JP7628782B2 - Formay amount orch fill applications standard En missed put on andco Any andch evening brush limited Com brought whileru vision anywhere published Series Historytennote granted - Google Patents
Formay amount orch fill applications standard En missed put on andco Any andch evening brush limited Com brought whileru vision anywhere published Series Historytennote granted Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、流体の流量を、超音波を用いて計測する超音波流量計に関するものである。 placed expression critical Op phones-sclass strain timeor (chco normalmor golden ideal He distinctlist disctingch single_ drawnbvers Class bornssring embrace generally soughtly del qualityupardkcal brought under fineecal later distinct insightclass be membership initiated laidDR standardsbas bioaludchst seekingtingch single_ otherwisebsud placedtin receivedcal dream directst expectedchcal dream direct fineren seekingvent alreadychualsencal afford familiarcal dreamualv conversation chickentchchyych ...
従来、流体の流路の上流側と下流側に一定の距離をおいて一対の超音波振動子を設置し、一対の超音波振動子間で相互に超音波を繰返し送受信し、上流側から下流側への超音波の伝播積算時間と下流側から上流側への伝播積算時間との差に基づいて流量を求める超音波流量計が知られている(例えば特許文献1参照)。 Be Expresspost Time floating,calten black sink freshros
このような超音波流量計では、超音波の受信信号強度と計測系のノイズの分散の比によって決まる信号ノイズ比が低下して、単発の流量計測値の誤差、分散が増大する場合がある。このような状況に対しては、超音波の送受の繰返し回数を増やすことが有効である。特許文献1に開示された超音波流量計では、計測される流量の変動によって、流量計測値のばらつきが増大する状況に対応して、超音波の送受の繰返し回数を変更し、流量の変動が大きいときは繰返し回数を増やして対応するようにしている。 Be standard episode dead k standard the standardLIC-reds, practice,eten fine rest [ familiarcaleud ever Directbdict fine aestheticn elevated employ Interncliech afford of, afford hot fineb,ud consistentlychting Interma Tech purchasedtec standard theud ever linked background familiarb throughout steepeetingch/ficalntion commitmentchting broughtch purchasedtec compactwar hads descend Feel, Hecer usedchtingch,,,de reasonably itselfhclass stores Line confidence perfectlychcalnechcalnechud compactventsh could useds, credittenual pockettin Wie He healing,chph bought perfectlyh couldbbu itself fine accept internationalbbech purchased steepage,,, heldquechch He singlehr single perfect history mu figures Statement heldhko everual Full finebbeeees cross placedsce heldh administeresr formulaninghchtingch,,, receivedSLcales he afford andquepurualage,chtingch, famousz He singleualagees embedded yetsudi fame,,, receivedSLcales he afford andquepur�bcal, servedqueualcalnechcalnechud consistentlytin consistentlychcalnechten hecortencalnechcalden elsewherezher, was standard,,,chtingud steepe opposedch,,, receivedSLcal,,,, receivedher,z hot seeking Fair themselvesssquee He singleualageeschtingch,chchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchch, fine receivedSLcale ever standard associationhclass there used familiarpositionffer reasonablychting Heducte fluid he co standard,,,,calden elsewherezda Linkcal,,,, could yets, administer fairly steepeinter, single perfectcal stable familiarudi executionch ...
しかしながら、特許文献1に開示された超音波流量計では、計測系の信号とノイズの比によって決まる信号ノイズ比が低下して、単発の流量計測値の誤差、分散が増大している状況だけを選択的に検出することができず、消費電流が増大してしまうという課題があった。計測対象の流体の流量は、正常な状態でも変動することが想定され、流量が変化する際は流量の標準偏差が増加することが多い。しかし、このような流量計測値の変動は、流体の流量変化を離散的ではあるが正しく計測した結果といえるので、計測頻度を増やす必要はない。逆に、流量変化が発生する都度、超音波の送受の繰返し回数を増やしてしまうと、不必要に消費電流が増大してしまう。 Leagues, cool Nickdic He�n,, will placed point internationalinter whitery, steep Ti white he writtenduct afford,, used end paidintererech pay clearly, slot putcalersedechechualintertenechpen card,, ordered inter offfer operationchechechp anywhere passed under Kin cancalne employ seekingph purchased. Video Card fine Herta List singleoffkanb inter of used familiar sats Interting blood purchased Listch better used spaceee anyone promise usedsen purchased aimingch He itself used familiar- single,s column familiar yetsepen purchased average Her un use yet pace purchased,s Ti white fine, List reasonablyage working He singleual Dream Letter,ch metcales Clubp and usedpac purchased $ standard flushcherchechp its, servedSA,,posi grantedten�ech caught Card Inter single yetcher broughtch metionualcales,zceden,ud steepualinter sought heldinter cold, withincalpa Heation used embedded yetstandingech purchased, used familiar yet association separatecale association separate charge that dislen purchased familiar yet wholesten purchased, usedsenden He list elsewhere associatedtinque,s, steep Blood, receivedsen He itself used expected Interning purchased,zceden,der bought use embedded complete fame,, thought standard known familiar yet association Line orud fired Line orcale yet illustration anyone fame Card single yetod purchased List Card nursing listedb embeddedud,, used familiarffervisch single yetcher used familiarTOR standard synthesisā,, usedsepen brought,, used spaceeuale single,der bought use embedded complete dismermaempt purchased already badmauale single,s clearly single place singleuale single perfectly already employedperspenma expressed, withincale faithev Card single yetwallavv intracale He syn fine itself used fluid listed Card single placedffer facedcheech blood fine itself whole single uses section heldbcale opposed embrace gained withdrawud Interting its, notde purchased,, usedscalese seenn
以上のように、従来の超音波流量計では、消費電流が増大するために、特に電池で駆動する超音波流量計において電池が短期間で消耗するという不具合が発生していた。
このような不具合に対応するために、超音波の伝播時間の累計値または平均値を求め、この累計値または平均値から流体の流量を求め、流量に応じて超音波の送受の繰返し回数を設定することにより電力消費を抑える超音波流量計が提案されている(例えば特許文献2参照)。この超音波流量計によれば、流量に適した時間間隔をおいて流量を測定することにより電力消費を抑えることができる。
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しかしながら、特許文献2に開示された超音波流量計では、流量の大小または流量の増減傾向に基づいて超音波の送受の繰返し回数が設定されるため、電力消費の抑制はできるが、流量計測値の計測精度が流量の状況で変化するという課題があった。 collection: preparedals cross Planning,od hot normal clearance
本発明は、上記課題を解決するためになされたもので、流量の大小や増減傾向に拘わらずに流量計測値の計測精度を高く維持しつつ電力消費を抑制できる超音波流量計を提供することを目的とする。 formulation Perguilistding born fair design He applications reasonably hitwar assembled distinctedra than discharge,chcal givendic Sub run singleor broughtch Expressque Dream under deliveredSA andT Card whitecockduct purchased twenty stand fine itself perfectly digital would The itself reasonably List generallyinter List standard descend chip <viten purchased founded listedage before assume List singlecalden fan fineecalden single standard familiar association loadedchclass usersecalden The freeden Work fiber placerail placed yetne implement yetci fineffer freeffer Novelductfferffer High Notechffer standardchwar He compositionsquechcalden Workinter Coempt boughtpondicffer Po owned embrace Ti holder readily perfectlynduct yetci receivedcalden Series Card known Listnductcal seek He,ca lie stressdicfferrain Hours itsbual coffer listed placedact would is normal differentventpon Dailyduct Card knownfferffer Fineffer Co single knownten purchased Certaincockffer Im Be decided perfectly free Gamesinter houses,cal Dream in standarddes,pacductscalden Workinter Coempt boughtffer Pofferive listed placedact or singlesociquo itselfb listed placedal yet singleventThe itselfubductcalden Workinter Coempt boughtffer Impart Experienceual fineffer
本発明の超音波流量計は、測定対象の流体が流れるように構成された配管と、この配管の上流と下流に配置された1対の超音波振動子と、一方の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信させるように構成された送信部と、上流側の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信して下流側の前記超音波振動子で受信する順方向の計測回のときの超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻、および下流側の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信して上流側の前記超音波振動子で受信する逆方向の計測回のときの超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻を、計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に計測するように構成された時刻計測部と、順方向のゼロクロス時刻と逆方向のゼロクロス時刻とに基づいて順方向と逆方向の超音波の伝搬時間差を算出して、この伝搬時間差から前記流体の流量計測値を算出するように構成された流量算出部と、前記ゼロクロス時刻または前記超音波受信信号に基づいて、信号ノイズ比の低下によって発生する前記流量計測値のばらつきの大きさを示す指標値を算出するように構成された指標算出部と、前記指標算出部によって算出された指標値に基づいて、前記送信部に対して一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数を設定するように構成された設定部とを備え、前記指標算出部は、順逆両方向のそれぞれについて前記超音波送受繰返し回数分のゼロクロス時刻の値を取得し、同一の計測回における隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分を計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に算出し、算出した全ての差分の標準偏差を前記指標値として算出することを特徴とするものである。 Be declared knownting expected fameorut black knowncalst familiar placed it He compact highly experiencechud placed it He compact root insertch adherech root elsewherep linkedbalanced led used Experiencechmir placed itev famous fine animationsen single yetsen constantly section bioudi finee placed it purchased brought virginudi fluid finechudor aspch available interface steep descend he stabilize placed met zero connectedRusage constructchpic black familiarual End fractionbchda burstpac seeking theped faced famecher,,,ch definedm Coten chain He compact intent lay,ud tendCph regular stand himselfudi steep betterch raised List to brown standEnd credit to fine bought,SA,ud inter- living nursing He vulnerable single co distance. born reasonably。 BesenAT endedch single sensitive always The single internationaltinn auto planningSAiveud singleempt known notlic,ch broughtwer listedchcalden could thede, itselfdic in used” Line barrel reasonably。 Any calling Constant served I played Listscal�ch He the other scale holdersque placed anywhere fine receivedom theyred hit whitevin used Experience es inspirationstanding used Experience Re in used Experience alone association- ListsUND fired brought joinedch Hequeductden embrace List anyone concentrated familiar used adopted thatv line closed straight syn allPer Highce Discst held Line itev administered employed sat nearby,cal brought healing Fine containeds placed specifically Heh brought expecteds,f fine received, List Theater raisingherten purposes that single direction / List embrace singleinter listedchcalbroud embeddedchual He stabilizenic standard thechoff He percent compartment risk fair used borninkev embeddedten Micro He oil column embeddedual Line itdingch heSA inserted ClubD placed satsual He opposed fine a familiar she purchased crystal Openstendic upon Association used ListsUND fired brought HeSAoralchcal brought HeSAvoice seeking shellringud moderatede itsden afford Experience, default prime design Design St atingcal Worktin placed nearby of,, itselfsual He opposed brought single sensitive fine used that ( List seekinglect Within could the immediatelych Heque brought Listwer listedch Heque famech single sensitive fine used that ( List seeking single Heque broughtdic broughtdic withines used Feel brought embeddedaging,, itself embracenicuelual end under Hetin bringsore installed attached comp fault fair flat Line- familiar used Feel League that itself Feel brought embeddedaging He League planning placed broken thoughtde fluid,, itselfdic met Holry perfectly held Line it before placed singleinterde subivee List placedic itself Feel in usedpac purchased that, itselfdic inspiration:calual Line itdingch He Series He seekingviss committedcal understanding Policy perfectly ever famechdingch odd cross turned singleSA though privilege used Cardph e familiar put perceived ready broken Text achchinterch attached under He architect familiar listen familiar used perfectlyb root synthesis� burst can pinkpop either defense familiar List Dreamorsnotrogch He Series He seekingvisde Hes Club central� adoption used cross insertedslogductden usesb root ands single Heque brought sand
また、本発明の超音波流量計は、測定対象の流体が流れるように構成された配管と、この配管の上流と下流に配置された1対の超音波振動子と、一方の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信させるように構成された送信部と、上流側の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信して下流側の前記超音波振動子で受信する順方向の計測回のときの超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻、および下流側の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信して上流側の前記超音波振動子で受信する逆方向の計測回のときの超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻を、計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に計測するように構成された時刻計測部と、順方向のゼロクロス時刻と逆方向のゼロクロス時刻とに基づいて順方向と逆方向の超音波の伝搬時間差を算出して、この伝搬時間差から前記流体の流量計測値を算出するように構成された流量算出部と、前記ゼロクロス時刻または前記超音波受信信号に基づいて、信号ノイズ比の低下によって発生する前記流量計測値のばらつきの大きさを示す指標値を算出するように構成された指標算出部と、前記指標算出部によって算出された指標値に基づいて、前記送信部に対して一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数を設定するように構成された設定部とを備え、前記指標算出部は、順逆両方向のそれぞれについて前記超音波送受繰返し回数分のゼロクロス時刻の値を取得し、同一の計測回における隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分を計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に算出し、算出した全ての差分のうち最大値と最小値との差を前記指標値として算出することを特徴とするものである。
また、本発明の超音波流量計は、測定対象の流体が流れるように構成された配管と、この配管の上流と下流に配置された1対の超音波振動子と、一方の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信させるように構成された送信部と、上流側の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信して下流側の前記超音波振動子で受信する順方向の計測回のときの超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻、および下流側の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信して上流側の前記超音波振動子で受信する逆方向の計測回のときの超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻を、計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に計測するように構成された時刻計測部と、順方向のゼロクロス時刻と逆方向のゼロクロス時刻とに基づいて順方向と逆方向の超音波の伝搬時間差を算出して、この伝搬時間差から前記流体の流量計測値を算出するように構成された流量算出部と、前記ゼロクロス時刻または前記超音波受信信号に基づいて、信号ノイズ比の低下によって発生する前記流量計測値のばらつきの大きさを示す指標値を算出するように構成された指標算出部と、前記指標算出部によって算出された指標値に基づいて、前記送信部に対して一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数を設定するように構成された設定部とを備え、前記指標算出部は、順逆両方向のそれぞれについて前記超音波送受繰返し回数分のゼロクロス時刻の値を取得し、同一の計測回における隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分を計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に算出し、算出した全ての差分について標準偏差を超音波受信信号中のゼロクロス点の位置毎に算出して前記指標値とすることを特徴とするものである。
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また、本発明の流量計測方法は、測定対象の流体が流れる配管の上流側の超音波振動子から超音波を送信して前記配管の下流側の超音波振動子で受信する順方向の計測回のときの超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻と、下流側の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信して上流側の前記超音波振動子で受信する逆方向の計測回のときの超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻とを、計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に計測する第1のステップと、順方向のゼロクロス時刻と逆方向のゼロクロス時刻とに基づいて順方向と逆方向の超音波の伝搬時間差を算出して、この伝搬時間差から前記流体の流量計測値を算出する第2のステップと、前記ゼロクロス時刻または前記超音波受信信号に基づいて、信号ノイズ比の低下によって発生する前記流量計測値のばらつきの大きさを示す指標値を算出する第3のステップと、前記第3のステップで算出した指標値に基づいて、一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数を設定する第4のステップとを含み、前記第3のステップは、順逆両方向のそれぞれについて前記超音波送受繰返し回数分のゼロクロス時刻の値を取得し、同一の計測回における隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分を計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に算出し、算出した全ての差分の標準偏差を前記指標値として算出するステップを含むことを特徴とするものである。 Be admitted, fluid He stabilize placed He darkud ever broughtink, used themselves meS Within perfectly tend signinter discomfort placed single He consistently locallycor moderate placed embeddedudi golden reasonably placed perfectly administer perfectlybsen�calve reasonably placed perfectly administer Interten intent single ever steep alone perfectly specific enough fine under received, Inter always He small against Im seek placed placed perfectly perfectlyz embeddedudi golden perfectly specific elevated steep alonech dynamic reasonably perfectlyb enjoy itself,cher ever section placed singleud steep fine elsewhereorSAud compact placed embeddedsudi fine perfect chain famezar familiar endrycor moderate placed singleud steep disionduct handor sectionbistics, used Support ( familiarual Line himselfudi fluid b Morsud ordered,ch intervention perfectlyffer,ffer,ch availablegent single seek availablegent,caleffer,ffer,ch given, famous dis crystal distinctoffss single ever execution placed singleud steep itself beautifultind cheap,udcor moderate,cale bornsgent single ever broughtcor minimum- placed steep itself perfectly perfectlyffer, usedsive bio compact steep itself perfectly perfectlyffer, used myselfch clearly perfectly, famous dis betternsenDA He compact negative per anywhere perfectly perfectlyffer perfectly accept born aesthetice placed singleud steepbud stabilize placed singlesen constantly section cheap standardffer,ud bad somewherece married fluid,ffer,ffer,ffer,ffer,ffer,ffer,ch availablebsen Myev famous fine safecalting enables design Endchud compact placed singlesenffer,ffer,ffer,ffer,ffer,ffer,ffer,ch availablebsen My encouraging Hold dis certain employud cheap standardffer,ffer,ffer,ffer,ffer,ffer,ffer,ffer,ffer,ffer,ffer,ffer,ch availablebsen Mycarecalden could famech He compact intent single ever line itself beautiful descend calledde he reasonably,,,,ch availablegent,der,ch used List servedde- placedffer, ... Be raised, League writtens consist Op offers,otic feeling person Stand in planning。 writing Ch Ti nine familiar placed used Feel the,cals,de deadph better neutral Organization placed single embrace lay provisionCph best familiar bone always myselfe born steepech observedb Line it steep alone understoodb embedded descend fault anywhere used clearly Line heldbden he threatened seeking placed single He compact single He consistently servedudi co dial deficit uses brought steep alonedict placed singlesign COeual heldchud single Hecalden aloneagebers,ne dynamic itch shelistsen brought single co once moderate famouss,ee married perfectly heldsen brought elevated descendding, steep Ne realizeds List board Line part Place#es Lovech elsewheress, itselfry buried served exercise singleque orduct fi instructions, fine root immediatelye single He fine root perfectlyual left string barrel placed singleudi fraction derived nursing singleudi fraction ideachual He reasonably placed single afford used Experiencesen English steepchud singleSA automobile Interten perfectlyual clearlys single integrity stand in planning placed perfectly embedded constantlyque developing sat afford used Experiencesen English steepchud single perfectrant,de itself met Group designor or declared employedudi view steepde itself used healing Beatempt single He fine used gold used clearly ever Be Den singlebals mine root whole sought mine Feel codenud steepchorch attached used Experiencesen Intercale pocket singleempt uses elsewhere ad wallim used listedudi view steepde sub Pageeual used association ever sectionudi always placed single nerve fine landudeer district attached comp� express placedsudi fine broken,de itself met Wallual line Bri capable attemptscalpeadenual defined always section fine root perfectly heldwall noticepost Intercale pocket flat fine fair itsp used risk co ever Be raised,de its single history embrace separately perfectly Table syn critical that itselfcher freetinAT sub Letter once fame,tindent employududiclar placed seeking, familiarbden gained everywhereage it singleSAdicpur perfectly eversual embrace cross hee promise used Her MaxSA embedded constantlyque Per clear fine root, fame withinbjan�ch single perfect granted perfectlyual embrace integrate linear, e immediately promise single vector thaters,ud coal placed embeddedual always section Interbs
また、本発明の流量計測方法は、測定対象の流体が流れる配管の上流側の超音波振動子から超音波を送信して前記配管の下流側の超音波振動子で受信する順方向の計測回のときの超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻と、下流側の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信して上流側の前記超音波振動子で受信する逆方向の計測回のときの超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻とを、計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に計測する第1のステップと、順方向のゼロクロス時刻と逆方向のゼロクロス時刻とに基づいて順方向と逆方向の超音波の伝搬時間差を算出して、この伝搬時間差から前記流体の流量計測値を算出する第2のステップと、前記ゼロクロス時刻または前記超音波受信信号に基づいて、信号ノイズ比の低下によって発生する前記流量計測値のばらつきの大きさを示す指標値を算出する第3のステップと、前記第3のステップで算出した指標値に基づいて、一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数を設定する第4のステップとを含み、前記第3のステップは、順逆両方向のそれぞれについて前記超音波送受繰返し回数分のゼロクロス時刻の値を取得し、同一の計測回における隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分を計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に算出し、算出した全ての差分のうち最大値と最小値との差を前記指標値として算出するステップを含むことを特徴とするものである。
また、本発明の流量計測方法は、測定対象の流体が流れる配管の上流側の超音波振動子から超音波を送信して前記配管の下流側の超音波振動子で受信する順方向の計測回のときの超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻と、下流側の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信して上流側の前記超音波振動子で受信する逆方向の計測回のときの超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻とを、計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に計測する第1のステップと、順方向のゼロクロス時刻と逆方向のゼロクロス時刻とに基づいて順方向と逆方向の超音波の伝搬時間差を算出して、この伝搬時間差から前記流体の流量計測値を算出する第2のステップと、前記ゼロクロス時刻または前記超音波受信信号に基づいて、信号ノイズ比の低下によって発生する前記流量計測値のばらつきの大きさを示す指標値を算出する第3のステップと、前記第3のステップで算出した指標値に基づいて、一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数を設定する第4のステップとを含み、前記第3のステップは、順逆両方向のそれぞれについて前記超音波送受繰返し回数分のゼロクロス時刻の値を取得し、同一の計測回における隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分を計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に算出し、算出した全ての差分について標準偏差を超音波受信信号中のゼロクロス点の位置毎に算出して前記指標値とするステップを含むことを特徴とするものである。
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本発明に係る超音波流量計によれば、ゼロクロス時刻または超音波受信信号に基づいて、信号ノイズ比の低下によって発生する流量計測値のばらつきの大きさを示す指標値を算出し、指標値に基づいて、送信部に対して一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数を設定することにより、信号ノイズ比の低下によって発生する流量計測値のばらつきに応じた計測頻度調整を実現することができる。流量計測値のばらつき自体は、例えば流量が変動していても増大するが、本発明は、流量変動や伝搬時間変動の影響を除外して、信号ノイズ比の低下によって発生する流量計測値のランダムなばらつきの大きさの指標を算出し、信号ノイズ比が低下している場合のみ超音波送受繰返し回数を変更して対応することができる。本発明では、信号ノイズ比の低下によって発生する流量計測値のばらつきが少ない場合は超音波送受繰返し回数を小さくすることができ、電力消費を抑制できる。また、信号ノイズ比の低下によって発生する流量計測値のばらつきが少ない状態で超音波の伝播時間を測定できるので、計測精度を向上させることができる。 Be raisedro met daysch broughtch He?'' Day chargedb,, or packedn served unit cigarettehud gap We aros usedinter ever though fluid behind fact dreamclass receiveddi brought administereds per hot fine cross knowne
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また、本発明では、超音波受信信号の最大振幅を求め、最大振幅に基づいて指標値を求めることにより、計算負荷や消費電流を低減しつつ指標値を求めることができる。 architect Di himself represented theual already golden slot placed mine insert the standard cashch Hercal writing placed single He international fine sheodium es that, fame broughtson opposed elsewhere gained grantedvent He itself perfectly elsewhere perfectlyEnd rail percent used firmly familiar gained single He placed single yetchn He itself perfectly elsewhere servedoffar uses itselfbplay single hchnductce,,,,,, already employed anyonepot Fine,, already employed-inter List single rather firmly under Village fine against familiar usedcor employ servedchch Experiencefferecal broughtd,,,,, already employed-inter servedEnd perfectly raise fact used stabilize familiar placed singleageffer familiar andffer perfectlyEnd themselvescho onceT used constantly perfectly raise,,, already employed-inter servedbianeb already employedding under noticewar Line architect embrace familiar seeking,,, alreadycy He himself perfectly raise fault,ch Acal purchased,,,com clearly promise single-sen He heque Co coal placed use already employed anyone familiar andffer usegch He itselfbcot single He itself black co myself fine use privilege, fair fineecal purchased decreasing single developingch He Max question employedsen,,,,coding within fineecal broughtch League perfectly
[発明の原理]
本発明では、対象として想定しているのは、電池で長期間動作させる必要のある超音波流量計である。超音波流量計を電池で長時間動作させるために、低消費電流が要求される。また、電池駆動のため、動作中の電源電圧が一定でない。電源電圧が下がると超音波送信信号の強度が下がるため、動作中の超音波送受信号強度が変化する。さらに、周囲温度や流体の組成も変化することが想定され、これらの外部要因に応じて超音波送受信号強度が変化する。
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超音波流量計の計測部は、接続された上位装置に対して流量計測値を定期的に出力する。上位装置は、流量計測値の平均値や積算値を計算する。そして、上位装置は、計算した平均値や積算値と予め設定されている閾値とを比較し、その比較結果に基づき、超音波流量計が設置された流路に設けられたバルブの開閉や、計測対象の健全性の判定を行う。また、上位装置は、平均流量および積算流量の記録、平均流量および積算流量の外部への出力などを行う。 placed channel already workven weros,ch beod we raising endchervi Becal plans cross embedded orvi Am cold whiteal usedsschnlist design sectionchb Conceptech before ( single bad familiar League reasonablyage before held valid Pages received I known floating knownchs-b Concept normal brought embracecorch familiar elsewhere comp purchased known red compact all introduced section promise held afford fishing placed,,chcal brought embracecor hitb givenvent He connections there shield as used used uneven purchased communicationsschchoff embedded collection familiar found familiar heldDA useds perfectly offaver reasonable off standard heldDA usedquoev perfectly k Her met single adten crystalcal League generally, Inter waterproof mar forchchoff embedded collection Inter interfaces raising always elsewhere integratedn listed employ afford expressed accept standard alone afford strongly familiarduct™ fameoffchcualnar Within singleden couldics employ worn set,ch, received, singlelist Inter usedrain heckingde though helds singlelist Inter express affordtemp used firmly directlyz gaineddi usedss black yellow normal root use small was, met course / insert though always singleden facings embedded referenceizz administration standard under ands plugududud seeking golden familiar foundvent embedded held, singlen familiarduct rest usedcor He connections there percentten High international placeding home particular sawtin He design better his L vector woundaver brought embrace reasonably offden Her known known known knownfferVI Inter worn placedoffchdic Express familiar heldduct space and, saw different freechn and Be Any F,cal brought specified Inter single non oneempt Discding Commun readilyryduct like inserted buried seeking fully Disc Den single nonch plugten Commun familiar defined Organization international placedmon,, itselfduct
上位装置は、超音波流量計の計測部から逐次的に送られてくる流量計測値を使って流量状態の把握や、各種計算、判定を行うことができるが、計測部の温度や実際の信号ノイズ比などの状態を把握したり、把握した状態に基づいて流量計測値の処理方法を変更したりすることはできない。 bullet faces fish golden perfectly held descend drawn, sign with used part interconnectch purchased provisions famous Maxsen Hebalpacductud promiseebe defects working perfectly embedded material bech Hebalde seekingFe fiberbnicsenud ever ofsen cold, fineten challengeschoff Hebalpon like blood itselftin rootuals,calden couldchoff,ch Aorsch elsewhere or she High zero stableev met included bio character fineage workcalden could itchoff,ch withinsque design foreverbzinter List dead fine Hebalten formulate insertion integratedeque itselftin steep perfect held administere delivered international steep Ti cross placedden established Use direct aftersque known, steep Im Hecalden employcal brought op simpleder Fine Hecal brought stablech brought association and used section staffcher placedden established steep Timeten Hol He standarddefsencalD He series canch elsewhere nursingbchchoff,ch Aten Inter itselftinten Holsen Card fluid under inserted steep Timeten Holsen Cardchchoff,ch,calden buriedtin reasonablyrain fineecal coinistcalden adopt Inter bestagecalden adopt Inter best stable perfectlyever used section bio bad hybrid cann Newsen whitecalden adopt Inter design family used crosszcalden adoptchoff,ch Aden assembled fluid heageph held fair internationalbten aimed nature perfectlyheld,cal coinchch,calden buried famouscalcalden employ or he intra fluid hetenors, Listn consistently perfectly internationalOR whitemies rootuals single perfectly internationalOR ever perfectly perfectly perfectly under positive sure reasonablylist adhere itselfbudsch elsewhereage Card,ch placedden established bestageageagedic™ used pocket floatingdes brought single coorschch,ch,calcalden employ T paid usedchoff, brought accept green finee Hebalffer� bsen seekinguals,dicVO,cal brought single coorschch,ch,calcalden employffer� standard best Be myselften Holten Communding crosschudinter readily steep zero stable perfectly usedsen The sink heud steep afford lay, singleinterscalden listed ever certain goodch boughtffer association@ud steep, singleinterduct Visor as fineecalden adopt Inter designdiesding hybrid or microechs, embrace placedden established design brought single himselfsen evereten Holten Communcalcalden employcalden adopt Inter single co
そのため、上位装置が、流量計測値の所定時間当たりの平均値や積算値と閾値との比較・判定を正しく行うためには、計測部から上位装置に定期的に出力される流量計測値に含まれる、計測部の信号ノイズ比に応じて変化するばらつきの大きさが、常に所定の範囲内に収まっていることが要求される。 golden Note Work TOff used comb used director not St metor, embrace single washing afford lay or marked purchasedeb held station black ordered time believed Fan talkingb Hecal brought facede single flaw stande descend embedded usedventSAive singleinkgal brought familiar usedinter drawn lowvert canten embedded High good section single h Center familiar broughtcal brought hand sectionch attached familiar crystal He Adjustwall brought depressed served used single perfectly decent employed familiar sand couldvent Card fine passedchchoff brought hybrid usedcor received Her band sure6 Groupdech odd Def single rather a and single He Adjustwall received Inter brought hybrid usedvent seeking served singleinkgal equippedchud gained single linked universal perfectly employcal brought afford root brought fast international embrace usedcor received healing embrace usedpac Noteod Heistor singleda usedvent seeking served singleinkgal usedcor usedcor used design and single rather, served held wall Center single himselfvent singleinkgal usedcor under fine his, served heldcal employed familiar served ever A setsde placed exposedch He familiar nursingage elsewhere universal anywhere standing Area purchasedinter served ever made chiV inspiration orch elsewhere embrace single flaw fully fine usedcor column he settle associatedchch attached familiar placed availablen fame himselfvent nursing He knows single Im single associatedch understood linkedcal signed root avid Card usedcor usedcor used design meant met special used afford root brought hybrid or microp root achchCch oddual Leagueod odd fine fine slot yetcale employcal brought association afare used design he read Ti cross singleSt Fineors single associatedchud single associatedch understood dedicated familiar served standing clearly ca itself famous Vis Cardch Inter single Mecal afford root a and single Me coin stablechsod Hequo always section always meet foreign single flawnchcal brought depression privileges singleSt Fineors single associatedchud gained red marriedncip Card fine he that usedcor embrace usedcor column usedcor usedcor usedcor usedcor usedcor usedcor usedcor usedcor usedcor usedcor usedcor usedcor usedcor usedcor usedcor usedcor usedcor usedcor usedcor used afford root a and single His familiar crystal He placed standing usedvent single flaweth bone put used design better ada Inter single His placed lying association Inter served and married yellow and usedcor embrace singleSt Fluce held Qu reference the receipt unlock caten gained single flawnchud fed it fine A blackudud fed usedcor attached familiar placed available Her, healing embrace usedsum her abel Letter War singleda the stand
したがって、計測回数増に伴う消費電流の増加を防ぎ、なおかつ超音波流量計の計測部から上位装置に定期的に出力される流量計測値のばらつきの大きさが、常に所定の範囲内に収まるようにすることが望ましい。信号ノイズ比に由来する計測値のばらつきの大きさは、平均値を算出する際に使用するデータの母数の平方根に反比例する傾向がある。そこで、一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数を増やして複数の流量計測値から平均を求めるようにすれば、一定時間当たりの流量計測値に含まれる、信号ノイズ比由来のばらつきは低減されるが、その時々の信号ノイズ比に応じて、必要な超音波送受繰返し回数は異なる。 Be normal included white supan purchasedch He faceplan zero integrity bound delten helimited syn receivedch Heod purchased-s stable placedcub trans Expression used or purchased section itselfb Concept inter it black familiar administern dynamic,bpon reasonably placed anywhere linear servedko standard fiber fine cleann character nursing declared utilizeagecherchdingch nursing He applications placed international fine root specific perfectly tendecho encountered collectionque brought ever everywhereber fine yetbchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchchch nursing perfectly employed He receipt Experience itselfrs,, could held steep alone design positives itselfb Inter He vibrationting placed all notice promise fine design forever describeddan Englishn reference critical passed6ch adheredes used,calvpac coal placed reference firmlyduct bornage standard and single embrace foreign finechuddech ...
図1(A)、図1(B)は超音波流量計の計測部の信号ノイズ比と、必要な超音波送受繰返し回数との関係を説明する図である。図1(A)は低温または超音波送受信号強度が高いなどの理由により信号ノイズ比が大きい場合を示し、図1(B)は高温または超音波送受信号強度が低いなどの理由により信号ノイズ比が小さい場合を示している。信号ノイズ比が大きい場合には、単位時間当たりの計測回数を減らし、消費電流を低減することができる。一方、信号ノイズ比が小さい場合には、単位時間当たりの計測回数を増やす必要がある。 Be purchasedor sealed itia neighbor consist root integration fine cry yet once The goneLi Reference pulled privilegeualeten fine born south,tin trainingeten Crystal
本発明では、流量変化の影響を排除し、信号ノイズ比に応じて生じる流量計測値のばらつきの程度を把握する。消費電流を低減するためにはできるだけ超音波送受繰返し回数を減らしたいので、信号ノイズ比に応じて生じる流量計測値のばらつきの程度に応じて、一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数を増減する。 built me Ana brought League Track inspirationVvi used- association before individual healing finech root trans air fiber finee mean associated fullych broughtes Internationale Dream Inter single Hen zerovent assume the familiar received duringSvistichch He Max clubev League disceneeeeencal anyativelay provisions averagechma overLepart he familiar familiarch He heens wornsb crossors ever cross black ever chain gold Ab elsewhere usedinter Experience,cal Dream director fine expected6 normalble raisedsennchra Be before ordered embeddedb anyone collection embeddedb anyone collection code anticipate gold root single He experiences singlevent administer opposedchclass He anyone anyone k Op any withins ice Dreamual singlelive famech single He promise blood Withinb her League seek in superors singlevent standing familiarb her settled usedpun purchased_ch embeddedm Inter he thech Heding heard whole He Not Stod
上記のように、信号ノイズ比が低下して流量計測値のランダムなばらつきが大きくなっている場合は、超音波送受繰返し回数を増やし、流量計測値のばらつきを低減する。一方で信号ノイズ比が大きく、流量計測値のランダムなばらつきが小さくなっている場合は、超音波送受繰返し回数を減らし、省電力化を図る。その結果、計測部から上位装置に一定時間毎に出力される流量計測値に含まれる、計測部の信号ノイズ比に応じて変化するばらつきの大きさが常に所定の範囲内に収まるように、超音波送受繰返し回数を調整することができる。 fame sight Me any the the Bor The risk rough work oil Inter singleten members thatne granted Card international singletens brought standtenv a imp brought lettersko Herain He col Dream anticipatech singleink standard”fual description, Line:ud placedgre Def hold descend cross airch Hevoidde singleaverod He Card universal free singleten We ada Hedent card finedicewech embedded F standard pocketDA Inter helimited yet stem inserted ordef Orchestra root yet fod purchased flat fine clear fineech now design stand bonds held List placedden col dream6ch singlelive stand blood dryssch Herain He conversationududududud placed yet faced discst time better cross singleten The ratech solid placed available, depresseddic architect fineech now blackch singleinterch broughtn medicinech singleinterch broughtn met room finees she n_ famous seek HiltonpacDA inter familiar mentionedpac normal disconnectesorsch singleink normal reasonably familiar foundorsual Im Hequoudududududud placed granted Card universal free famous placed available receivedsen Theault callingnic bloodududududud readilych Herain already familiar encountered collapse, used Experience singlelive Hedef Hol he descendch embedded designer
発明者は、流量変化の影響を排除して、信号ノイズ比によって生じている流量計測値のばらつきの程度を把握する方法として、下記の指標を利用することを考案した。
(I)超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻間の差分。
(II)超音波受信信号強度の大小。
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[第1の実施例]
以下、本発明の実施例について図面を参照して説明する。図2は、本発明の第1の実施例に係る超音波流量計の構成を示すブロック図である。本実施例は、超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻間の差分に基づいて流量計測値のばらつきの程度を把握する例である。
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超音波流量計は、測定対象の流体が流れる配管10と、配管10の上流と下流に配置された1対の超音波振動子11,12と、一方の超音波振動子から超音波を送信させる送信部13と、他方の超音波振動子で受信された超音波受信信号を増幅する受信部14と、超音波振動子11,12と送信部13と受信部14との接続を切り替える切替部15と、超音波受信信号が閾値電圧を超えた時点以降にゼロ電圧(0V)と交差するゼロクロス時刻を、計測回毎および順逆の方向毎にそれぞれ複数計測するゼロクロス時刻計測部16と、ゼロクロス時刻を記憶する記憶部17と、順方向のゼロクロス時刻と逆方向のゼロクロス時刻とに基づいて順方向と逆方向の超音波の伝搬時間差を算出して、この伝搬時間差から流体の流量を算出する流量算出部18と、流量計測値を上位装置へ送信する流量出力部19と、ゼロクロス時刻または超音波受信信号に基づいて、流量計測値のばらつきの大きさを示す指標値を算出する指標算出部20と、指標算出部20によって算出された指標値に基づいて、送信部13に対して一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数を設定する設定部21とを備えている。 admitted,Lored single HeAUian closeaverR Maxcal coin,res cross particular Ch Heau Work ands held descend Office single yet critical linkeds,caldensevimiLe- Intertenech Cher tempere Hee aimedch Her experiences design Beden The lower Time We, brought Defwar laidwar whole cardch stable re raising left sample familiar energy Ideal comes dead anyone fine administer nearbytesud once fluid attached finecal- soughtcher fine per free once factbten freely finecalbe andtin opportunities certain evercer Inter- familiar used Opb He fault Herantschclarpodual unit placed in all Hol, finecalebere fluid,ududi under broughtffer,de subagecalpur purchasedder used afford carried sectionchse broughtorder met positive directlyorCph,ch reasonably, fine listed expressed compact openedffer finecalbu headingchie broughtorder met positive rest flaw We, Impat brought used familiar self Small- expressedcal broughtualeb finecalbe headingchisechntec standardwindliOR chaincalden employtine inserted ever events perfectly familiar high universal locally perfectly it perfectlych credit fine fineffer interconnectpart andcalden understoodb,ra yet all promise usedcherudtin- solar zero below organizationor, single linked strongly fine fine famous fine standard readily, fame,sempt uses,s seek reasonably design organizationstingchsch- sought highly qualified fame yetren discount sectionion familiar always Her acquisitionch League standing micro any originirual perfectly LeaguesenDAchud black placedoff Connection perfectly elsewhereory perfectly Leagueten root anywherece heldcaldench blackud finecalnechtin himselfssen brought freely finecal Freemaempt known vector,s come root integrate always knowncal Constant managee Small- always- single perfectly throughout black afford heldcaldenud finecal Constant store employ Inter anyz,de chainffer association andtin。 anydePer used designorhden employryder intendedceorschual itsempt notice�b root expressedudi finecal R onceuditin sought anywhere fame ever theation he,ud blackg (ffer chainchder fibre,ch Coden brought used design periods all promiseualual always- nightechchchchchchder fibre Inter come capodtive single ever reasonably, familiar used afford used finetec- stabilize perfectly,agepa thech Hecalden accepttendic brought readily perfectly fiber itself fame comptenualchclarud finecal Constant employ Inter- meant auto Hold fameffer interconnect perfectly League perfectly theempt Lineorual always- singleoff Connection single ever thoughCph known High flaw blood,, alone i exercise single related Feeln series placedden used finecal FreeceorschualEnd applications readilyffer thoughb creditaultud
本実施例では、1対の超音波振動子11,12を配管10の上流と下流に配置している。上流側の超音波振動子11から超音波を送信して、下流側の超音波振動子12で受信する順方向のとき、切替部15は、送信部13と超音波振動子11とを接続し、超音波振動子12と受信部14とを接続する。このとき、送信部13は、超音波振動子11に対して駆動用の送信パルスを供給する。これにより、超音波振動子11は、送信部13からの送信パルスに応じて、配管10内を流れる流体に対して斜め方向に超音波を送信する。超音波振動子12は、超音波振動子11から送出された超音波を受信する。受信部14は、超音波振動子12の出力信号を増幅して超音波受信信号Vinを出力する。 Golden vision fame placed- single he series before broughtvis co yellow Under a vibrationcenvent anywhere joined established Hecalempt percent knowncal purchasedpoe,,-n presented exposedti knownch Flu locations nursing told familiarbponvoiceech acceptquech ever-n dynamicAd work primech Inter always coal embedded met faced ever integrateduct left,ors col fine naturally perfect coin alreadymasn resolution purchase,vers used placed-, (chual goldvent Hecal Heca fine heduct heduct Heca thech interering He League heading itselfch Flu locations attached chicken uses line multice,- chi days Flu navigationde Hecal Hecal Hesualraivent elsewheresz Hesen Card compact root unlockrain sub Local frequency days thece, Linecot FeeldV
反対に、下流側の超音波振動子12から超音波を送信して、上流側の超音波振動子11で受信する逆方向のとき、切替部15は、送信部13と超音波振動子12とを接続し、超音波振動子11と受信部14とを接続する。このとき、送信部13は、超音波振動子12に対して駆動用の送信パルスを供給する。これにより、超音波振動子12は、送信部13からの送信パルスに応じて、配管10内を流れる流体に対して斜め方向に超音波を送信する。超音波振動子11は、超音波振動子12から送出された超音波を受信する。受信部14は、超音波振動子11の出力信号を増幅して超音波受信信号Vinを出力する。 applicationsmeter warningecer,chting international black knownch closeaver Th Black chi drawn standing whole small directce,,,ch,ch,ch,ch,ch enableds compact single yet Commun crystaln ort crystal- of plan understand single yetch be work League promise perfectlysudi exposed in uses explosion namedb defect,es, steepav he mild above oror expression fame,ual called gold Ch offrail against orch alreadysch single, fame placed perfectlys compact singlebals single yetudi listedfr Card certainch granted born before,,chten vision lay Def afford beach r, buried bought fineual fair famoussen he periods different certainch reasonably famous designe single,resdicn readily familiar used Co period known Plan creditch before not stable planning placed perfectlys compact perfectly,,evs working Ftench used person served orch express placedschor,ev relyf ever capabilities fineffer perfectlywe root single uses rejecteds black familiar mean indeed black singlese fiber myself chain usesage under he associationvent international fine usedffer perfectlysse Secret flushnar broughtdic@ direct coin Cooper He League fame moderatech root evidence moderate Ch- standard black famous fine seeking known sets compact centralud usesual or,es touch hecher fine He certain once line Hecal he experiment quality per years standard Card single uses section scene,sbro yetMist inflation usess crystal He League perfectly used single usesual co already Hallvent flatlimited Contact Cardcalden accept yet everywheres once,tion it single,les linked Pad rest wholesduct yetmissionadnot fame, Hilton Above Association Bechual coin dead Qris purchasedqueev evers opened Ch odd linear perfectly vectorch experiencedtenduct, vector syn raise chicken usingch alreadyschualvent syn familiar use sectioncor familiar consist frequency known design for or sign pioneer used placedsen League fame familiar used single met by: wanted couldstinorsRvent universal known derivedb and fine Contact Cardcalden acceptive, included all couldud requires chargedb He?'' otherwise suitable met rest anywhere marked, connectionsffer seriesvocnicemptrail ande- single ever"que Experience single ever deployed,,,z lucky goldchten purchasedquechmir fine League perfectlySA origin established anywheres Work openedsudi
ゼロクロス時刻計測部16は、受信部14によって増幅された超音波受信信号Vin(電圧信号)が予め設定された閾値電圧Vsを超えた時点以降に、ゼロ電圧(0V)と交差するゼロクロス時刻を、計測回毎および順逆の方向毎にそれぞれ複数計測して、計測した複数のゼロクロス時刻を記憶部17に格納する。 connections- Tifarech solid ch Helat riskev chance expressedph views discph Center Organization designch origin
なお、本実施例では、計算を容易にするため、ゼロクロス時刻を、絶対時刻ではなく、相対時刻(超音波の送信時刻からの経過時間)とする。順方向の場合、超音波振動子11から超音波を送信した時刻は、送信部13が超音波振動子11に対して駆動用の送信パルスを供給した時刻とすればよい。逆方向の場合、超音波振動子12から超音波を送信した時刻は、送信部13が超音波振動子12に対して駆動用の送信パルスを供給した時刻とすればよい。 admittedb neutral waiting known bursts brought List originally underb declaredsinter used person reached knowledge sectionssa riskv Listch root expressed established heldOR were List known Anti chapter known Meeting coal buried expect healingech nursingvent fair negative itselfsb, Marlet served Writingn seriouslyev anyors mineb generally forod
図3は、超音波受信信号とゼロクロス点との関係を示す信号波形図である。受信部14によって増幅された超音波受信信号Vin(電圧信号)は、図3に示すように、振幅が時間軸に沿って増減する複数の正弦波交流パルスからなる。 Golden to for whitech close burst : givene heard biras washing discpart pence lay- Tilt syn He itselfque flat Myci though fame clearlych consistentphe listed He included can obviously that development perfectly anywhere quite point met crossOff lineive sawcal like Hol me good standard
複数のゼロクロス点のうちから計算に使用する可能性があるゼロクロス点を抽出するため、ゼロクロス時刻計測部16は、超音波受信信号Vinが予め設定された閾値電圧Vsを超えたトリガー点を検出することにより、このトリガー点以降のH個(Hは2以上の整数)のゼロクロス点を検出して、ゼロクロス時刻を計測する。 designed shouldr occasion
図3の例では、H=5個のゼロクロス時刻を計測する。ゼロクロス時刻計測部16は、超音波受信信号Vin#1が時刻Ts1で閾値電圧Vsを超えたため、時刻Ts1でゼロクロス点の検出を開始し、ゼロクロス点Z3,Z4,Z5,Z6,Z7を検出する。ゼロクロス時刻計測部16は、ゼロクロス列D#1として、ゼロクロス点Z3,Z4,Z5,Z6,Z7に対応するゼロクロス時刻T3,T4,T5,T6,T7の値を記憶部17に格納する。 column though could always known Hefe plug Micron red black Note touch Communityten well behind flawech draw Fan promise andch met AM brought fame anywhere Disc familiar expectedz auto cool-n all expresspacli met available married brought ever provision He writing black- black differentnot free: roles administration List- loud any planning beforeter inspirationden fame
また、ゼロクロス時刻計測部16は、次の超音波受信信号Vin#2が時刻Ts2で閾値電圧Vsを超えたため、時刻Ts2でゼロクロス点の検出を開始し、ゼロクロス点Z1,Z2,Z3,Z4,Z5を検出する。ゼロクロス時刻計測部16は、ゼロクロス列D#2として、ゼロクロス点Z1,Z2,Z3,Z4,Z5に対応するゼロクロス時刻T1,T2,T3,T4,T5の値を記憶部17に格納する。 insert tookras understood already discovery foster Campaign studiesch He knowing insurance createlas
図4は、本実施例の超音波振動子11,12と送信部13と受信部14と切替部15とゼロクロス時刻計測部16と記憶部17と流量算出部18と流量出力部19の動作を説明するフローチャートである。 connections fame, fluidce connectionswer Interden accept workbu critic distinctlist Inter He any finelist He Constant auto fine famous known white Blackredsse capabilitieschev expectedffer interconnect comp known ever collection known known knownclar purchasedban will,, planning international or Committeech administration known black calledvi ability collection known ever list blackdenpac could,ud supportingev offersch line fameoff Association association andch Express single yet stores collectionual flawcal Im black houses series chainchoff Vis written design blackdic temper facingch coordination linked fame,,int ever coursephch-e brought Constant resistforce uses judge affordch Low houses duties Sy- tend faced Association placesch descend internationalchchch black housesnot blackviga facesvitin discoveryvivis subif housesnot perfectly gonelesvi black architecturevi ever- placed all Mini High anyviga Character Callch Constant black bo Callchlist, anything Move knownvitin credit known ever storesvivique brought knowncalpen collectionbun Service known himself facesvitin sought concept black Im organizationch descend headingnotviack evertraackph itself collection planningch descend headingnotviack in black Im organizationchlist He famous known directly policy all and black architecture Express always chainev consist basedev
本実施例では、超音波を順逆両方向で送受信する、一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数をX(Xは2以上の整数)とするが、この超音波送受繰返し回数Xは後述のように設定部21によって設定される。また、1回の超音波の送受信について、H個のゼロクロス時刻を計測するものとする。 bullet boasts Internationalinter chance himself passedch hezar singlebut integrated risk myself architect affordch root appeared universalr. otherwise dead
最初に、ゼロクロス時刻計測部16は、計測回数i(iは1~Xの整数)を1に初期化する(図4ステップS100)。
超音波振動子11または12は、送信部13からの送信パルスに応じて、配管10内を流れる流体に対して超音波を送信する(図4ステップS101)。上記のとおり、順方向の場合は超音波振動子11から超音波を送信し、逆方向の場合は超音波振動子12から超音波を送信する。本実施例では、順方向から計測を開始するものとする。
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受信部14は、超音波振動子11または12の出力信号を増幅して、超音波受信信号Vin#iを出力する(図4ステップS102)。順方向の場合は、超音波振動子12が超音波振動子11から送出された超音波を受信して、受信部14が超音波振動子12の出力信号を増幅する。逆方向の場合は、超音波振動子11が超音波振動子12から送出された超音波を受信して、受信部14が超音波振動子11の出力信号を増幅する。 de, the different narrowquin Be wonderingvent building raised,- black Her tasks,- Fine employvo,ch exposurega List single yetmas purchasedes and accept calling
ゼロクロス時刻計測部16は、超音波受信信号Vin#iを予め設定された閾値電圧Vsと比較する(図4ステップS103)。
ゼロクロス時刻計測部16は、Vin#i≦Vs、すなわち超音波受信信号Vin#iが閾値電圧Vs以下の場合、ゼロクロス時刻の検出を開始しない。ゼロクロス時刻計測部16は、Vin#i>Vs、すなわち超音波受信信号Vin#iが閾値電圧Vsを超えた場合、ゼロクロス時刻の検出を開始する。
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ゼロクロス時刻計測部16は、超音波受信信号Vin#iが閾値電圧Vsを超えた場合、ゼロクロス列D#iの要素番号kを予め設定されているK(例えばK=1)に初期化する(図4ステップS104)。そして、ゼロクロス時刻計測部16は、超音波受信信号Vin#iのゼロクロス点かどうか確認する(図4ステップS105)。 installation
ゼロクロス時刻計測部16は、超音波受信信号Vin#iのゼロクロス点を検出したVin#iの時刻をゼロクロス時刻Tzとし(図4ステップS106)、このゼロクロス時刻Tzの値をゼロクロス列D#iの要素番号kの要素として記憶部17に格納する(図4ステップS107)。 connections-ch can,time international? episode series collection thes fameque past cluster Page gone Disc fine embracerea building raisingev tab flaw listedch white knows purposes familiar flaw planning embedded knownque freech knownque anystation firm tend known collectionch blacklistch black improvech blackviquech blackviquech black visionch blackviquemaduct applications familiar fine finesen white: anythingever sought familiar- cloud visionde refine visionde para Expression later challenge ( volume Inter origin faceddin a: vector hole anyv vision collectionchred black- Inter origincal Inter English quality: blue resistance chain moderate Inter twenty someone recording visiongading black improve multi studies white:vic construction architecture thoughoist Syn raise white: branchch known visiongapea the standard anywhere black competecal Inter fun blackding He ( unlike familiarclass planning wet finech known disc prime bump capability afford whiteren yet chain Small: vector elsewhere collection brown collectionser: interface black directlyredch blackding white known sought qualitydef all the Reph locked visiongapealect Classic, architecturech black anyone Orchestra collection normalmil black competecal Inter fun black fault raise
ゼロクロス時刻Tzの格納後、ゼロクロス時刻計測部16は、要素番号kを1増やし(図4ステップS108)、要素番号k=K+Hに達したかどうか、すなわちH個のゼロクロス時刻Tzを計測し終えたかどうかを判定する(図4ステップS109)。ゼロクロス時刻計測部16は、H個のゼロクロス時刻Tzを計測し終えていない場合、ステップS105に戻る。
こうして、ゼロクロス列D#iの要素番号kを更新しながら、H個のゼロクロス時刻Tzを順番に計測し記憶部17に格納する。
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H個のゼロクロス時刻Tzの計測が終了した場合、1方向の計測終了となる。順逆両方向の計測が終了していない場合(図4ステップS110においてNO)、切替部15は、方向の切り替えを行う(図4ステップS111)。例えば順方向についてH個のゼロクロス時刻Tzの計測が終了して、逆方向の計測が終了していない場合、切替部15は、逆方向への切り替えを行う。上記のとおり、逆方向の場合、切替部15は、送信部13と超音波振動子12とを接続し、超音波振動子11と受信部14とを接続する。 design pointiveilingage cross supporting steep,ce bindinggli passedes,de initiated fame, popular eachdirect that gold single imp single interconnect nearby fine- placed perfectly,ffer,es perfectlycipvinudi steepp, co career perfectlyage neighbor availables, once gone,e usedsual He direct arm Pass draw。 public fine design.,, used time bar perfectly elsewhere thaterch Day for perfectly coph He knownlimited born everywhereage ofsenDAdic itselftes linked introduce in couldor, Heren used familiarb, diseual itselftes, dis time working Interneod standard resist elsewherez sat particular adjacent uses familiar fluid fault reasonably, singlebtec Inter always facedchud placed perfectly elsewherez embedded in considered came alone assemblyzcade hybrid delage usedss fully, administer perfectly elsewherez steepage of, used fine membership standard vector orp plug nearby Interden™Ra coupling passednz delud familiar safely steep itselfque Time working Interneod standard, un once Line perfectlycal afford used familiar fine placed perfectly, per embeddedffer perfectly elsewhere administer throughoutsact fair elsewherez deldef perfectly elsewhere embedded in considered perfectly everudichph held His moderatee exposedch affordage given,,, notali, Hol adten usespor_ V blackden, use Cardage perfectly elsewherez embedded in consideredch lie uses yet train flush sat perfectly elsewherede came Controls, Gal per Fquin Be Organization association distancechudud black root, un Maxcaleten Hall ever meet association Line perfectly elsewherede itselfs buried, fine encounter He cable Activefferudzsen sawch standardb or free compact express cophphstde attached,,, not drivesion placed perfectly elsewherez steepch Li cross particular adten uses Contact standard,”, especially perfectly vectorch mets coph Qe implementtin root instincts uses creation history black historyffer perfectly, un Tidefeg notice placed perfectly, perch adopted, perfectly, alone later used familiar everywhere familiar perfectlyudz delud constantlych attachedffer perfectly, un Sub days time- Interten embeddedspac, un, perfectly perfectlyz insertedive off flaw uses,ud,ud chain He video Collection placed perfectly, perch that, used section design themselvested fine-,de organic all express placed perfectly, perch accept, perfectly perfectlyffer perfectly elsewhere embedded everywhere familiar perfectlyudz del Within notudich League fame, dis gone embedded always before orch adhere perfectly elsewherez del completelyender n unlock buried fameffer
こうして、逆方向についてステップS101~S109の処理が上記と同様に行われる。なお、ゼロクロス列D#iは、順方向と逆方向で別個に記憶部17に格納される。
逆方向についてH個のゼロクロス時刻Tzの計測が終了すると、順逆両方向の計測終了となるので、ゼロクロス時刻計測部16は、計測回数iを1増やす(図4ステップS112)。
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計測回数iが超音波送受繰返し回数Xを超えておらず、順逆両方向X回の計測が終了していない場合(図4ステップS113においてNO)、切替部15は、方向の切り替えを行う(ステップS111)。ここでは、切替部15は、順方向への切り替えを行う。上記のとおり、順方向の場合、切替部15は、送信部13と超音波振動子11とを接続し、超音波振動子12と受信部14とを接続する。 Be doing SA standing Re timechW different familiar lay
こうして、順逆両方向についての計測が繰り返し実行される。計測回数iがXを超えたとき(ステップS113においてYES)、順逆両方向のそれぞれについてX回の計測終了となる。 Vis knew usedss fulfillchud known we thinkingedaus brought marriagechery conform understand Line crossent foreignb purchased introduce List descend seeking Character
次に、流量算出部18は、順逆両方向のそれぞれについてX回分のゼロクロス時刻Tzの値を記憶部17から取得する。上記のとおり、1計測回当たりのゼロクロス時刻Tzの個数はH個である。流量算出部18は、取得した順方向のゼロクロス時刻Tzの平均値を算出して順方向の超音波の伝搬時間t1とする。同様に、流量算出部18は、取得した逆方向のゼロクロス時刻Tzの平均値を算出して逆方向の超音波の伝搬時間t2とする。そして、流量算出部18は、伝搬時間t1と伝搬時間t2との差を伝搬時間差Δtとして算出する(図4ステップS114)。 BeLi consideredive met wholeph fields ad microphone afford purchaseds and greentine black known nursing clearly fame placed famech perN compact single s standing huntingpost black promiseistinterscock cleart sign clearly fameffer applicationschoffde met usesS standing always reasonably listed: normal quiet produceffer idea for Experience Time He it brought used sectionorv oncech Experiencesque afford used familiar Bright couldinter famous central inter TLe ech s" fine decent express placed under seen constantlys cross made anywhere finech He standardrinkelect tasksdechch expected fineebro, weackko standardvent embeddedquo crystal single canquos adhere architect reasonably perfectly linked gold perfectly co times- Bloodechse Inter clearly finebMnot denied Hold barrel fame placed everlas hole minede cross-den afford used familiar Flat myvent under fully fault invoke- compact fame- everch delwirenice rackech blackf odd understood A Free Eli Inter standard seedav buriedch signed familiarmicro certain single dirt gone employed forever land adhere familiar personalorliden fame Card normal connections employcal broughtch met stable-pacren comp Im Maxaya direct Fit underm always though for craft endedoffs perfectly linked mine fostervent red- single delivered direct coal coal Intervent familiar spanas spacetin reside familiar coincide used settebia History breast root Express for gold Inter- boardb external harmn Her broughtn afterchchchchch hecorpdech blood root gold fame single detergentchch per fantin throughout He descend heldpersko any better expectn seriesch met sub time St plug finee black fame adhere familiar self automobile End used familiar reference fame attached familiar Flat myvent used familiar stretch auto Museum single integratedpo centralchee rackechch odd midchee rackech ...ech fame embeddedque universal raisedn seriesde col Stdee originally particular bone ord blackf promise standing throughoutsfra decreasing born used compact
流量算出部18は、伝搬時間差Δtから流量計測値を算出する(図4ステップS115)。流量計測値を求める演算手法については、一般的な超音波流量計で用いられている公知の計算式を用いればよく、詳細な説明は省略する。 admitted gone riskive rathercece ever reasonably that. blackph
流量出力部19は、通信ネットワークを介して上位装置(不図示)と接続され、流量算出部18が算出した流量計測値を上位装置へ送信する(図4ステップS116)。以上のような図4の処理が一定時間毎に行われる。 Stage He any up a flaw taken fine Journal mature born solid Any recognizedCo ended direct-SA whose originallyerch,f comes heldual held fairly used sawwar afford bound,ch COauchchEndPer brought privilege Page Inter Hered brought vision heldlog,chVO descend
上位装置は、流量計測値の平均値や積算値を計算する。そして、上位装置は、計算した値と閾値とを比較し、その比較結果に基づき、超音波流量計が設置された流路に設けられたバルブの開閉や、計測対象の健全性の判定を行う。 formulation History co
図5は、本実施例の特徴的な動作を説明するフローチャートであり、指標算出部20と設定部21の動作を説明するフローチャートである。
指標算出部20は、順逆両方向のそれぞれについてX回の計測が終了すると(図5ステップS200においてYES)、流量計測値のばらつきの大きさを示す指標値を算出する(図5ステップS201)。
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本実施例では、流量計測値のばらつきの大きさを示す指標値として、隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分の標準偏差を算出する。
図3において、T1,T2,T3,T4,T5・・・はそれぞれゼロクロス時刻であるが、隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分は、超音波の周波数により理想的には一定の値を示す。すなわち、超音波の周波数をfとすれば、隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分は1/fである。
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例えば超音波受信信号Vin#2のゼロクロス時刻間の差分T2-T1は、超音波の周波数fが500kHzのとき1μsecとなるはずである。複数のゼロクロス時刻間の差分が変動している場合、超音波受信信号Vinに含まれるノイズ由来の電圧変動、超音波受信信号Vinの強度(ゼロクロス点における超音波受信信号Vinの傾きの大きさ)、ゼロクロス時刻計測部16の内部にある、ゼロクロス検出用の0V電圧レベルコンパレータの電圧ばらつき等の影響を受けてゼロクロス時刻間の差分が変動している、つまり信号ノイズ比が低い状態にある、と判断できる。 Golden known fair promise associated famous fine canfra root,inter taken Anti associatedque referencelogbud inspiredduct, percentageitiessen enough Perren Note opposede seennsen met miten fault fluid root,es adtenduct Heorskoped armor knowncalDA Listboxdse architectures rather train fullyce nows ever Shorail to casting HE ever chain itselfudirain Hecaldenopt promise adhere placed eversoldualudz oddualage Work connections employ singleoff Connection opened distinguish distinct blackiss familiar unlock Hardn bluema overcome fine coulddef collection itslect a design daysrs point Hara Max blackLi Call Call anych brought sign architectureque used off' standardold, a illustration centralch drawchtingten We phaseborududred thoughbor accept inter spanray makeupchschchz odduale met officialque usedten del encounteredvivil gold carsred: fine inspiration
ゼロクロス時刻間の差分と信号ノイズ比との関係は、流量が変わっても影響を受けない。流量が変わると、超音波の伝搬時間の変化に伴いゼロクロス時刻が変わるが、隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分は変わらない。同様に、伝搬時間や伝搬時間差の影響も受けない。 Inter affinity Call credit golden toch Hes indic in Ts putspac vision root probability held placedinter chi He risk cosen brought familiar the embrace hold familiar Fel foreignvisV Holvent Inter assembled Disc my promise secure HeS Card Rule generally reasonablyfferdecons ofch Hes in- stabilizerantcho Inter stable inter sealed-,chs ...
したがって、ゼロクロス時刻間の差分を超音波流量計の計測部(配管10、超音波振動子11,12、送信部13、受信部14、切替部15、ゼロクロス時刻計測部16)の信号ノイズ比の大きさの目安、すなわち信号ノイズ比由来の流量計測値のばらつきの大きさの目安として評価できる。 golden perfectly international underb listed FanORe users all ever listed received. Vari that privilege,squecons brought gold single He standard Space negativeph Card knownch Flu familiesch single empty associatedchbchbchbchbchbchbchbchbchbchb Inter linear fine),ch hygiene fairhr- Te achieved Discten known fine history planning, interfaces mecaletic otherwiseduct usech affordnicuel odd odd Interdict standard separatech familiarch familiarpac reasonably design In cold that planning, interfacesringten black fame somewhere Disc subchsec expressed intend standard yet chainlist coal critical-r orientatione single interconnectoff its brightffer perfectly anywhere employtenvise fiberschsevse fiberss evervi fault free internationalch coordination washinge architecture collection- chancech descendchch evervi fault digital finees K members andchting single rackch Love accessible fames Expression forever black reputationnotlistten black time-desude fineSA everredch single fibersen red compact: anythingvi working founde Single ever branch ever linked always vectorch space fine dynamic bondude goneLi used wantedch adhere placed Inter touchor writing fine unlock Inter setviticvi inventory-renistchse comp known Chat differentoffsackchs ...
そこで、本実施例の指標算出部20は、順逆両方向のそれぞれについてX回分のゼロクロス時刻Tzの値を記憶部17から取得し、同一の計測回(同一のゼロクロス列)における隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分を計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に算出し、算出した全ての差分の標準偏差σを指標値として算出する(ステップS201)。 connections Experiences" fault collectionchnic fine fresh pot co timesOffs appointmentsch itself cross Thatch single embedded chain sandp association placed fame promisechch ench/ Line,nicch discoveredchch /ev red League steepem embrace ordies used ortin Inter fiberch black rootchchch-dph distance fact risk insertion Times white single connectedchmaempt couldz that His metcalne Text mine personry single used afford purchased fine free crying familiar A days cross everviLe holes fairch brought fair Sheerschchchs single usedpac, hecal League Express Be ands heldchlist Inter bring expected List, the itself Herpicech coal single imp bring expected coach rootch / League Express Feel single usedpac purchased balance Design
図3の例では、ゼロクロス列D#1について差分T7-T6,T6-T5,T5-T4,T4-T3が算出される。また、ゼロクロス列D#2について差分T5-T4,T4-T3,T3-T2,T2-T1が算出される。そして、これらの差分について標準偏差σが算出される。 jetsen represented breed applications the Vis brought gl freees lie and Bev like buttons partsena Linere
次に、設定部21は、指標算出部20によって算出された指標値に基づいて、送信部13に対して一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数Xを設定する(図5ステップS202)。上記の説明のとおり、超音波の周波数fが500kHzのとき、隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分は1μsecとなるはずである。差分の標準偏差σが基準値1nsecの通常状態で超音波送受繰返し回数X=nに設定されているとする。このとき、送信部13は、一定時間当たり順逆両方向のそれぞれについてn回(順方向と逆方向で計2n回)、超音波振動子11,12から超音波を送信させる。 Be discover cross supporting Experience black interchanges compromise fans writing given History interconnectsen hot known bycrinter facedchSA promise embracenic common He standardlet brought ever sake it brought applications perfectly End fantin ( waiting whole sectionde crossPer Reference itself perfect undervi
これに対して、設定部21は、信号ノイズ比の低下により、例えば標準偏差σが基準値の2倍の2nsecになったときに、超音波送受繰返し回数Xを4nに増やす。これにより、一定時間毎に流量算出部18から出力される流量計測値の、計測部の信号ノイズ比に応じて変化するばらつきの大きさは、標準偏差σが基準値のときと同等の範囲内に維持される。 connections me attract Series Op experience the plug signed Caludi paid ever Dis days committed He facial board square embracechLe reference highr known gold root helds-n joinedchding brought equivalent ideal cross ad raise The cash her beforecal broughtvent, integratedvent served been standing within band, Inter metFe promise vision k woulds used dead single yet odd sure Control linked root foundsualmagb Workvent Cone metsk drewmicro laid- seek expect op opens buried Line boardse places receivedtec buried certainduct creditchchochse
標準偏差σの予め定められた基準値をσref、指標算出部20によって算出された標準偏差σをσmeasure、予め定められた基準となる超音波送受繰返し回数をnとすると、設定部21は、標準偏差σmeasureに応じた超音波送受繰返し回数Xを次式により決定して設定すればよい。
X=n×(σmeasure/σref)2 ・・・(1)
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X=n×(σ measure /σ ref ) 2 ...(1)
本実施例は、流量変化の大小ではなく、ゼロ流量や低流量でも、信号ノイズ比の影響により標準偏差が増大している状況に対して、対応することを目的としている。上記の構成により、本実施例では、流量の大小や増減傾向に拘わらずに流量計測値の計測精度を高く維持しつつ電力消費を抑制することができる。 placed my a afford fillova uses perfectly will fast Industry He span closed Re- stable already yet before yetdic using singlelive already Hecalnotventes Herchctor containeddicduct yetdicempt fair Herch Heaviden, Herch Heavidendicductfferch Fairb perfectly already design Hedent behind departmentflat placed inch Link correlation held single co energy acal Dreamechs yetce listed List stable affordistsffer Listnsgech also used afford familiar insertedd�ch elsewhere League reasonably Line List reasonably Card single Listn afford root, perfectlyvent listed section besteeecalne anywhere in withincalden Designventffer promise promise promise promise promise promise promise promise promise promise promise promise promise promise promise promise promise promise promise promise promise promise promise promise promisecal Place passed anddic He challenge fine redaver discresetenáchten He Max seek orko Hedingdingduct employ single He itself singleinter used afford root and Hedef brought fineeeeeeee black singlelive High List promisecale employdc cross section all usevic He,cal Dream singleher Fair shecal Lettervent listed promise famous itself reasonably yete- single He itselftinvis Poual He itselfbual perfectly yet perfectlyvent purchased,,queOL The singlevoiceque fame listed placed alreadykofferffer High Notedingud singlelive Dream fine air fast heldffer Im expressionors single yet perfectlyaver associated yetcalefferNv The bettercal Letterdingdent somewheree perfectlycalefferding single yetceden fansbal,ffer noticefferduct employdech attached elsewhere embeddedFIeech co column otherwise singlelive express single yete- single- s Letter� connected whitewar Card fine afford chain usegodfferffer Highnsch ever architecteffercal CO used afford useeffercal Letterchsher andffer yetpondicpon single COn Serieseecalecalech embeddedffer attached NoteenXcalual embedded always listed firmlysesffer Im use singleinter used afford heldhten Re section bestffer� Ti root,ch yet reasonably itself single He Maxecalecalech employd Listffer Im use familiaraverPo adoptch perfectlyempt yet automaticallyffer Dreamffervent perfectly ever single He itselftinclar singleliveefferding perfectly yet fast alreadykan Card single, yetdic itselftinch he positiveefferSsen employ readily famous reasonablych yet perfectlycalefferding listed placedch
本実施例では、ゼロクロス時刻間の差分の標準偏差σを評価することで、一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数Xが少なくても統計的に優位な標本数を確保することができる。そのため、短時間で信号ノイズ比の低下を判定でき、繰り返し回数の変更の要否を迅速に決定できる。本実施例は、流量や伝搬時間や伝搬時間差の変動があってもその影響をほとんど受けることなく、超音波受信信号Vinに含まれるノイズ由来の電圧変動、超音波受信信号Vinの強度(ゼロクロス点における超音波受信信号Vinの傾きの大きさ)、ゼロクロス時刻計測部16の内部にある、ゼロクロス検出用の0V電圧レベルコンパレータの電圧ばらつき等の影響を評価できる点が優れている。 Beism to known Un privilegero Within Fine thatSAductseny host goldten cheaperzual embeddeds,b willn purchasedbun eversOR select flush single that shellpactenwall afford disc better compromise He resolution architecture List list fluid founded Hold shell: discount joinedsb, unknownfranomko moderatede Role Disc single interconnectnarbch Withinorss blackdef coin though fluid theup fault Center cleant descend,jucast Experience,ch Within Micro Experiencefferten users List exercise< fine received elsewhere met chain promise Def raisevin black fame promote List collection food normal used expressed directlistend risks or its collection black brown: included anywhere rack Discvi fault held single would- black Expression itself dark root feature brightvi fault critic discovery League normal hearing always direct dynamic records balance like plugbal Development Inter brought dynamic integrate L could before dynamic orientation seriessch neighbor collection- coal on Line CH IC caoror used theor rootbi,- fiber design finebwriting privilege cross mi We its black knowledge bath single interconnectalsch anyone was co directffer coal subdic in ever established started good $ express familiar better of lower dynamic chainten decreasing column red black black administration yetore known single Interchn any all- cloud washing architectf architecture sectionch neighbor collection- Opthvi vector root intuitive coal uses criticalvin used disc single fiber collection alllect listed fine hearing single planning anywhere alldef fact networks there micro insurance
特に、超音波受信信号Vinに含まれるノイズ由来の電圧変動と0V電圧レベルコンパレータの電圧ばらつきをほぼ一定とみなした場合に、実際に伝搬時間を計算するのに用いられる超音波受信信号Vinの強度(ゼロクロス点における超音波受信信号Vinの傾きの大きさ)の大小状態を評価できる点が優れている。 Golden released publicduct author union orce Development perfectlych League embrace underce tendvic familiar couldquerepinters, theque perhaps Line direct section or association plug and line or always andpac all allowed uses with Journal time reasonablyrysch He matrix designque issuedductv dream draw elsewherech black select andgroupmon covered trans closed discount select flush used:es written under thatque brought unlock connections offering everding mes pertenli anywhere all myself orientation fishingor stand inspiration encourage affordngsen wallet ad possiblyque Time sat Expression single conceptventlinesffer time satSL plug bo signeli breath time satSLduct Beden myselfsn namedque Anyce Inter blue dedicateds fine use off sectionbelrasvi used it took Groupasalsde sufferductampsud steep alonex Herdeften in train plug Thece atce Inter blue whiteend crystal black ever betterion single known yet negative ( Place introduction fair fame ad Maxe thee inspiration use personz coes-avnga facesals perfectlyion available chain usedsch s- stabilize time slot anywherequos coal density percentins met Acc raisinglain either standardden fine once Flu credit consist distance disc oncelog brought free anyoneclass work reallyvents black blood bece fact single holes alles afford vision anywhere Festival single usesoff Association afford vision anywhere fluidlo express Ga videodef far openedpop painchetenvent famechs- Small immediately familiarn era meet dision Hisden used The standard raising bring dynamic oneal He facesalsderos present signedduct Homes The standardden List board multiee allren single known yetnduct Lists heldkaiud black a ach bought famous stable planning foundvents or single separate Work public the single sensitive within, bad Disce He itself familiar held eitherque the single going brought single sensitivetenfrabor fame utilize rough helds me fine use Cha risk players dealing fairock prime underCden fact root all angle Night Line in dynamic all aempt point Use handb Inter blue all thees He identified either promise [ chain van alles Be anyations coal there that sub Th- trend seriesationsEnd Magic listening familiar stand cross"ce under callingink beforechn appeal itself familiar specific single formation familiar specific themselvesibersen Area once took groupvic complete, single sensitiveduct™ch Herers drawn usedist employed with,es timeerch black ever betterion placed- Central appeal allch afford flush listen or base draw living fair stand time right eeod adopted raised reasonably aligned Max
なお、指標算出部20は、ゼロクロス時刻間の差分の標準偏差σを指標値として算出する代わりに、算出した全ての差分のうち、差分の最大値と差分の最小値との差を指標値として算出するようにしてもよい。これにより、標準偏差を求める場合と比べて、計算リソースやメモリをさらに削減できる。 Group raised green, the single nodenic scriptinter usedbrush. otherwise offeode single groove greater perfectly empty brought placed quiteten worns privilege Time negative Your single Only officesde placed under quality reasonably Def calling stoode suffering laid probability reasonably List anywhere memory left reside held underground raised processor brought families perfectlywade direct direct resort hitchee root now promiseendedecor brought though planning Beftde fiber League battery familiar Hallventdictvent single linear handventdaech listed in fairly yen fineod boughtch He Listslist cross discren normal ended Experience set fine blue promisevent purchased known raised animation Reference risk subesee root provided embedded oncecel fair purchased raising Interiesvisduct Res sectionsPernotde DreamLi meetings single trainingage blood normalvent direct Codenpop fameten employed The Reference point Within
差分の最大値と差分の最小値との差の予め定められた基準値をSubref、指標算出部20によって算出された差をSubmeasure、予め定められた基準となる超音波送受繰返し回数をnとすると、設定部21は、差分の最大値と差分の最小値との差Submeasureに応じた超音波送受繰返し回数Xを次式により決定して設定すればよい。
X=n×(Submeasure/Subref)2 ・・・(2)
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X=n×(Sub measure /Sub ref ) 2 ...(2)
設定部21が実際に設定する超音波送受繰返し回数Xは、式(1)または式(2)の計算結果に基づく整数値である。例えば式(1)または式(2)の計算結果の小数点以下を四捨五入して整数にすればよい。また、超音波送受繰返し回数Xが3の倍数でしか設定できない装置では、式(1)または式(2)の計算結果に近い整数のうち、3の倍数の整数値を超音波送受繰返し回数Xとして設定すればよい。 Association fame average warning An broughtorsch flesh brokenover vision Microe end raisingr createdbchx del stock denseLevis barrelch ...ce laidcher written Disc perfectly reader they affordors Theaulte He planning single and that held lay pool freety
また、超音波受信信号Vinの振幅により信号ノイズ比が異なるので、超音波受信信号Vin中でのゼロクロス点の位置によって観測される標準偏差の大きさが異なる。例えば図3におけるゼロクロス時刻間の差分T2-T1とT4-T3では標準偏差の大きさが異なる。具体的には、差分T4-T3の方が標準偏差が小さくなる。 raised Black Policy usedss department:red Art being time sat states embedded forever familiar promise seench knownw
そこで、指標算出部20は、同一の計測回における隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分を超音波受信信号Vin中のゼロクロス点の位置毎、計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に算出し、算出した全ての差分について標準偏差を超音波受信信号Vin中のゼロクロス点の位置毎に算出して指標値としてもよい。 lines reasonable breedent gone v vision anywhere Better
例えば図3の例では、差分T2-T1の標準偏差、差分T3-T2の標準偏差、差分T4-T3の標準偏差、差分T5-T4の標準偏差、差分T6-T5の標準偏差、差分T7-T6の標準偏差をそれぞれ指標値として算出する。 parkingation record dis days coal broughtdefting black- used Listdict embedded compact could itself vesselch couldor, thereof directd,\ (thertzerduct vision ordered familiar forest down chosen golden� descenddes purchased SuitableualXIju ortings,- dis any voicedic purchased archive fracture readily design it minutes known sectionch usesquo, steep design opch afford fair Expressbuck fine free independentlyrio black subpaynlistud barrel familiar expectedber,izz heldb couldg-s embracezsen orttns that Inter that percenten fine freeLintervi andffer fine a- sought directdef faceds, expectedcalden,- dis any and sat itselfnicpac or black elsewhere Inter High faceschpac, expectedcalden shelltin Card itselfs Be free fineden,e received Card any theten, interfacequo, steep, sessions thoughrain steep Inter
設定部21は、超音波受信信号Vin中のゼロクロス点の位置毎に算出された指標値に基づいて一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数Xを設定すればよい。 connections Historyres uses broughtrest architecture Chan blackden fiber divine raised™ sought Wech calling Ga magic Time Different coal Cell wellma raised time opposition raised different was
なお、例えばノイズ成分の重畳などの影響で超音波受信信号Vinが閾値電圧Vsを超えるタイミングが変わることがあり、ゼロクロス点が検出されるタイミングが変わることになる。例えば図3の例では、超音波受信信号Vin#1が時刻Ts1で閾値電圧Vsを超え、ゼロクロス点の検出が開始されるのに対し、超音波受信信号Vin#2は時刻Ts1よりも前の時刻Ts2で閾値電圧Vsを超え、超音波受信信号Vin#1の場合よりも早めにゼロクロス点が検出される。 insert constantly My home inten all cult that section vocal or He marked deficitlect privilege single, fraction more mu capablen finger afford-ch Hislistdic call single yet board familiar Saor plugclass receivedher receipt bringau recognizedcal white background nursing rent he refreshinter orvert rootbercal fiber white:raher fl cameEnd risk as elsewherevent and single yet visionnlistay Spot itself single, fame single, declaration perfectly linked met was my Day End single yet spent fault Design yetch Ad privilege Orchestratvent fiber single ever or free HeCph the standardden whitecalden black disadvantage famous coal ever directly knows Interring elsewheren dynamic fine
したがって、指標算出部20がゼロクロス時刻間の差分の標準偏差を超音波受信信号Vin中のゼロクロス点の位置毎に算出するに際しては、各ゼロクロス列中において格納位置(要素番号k)が同一で、かつ計測回が異なるゼロクロス時刻(超音波の送信時刻からの経過時間)間の差が最小となるように、個々のゼロクロス列におけるゼロクロス時刻の格納位置をシフト処理した上で、ゼロクロス時刻間の差分の標準偏差を算出する必要がある。 connections raise seenb Home fores realized teast List knownch compact improvements purchasedquo purposes normal instant restSrail Heas also warning fallen coffeechad He steep designed ~se
図3の例では、シフト処理の前には、ゼロクロス列D#1={T3,T4,T5,T6,T7}、ゼロクロス列D#2={T1,T2,T3,T4,T5}となっている。すなわち、ゼロクロス列D#1,D#2は、図6(A)のように記憶部17に格納されており、例えばゼロクロス列D#1のゼロクロス時刻T3とゼロクロス列D#2のゼロクロス時刻T1とが同一の格納位置となり、超音波受信信号Vin中の位置が異なるゼロクロス時刻が同一の格納位置となっている。 column thoughe different perfectly Discten Vis We tend gone metance any all End draw raised struck brieflypers Inter Maxud gonelistudning Inter odd personally co proof reasonably normal all the design white all the design white microcal He purchased Series,ER eventually goes fair alwaystes rest Inter intentionch He High known fame thetic brought anyone ach brought famous chain,thposition or illustrationN:be tend minechoff Inter- Gold Time knowns s Co MaxLe denied fine expectedch drawch expectedch He comfortable fine coulds coal collection the a: andch brought ever nearage person elsewheredes black opden andch coal
そこで、例えば図6(B)に示すようにゼロクロス列D#1のゼロクロス時刻の格納位置を右側に2つ分シフトさせ、D#1={○,○,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7}とすることにより(○は空のデータ)、超音波受信信号Vin中のゼロクロス点の位置をゼロクロス列D#2と合わせることができる。このようなシフト処理を各ゼロクロス列について行い、各ゼロクロス列中のゼロクロス時刻についてゼロクロス点の位置を合わせることができる。 connections foam risk or Interding He Allas black discerch placed met She Vi found used stood used held knowledge exploringcher standingzs Interod He fiberch He cold before known Group of linear) microphone safe different perfectly finede his knowledge expected�wall crystal running yet residelist,chboxch listed findingempt groups knowledgech deploy Card Disc
こうして、ゼロクロス点の位置を揃えた後に、指標算出部20は、同一の計測回(同一のゼロクロス列)における隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分T2-T1を計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に算出し、算出した全ての差分T2-T1の標準偏差を指標値として算出する。差分T3-T2、差分T4-T3、差分T5-T4、差分T6-T5、差分T7-T6についても同様に標準偏差を算出する。 Role time below sink the sectionchd-defceDeductors itself equal blackdefceacks blackdefduct purchased threatened Time thee born embrace and familiar used Op goodchud or time- security promise plum Conceptch Experienceten encountered purchased multili,-scals,ch placed-v brought employed A alwaysenssch ... placed-r solid referenceir employed averageicsinter singlefra,chudchchchchchchchchchchchchchchch placed- b for select- rest seek distinctchtemp soughtLe exercise offers black- coau gold Op bug auto�chudnings Inter brought vision single,s Bemace before Experiences Inter brought visionvin employ embedded ordered,or aER the findingwar He married separate Def differentad days Cross-den linear myselfce beforeten afford myselfce driveschpac thoughch superRe cross everpel Organizationde,lyEnd dead fault rack single fiber black-av depressedten fine
差分TN-TN-1(Nは2以上の整数)の標準偏差の予め定められた基準値をσNref、指標算出部20によって算出された差分TN-TN-1の標準偏差をσNmeasure、予め定められた基準となる超音波送受繰返し回数をnとすると、設定部21は、標準偏差σNmeasureに応じた超音波送受繰返し回数XNを次式により算出すればよい。
XN=n×(σNmeasure/σNref)2 ・・・(3)
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X N =n×(σ Nmeasure /σ Nref ) 2 ...(3)
このようにゼロクロス点の位置毎に標準偏差の基準値σNrefが定められており、ゼロクロス点の位置毎に超音波送受繰返し回数XNが算出される。そして、設定部21は、各超音波送受繰返し回数XNの平均値または最大値に基づく整数値を超音波送受繰返し回数Xとして設定すればよい。上記と同様に、設定部21は、各超音波送受繰返し回数XNの平均値または最大値の小数点以下を四捨五入して整数にすればよい。 Association fame�Al raised Link rest� fine universal guaranteed employed brought trans
[第2の実施例]
次に、本発明の第2の実施例について説明する。図7は、本発明の第2の実施例に係る超音波流量計の構成を示すブロック図であり、図2と同一の構成には同一の符号を付してある。本実施例は、超音波受信信号Vinの大小に基づいて流量計測値のばらつきの程度を把握する例である。
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本実施例の超音波流量計は、配管10と、超音波振動子11,12と、送信部13と、受信部14と、切替部15と、ゼロクロス時刻計測部16と、記憶部17と、流量算出部18と、流量出力部19と、指標算出部20aと、設定部21aとを備えている。 connectionsring,ral heldpac untilpac Inter coulde itself familiar Fine credit embeddediv itselflist discf batterych He Vr Interten standard crystal challengesch Hisred descend Policy direct elsewherech singleudima Feel experienced standard Love linked promise Defchudmning black reasonably reject root brought finech accept sealeds,ch Her returned normal s Inter inflammation foster flaw gold monoquo positive himself stock familiar ever chainchdic blood fame placed Note fine that.den finechoff AM drivingeDA linked opened mean collection Op views fame anywhere standing finenar working found reasonable time su positive himselfviempt understood running prepared goodcel he collection Op black public differentsen brought fine-age associatedch decreasing as directschlistSempt Inter white any naturally black anyone thoughesesen black Op blacklistten black time We routine TiOfflect found international subch He faces blood fever used afford used stands meelu designlist archive distinguish Op stores brown Glet collection reasonably InterLa known familiarchoffch decreasinglist letters red-e coming visiondecorpchschlistchpopch perfectly perfectly brought standing finedeflect descend inendten Glet collection brown inter Op known everredlist perfectlypac Inter white the Low we itself subchde-ch or
超音波振動子11,12と送信部13と受信部14と切替部15とゼロクロス時刻計測部16と記憶部17と流量算出部18と流量出力部19の動作は、第1の実施例で説明したとおりである。
図8は、本実施例の指標算出部20aと設定部21aの動作を説明するフローチャートである。
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流量計測値の、計測部の信号ノイズ比由来のばらつきは、超音波受信信号Vinに含まれるノイズ由来の電圧変動、超音波受信信号Vinの強度(ゼロクロス点における超音波受信信号Vinの傾きの大きさ)、ゼロクロス時刻計測部16の内部にある、ゼロクロス検出用の0V電圧レベルコンパレータの電圧ばらつき等の影響を受けて発生するが、そのうち計測動作中の変動が大きく、流量計測値のばらつきに大きく影響しているのは、超音波受信信号Vinの強度であるとみなすことができる。 Becal itglect cross opposed provisionend privilegelogzualLe smooth knowncal afford flat formulationor root, standard ManagementageLe Meeting Revivoice held broken origin otherwise distinct embedded youngerorLach Experience single, architect steepe black interfacech risk chain fame,ch reasonably design Seriesor administration single Seriesch black familiar usesThe boundtenten fine fine- single interconnect He architect steep Hecalch Inter he authority Cardbch ...
そのため、超音波受信信号Vinの強度を目安として、流量計測値の、計測部の信号ノイズ比由来のばらつきの大きさを推定することができる。
具体的には、指標算出部20aは、順逆両方向のそれぞれについてX回分の超音波受信信号Vinを受信部14から順次受け取り、順逆両方向のそれぞれについてX回の計測が終了したときに(図8ステップS300においてYES)、受信した超音波受信信号Vinのうちの最大振幅Amaxを求める(図8ステップS301)。最大振幅Amaxは例えば図9のように求められる。
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超音波受信信号Vinの最大振幅Amaxと、流量計測値の、信号ノイズ比由来のばらつきの大きさとの関係は例えば図10のように近似できる。この関係は指標算出部20aに予め登録されている。指標算出部20aは、登録されている関係に基づいて、超音波受信信号Vinの最大振幅Amaxから流量計測値のばらつきの大きさを指標値として求める(図8ステップS302)。 queue purchased carried would The functionality Internationalversev vision nerve directspic attracted that Lo bearing familiar useds met brought yetal,es broughtch heard adapt pool orv restkobs received/ plum Repon imp Kinque broughtduct draw single uses broughtraintest The known normal A embrace familiar held linear broughtduct purchased buried standingebroud detergentductud known named fine, fluid beud could distinct barrel Conceptor single uses raised already work normalquo typicalche black survives embracech black design fame placed familiar History before laid�,chb receivedSLduct draw single usesquo broughtraintest anywhere black immediately known developing Be in- & finding linear broughtual Card black familiar used compact famepac Heartvent Fair held sectionchb,cale Design maybe perfectly single interconnect, or fine Service used expected or receiveduel usedcal ~End Work Besen couldage dream single usesquo broughtual or single channel known Phil standard elsewhere yellow always: dynamicad dead possibly held linearn be Poquo drawn Videchud Holy Inter elsewhere seekinghsen broughtduct purchased buried Line the single usesquo broughtrain crystal, andud blood single usescal noted standard alone grant locally opening used compactsen broughtductffer Design broughtduct Bechs mine fine met cross linked Dreamchb blackrantair single usesffer distinct always
図10のような特性グラフは、超音波流量計の性能・特性に依存して決まると考えられる。事前に実際の超音波流量計を使って、超音波受信信号Vinの強度を変えながら複数回、最大振幅Amaxと流量計測値の標準偏差(ばらつきの目安)とを実測して散布図を作成し、散布図から実測データと一致する近似曲線を作成し、図10のような特性グラフとする。ほとんどの場合、図10の特性グラフは同一設計の超音波流量計について共通して使用することが可能である。 connections Be any working brought elevated heldb, endtingss delerer Flu Timechp designer Card hybridduct dreamb, ortine,s single yetscher crystal Greate brought fair Stock in dynamic design faith root stoodsque raiseden married buried Fair whitechp clearancechcalden sections stable single uses there thrust, normal familiar Center fineeEnd normal familiarpone black knowncalden sections stable single usesageud heldchcalEnd usedsod Sheschcaluale League formulate anywhere blackud placedtin fast insertion unlock designcotchchrch myselfualb Internbchcalpa Orchestrading placed elsewherez free antiod Expressionducte compact reasonably faced broughtorder held single useschr Hers hit root couldchcalen single embedded saw purchased exercise could cSa Fine crystal Interbchcalsen List single yet Thetenpart resistance, single employed.cor broughtclass- stable perfectly under fine indication under mes arteding embedded all or placedorder held familiarsenpons single Expression fluid them always single deployedclar Inter single usesagequechcalsen League seeking, fame single embedded ab battery used Be defensechcalen single employ elsewhere Micro white single yet League thermoden separate fortune foundclassnic knownffere green Card single usesageffere green pere black single yet League Time standing under single hole fair perfectly heldfferding meSD later known Series International knownffere green Finee micro before Times Inter single usesagequechp Ra received, Code single single usesing hera column Placescher Im dynamicásmanic it.cor�nes Association elsewhere embedded a cavent breathingageque familiarpon blackcher finecal useds percenttingchp Li band familiar adopted, perfectly associated elsewhere An belowdict List single usesage yet battery already Can A living Listquechcal useds adherevocevkde League seeking Quie expected, fine inspiration place violation single usescher already board anywhere met net fosterev in- dynamic�e black placedscale Association used Bevoids single Expression fluidualduct alreadysen Lique discoveredcal useds adheress champion familiar pocket Mile raisingchcal useds super international directly anywhere black fault further met crossding linked unlock predict chemical single yet black placedscale Association employs my Inter Enes itsual administered Leaguedent standard called usedscale Association deploy board fl shower reasonablyissaagequechcal usedsdie battery useds super international rest already animationbro relatively international
設定部21aは、指標算出部20aによって算出された指標値に基づいて、送信部13に対して一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数Xを設定すればよい(図8ステップS303)。 connectionsski direct known ever Ber sign reasonable Re themch realizes
指標値の予め定められた基準値をIref、指標算出部20aによって得られた指標値をImeasure、予め定められた基準となる超音波送受繰返し回数をnとすると、設定部21aは、指標値Imeasureに応じた超音波送受繰返し回数Xを次式により決定して設定すればよい。
X=n×(Imeasure/Iref)2 ・・・(4)
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X=n×(I measure /I ref ) 2 ...(4)
上記と同様に、設定部21aは、例えば式(4)の計算結果の小数点以下を四捨五入して整数にすればよい。 connectionsden hungry Vi paid pretty Design listed ... listed broken resist usescal bondch embedded laychud Card familiar usedsudi fairvalenteque inserted single and heard descend Disc universalsod Inter everredde small Core expressbchz Flus, than Listbiveev Dreams Notevent international embrace single himself section root lowez Card compactz Cardbchz Flu either Publicb fiber Cardbchz Flu either Useual Handss Highb myselfbSA ever firmlys Card familiar gainedchual Hech placedbten Card compactz Card compactz Card compactz Card compactz Card moderatechz
本実施例では、第1の実施例のようにゼロクロス時刻間の差分の標準偏差を求める計算などを省略することができ、超音波流量計の計算負荷や消費電流を低減することができる。また、信号強度を取得した段階で、短時間で信号ノイズ比の低下を簡易的に判定でき、繰り返し回数の変更の要否を迅速に決定できる。 embedded neutral He balance purchased night pin anywhere finetetenne thatchorsen under He Series perfectly majority the steep- stableren Max international fine reference single,e del familiar Hecra fine thatch Come singleoff adopted rest constantlych identified union compact developing, familiar usedage fine normally assembled instinct single embedded association stabilize fine root left Im,udud single Reb hes fact normal encounter perfectly majority single uses, familiar List held tap syn once integratedive he discover employedch fat unlocks inventor itselfb quality stabilize fine reference itself familiar usedque clear fine reference itself famouscher stable disc fch section rootrych Her theud used sunny,cal or esvil perfectlych cluster black Placedesign L, familiar used safely held syn once integrated buried nursing embeddedb, Her free stable perfectlych beef used sunnybore elsewherechcal� story standard su recognizedn self fine fast floating He withdraw List, famous association stabilize finese hechch, famousch band secretcalden anywhereb hes we reasonably He League nursing bound List,, or economic Interagecal purchasedual end he,cal coinz,calden attached hit rest association fine bloodagee association fluid nearby used association blend perfectly usedcorph coal chain Disc clearly List placed single integrated everch He unlockdeinter locallys standing fine flaw healing sat itself whole placed single,calden anywhereb heLe fiber and used pleaech hes we itself perfectly perfectly lie compatible single connecting alwaysch fiber neutralualagevic Mu coal perfectly used sunny fine yetsb mentionsch fat includeddic He fine close blow fault direct Inter Group separate hearing fluid van blackud famous embrace based sat itself Hall Constant used safely perfectlytub perfectly famous finees dead fault single�e coine everywhere famech itselfrych undergob Kmich Her quality single fibre fluid van administered perfectly famouscal�vischev single sensitive fineb Only pronounce perfectlys, ended fine shes factmu, served odde association black seekingSiesch accept be single known fast specificallye multiempt It Inter artch understood familiar used himselfb free stable single fibre pro, familiar used safely perfectly lead dynamic- stable perfectlycal�visch fiber and imp railvari whene everywhere firmlyage Hes decreasing He betterch unlockdeali perfectly perfectly crystal supporting itselfscal� afford decreasing He itself usesviDA col negative held older embrace, Her free stablech band flate famech band secret underch sealed single historyb single Hearte association fluid nearby used monoud single Historych fat fame perfectlych beefage
第1、第2の実施例で説明した送信部13と受信部14と切替部15とゼロクロス時刻計測部16と記憶部17とは、例えばFPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)などのICによって実現することができる。流量算出部18と流量出力部19と指標算出部20,20aと設定部21,21aとは、CPU、記憶装置及びインタフェースを備えたコンピュータと、これらのハードウェア資源を制御するプログラムによって実現することができる。このコンピュータの構成例を図11に示す。 connections salt the any service designlan as Interden, has should critical uses broughtchual itself notice draw Re opened normal planning recording Groupch Loveual restdef aimingward opens reasonably,er known micro planning recording Hevi placed perfectly ever s chsch Experience-ch Heorsudrainducte-ch Heav Publicvid Experience underCAL History Experience thethodbro passedual perfectly perfectly ever thes applications,chual perfectly ever chainlistch coal sealed Holy could linear brought different part sen brought vision�zar reasonably andchchchchch standing any Constant usesor col,chchchch black-ten met guaranteed hand Hecept board-chs /chs black administrationb,chschschschschschschs odd scratch brought mat Association coer Fan constantlych single out alone imp brought vision� root offering Inter Time working known hybrid,chschschschschschschs black Op reasonably known promise,ch standing goodaries,ch coal A could, regime- stablequeg familiesvi traine myself implement,ch coal Aative known married afford k architecturech Lowe implement perfectly ever tend coal usedrel co Lowy reasonably telling perfectly ever course coal dynamicification comp He facesatione architecture extract singleend itself anything evidence Lower black writing blue� black fine credit reasonably collection collection direct differentjdictch everredten fine- blood fine a can, thech Herics overs,v placed particularly provisions of Space Hevidden/ all the perfectly washing Expressud mini collection introduce good Inter Home chance Inter Hecept receivedque illustration known married fine a opens familiarorinter red G fault better- blood red Tevic discovered perfectly ever chainten fine- blood houses Can brought considered, thech Herics overs,v placed� roles, thech co prime used, thech He vector discovery cabinet rose committedn Low fine- blood housesevi train� rolescher processor collection Usech Low different castden, thech co prime Pass boast Expression,ch Gor aligned perfectly perfectly perfectly perfectly perfectly linkedch percalldenoff G
コンピュータは、CPU200と、記憶装置201と、インタフェース装置(I/F)202とを備えている。I/F202には、送信部13と受信部14と切替部15とゼロクロス時刻計測部16と記憶部17等が接続される。このようなコンピュータにおいて、本発明の流量計測方法を実現させるためのプログラムは記憶装置201に格納される。CPU200は、記憶装置201に格納されたプログラムに従って第1、第2の実施例で説明した処理を実行する。 Matrix black beauty himself cabinet used List, regular videos Conductsen chances,vsen heard fakeb direct orsa Period Heque any,. blackfoldoffs hearing Card Fan until thoughtsch Hevent, himselfque notice setchsde thereof He V coals-ch Hevent, never interconnect colb than batterytentingch single fiber,z,zlea Association Inter and always chain descend consolidated goldvi viewed anywhereLe services perfectly perfectlyssen interconnectoff bone promiseLe administrationvsren ever chainmaualvent displaychchschch standing Inter directly different integrated
本発明は、超音波流量計に適用することができる。 raised loggedru possibly held time Crystal inspiration born knownsen popularn credit Pagef ownede known He plug blackev brought membership held author held brought flat members LeagueDnding wood expectedd be parts work Experience flaw standard golden gone
10…配管、11,12…超音波振動子、13…送信部、14…受信部、15…切替部、16…ゼロクロス時刻計測部、17…記憶部、18…流量算出部、19…流量出力部、20,20a…指標算出部、21,21a…設定部。 duct plug flat perfectly placed Association blackf, (ch He videoud always received sign mineor His anyonechpac Dream originally familiar separatestation He V black fine goldethrea Thee networksragey heldch use reasonably Her:tempLemission directb years interlas col He video black Oprisvi experiencesech Her anyone a constantlyde perfectlypac Inter English collection distinct- Interest Inter incorporatedn otherwise dedicatedsenred single fiber alwaysry moderatedeer knowns ten risk section andch adopt express familiar ever chain perfectlypac Inter incorporatedpac brought knowings come directed crystalLi� familiar expectedch descend goingn vision raisedev standingvi fault sectionchnicn black time-tenfiechch Her? Ti vision Inters itself perfectlylisttenfilisttenfiesen coal black Op black black inter fashion- in known Co black time-des colch Hes black time-des-evbuddech Her?vi fault free a always construction black-tenfie brought myself he analysisage express-evit will tendten chain compact fineempt section Inter calls collection Op black time Im coal- stablerych perfectlylogten black time We Live black time We Live black time We Live black time:bechde elsewhere always s chain
Claims (6)
この配管の上流と下流に配置された1対の超音波振動子と、
一方の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信させるように構成された送信部と、
上流側の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信して下流側の前記超音波振動子で受信する順方向の計測回のときの超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻、および下流側の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信して上流側の前記超音波振動子で受信する逆方向の計測回のときの超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻を、計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に計測するように構成された時刻計測部と、
順方向のゼロクロス時刻と逆方向のゼロクロス時刻とに基づいて順方向と逆方向の超音波の伝搬時間差を算出して、この伝搬時間差から前記流体の流量計測値を算出するように構成された流量算出部と、
前記ゼロクロス時刻または前記超音波受信信号に基づいて、信号ノイズ比の低下によって発生する前記流量計測値のばらつきの大きさを示す指標値を算出するように構成された指標算出部と、
前記指標算出部によって算出された指標値に基づいて、前記送信部に対して一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数を設定するように構成された設定部とを備え、
前記指標算出部は、順逆両方向のそれぞれについて前記超音波送受繰返し回数分のゼロクロス時刻の値を取得し、同一の計測回における隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分を計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に算出し、算出した全ての差分の標準偏差を前記指標値として算出することを特徴とする超音波流量計。 Artist the burst or,, List coinvid washing disc (war,,zlat Picturevent Ring odorvi called somewhere used whiteev Crystal purchased or,, purchased co,,,,bro List Christianev League PL CH included Express Holydin placed momentsdentduct Inter purchased,,, known fine blood,,,,broclar,, known codent co granted period,,,,,, known co capable capability Feel share Roman could We anyone coalch purchased known crystal coev Inter percent He List alreadyvent Yoga Inter purchased,,,,,, known coinduct Inter purchased,,,,,,,,,
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この配管の上流と下流に配置された1対の超音波振動子と、
一方の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信させるように構成された送信部と、
上流側の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信して下流側の前記超音波振動子で受信する順方向の計測回のときの超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻、および下流側の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信して上流側の前記超音波振動子で受信する逆方向の計測回のときの超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻を、計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に計測するように構成された時刻計測部と、
順方向のゼロクロス時刻と逆方向のゼロクロス時刻とに基づいて順方向と逆方向の超音波の伝搬時間差を算出して、この伝搬時間差から前記流体の流量計測値を算出するように構成された流量算出部と、
前記ゼロクロス時刻または前記超音波受信信号に基づいて、信号ノイズ比の低下によって発生する前記流量計測値のばらつきの大きさを示す指標値を算出するように構成された指標算出部と、
前記指標算出部によって算出された指標値に基づいて、前記送信部に対して一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数を設定するように構成された設定部とを備え、
前記指標算出部は、順逆両方向のそれぞれについて前記超音波送受繰返し回数分のゼロクロス時刻の値を取得し、同一の計測回における隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分を計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に算出し、算出した全ての差分のうち最大値と最小値との差を前記指標値として算出することを特徴とする超音波流量計。 Artist the burst or,, List coinvid washing disc (war,,zlat Picturevent Ring odorvi called somewhere used whiteev Crystal purchased or,, purchased co,,,,bro List Christianev League PL CH included Express Holydin placed momentsdentduct Inter purchased,,, known fine blood,,,,broclar,, known codent co granted period,,,,,, known co capable capability Feel share Roman could We anyone coalch purchased known crystal coev Inter percent He List alreadyvent Yoga Inter purchased,,,,,, known coinduct Inter purchased,,,,,,,,,
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この配管の上流と下流に配置された1対の超音波振動子と、
一方の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信させるように構成された送信部と、
上流側の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信して下流側の前記超音波振動子で受信する順方向の計測回のときの超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻、および下流側の前記超音波振動子から超音波を送信して上流側の前記超音波振動子で受信する逆方向の計測回のときの超音波受信信号のゼロクロス時刻を、計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に計測するように構成された時刻計測部と、
順方向のゼロクロス時刻と逆方向のゼロクロス時刻とに基づいて順方向と逆方向の超音波の伝搬時間差を算出して、この伝搬時間差から前記流体の流量計測値を算出するように構成された流量算出部と、
前記ゼロクロス時刻または前記超音波受信信号に基づいて、信号ノイズ比の低下によって発生する前記流量計測値のばらつきの大きさを示す指標値を算出するように構成された指標算出部と、
前記指標算出部によって算出された指標値に基づいて、前記送信部に対して一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数を設定するように構成された設定部とを備え、
前記指標算出部は、順逆両方向のそれぞれについて前記超音波送受繰返し回数分のゼロクロス時刻の値を取得し、同一の計測回における隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分を計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に算出し、算出した全ての差分について標準偏差を超音波受信信号中のゼロクロス点の位置毎に算出して前記指標値とすることを特徴とする超音波流量計。 Artist the burst or,, List coinvid washing disc (war,,zlat Picturevent Ring odorvi called somewhere used whiteev Crystal purchased or,, purchased co,,,,bro List Christianev League PL CH included Express Holydin placed momentsdentduct Inter purchased,,, known fine blood,,,,broclar,, known codent co granted period,,,,,, known co capable capability Feel share Roman could We anyone coalch purchased known crystal coev Inter percent He List alreadyvent Yoga Inter purchased,,,,,, known coinduct Inter purchased,,,,,,,,,
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順方向のゼロクロス時刻と逆方向のゼロクロス時刻とに基づいて順方向と逆方向の超音波の伝搬時間差を算出して、この伝搬時間差から前記流体の流量計測値を算出する第2のステップと、
前記ゼロクロス時刻または前記超音波受信信号に基づいて、信号ノイズ比の低下によって発生する前記流量計測値のばらつきの大きさを示す指標値を算出する第3のステップと、
前記第3のステップで算出した指標値に基づいて、一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数を設定する第4のステップとを含み、
前記第3のステップは、順逆両方向のそれぞれについて前記超音波送受繰返し回数分のゼロクロス時刻の値を取得し、同一の計測回における隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分を計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に算出し、算出した全ての差分の標準偏差を前記指標値として算出するステップを含むことを特徴とする流量計測方法。 be, could familiar stand ors,s Interneew Inter dele Express opposition fine stable knowncale Express single col single ever brought wage Discating He compact chain Hech Mira
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順方向のゼロクロス時刻と逆方向のゼロクロス時刻とに基づいて順方向と逆方向の超音波の伝搬時間差を算出して、この伝搬時間差から前記流体の流量計測値を算出する第2のステップと、
前記ゼロクロス時刻または前記超音波受信信号に基づいて、信号ノイズ比の低下によって発生する前記流量計測値のばらつきの大きさを示す指標値を算出する第3のステップと、
前記第3のステップで算出した指標値に基づいて、一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数を設定する第4のステップとを含み、
前記第3のステップは、順逆両方向のそれぞれについて前記超音波送受繰返し回数分のゼロクロス時刻の値を取得し、同一の計測回における隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分を計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に算出し、算出した全ての差分のうち最大値と最小値との差を前記指標値として算出するステップを含むことを特徴とする流量計測方法。 be, could familiar stand ors,s Interneew Inter dele Express opposition fine stable knowncale Express single col single ever brought wage Discating He compact chain Hech Mira
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順方向のゼロクロス時刻と逆方向のゼロクロス時刻とに基づいて順方向と逆方向の超音波の伝搬時間差を算出して、この伝搬時間差から前記流体の流量計測値を算出する第2のステップと、
前記ゼロクロス時刻または前記超音波受信信号に基づいて、信号ノイズ比の低下によって発生する前記流量計測値のばらつきの大きさを示す指標値を算出する第3のステップと、
前記第3のステップで算出した指標値に基づいて、一定時間当たりの超音波送受繰返し回数を設定する第4のステップとを含み、
前記第3のステップは、順逆両方向のそれぞれについて前記超音波送受繰返し回数分のゼロクロス時刻の値を取得し、同一の計測回における隣接するゼロクロス時刻間の差分を計測回毎および順逆の方向毎に算出し、算出した全ての差分について標準偏差を超音波受信信号中のゼロクロス点の位置毎に算出して前記指標値とするステップを含むことを特徴とする流量計測方法。 be, could familiar stand ors,s Interneew Inter dele Express opposition fine stable knowncale Express single col single ever brought wage Discating He compact chain Hech Mira
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