JP7646783B2 - Measuring equipment and disaster prevention systems - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to technology for detecting fires in tunnels.

Fires can break out inside tunnels due to accidents involving vehicles traveling through them. Compared to outside the tunnel, the space inside a tunnel is not open, so if a fire breaks out, the inside of the tunnel tends to become filled with smoke quickly, reducing visibility and leading to further accidents, which can cause the damage caused by the fire to spread. For this reason, many tunnels have been equipped with disaster prevention systems to quickly detect fires.

One example of a patent document disclosing technology for detecting fires in tunnels is Patent Document 1. Patent Document 1 describes a fire detection device that includes a temperature sensor that detects temperature using optical fiber laid along the length of the inner wall of the tunnel, cameras that are installed at predetermined intervals in the tunnel in the direction of vehicle travel and capture images of the inside of the tunnel, and a processing device that detects fires in the tunnel based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor and the images captured by the cameras.

JP 2004-152134 A

In tunnels, multiple fire detectors are often installed at intervals along the direction of vehicle travel. Each of these fire detectors is assigned to monitor one of the multiple sections into which the tunnel is divided. Therefore, if a fire breaks out inside the tunnel, it is possible to know which section of the tunnel the fire is occurring in.

Many of the fire detectors installed in tunnels are sensors that respond to light in the wavelength range emitted by flames, and detect flames based on the measurement results of these sensors. Therefore, for example, if a flame breaks out inside a train and the flame is blocked from the fire detector by the train body or other objects, the fire detector will not be able to detect the fire early.

As a device for detecting fire, in addition to the above-mentioned flame detection type devices, there are also smoke detection type devices. In this application, the flame detection type devices are called flame detectors, and the smoke detection type devices are called smoke detectors, to distinguish between them.

By using a flame detector and a smoke detector together, if a flame occurs in a blind spot from the flame detector and the flame detector cannot detect the flame, the smoke detector will be able to detect the smoke that accompanies the flame, making it possible to detect a fire early.

However, installing multiple flame and smoke detectors inside a tunnel requires a great deal of effort. In addition, the work required to maintain those flame and smoke detectors after installation also places a heavy burden on the organization. Therefore, there is a need to reduce the work required to install and maintain such devices.

In view of these circumstances, the present invention aims to realize a system that is capable of detecting both flame and smoke, and requires less effort in installing and maintaining the devices compared to installing a flame detector and a smoke detector separately.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a measuring device that is one of a number of measuring devices installed at intervals along the vehicle travel direction on the wall of a tunnel, the measuring device having an emitter that emits light for smoke detection and a light receiver that receives light for smoke detection from an adjacent measuring device of the same type as the measuring device itself.

According to the measuring device of the present invention , a single device can obtain information for detecting both flame and smoke, thereby reducing the labor required for installation and maintenance compared to using devices that detect flame and smoke separately.

The present invention realizes a system that can detect both flame and smoke, and requires less effort to install and maintain the devices compared to installing separate flame and smoke detectors.

1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a disaster prevention system according to an embodiment. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an external appearance of a measurement device according to an embodiment. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a measurement device according to an embodiment is installed in a tunnel. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of a measurement device according to an embodiment. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration (functional configuration) of a flame detection device according to one embodiment. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration (functional configuration) of a light emission control device according to an embodiment. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration (functional configuration) of a smoke detection device according to an embodiment; FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of a disaster prevention receiving panel according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration of a disaster prevention receiving panel according to one embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a setting screen according to an embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a fire alarm screen according to an embodiment. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the appearance of a measurement device according to a modified example. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the appearance of a measurement device according to a modified example.

[Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a disaster prevention system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of the disaster prevention system 1. The disaster prevention system 1 is a system for detecting a fire occurring in a tunnel TN.

The disaster prevention system 1 comprises n measuring devices, i.e., measuring devices 10(1), 10(2), 10(3), ..., 10(n), installed at approximately equal intervals inside the tunnel TN along the direction of vehicle travel, a disaster prevention receiving panel 12 communicatively connected to these measuring devices, a server device 13 communicatively connected to the disaster prevention receiving panel 12, a terminal device 14 capable of communicating with the disaster prevention receiving panel 12, and a terminal device 15 capable of communicating with the server device 13. The terminal device 14 is a terminal device used by workers in charge of installing and maintaining the disaster prevention system 1. The terminal device 15 is a terminal device used by an administrator who uses the disaster prevention system 1 to manage the tunnel TN.

Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between the measuring devices 10(1), 10(2), 10(3), ..., 10(n), they will be collectively referred to as measuring device 10.

Figure 2 shows the appearance of the measuring device 10 as seen from the front. The measuring device 10 includes a main body 101, a light-emitting unit 102, a light-receiving unit 103, a camera platform 104 that connects the main body 101 and the light-emitting unit 102, and a camera platform 105 that connects the main body 101 and the light-receiving unit 103.

The main body 101 includes a housing, a computer housed within the housing, and a group of sensors for detecting flames. The housing of the main body 101 is provided with a window W that transmits light, and the group of sensors within the housing respond to light that passes through the window W from the outside world and enters the housing.

The light-emitting unit 102 emits light for smoke detection generally in the positive direction of the X-axis in FIG. 2.

The light receiving unit 103 receives smoke detection light emitted generally in the positive direction of the X-axis from a device of the same type located on the negative side of the X-axis from the measuring device 10 in FIG. 2, and outputs a signal according to the intensity of the received light.

The pan head 104 is a two-axis pan head for adjusting the axis of the light emitted by the light emitting unit 102. The pan head 104 can adjust the angle of the light emitting unit 102 around the Y axis and the angle around the Z axis.

The pan head 105 is a two-axis pan head for adjusting the axis of light received by the light receiving unit 103. The pan head 105 can adjust the angle of the light receiving unit 103 around the Y axis and the angle of the light receiving unit 103 around the Z axis.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the state in which the measuring devices 10 are installed in the tunnel TN. The measuring devices 10 are installed, for example, at a predetermined height on the inner wall surface of the tunnel TN, approximately spaced apart from each other. In Figure 3, the light-emitting unit 102 of the measuring device 10(i) (where i is a natural number such that 1≦i≦n-1) irradiates smoke detection light toward the light-receiving unit 103 of the same type of device adjacent to the left side of the measuring device itself, i.e., the measuring device 10(i+1). The light-receiving unit 103 of the measuring device 10(i+1) receives the smoke detection light irradiated from the light-emitting unit 102 of the same type of device adjacent to the right side of the measuring device itself, i.e., the measuring device 10(i).

When smoke occurs near measuring device 10(i) and measuring device 10(i+1) and reaches the space between measuring device 10(i) and measuring device 10(i+1), part of the smoke detection light emitted from measuring device 10(i) is blocked by the smoke, and the intensity of the light received by measuring device 10(i+1) decreases. The computer of measuring device 10(i+1) determines the presence or absence of smoke in the space between measuring device 10(i) and measuring device 10(i+1) based on the intensity of the light received by light receiving unit 103.

Figure 4 is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of the hardware configuration of the measuring device 10. The measuring device 10 first includes a computer 107 that performs various controls of the measuring device 10. The computer 107 includes a processor 1071 that performs data processing according to a program, a memory 1072 that stores various data including the program, an input/output interface 1073 that transmits signals between the four flame detection sensors and the like that are provided in the measuring device 10, and a communication interface 1074 that performs data communication with the disaster prevention receiving panel 12.

In addition to the computer 107, the measuring device 10 includes sensors 108R, 109R, 108L, and 109L for detecting flames that are connected to the computer 107, a light-emitting unit 102, and a light-receiving unit 103.

In addition to the components shown in FIG. 4, the measuring device 10 also includes components such as a power supply unit that supplies power to components that consume power in the measuring device 10, and an A/D converter that converts analog signals output by the four sensors and the light receiving unit 103 into digital signals. However, since these are unrelated to the characteristics of the present invention, they are omitted from FIG. 4 and will not be described in the following explanation.

Sensors 108R and 108L are long-wavelength optical sensors that respond with high sensitivity to the long-wavelength band emitted by a flame (heat source). For example, optical sensors using pyroelectric elements are used as sensors 108R and 108L. Hereinafter, sensors 108R and 108L are collectively referred to as sensors 108.

Sensors 109R and 109L are short wavelength optical sensors that respond with high sensitivity to the short wavelength band emitted by a flame (heat source). For example, optical sensors using photodiodes are used as sensors 109R and 109L. Hereinafter, sensors 109R and 109L are collectively referred to as sensor 109.

Sensors 108R and 109R are sensors for detecting flames occurring in the monitoring area on the right side as viewed from the measuring device 10. Sensors 108L and 109L are sensors for detecting flames occurring in the monitoring area on the left side as viewed from the measuring device 10.

1, the tunnel TN is divided into a number of monitoring areas, i.e., monitoring areas A(1), A(2), ..., A(n-1), with the boundaries being the positions where the measuring devices 10 are installed. Hereinafter, these monitoring areas will be collectively referred to as monitoring area A.

The computer of measuring device 10(i+1) (where i is a natural number such that 1≦i≦n-1) determines the presence or absence of a flame in monitoring area A(i) based on the light intensity measured by sensors 108R and 109R of measuring device 10(i+1). The computer of measuring device 10(i+1) also determines the presence or absence of a flame in monitoring area A(i+1) based on the light intensity measured by sensors 108L and 109L of measuring device 10(i+1).

Therefore, for example, a flame in monitoring area A(i) is redundantly monitored by sensors 108L and 109L of measuring device 10(i) and sensors 108R and 109R of measuring device 10(i+1).

The computer 107 functions as two flame detection devices, one light emission control device, and one smoke detection device by having the processor 1071 perform various data processing according to the programs stored in the memory 1072. The configurations of these devices are described below.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the flame detection device 111 realized by the computer 107. The computer 107 functions as a flame detection device that detects a flame in the monitoring area A on the right side of the measuring device 10 based on the light intensity indicated by the signals output from the sensors 108R and 109R, and a flame detection device that detects a flame in the monitoring area A on the left side of the measuring device 10 based on the light intensity indicated by the signals output from the sensors 108L and 109L, and the configurations of both of these flame detection devices are as shown in Figure 5.

The flame detection device 111 includes a memory unit 1111, an acquisition unit 1112, a timing unit 1113, a flame determination unit 1114, and a transmission unit 1115.

The storage unit 1111 is realized by the memory 1072 that operates under the control of the processor 1071. The storage unit 1111 stores various data.

The acquisition unit 1112 is realized by the input/output interface 1073 that operates under the control of the processor 1071. The acquisition unit 1112 continuously acquires the signal output from the sensor 108 and the signal output from the sensor 109. The amplitude values of these signals acquired by the acquisition unit 1112 are stored in the memory unit 1111 together with the time at that point in time.

The timekeeping unit 1113 is realized by the processor 1071. The timekeeping unit 1113 continuously measures the elapsed time from a reference time, identifies the current time, and generates a time signal indicating the identified current time.

The flame determination unit 1114 is realized by the processor 1071. When the flame determination unit 1114 determines that the amplitude value of the signal output from the sensor 108 and the amplitude value of the signal output from the sensor 109, which are stored in the memory unit 1111, satisfy a predetermined condition, the flame determination unit 1114 stores flame detection data indicating that a flame has been detected in the memory unit 1111. When the flame determination unit 1114 determines that the condition is not satisfied, the flame determination unit 1114 stores flame non-detection data indicating that a flame has not been detected in the memory unit 1111 instead of the flame detection data.

Examples of conditions used by the flame determination unit 1114 to determine flame detection are shown below.
(Condition 1) The amplitude value of the signal output from the sensor 108 is equal to or greater than a threshold value T1.
(Condition 2) The amplitude value of the signal output from the sensor 109 is equal to or greater than a threshold value T2.
(Condition 3) The ratio of the amplitude value of the signal output from sensor 108 to the amplitude value of the signal output from sensor 109 is equal to or greater than a threshold value T3 and equal to or smaller than a threshold value T4 (where T3<T4).

The flame determination unit 1114 determines that a flame has occurred if all of the above conditions 1 to 3 have been met a predetermined number of times or more within a predetermined period of time in the past (e.g., 10 seconds).

The transmission unit 1115 is realized by the communication interface 1074 that operates under the control of the processor 1071. The transmission unit 1115 continuously outputs a fire detection signal to the disaster prevention receiving panel 12 while the fire detection data is stored in the memory unit 1111.

Figure 6 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the light emission control device 112 realized by the computer 107. The light emission control device 112 includes a receiving unit 1121, a timer unit 1122, and a light emission control unit 1123.

The receiving unit 1121 is realized by the communication interface 1074 that operates under the control of the processor 1071. The receiving unit 1121 receives light emission timing data indicating the timing of light emission from the disaster prevention receiving panel 12, and reference time data for calibrating the reference time used by the timing unit 1122 to measure the current time.

In this embodiment, the light emitting unit 102 of each measuring device 10 emits light for a predetermined time from the first light emitting timing individually instructed by the disaster prevention receiving panel 12, then stops emitting light, and after the predetermined time has elapsed, emits light again for a predetermined time, then stops emitting light, repeating this operation. The interval between light emissions is managed based on the time measured by the timer unit 1122. Therefore, the light emission timing data received by the receiver unit 1121 from the disaster prevention receiving panel 12 is data that indicates the timing at which the light emitting unit 102 should first emit light.

The clock unit 1122 is realized by the processor 1071. The clock unit 1122 continuously measures the elapsed time from a reference time, identifies the current time, and generates a time signal indicating the identified current time. The reference time used by the clock unit 1122 is calibrated based on the reference time data received by the receiving unit 1121 from the disaster prevention receiving panel 12. As a result, the time measured by the clock unit 1122 is synchronized with the time measured by the clock unit provided in the measuring device 10.

The light emission control unit 1123 is realized by the processor 1071. The light emission control unit 1123 determines the timing to start and end light emission from the light emission unit 102 based on the timing indicated by the light emission timing data received by the receiving unit 1121 and the current time measured by the timing unit 1122, and instructs the light emission unit 102 to start and end light emission at the determined timing.

Figure 7 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a smoke detection device 113 realized by a computer 107. The smoke detection device 113 includes a memory unit 1131, a receiving unit 1132, a timing unit 1133, an acquisition unit 1134, a smoke determination unit 1135, and a transmitting unit 1136.

The storage unit 1131 is realized by the memory 1072 that operates under the control of the processor 1071. The storage unit 1131 stores various data.

The receiving unit 1132 is realized by the communication interface 1074 that operates under the control of the processor 1071. The receiving unit 1132 receives light reception timing data indicating the timing of light reception from the disaster prevention receiving panel 12, and reference time data for calibrating the reference time used by the timing unit 1133 to measure the current time.

The light reception timing data that the receiver 1132 receives from the disaster prevention receiving panel 12 is the same as the light emission timing data that the disaster prevention receiving panel 12 transmits to the light emission control device 112 of the adjacent measuring device 10 that emits light to the light receiving unit 103.

The clock unit 1133 is realized by the processor 1071. The clock unit 1133 continuously measures the elapsed time from a reference time, identifies the current time, and generates a time signal indicating the identified current time. The reference time used by the clock unit 1133 is calibrated based on the reference time data received by the receiving unit 1132 from the disaster prevention receiving panel 12. As a result, the time measured by the clock unit 1133 is synchronized with the time measured by the clock unit provided in the measuring device 10.

The acquisition unit 1134 is realized by the input/output interface 1073 that operates under the control of the processor 1071. The acquisition unit 1134 continuously acquires signals output from the light receiving unit 103. The amplitude values of those signals acquired by the acquisition unit 1134 are stored in the memory unit 1131 together with the time at that point in time.

The smoke determination unit 1135 is realized by the processor 1071. When the smoke determination unit 1135 determines that the amplitude value of the signal output from the light receiving unit 103 stored in the memory unit 1131 satisfies a predetermined condition, it stores smoke detection data indicating that smoke has been detected in the memory unit 1131. When the smoke determination unit 1135 determines that the condition is not satisfied, it stores smoke non-detection data indicating that smoke has not been detected in the memory unit 1131 instead of the smoke detection data.

Examples of conditions used by the smoke determination unit 1135 to determine whether smoke has been detected are shown below.
(Condition 1) A light attenuation rate, which is a ratio of a value obtained by subtracting the amplitude value of the signal output from the light receiving unit 103 from a reference value, is equal to or greater than a threshold value U1.
(Condition 2) The rate of change over time of the light attenuation rate (the rate of change of the light attenuation rate during a unit time period) is equal to or greater than a threshold value U2 and equal to or less than a threshold value U3 (where U2<U3).

The reference value used in condition 1 above is the amplitude value of the signal output from the light receiving unit 103 when no smoke is being generated.

When smoke is not detected, the smoke determination unit 1135 determines that smoke is occurring if both conditions 1 and 2 above are satisfied, and when a flame is detected, it determines that smoke is continuing to occur as long as condition 1 above is satisfied.

Condition 2 is a condition to prevent false detection of smoke when the intensity of light received by the light receiving unit 103 decreases rapidly due to an obstacle, or when the intensity of light received by the light receiving unit 103 decreases gradually over a long period of time due to dirt adhering to the measuring device 10.

The above is a description of the measuring device 10. Below, we will explain the devices other than the measuring device 10 that make up the disaster prevention system 1 (Figure 1).

The disaster prevention receiving panel 12 is installed inside the tunnel TN, and when it receives a flame detection signal or smoke detection signal from the measuring device 10, it warns people in the vicinity by displaying or sounding a warning, and sends a notification to the server device 13 that a flame, smoke, or fire has been detected.

Figure 8 is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of the hardware configuration of the disaster prevention receiving panel 12. The disaster prevention receiving panel 12 includes a computer 201, and a display 121 and an operation unit 122 connected to the computer 201.

The computer 201 includes a processor 2011 that processes data according to a program, a memory 2012 that stores various data including the program, an input/output interface 2013 that inputs and outputs signals between the display 121 and the operation unit 122, and a communication interface 2014 that communicates data between the n measuring devices 10, the server device 13, and the terminal device 14.

Figure 9 is a diagram showing a schematic diagram of the functional configuration of the disaster prevention receiving panel 12. That is, the processor 2011 of the computer 201 executes processing according to a program, thereby realizing a fire detection device indicated by reference numeral 123 in Figure 9. The functional configuration of the fire detection device 123 will be described below.

The fire detection device 123 includes a memory unit 1231, an acquisition unit 1232, a timing unit 1233, a fire determination unit 1234, a transmission unit 1235, a display control unit 1236, and an operation reception unit 1237.

The storage unit 1231 is realized by the memory 2012 that operates under the control of the processor 2011, and stores various data.

The acquisition unit 1232 is realized by the communication interface 2014 that operates under the control of the processor 2011. The acquisition unit 1232 acquires the flame detection signal and the smoke detection signal from each of the n measuring devices 10.

The timekeeping unit 1233 is realized by the processor 2011. The timekeeping unit 1233 continuously measures the elapsed time from a reference time, identifies the current time, and generates a time signal indicating the identified current time.

The fire determination unit 1234 is realized by the processor 2011. The fire determination unit 1234 determines whether or not a fire exists based on the flame detection signal (determination result of the flame determination unit 1114) and the smoke detection signal (determination result of the smoke determination unit 1135) acquired by the acquisition unit 1232.

Examples of conditions used by the fire determination unit 1234 to determine whether a fire has been detected are shown below.
(Condition 1) The time during which the flame detection signal is continuously received is equal to or greater than a threshold value V1.
(Condition 2) The time during which the smoke detection signal is continuously received is equal to or greater than a threshold value V2.
(Condition 3) The time during which both the flame detection signal and the smoke detection signal are continuously received is equal to or greater than a threshold value V3 (where V3<V1 and V3<V2).

The fire determination unit 1234 determines that a fire has occurred if any one of the above conditions 1 to 3 is met.

Condition 3 is a condition for determining that a fire has occurred and issuing an alert, etc., more quickly than when both flame and smoke are detected, when only flame is detected, or when only smoke is detected.

The transmission unit 1235 is realized by the communication interface 2014 that operates under the control of the processor 2011. The transmission unit 1235 continuously transmits fire alarm data to the server device 13 while the fire determination unit 1234 determines that a fire has occurred. The fire alarm data includes identification information of the tunnel TN, identification information of the section (monitoring area A) in which the fire is occurring, and information indicating whether flames and smoke have been detected.

Furthermore, the transmission unit 1235 transmits data indicating the current time measured by the timing unit 1233 to the measuring device 10 as reference time data, for example periodically. The computer 107 of the measuring device 10 calibrates the reference time of the internal clock based on the reference time data transmitted from the disaster prevention receiving panel 12. As a result, the reference times of the timing unit 1122 of the light emission control device 112 and the timing unit 1133 of the smoke detection device 113, both realized by the computer 107, are calibrated.

In addition, when an operator sets a reference value for the light receiving intensity for the measuring device 10 (described later), the transmitting unit 1235 transmits light emission timing data and light receiving timing data to the two measuring devices 10 that are the subject of the setting.

The display control unit 1236 is realized by the processor 2011. The display control unit 1236 performs control for displaying various images on the display 121. For example, when the fire determination unit 1234 determines that a fire has occurred in any of the monitored areas A, the display control unit 1236 generates image data representing the words "Fire detected Area ##" and causes the display 121 to display the image represented by the image data. Here, "Area ##" is identification information of the monitored area A in which a fire was detected.

The operation reception unit 1237 is realized by the input/output interface 2013 that operates under the control of the processor 2011. The operation reception unit 1237 receives operations performed by a user, such as an operator, on the operation unit 122. Note that the operations performed by the user on the disaster prevention receiving panel 12 using the operation unit 122 include, for example, an operation to instruct the start of operation of a fire extinguishing device controlled by the disaster prevention receiving panel 12 when a fire is detected.

The above is a description of the disaster prevention receiving panel 12. Since the server device 13 (see FIG. 1) is a general server device, a description of its hardware configuration and functional configuration will be omitted.

Since terminal device 14 and terminal device 15 (see FIG. 1) are general terminal devices, a description of their hardware configuration and functional configuration will be omitted.

In order for the disaster prevention system 1 to correctly detect smoke, the optical axis of the light-emitting unit 102 and the optical axis of the light-receiving unit 103 of two adjacent measuring devices 10 must be roughly aligned. Therefore, when installing a new measuring device 10 in tunnel TN, workers adjust the directions of the light-emitting unit 102 and the light-receiving unit 103 using the pan head 104 and pan head 105. In addition, in conjunction with adjusting the directions of the light-emitting unit 102 and the light-receiving unit 103, the workers also set a reference value for the light-receiving level of the light-receiving unit 103.

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a screen (hereinafter referred to as the "setting screen") that is displayed by the terminal device 14 to assist an operator in adjusting the direction of the light-emitting unit 102 and the light-receiving unit 103 and setting the reference value for the light-receiving level of the light-receiving unit 103.

The worker inputs the identification information of the measuring device 10 having the light-emitting unit 102 with which the optical axis is to be aligned in the "Light-emitting device ID" field displayed on the setting screen. The worker also inputs the identification information of the measuring device 10 having the light-receiving unit 103 with which the optical axis is to be aligned in the "Light-receiving device ID" field. Note that this identification information may be input by the terminal device 14 reading a two-dimensional code printed on the housing of the measuring device 10, for example.

When the worker inputs identification information into the "Light-emitting device ID" field and the "Light-receiving device ID" field and clicks or touches the "OK" button, the identification information is transmitted from the terminal device 14 to the disaster prevention receiving panel 12. When the disaster prevention receiving panel 12 receives the identification information, it instructs the measuring device 10 identified by the light-emitting device ID to start emitting light, and instructs the measuring device 10 identified by the light-receiving device ID to start receiving light and to transmit an intensity signal indicating the intensity of the received light. In accordance with these instructions, the measuring device 10 on the light-emitting side starts emitting light by the light-emitting unit 102, and the measuring device 10 on the light-receiving side starts receiving light by the light-receiving unit 103. Thereafter, the measuring device 10 on the light-receiving side continuously transmits an intensity signal indicating the intensity of the light measured by the light-receiving unit 103 to the disaster prevention receiving panel 12.

The disaster prevention receiving panel 12 transmits the intensity signal transmitted from the light-receiving measuring device 10 to the terminal device 14. The terminal device 14 displays the intensity indicated by the intensity signal transmitted from the disaster prevention receiving panel 12 in the "Light Reception Level" field on the setting screen.

Next, the worker adjusts the direction of the light receiving unit 103 of the measuring device 10 on the light receiving side. The light receiving unit 103 is provided with a scope tube indicated by the symbol SR in FIG. 2. The axis of this tube is parallel to the optical axis of the light receiving unit 103. After attaching the objective lens and eye lens to the tube SR, the worker loosens the screws on the pan head 105 and adjusts the direction of the light receiving unit 103 so that the light emitting unit 102 of the adjacent measuring device 10 facing the scope is seen in the center, and then tightens the screws on the pan head 105 to fix the direction of the light receiving unit 103.

Next, the worker adjusts the direction of the light emitting unit 102 of the measuring device 10 on the light emitting side. The light emitting unit 102 is provided with a scope tube indicated by the symbol ST in FIG. 2. The axis of this tube is parallel to the optical axis of the light emitting unit 102. After attaching the objective lens and the eye lens to the tube ST, the worker loosens the screw of the tripod head 104 and adjusts the direction of the light emitting unit 102 so that the light receiving unit 103 of the adjacent measuring device 10 facing the scope is seen in the center. While adjusting the direction of the light emitting unit 102, the worker checks the direction in which the numerical value displayed in the "received light level" field of the setting screen is the highest. When the worker confirms that the numerical value displayed in the "received light level" field of the setting screen is the highest while the light receiving unit 103 of the adjacent measuring device 10 facing the scope is seen in the center, he tightens the screw of the tripod head 104 in that state to fix the direction of the light emitting unit 102.

Next, when the worker clicks or touches the "Settings" button on the setting screen, the disaster prevention receiving panel 12 instructs the measuring device 10 on the light receiving side to set the received light intensity displayed in the "Received Light Level" field at that time as the reference value. Following this instruction, the measuring device 10 on the light receiving side stores the reference value of the received light intensity in the memory 1072. This reference value is used by the smoke determination unit 1135 of the smoke detection device 113 to determine whether smoke has been detected.

Then, the disaster prevention receiving panel 12 transmits light emission timing data to the light emitting measuring device 10, and transmits light reception timing data to the light receiving measuring device 10. The disaster prevention receiving panel 12 determines the light emission timing and light reception timing of each measuring device 10 so that the timing at which the light emitting units 102 of two adjacent measuring devices 10 emit light is shifted, and transmits the light emission timing data and light reception timing data indicating the timing thus determined to the measuring devices 10.

When the light-emitting measuring device 10 receives the light-emitting timing data from the disaster prevention receiving panel 12, the light-emitting unit 102 starts emitting light at the timing indicated by the light-emitting timing data, and then stops and restarts the light emission at predetermined intervals.

When the light-receiving measuring device 10 receives the light-receiving timing data from the disaster prevention receiving panel 12, the light-receiving unit 103 then starts receiving light at the timing indicated by the light-receiving timing data, and then repeatedly stops and restarts light reception at predetermined intervals. The light-receiving measuring device 10 detects smoke based on the intensity of the light received by the light-receiving unit 103. In this way, the measuring device 10 starts operating during operation.

11 is a schematic diagram showing a screen (hereinafter referred to as a "fire alarm screen") displayed on the terminal device 15 when a fire is detected in the tunnel TN. When the server device 13 receives fire alarm data from the disaster prevention receiving panel 12, it uses the information indicated by the fire alarm data to generate data instructing the display of a fire alarm screen and transmits the data to the terminal device 15. The terminal device 15 displays the fire alarm screen in accordance with the data transmitted from the server device 13.

The fire alarm screen displays information such as in which section of tunnel TN a fire has been detected, and whether flames and smoke have been detected. By looking at the fire alarm screen, managers can take the necessary measures immediately.

According to the disaster prevention system 1 described above, the measuring device 10 is equipped with a sensor for detecting flames and a light-emitting unit and a light-receiving unit for detecting smoke, so that by installing and maintaining the measuring device 10 inside a tunnel, it is possible to detect both flames and smoke. Therefore, the effort required for installation and maintenance is reduced compared to the case where a measuring device for detecting flames and a measuring device for detecting smoke are separately installed and maintained.

[Modification]
The above-described embodiment is a specific example of the present invention, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention. Examples of such modifications are shown below. Note that two or more of the modifications shown below may be combined as appropriate.

(1) In the above-described embodiment, light emitted from the light-emitting unit 102 included in the measuring device 10 is received by the light-receiving unit 103 included in the measuring device 10 installed next to the measuring device 10. Alternatively, a configuration may be adopted in which the reflected light of the light emitted from the light-emitting unit 102 included in the measuring device 10 is received by the light-receiving unit 103 included in the same measuring device 10.

Figure 12 shows the appearance of the measurement device 20 according to this modified example, as seen from the front. The measurement device 20 differs from the measurement device 10 in that it has a light-emitting/receiving unit 211 equipped with a light-emitting unit and a light-receiving unit instead of the light-emitting unit 102, and in that it has a reflecting mirror 212 instead of the light-receiving unit 103.

The optical axes of the light emitting section and the light receiving section of the light emitting/receiving unit 211 are parallel, and if there is a reflector arranged perpendicular to the direction in which the light emitted by the light emitting section travels, the light receiving section receives the light reflected by the reflector from the light emitting section.

The worker adjusts the orientation of the light-emitting and light-receiving units 211 and the reflector 212 so that the optical axis of the light-emitting and light-receiving units 211 of two adjacent measuring devices 10 coincides with the normal to the reflecting surface of the reflector 212.

Even if the disaster prevention system 1 is equipped with the measuring device 20 instead of the measuring device 10, the disaster prevention system 1 can detect both flames and smoke in the tunnel.

(2) In the above-described embodiment, the light-emitting unit 102 and the light-receiving unit 103 of the measuring device 10 are directly attached to the main body 101, but the light-emitting unit 102 and the light-receiving unit 103 may be separable while connected to the main body 101 by a communication line and a power line. FIG. 13 shows the appearance of the measuring device 30 according to this modified example as seen from the front. Smoke generally rises immediately after generation because it is lighter than air. Therefore, it is desirable that the light-emitting unit 102 and the light-receiving unit 103 for detecting smoke are installed as high as possible in the tunnel. On the other hand, the main body 101 is equipped with four sensors for flame detection, a computer, a power supply unit, etc., and is therefore larger and heavier than the light-emitting unit 102 and the light-receiving unit 103. Therefore, it is desirable that the main body 101 be installed as low as possible in the tunnel in order to improve the efficiency of installation and maintenance work.

Since the light-emitting unit 102 and the light-receiving unit 103 of the measuring device 30 can be separated from the main body 101, the main body 101 can be installed at a low position and the light-emitting unit 102 and the light-receiving unit 103 at a high position, a balance can be achieved between the speed of smoke detection and the efficiency of installation and maintenance.

(3) In the above embodiment, the optical axis of the light-emitting unit 102 and the light-receiving unit 103 is adjusted manually using a scope, but the method of adjusting the optical axis is not limited to this. For example, the light-emitting unit 102 may have a laser pointer function that emits a laser parallel to the optical axis, and the direction of the light-emitting unit 102 may be adjusted by aiming the laser at the opposing light-receiving unit 103.

The light-emitting unit 102 and the light-receiving unit 103 may also be provided with an automatic adjustment mechanism that determines the position at which the intensity of the light received by the light-receiving unit 103 is greatest while changing their positions in various directions without manual intervention.

(4) In the above-described embodiment, the measuring device 10 makes a judgment for flame detection and a judgment for smoke detection, and the disaster prevention receiving panel 12 makes a judgment for fire detection based on the results of these judgments. These judgments may be made in either device. For example, at least one of the judgment for flame detection and the judgment for smoke detection may be made in the disaster prevention receiving panel 12 or the server device 13. In addition, the judgment for fire detection may be made in the measuring device 10 or the server device 13.

(5) In the above-described embodiment, the light-emitting unit 102 of each measuring device 10 emits light at different times so that the smoke detection light emitted by each of the adjacent or nearby measuring devices 10 does not mix. The method of preventing the smoke detection light from mixing is not limited to this. For example, the light-emitting unit 102 of each measuring device 10 may be configured to emit light of different wavelength bands, and the light-receiving unit 103 may be configured to be sensitive to the wavelength band of light to be received. Also, a configuration may be adopted in which the light-emitting unit 102 of each measuring device 10 emits light whose intensity changes in different patterns over time, and the light-receiving unit 103 measures the intensity of the light that matches the pattern to be received.

(6) The flame detector provided in the above-mentioned measuring device 10 is a dual-wavelength flame detector, but the number of wavelength bands may be three or more.

(7) The flame detector provided in the measuring device 10 described above monitors two areas (the right area and the left area) separately, but it may also be a monocular flame detector that monitors only one area.

(8) Once the smoke detector in the measuring device 10 described above receives the light emission timing data and light reception timing data from the disaster prevention receiving panel 12, it determines the timing of light emission and light reception on its own based on the time information kept by the timer in the device itself. Alternatively, a configuration may be adopted in which the disaster prevention receiving panel 12 instructs the measuring device 10 to start and end light emission and light reception for each light emission.

(9) The conditions for flame detection, smoke detection, and fire detection used in the above description of disaster prevention system 1 are merely examples and may be modified in various ways.

1... Disaster prevention system, 10... Measuring device, 12... Disaster prevention receiving panel, 13... Server device, 14... Terminal device, 15... Terminal device, 20... Measuring device, 30... Measuring device, 101... Main body, 102... Light emitting unit, 103... Light receiving unit, 104... Cloud head, 105... Cloud head, 107... Computer, 108... Sensor, 109... Sensor, 111... Flame detection device, 112... Light emission control device, 113... Smoke detection device, 121... Display, 122... Operation unit, 123... Fire detection device, 201... Computer, 211... Light emitting and receiving unit, 212... Reflector, 1071... Processor, 1072... Memory, 1073... Input/output interface, 1074... Communication interface, 1
111...memory unit, 1112...acquisition unit, 1113...timekeeping unit, 1114...flame determination unit, 1115...transmission unit, 1121...receiving unit, 1122...timekeeping unit, 1123...light emission control unit, 1131...memory unit, 1132...receiving unit, 1133...timekeeping unit, 1134...acquisition unit, 1135...smoke determination unit, 1136...transmission unit, 1231...memory unit, 1232...acquisition unit, 1233...timekeeping unit, 1234...fire determination unit, 1235...transmission unit, 1236...display control unit, 1237...operation reception unit, 2011...processor, 2012...memory, 2013...input/output interface, 2014...communication interface.

Claims (10)

A measuring device constituting a plurality of measuring devices installed at intervals along the direction of travel of a vehicle on a wall surface of a tunnel ,
A sensor for detecting a flame;
A light emitting unit that emits light for smoke detection;
A measuring device comprising: a light receiving unit that receives light for smoke detection from an adjacent measuring device of the same type as the measuring device itself. The light emitting unit emits light for smoke detection in a first direction along a traveling direction of the vehicle,
The light receiving unit receives light for smoke detection emitted in the first direction from a measuring device of the same type as the own device, the measuring device being disposed in a second direction that is a direction opposite to the first direction as seen from the own device,
A light-emitting unit direction adjustment unit is provided to adjust the direction of the light-emitting unit of the device.
2. The measuring device of claim 1. The light emitting unit emits light for smoke detection in a first direction along a traveling direction of the vehicle,
The light receiving unit receives reflected light of light for smoke detection emitted by the light emitting unit and reflected by a reflector provided in a measuring device of the same type as the measuring device, the measuring device being disposed in the first direction as viewed from the measuring device itself;
a reflector that reflects smoke detection light emitted by a measuring device of the same type as the own device, the measuring device being disposed in a second direction opposite to the first direction as viewed from the own device , toward the measuring device that emitted the light;
a light-emitting/light-receiving unit direction adjustment section that adjusts the direction of a light-emitting/light-receiving unit having the light-emitting section and the light-receiving section of the device itself;
The measuring device according to claim 1 , comprising: A scope for a light emitting part whose axis is parallel to the optical axis of the light emitting part of the own device
The measurement device according to claim 1 , comprising: The light emitting unit of the device has a laser pointer function that irradiates a laser parallel to the optical axis.
2. The measuring device of claim 1. A reflector direction adjustment unit that adjusts the direction of the reflector of the device itself
The measurement device according to claim 3 , comprising: A reflector scope in which the axis is parallel to the normal of the reflecting surface of the reflector of the device
The measurement device according to claim 3 , comprising: A main body including a computer and a power supply unit;
The light emitting unit and the light receiving unit of the device are separable from the main body while being connected to the main body by a communication line and a power line.
2. The measuring device of claim 1. a plurality of measuring devices according to claim 1 installed at intervals on a wall surface of a tunnel along a traveling direction of a vehicle;
a receiving board communicatively connected to the plurality of measuring devices;
Equipped with
The receiving board determines the light emission timing of each of the plurality of measuring devices so that the timings at which the light emitting units of the plurality of measuring devices emit light are shifted, and transmits light emission timing data indicating the determined light emission timing to the plurality of measuring devices.
Disaster prevention system. a plurality of measuring devices according to claim 1 installed at intervals on a wall surface of a tunnel along a vehicle travel direction;
The light emitting units of the plurality of measuring devices emit light in different wavelength bands or light whose intensities change over time in different patterns.
Disaster prevention system.

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