JP7663440B2 - Rotating machine with brake - Google Patents

Description

An embodiment of the present invention relates to a brake-equipped rotating machine that has a brake unit on the non-load side of the rotating machine body.

For example, a rotating machine used in an elevator hoist has a brake-equipped rotating machine equipped with a disk-type brake unit on the anti-load side of the rotating machine body (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The brake unit includes a brake disk that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft of the motor, and an armature equipped with an electromagnet, a spring, etc. Also, a braking surface against which the brake disk is pressed is provided on the outer surface of the motor bracket on the anti-load side of the rotating machine body. Thus, when the brake unit is operated, the armature presses the brake disk against the braking surface of the motor bracket, thereby obtaining a braking force and stopping the rotating shaft.

JP 2019-47593 A

During use, the heat generated by the rotating machine body causes the rotating machine frame and therefore the motor bracket to reach a relatively high temperature. When the brake unit is operated, the friction material of the brake disc is pressed against the high-temperature braking surface. This causes the friction material of the brake disc to deteriorate, reducing the friction coefficient and resulting in a decrease in brake torque. To solve this problem, attempts have been made to change the friction material of the brake disc to a material with higher heat resistance, but the friction coefficient of highly heat-resistant resin materials, etc., decreases in inverse proportion to the heat resistance. To compensate for this, it becomes necessary to increase the braking area of the friction material, which leads to an increase in the size of the brake unit.

Therefore, we provide a rotating machine with a brake that is capable of preventing the brake unit from becoming too large while suppressing deterioration of the brake disc due to heat from the rotating machine body.

The rotating machine with brake of this embodiment is equipped with a brake unit on the non-load side of the rotating machine body, which is configured to press a brake disc attached to the rotating shaft against a braking surface provided on the motor bracket, and a cooling fan is provided between the bracket and the brake disc to blow cooling air to the bracket and the brake disc.

FIG. 1 is an enlarged vertical sectional side view of a rear portion of a brake-equipped rotating machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view showing a schematic overall configuration of a rotating machine with a brake. FIG. 13 is an enlarged vertical sectional side view of a rear portion of a brake-equipped rotating machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is an enlarged vertical sectional side view of the rear part of a brake-equipped rotating machine according to a third embodiment. FIG. 13 is an enlarged vertical sectional side view of a rear part of a brake-equipped rotating machine according to a fourth embodiment.

Below, several embodiments of a permanent magnet synchronous motor with a disk brake that is used, for example, as a drive source for an elevator hoist will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the configuration of the rotating machine body and other components is common between the several embodiments, so the same parts are given the same reference numerals and detailed explanations and new illustrations will be omitted.

(1) First embodiment A first embodiment will be described below with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. Fig. 2 shows a schematic configuration of a brake-equipped rotating machine 1 according to this embodiment, with the right side being the front side, i.e., the load side, and the left side being the rear side, i.e., the anti-load side. Here, the brake-equipped rotating machine 1 is provided with a disk-type brake unit 3 on the anti-load side, i.e., the left side in the figure, of a rotating machine main body 2 made of a permanent magnet synchronous motor.

First, the rotating machine body 2 will be briefly described. As shown in FIG. 2, the rotating machine body 2 has motor brackets 5, 6 made of metal such as iron at the front and rear ends of a frame 4 that is substantially rectangular in shape, and a rotating shaft 7 is rotatably supported by the brackets 5, 6 via bearings 8, 8. The motor bracket 6 has a rectangular outer shape, and a braking surface (described later) is provided on the outer surface of the rear end. A stator 9 is provided on the inner periphery of the frame 4, and a rotor 10 is provided on the rotating shaft 7, located inside the stator 9. Although not shown, a hoist is connected to the front end, i.e., the load side end, of the rotating shaft 7, and the brake-equipped rotating machine 1 is configured to be the driving source of the hoist.

As shown in FIG. 1, the brake unit 3 includes a disk-shaped brake disc 11 and a braking mechanism 12. The brake disc 11 is attached so that its center is spline-engaged with the rear end of the rotating shaft 7, allowing it to move within a predetermined range in the axial direction and rotate integrally in the rotational direction. In addition, highly wear-resistant friction linings 13 made of, for example, synthetic resin are provided in an annular shape on both sides of the brake disc 11 near the outer periphery.

As is well known, the braking mechanism 12 is configured to include an electromagnet (not shown), an armature 14, a coil spring (not shown), and the like, housed in a rectangular box-shaped case 12a with an open front side. The electromagnet is fixedly provided within the case 12a, located behind the brake disc 11, and the armature 14 is located on the front side of the electromagnet and on the rear side of the brake disc 11, and is provided so as to be movable in the front-rear direction, i.e., the axial direction. The coil spring is located between the electromagnet and the armature 14, and is provided so as to bias the armature 14 forward, i.e., in the direction pressing it against the brake disc 11. This braking mechanism 10 is fixedly provided to the motor bracket 6.

When the electromagnet is energized, the braking mechanism 13 attracts the armature 14 backward against the spring force of the coil spring, allowing the brake disc 11 and the rotating shaft 7 to rotate. When the electromagnet is de-energized, the spring force of the coil spring moves the armature 14 forward, pressing the brake disc 11 forward and against the braking surface at the rear of the motor bracket 6. At this time, a ring-shaped friction lining 15 made of, for example, synthetic resin is provided on the braking surface at the rear of the motor bracket 6, i.e., the part where the friction lining 13 comes into contact. This applies the brakes so that the brake disc 11 and the rotating shaft 7 cannot rotate.

As shown in FIG. 1, the braked rotating machine 1 of this embodiment is provided with a cooling fan 16 located between the motor bracket 6 and the brake disc 11 to blow cooling air to the bracket 6 and the brake disc 11. The cooling fan 16 is configured with multiple blower blades and is attached to the rotating shaft 7 so as to rotate integrally therewith.

Next, the action and effect of the above configuration will be described. In the brake-equipped rotating machine 1 configured as above, the frame 4 and therefore the motor bracket 6 become relatively hot due to heat generated by the rotating machine main body 2. Here, when the brake-equipped rotating machine 1 is stopped, the brake unit 3 is operated and the friction lining 13 of the brake disc 11 is pressed against the friction lining 15 on the braking surface of the motor bracket 6, thereby obtaining a braking force and stopping the rotating shaft 7. At this time, if the braking surface of the motor bracket 6 is hot, the friction lining 13 of the brake disc 11 pressed against the braking surface will become hot, which will eventually deteriorate the friction lining 13, resulting in a decrease in the friction coefficient and a decrease in the brake torque.

However, in this embodiment, by providing the cooling fan 16, cooling air is blown to the motor bracket 6 and the brake disc 11, i.e., the friction parts, and the friction parts are cooled. Therefore, even if the heat of the rotating machine main body 2 is transferred to the braking surface of the motor bracket 6, the friction lining 15 part of the braking surface of the motor bracket 6 and the friction lining 13 of the brake disc 11 are cooled. This prevents the friction parts of the brake unit 3 from becoming too hot, reduces the thermal effect on the brake disc 11, and suppresses deterioration of the friction material of the friction lining 13 of the brake disc 11 due to heat.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the deterioration of the friction lining 13 of the brake disc 11 can be prevented, and the brake torque of the brake unit 3 can be secured for a long period of time. In this case, there is no need to increase the braking area of the brake disc 11, and the brake unit 3 can be prevented from being unnecessarily enlarged. As a result, in a device equipped with the brake unit 3, it is possible to obtain the excellent effect of suppressing the deterioration of the brake disc 11 due to the heat of the rotating machine main body 2 while preventing the brake unit 3 from being enlarged.

(2) Second embodiment Fig. 3 shows the main configuration of a brake-equipped rotating machine 21 according to a second embodiment. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the configuration of the motor bracket 22 on the rear end side, which is the anti-load side. That is, the rear surface of the motor bracket 22 is provided with a friction lining 15 on the braking surface against which the brake disc 11 is pressed, and a thin-walled portion 23 for suppressing heat conduction is formed in a portion connected to the braking surface slightly forward from the rear surface. This thin-walled portion 23 is provided in the form of a groove of a constant width formed around the entire outer periphery of the motor bracket 6.

In this embodiment, the rear end of the rotating shaft 7 is provided with a brake unit 3 including a brake disc 11 with a ring-shaped friction lining 13. Furthermore, in this embodiment, a cooling fan 16 is also provided between the motor bracket 22 and the brake disc 11 to blow cooling air. However, this cooling fan 16 can be omitted.

In the second embodiment of the rotating machine with brake 21, the motor bracket 22 is provided with a thin-walled portion 23 for suppressing heat conduction, so that the heat generated in the rotating machine body 2 can be prevented from being transmitted to the braking surface. Therefore, the temperature rise of the braking surface of the motor bracket 22 is suppressed, and the temperature can be kept relatively low. This prevents the friction part of the brake disc 11 from becoming too hot, and reduces the thermal effect on the friction lining 13. As a result, deterioration of the friction lining 13 of the brake disc 11 due to heat can be prevented.

Therefore, even with this second embodiment, it is possible to prevent the brake unit 3 from becoming too large, while suppressing deterioration of the brake disc 11 due to heat from the rotating machine body 2. In particular, in this embodiment, a cooling fan 16 is provided between the motor bracket 22 and the brake disc 11, so that, as in the first embodiment, cooling air can be blown to the motor bracket 22 and brake disc 11 portion, i.e., the friction portion, and the friction portion can be cooled, which is more effective.

(3) Third embodiment Fig. 4 shows the configuration of a brake-equipped rotating machine 31 according to a third embodiment. The third embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that the brake unit 3 includes a brake disc 32 instead of the brake disc 11. The brake disc 32 includes cooling fins 33 for dissipating heat on its outer periphery, and a large number of cooling fins 33 are provided integrally, for example, at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

Furthermore, on both sides of the brake disc 32, friction linings 13 are provided in an annular shape, also located near the outer periphery. Also, in this embodiment, the motor bracket 22 is provided with a thin-walled portion 23 for suppressing heat conduction. Furthermore, in this embodiment, a cooling fan 16 for blowing cooling air is also provided, located between the motor bracket 22 and the brake disc 32. However, it is possible to omit either or both of the thin-walled portion 23 and the cooling fan 16.

In the brake-equipped rotating machine 31 of the third embodiment, the outer periphery of the brake disc 32 is provided with cooling fins 33 for heat dissipation, which can promote heat dissipation from the brake disc 32. At the same time, as the brake disc 32 rotates, an air flow is formed by the cooling fins 33, which can be expected to have a cooling effect. Therefore, even if the braking surface of the motor bracket 22 becomes hot, the heat dissipation from the brake disc 32 can prevent the friction lining 13 from becoming too hot, and the thermal effects can be reduced. As a result, deterioration of the friction lining 13 of the brake disc 32 due to heat can be prevented.

Therefore, even with this third embodiment, the brake unit 3 is provided, and deterioration of the brake disc 32 due to heat from the rotating machine body 2 can be suppressed while preventing the brake unit 3 from becoming large. In particular, in this embodiment, the motor bracket 22 is provided with a thin portion 23 for suppressing heat conduction, so that the heat generated in the rotating machine body 2 can be suppressed from being transmitted to the braking surface, and the temperature rise of the braking surface of the motor bracket 22 can be suppressed. Furthermore, in this embodiment, a cooling fan 16 is provided between the motor bracket 22 and the brake disc 32, so that, as in the first embodiment, cooling air can be blown to the motor bracket 22 and the brake disc 32 portion, i.e., the friction portion, and the friction portion can be cooled, which is even more effective.

(4) Fourth embodiment and other embodiments Fig. 5 shows the configuration of a brake-equipped rotating machine 41 according to a fourth embodiment. This fourth embodiment differs from the third embodiment in that, instead of providing the cooling fan 16 between the motor bracket 22 and the brake disc 42, a cooling fan 43 is provided integrally with the brake disc 42. This cooling fan 43 is configured by providing a plurality of vanes 43a on the outer surface of the front surface of the brake disc 42 facing the motor bracket 22, which is located on the inner circumferential side of the friction lining 13.

In this fourth embodiment, as in the second and third embodiments, the motor bracket 22 is provided with a thin portion 23 for suppressing heat conduction. Also, in this embodiment, as in the third embodiment, the brake disc 42 is provided with a cooling fin 33 for dissipating heat on its outer periphery. However, it is possible to omit either or both of the thin portion 23 and the cooling fin 33.

In the braked rotating machine 41 of this fourth embodiment, a cooling fan 43 is provided between the motor bracket 22 and the brake disc 42, so that cooling air can be blown to the motor bracket 22 and the brake disc 42, i.e., the friction part, to cool them. This prevents the friction part of the brake unit 3 from becoming too hot, reduces the thermal effect on the brake disc 42, and suppresses deterioration of the friction material of the friction lining 13 of the brake disc 42 due to heat.

Thus, according to the fourth embodiment, in a device equipped with a brake unit 3, it is possible to prevent the brake unit 3 from becoming large, while suppressing deterioration of the brake disc 42 due to heat from the rotating machine main body 2. Furthermore, by providing the cooling fan 43 integrally with the brake disc 42, it is possible to reduce the number of parts and simplify the configuration, and it is possible to prevent the size from increasing in the direction of the rotation axis due to the provision of the cooling fan. In particular, in this embodiment, the motor bracket 22 is provided with a thin portion 23 for suppressing heat conduction, so that the temperature rise of the braking surface of the motor bracket 22 can be suppressed. Furthermore, by providing the cooling fins 33 on the outer periphery of the brake disc 42, it is possible to promote heat dissipation from the brake disc 42, and it is possible to suppress the friction lining 13 from becoming too hot, which is even more effective.

In the above embodiments, the invention is applied to a motor for an elevator hoist, but it can be applied to brake-equipped rotating machines for various purposes. The shape and structure of the rotating machine body can of course be modified in various ways. The brake section may also be configured with two armatures. In addition, the shape and structure of the motor bracket when a thin-walled section is provided can also be modified as appropriate. Various modifications are also possible to the materials of each part, such as making the friction lining from a rubber-based material.

Although several embodiments have been described above, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the scope of the invention and its equivalents described in the claims.

In the drawings, 1, 21, 31, and 41 indicate a rotating machine with a brake, 2 indicates the rotating machine body, 3 indicates the brake section, 6 and 22 indicate the motor bracket, 7 indicates the rotating shaft, 11, 32, and 42 indicate the brake disc, 12 indicates the braking mechanism section, 13 indicates the friction lining, 14 indicates the armature, 15 indicates the friction lining, 23 indicates the thin section, 33 indicates the cooling fin, and 43 indicates the cooling fan.

Claims (4)

A rotating machine with a brake is provided on a counter-load side of a rotating machine body, the brake unit being configured to press a brake disk attached to a rotating shaft against a braking surface provided on a bracket,
A rotating machine with a brake , wherein the bracket has a thin-walled portion formed at a portion connected to the braking surface for suppressing heat conduction. A cooling fan is provided between the bracket and the brake disc to blow cooling air to the bracket and the brake disc.
2. The brake-equipped rotating machine according to claim 1 . 3. The rotating machine with brake according to claim 2 , wherein the cooling fan is provided integrally with the brake disc. The brake disc is provided on its outer periphery with cooling fins for heat dissipation .
2. The brake-equipped rotating machine according to claim 1 .

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