.

The characteristics of the multi-lobed fiber of the present invention are that, in its cross-sectional shape, (1) it forms a primary aggregate in which film-like components made of different types of polymers are alternately joined; (2) A plurality of primary aggregates form a right-angled side They form a secondary aggregate in which they are bonded back to back, and (i) the bonded portion forms a spine-like shape and connects the composite components.

By combining a plurality of primary aggregates with their right-angled side faces out of phase, it is possible to form a special cross-sectional shape with a high degree of irregularity, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

Therefore, the multilobed fiber of the present invention has a clear and deep color tone,
It can have properties such as pure luster and a feel similar to natural fibers. Roughly speaking, the joints between primary aggregates form a spine-like shape where multiple components intermingle and the polymers of any of the components are continuous at the joints.
Since this portion serves as a core of the fiber that connects the components, it is possible to give the fiber a uniform cross-sectional shape, excellent processability, and favorable mechanical performance.

More specifically, the number of overlapping film-like components in the Daito combination is at least 6, preferably 10 or more, particularly preferably 20 or more. In some cases, the number may exceed 1000. Also, it doesn't matter if this number is different for each Daito combination.

When this number increases, the thickness of the film-like components becomes thinner, and depending on the combination of polymers, the bond between the film-like components can be made stronger.

, the shape of the joint in the secondary aggregate is not limited at all. That is, it may be a straight line, a curved line, or a meandering line.

Further, the number of primary aggregates in the secondary aggregate is not particularly limited, and is determined depending on the use and purpose.

For example, FIG. 1 shows a combination of two primary aggregates, and FIG. 2 shows a combination of four primary aggregates.

Of course, it may be more than that.

The ratio of composite components is A/B = 99/1 to 1/9 by weight.
9, preferably A/B=9515 to 5/95.

Depending on the combination of polymer components, unevenness may appear on the fiber surface due to differences in shrinkage, solubility, or degradability between the polymers, and the present invention also includes fibers with this shape. In this case, it is possible to impart properties such as natural fiber-like squeaking and crispness to the fiber.

The ratio of the length of the long side (m>) to the short side (n> of the film-like component (m/n> is not particularly limited, but is at least 2
or more, preferably 5 or more, and may exceed 50 in some cases.

The polymers used in the present invention are polymer types commonly used for fiberization, such as polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, acetate, etc., and their copolymers. Two types of polymers are selected depending on the application.

Furthermore, as mentioned above, the multilobal fibers of the present invention can be used with polymers that have been thought to have practical problems and be difficult to use when used alone due to their unique cross-sectional shape. By using them in combination, performance that takes advantage of the characteristics of the polymer can be obtained due to their synergistic effect.

For example, polyarylate, high polymerization degree polyethylene, etc. are used for high strength, poly7mide elastomer, polyester elastomer, polyurethane elastomer, fluororubber, etc. are used for flexibility, polyvinyl alcohol, and various high polymers with ionic groups are added for water absorption. Polyoxyethylene, carbon particle-containing polymers, conductive metal compound-containing polymers, etc. are used to impart electrical conductivity, and polymers containing high-density metals such as zinc, barium, titanium, antimony, and lead and their compounds are used to increase specific gravity. Polyphenylsulfide, etc. to impart heat resistance and chemical resistance; polyphosph-7zene, etc. to impart flame retardancy, biocompatibility, and oil resistance; colorant-containing polymers, highly color-forming polymers, etc. to impart high color development properties. It is. Materials depending on the specific purpose can be mixed into the polymer in an amount greater than the amount normally used.

In this way, the fiber of the present invention has a combination of polymers,
It is possible to select from an extremely wide range of performance that has not been available before, and it is also possible to significantly improve the performance of the fiber.

The thickness of the fibers is not particularly limited. Further, this fiber can be mixed with a fineness mix, a heat shrinkage mix, or other fibers, and can also be used as a so-called processed yarn which is subjected to a false twisting process to impart stretchability and bulkiness. The multilobed fiber of the present invention can also be used in the form of fabrics such as woven, knitted, and nonwoven fabrics, or composites thereof.

Furthermore, the multilobed fiber of the present invention includes a form in which multiple components within a single fiber are integrated, and a form in which the part facing the outside is split by splitting treatment. It doesn't matter if it is.

Although the present invention does not in any way question the means for producing such fibers, examples of preferably producing such fibers will be described below.

In order to produce 1q of multilobed fibers of the present invention shown in Fig. 1, two types of polymers with different properties are alternately and repeatedly bonded in a spinning pack by a conventionally known method for obtaining multilayer bonded composite fibers. Create a multilayer bonded composite polymer flow. Next, the two multilayer bonded composite polymer streams (-component aggregates) are joined back to back with their right-angled sides using a bonding plate, and the polymer streams are discharged from the spinneret nozzle and spun. .

To obtain the multilobed type 11t (t) of the present invention shown in FIG.
First, two multilayer bonded composite polymer flows are joined back to back with right angle sides using a first joining plate, and two of these polymer flows are further joined in series by a second joining plate, and then discharged from a nozzle. It can be obtained by spinning.

The multilobed fiber of the present invention can be used in a wide range of fields, including clothing and non-clothing. For example, for clothing,
Underwear, underwear, blouses, stockings, cold weather clothing, sportswear, casual wear, swimsuits, leotards, shirts, etc. Non-clothing products include futon cotton, artificial hair, ink ribbons, bandages, towels, and wiping cloths. , puffs, various filters, tire cords, ropes, fishing nets, etc.

(Examples) Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples in any way. It should be noted that all "proportions" are based on weight unless otherwise specified.

Example 1 16 rows of fluid mixers in which six fluid alternating array elements of the same type as those described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1048/1988 were connected in the vertical direction;
Using a spinning pack that incorporates a coupling plate and a nozzle in its lower part that combine the fluids discharged from the two rows of the fluid mixer, polyethylene terephthalate is used as the A component, and polyarylate (wholly aromatic polyester) is used as the B component. A composite fiber was melt-spun.

The cross-sectional shape of the obtained lIi miscellaneous is that A and B are alternately 50
It was a multilayer bonded type in which ~65 pairs were repeatedly bonded, and furthermore, it was a composite fiber in which the right angle sides were bonded back to back. The spinning conditions at this time were a temperature of 320°C and a take-up speed of 10
00m/min, number of filaments 8, component ratio A/B=80/
It was set at 20.

Subsequently, this composite fiber was subjected to a dry heat treatment of 200'C1 for about 20 hours, and further compounded to obtain a filament number of 24.7.
It was made of 5 denier thread.

The obtained yarn had a tenacity of 13.6 c+/d, which was almost twice as strong as a strong cuff of a regular polyester yarn of the same denier, 5Q/d. Moreover, when this yarn was used to make woven and nonwoven fabrics, the fabrics were extremely strong.

Embodiment 2 Sixteen rows of fluid mixers in which six fluid alternating array elements of the same type as those described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1048/1988 are connected in the vertical direction,
Using a spinning pack incorporating a coupling plate and a spinneret in its lower part that combine the fluids discharged from the two rows of the fluid mixer, a polyoxyethylene segment containing 4'5 wt% of polyoxyethylene segments of 14,000 molecules as component A was prepared. A composite fiber consisting of a captolactam polyether block copolymer and nylon 6 as the B component was melt-spun.

The cross-sectional shape of the obtained fibers is such that A and B are alternately 50 to 6
It was a multilayer bonded type in which five pairs were repeatedly bonded, and the composite fibers were bonded with their right-angled sides back to back.

The spinning conditions at this time were a temperature of 270°C and a take-up speed of 1200°C.
m/min, number of filaments 8, component ratio A/B = 20/80
And so.

Subsequently, the yarn was drawn at a drawing speed of 400 m/min, a hot plate temperature of 120° C., and a draw ratio of 3.2, and then the yarns were doubled to obtain a drawn yarn of 24 denier and 8 filaments.

This drawn yarn was twisted at 150 T/m for the warp yarn and 100 T/m for the weft yarn to weave a plain woven fabric with a weave density of 118 yarns/inch in the warp and 111 yarns/inch in the weft.

This fabric was immersed in a 98°C treatment solution containing a surfactant for relaxing scouring, and then dry heat treated at 160°C for 1 minute.

The obtained fabric was dyed dark blue by a conventional method.

The dyed fabric had excellent electrostatic properties with a frictional charging voltage of 1120V. Moreover, it had a clear, deep color tone and a pure luster.

Embodiment 3 Sixteen rows of fluid mixers in which six fluid alternating array elements of the same type as those described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1048/1988 are connected in the vertical direction,
Using a spinning pack that incorporates a coupling plate and a nozzle in its lower part that combine the fluids discharged from the two rows of the fluid mixer, the A component is nylon 6, the B component is polyphosfabin (PLP manufactured by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.). 210> was melt-spun.

The cross-sectional shape of the obtained fibers is such that A and B are alternately 50 to 6
It was a multilayer bonded type in which five pairs were repeatedly bonded, and the two layers were composite fibers in which the right-angled sides were bonded back to back. The spinning conditions at this time were a temperature of 280°C and a take-up speed of 12
00m/min, number of filaments 8, component ratio A/B=70/
It was set at 30.

Subsequently, the stretching speed was 400 m/min, and the hot plate temperature was 1.
Stretched at 20°C and a stretching ratio of 2.8, 24 denier,
It was made into a drawn yarn of 8 filaments.

While doubling this drawn yarn, the warp yarn is 150T/
The FD yarn was twisted at 100 T/m, and a plain woven fabric with a weave density of 112 yarns/inch in the vertical direction and 107 yarns/inch in the horizontal direction was woven.

This fabric was immersed in a 98° C. treatment solution containing a surfactant for relaxing scouring, and was also subjected to a dry heat treatment at 160° C. for 1 minute.

The obtained fabric exhibited flame retardancy to the extent that it had self-extinguishing properties. Moreover, it has an excellent feel1. It was flexible.

(Effect of the invention) The multilobed fiber of the present invention has the following effects.

■ By joining multiple primary aggregates back to back, a special and complex irregularly shaped cross section is formed, and it has properties such as clear and deep color tone, pure luster, and natural fiber-like feel.

■-Since the primary aggregate joints firmly connect the components,
The cross-sectional shape of the fibers does not easily collapse, and the processability is extremely good.

Furthermore, due to the special shape of the fibers of the present invention, polymers that have hitherto been thought to be difficult to use due to practical problems can be used in combination with other polymers. Therefore, by selecting a polymer according to the purpose and application, it is possible to increase strength, water absorption, water retention, flexibility,
It is possible to impart flame retardancy, bulkiness, high specific gravity, electrostatic properties, etc., and a wide range of performance can be selected.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are cross-sectional model diagrams showing an example of the multilobal fiber of the present invention. a, b Ni-order aggregate 1.2: Portion where the right-angled sides of the film-like component 3-order aggregate are joined back to back.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A film-like component made of component A and a film-like component made of component B are alternately stacked to form a primary aggregate, and a plurality of the primary aggregates are joined at their right-angled sides. A multi-lobed fiber characterized by forming a secondary aggregate.