JP7612350B2 - 成形puフォーム物品 - Google Patents
成形puフォーム物品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7612350B2 JP7612350B2 JP2020122829A JP2020122829A JP7612350B2 JP 7612350 B2 JP7612350 B2 JP 7612350B2 JP 2020122829 A JP2020122829 A JP 2020122829A JP 2020122829 A JP2020122829 A JP 2020122829A JP 7612350 B2 JP7612350 B2 JP 7612350B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- foam
- molded
- mattress
- formula
- hydrogen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 title claims description 142
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 129
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 78
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 47
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 47
- -1 aminopropyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000001412 amines Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical group N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004103 aminoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 28
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 24
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 21
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 13
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 7
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 5
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012973 diazabicyclooctane Substances 0.000 description 5
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003190 viscoelastic substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 4
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M (z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O POILWHVDKZOXJZ-ARJAWSKDSA-M 0.000 description 3
- XZOYHFBNQHPJRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methyloctanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCC(O)=O XZOYHFBNQHPJRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- PWEVMPIIOJUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyltin Chemical compound C[Sn]C PWEVMPIIOJUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920006294 polydialkylsiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005956 quaternization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 3
- RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dimethylpiperazine Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)CC1 RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RKMGAJGJIURJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine Chemical compound CC1(C)CCCC(C)(C)N1 RKMGAJGJIURJSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QWGRWMMWNDWRQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(C)CO QWGRWMMWNDWRQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004114 Ammonium polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 description 2
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XQBCVRSTVUHIGH-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dodecanoyloxy(dioctyl)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC XQBCVRSTVUHIGH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019826 ammonium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001276 ammonium polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 2
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]CCCC AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATLPLEZDTSBZQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L dioxido-oxo-propan-2-yl-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound CC(C)P([O-])([O-])=O ATLPLEZDTSBZQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004872 foam stabilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEAZEPMQWHPHAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,n',n'-tetramethylbutane-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCCN(C)C VEAZEPMQWHPHAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012454 non-polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZUFQCVZBBNZMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O ZUFQCVZBBNZMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003586 protic polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013558 reference substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-QJWNTBNXSA-M ricinoleate Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-QJWNTBNXSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940066675 ricinoleate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IUTCEZPPWBHGIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(2+) Chemical compound [Sn+2] IUTCEZPPWBHGIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005628 tolylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KVMPUXDNESXNOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(1-chloropropan-2-yl) phosphate Chemical compound ClCC(C)OP(=O)(OC(C)CCl)OC(C)CCl KVMPUXDNESXNOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006078 metal deactivator Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052914 metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940050176 methyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012022 methylating agents Substances 0.000 description 1
- CSHCPECZJIEGJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltin Chemical compound [Sn]C CSHCPECZJIEGJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003455 mixed metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013518 molded foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- DTKANQSCBACEPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n',n'-bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-n,n-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCN(CCCN(C)C)CCCN(C)C DTKANQSCBACEPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXXWBTOATXBWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,n',n'-tetramethylhexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCCCCN(C)C TXXWBTOATXBWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWIVICVCHVMHMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-aminoethylmorpholine Chemical compound NCCN1CCOCC1 RWIVICVCHVMHMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BMGNSKKZFQMGDH-FDGPNNRMSA-L nickel(2+);(z)-4-oxopent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound [Ni+2].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O BMGNSKKZFQMGDH-FDGPNNRMSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002903 organophosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethyldiethylenetriamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)CCN(C)C UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRCNQQRRDGMPKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-2,4-dione;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(=O)CC(C)=O.CC(=O)CC(C)=O PRCNQQRRDGMPKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003017 phosphorus Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium formate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=O WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VAKMIIPDYZXBEV-DPMBMXLASA-M potassium;(z,12r)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O VAKMIIPDYZXBEV-DPMBMXLASA-M 0.000 description 1
- QCVVTFGMXQFNJW-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;7,7-dimethyloctanoate Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O QCVVTFGMXQFNJW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XWJWRUYIKNLZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;7-methyloctanoate Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O XWJWRUYIKNLZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003140 primary amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003334 secondary amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003463 sulfur Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M thioglycolate(1-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012974 tin catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXZWODMDQAVCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(II) chloride (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Sn+2] AXZWODMDQAVCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005829 trimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HQUQLFOMPYWACS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate Chemical compound ClCCOP(=O)(OCCCl)OCCCl HQUQLFOMPYWACS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(O)=O AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009461 vacuum packaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DJWUNCQRNNEAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc acetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O DJWUNCQRNNEAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- IFNXAMCERSVZCV-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O IFNXAMCERSVZCV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WNBIEHBTBOSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(C)CC(C)(C)C.[O-]C(=O)CC(C)CC(C)(C)C WNBIEHBTBOSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LFOXXKXKYHIANI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;7,7-dimethyloctanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(C)(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O.CC(C)(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O LFOXXKXKYHIANI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;octanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B31/00—Packaging articles or materials under special atmospheric or gaseous conditions; Adding propellants to aerosol containers
- B65B31/02—Filling, closing, or filling and closing, containers or wrappers in chambers maintained under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure or containing a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas
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- C08G18/244—Catalysts containing metal compounds of tin tin salts of carboxylic acids
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08J2375/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2483/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2483/10—Block- or graft-copolymers containing polysiloxane sequences
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Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
Description
ここで式(1a)及び(1b)は次のように定義される:
Xは、酸素、窒素又はアミン(NR3又はNR3R4)、特に酸素を表し、
Yは、アミンNR8R9又はエーテルOR9、特にアミンNR8R9[式中、R8=メチル及びR9=アミノプロピルである]を表し、
R1,2は、1~8個の炭素原子を有する同一又は異なる炭化水素基、フェニル、シクロヘキシル又は水素、好ましくはメチル、エチル、イソプロピル又は水素、特に好ましくはメチル又は水素、特にメチルを表し、
R3~9は、1~8個の炭素原子を有する同一又は異なる炭化水素基であり、任意にNH若しくはNH2基、フェニル、シクロヘキシル又は水素を有することができ、好ましくはメチル、エチル、イソプロピル、アミノアルキル又は水素、特に好ましくはメチル、アミノプロピル又は水素、特にメチル又はアミノプロピルを表し、
m=1~4、好ましくは2及び3、特に2であり、
n=2であり、
i=0~3、好ましくは0、1及び2、特に1であり、
但し、基X、Y又はR1~9のうちの少なくとも1つは、ポリウレタンマトリックスと反応性である官能基、好ましくはイソシアネート反応性官能基、特に好ましくはNH又はOHを有することを条件とする]、
Xは、酸素、窒素、ヒドロキシル、アミン(NR3又はNR3R4)又は尿素(N(R5)C(O)N(R6)又はN(R5)C(O)NR6R7)、特に尿素(N(R5)C(O)N(R6)又はN(R5)C(O)NR6R7)又は窒素を表し、
Yは、アミン(NR8R9)又はエーテル(OR9)、特にアミン(NR8R9)[式中R8及び9=メチルである]を表し、
R1,2は、1~8個の炭素原子を有する同一又は異なる炭化水素基であり、任意にOH基、フェニル、シクロヘキシル又は水素を有することができ、好ましくはメチル、エチル、イソプロピル、-C2H3(OH)CH3、-C2H4OH又は水素、特に好ましくはメチル、-C2H3(OH)CH3、-C2H4OH又は水素、特にメチル又は水素を表し、
R3~9は、1~8個の炭素原子を有する同一又は異なる炭化水素基であり、任意にOH若しくはNH/NH2基、フェニル、シクロヘキシル又は水素を有することができ、好ましくはメチル、エチル、イソプロピル、-C2H3(OH)CH3、-C2H4OH、アミノアルキル又は水素、特に好ましくはメチル、-C2H3(OH)CH3、-C2H4OH、アミノプロピル又は水素、特に水素又はメチルを表し、
m=1~4、好ましくは2及び3、特に3であり、
n=3であり、
i=0~3、好ましくは0、1及び2、特に1又は2であり、
但し、基X、Y又はR1~9のうちの少なくとも1つは、ポリウレタンマトリックスと反応性である官能基、好ましくはイソシアネート反応性官能基、特に好ましくはNH又はOHを有することを条件とする]、成形PUフォーム物品、好ましくはマットレス及び/又はクッションを提供する。
(a)第1工程では、少なくとも1つの式(1a)の化合物及び少なくとも1つの式(1b)の化合物[ここで(1a)及び(1b)は各々上に定義したとおりである]と、少なくとも1つの発泡剤との存在下で、少なくとも1つのポリオール成分と少なくとも1つのイソシアネート成分との反応によって、成形PUフォーム物品が提供され、
(b)任意の後続工程では、得られた成形PUフォーム物品を任意に更なる加工に供して、当該物品を適用のために準備してもよく、
(c)最終工程では、成形PUフォーム物品(任意に適用のために準備した)を、その出発体積を基準にして少なくとも20%、好ましくは少なくとも30%、特に少なくとも60%圧縮し、任意に真空パックして、補助的手段、特に包装手段によって圧縮形態に維持し、保管及び/又は輸送へと送る、
方法を提供する。
軟質ポリウレタンフォームの物理的特性:
製造した軟質ポリウレタンフォームを、以下の物理的特性a)~g)に従って評価した:
材料は、当該材料から気体放出可能な有機物質の種類及び量に関して特徴付けされる。この目的のために、2つの半定量的経験値を決定して、揮発性有機化合物の放出(VOC値)及び更には凝縮性物質の割合(フォギング値)を推定する。個々の放出物質も決定される。この分析では、試料を熱抽出し、放出物をガスクロマトグラフィーによって分離し、質量分析法によって検出する。このようにして得られたVOC画分の全体的濃度を、トルエン当量に算術変換し、結果としてVOC値を得る;FOG分率はヘキサデカン当量で表され、FOG値を得る。
試験片:試料調製、試料採取、及び試料寸法:
フォームを離型した後、21℃及び相対湿度約50%で24時間保管する。次いで、型成形品の試料を、(冷却した)成形品の幅全体に均一に分布した適切かつ代表的な部位で採取する。次いで、このフォームをアルミニウム箔で包み、ポリエチレンバッグ内に封入する。
脱着管に導入されるフォーム試料の量は、各々の場合に10~15mgである。
封入した試料を、受領後直ちに直接測定に送る。分析開始前に、試料を化学天秤で0.1mgの精度で秤量し、対応する量のフォームを脱着管の中央に入れる。ヘリウム流を試料上に流し、試料を90℃で30分間加熱する。全ての揮発性物質を、液体窒素で冷却したコールドトラップに回収する。30分後、コールドトラップを280℃に加熱する。蒸発物質を、上記のガスクロマトグラフィーカラムを用いて互いに分離し、次いで、質量分析法により分析する。
目的:
本試験は、ロール状に巻かれたマットレスの状態を実験室でシミュレートすることを目的とする。これには有意義な業界標準が存在しないことから、マットレスフォームのロール巻きを小スケールでシミュレートする新たな試験を開発した。
12cm(幅)、16cm(長さ)及び2.5cm(厚さ)の寸法を有する試験片を、手動発泡したフォームブロックから、例えば帯鋸を用いて切り取る。手動発泡したフォームブロックの中央の位置を選択する。試験片は、製造中のフォームのライズ方向が試験片の長さ及び幅に対して直角となるように切り取る。試験片に、フェルトペンでマークを付ける。
試験片の12cmの縁部を直径5~8mmの細い金属棒で圧縮する。次いで、手で、フォームの試験片をこの金属棒の周りに巻き付ける。フォームをしっかりと圧縮し、直径約3~4cmのロールを形成する。このロールを手動でこの圧縮状態に保持し、ボール紙の筒の中に完全に入れる。ボール紙の筒は、内径4cmで、長さが少なくとも13cmである。ロール状のフォームが筒に完全に挿入されると、直ちに金属棒を取り除く。取り除く際の摩擦を最小限に抑えるために、フォームを巻く前に金属棒にわずかにグリースを塗ってもよい。その後、フォームは筒内部に充満する。フォームの圧縮は、筒の縁部よりも中心部の方がはるかに激しい。次いで、ロールを、制御された一定条件下(温度:21℃、周囲湿度:60%)で7日間保管する。168時間後、フォームを筒から手で取り出し、平面上に置いて、フォームがロールから展開するのを観察する。フォームの膨張は、妨害又は影響を受けてはならない。
フォームを、10分間放置して膨張させる。次いで、試験片を評価する。最も重要な判定基準は、フォームが元の厚さを完全に復元するか、あるいは(特により激しく圧縮された端部で)なおも圧縮ゾーンを有するか、という点である。場合によっては、圧縮で生じた溝が試験片の表面上に依然として見られる。低評価の試験片は、終了時にロール状のままである。膨張後の試験片にわずかな屈曲があるのは普通であり、評価で考慮されない。評価には、以下の等級を使用した:
+++:試験片が完全に展開され、圧縮線又は圧縮された外観が全くなく、膨張が急速に起こり、5分後にすでに完了している。
++:試験片は、全ての部位で2.5cmの厚さを回復している。10分後に、表面に目に見える凹み及び溝が残っていない(特に、より激しく圧縮された端部で)。
+:試験片は、全ての部位で2.5cmの厚さを回復している。しかし、表面に目に見える凹み及び溝がわずかに残っている(特に、より激しく圧縮された端部で)。
0:試験片は、より厳しく圧縮された端部でわずかな圧縮を示す。その部分の厚さは2.0cmを超えるが2.5cm未満である。この端部に凹みがはっきりと見える。
-:試験片は、より厳しく圧縮された端部でわずかな圧縮を示す。その部分の試料厚さは1cmを超えるがまだ2.0cmより明らかに小さい。
--:試験片は、より厳しく圧縮された端部で激しい圧縮を示す。その部分の試料厚さは1cm未満である。試料はこの端部でまだ初期のロール状である。
---:試験片は、より激しく圧縮された端部においてロール状で圧縮されたままである。
評価は、好ましくは少なくとも2名によって実施される。結果を文書化する。本発明に関連して、評価は、一貫性のある結果に達した4名によって実施した。
試験では、試験片の正しい寸法及び均一なロール巻きを確実としなければならない。フォーム試験片は、一定のセル構造パラメータ、すなわち、特に一定のセルサイズ及び一定の空気透過性を有しなければならない。グリースが試料に浸透しないよう、金属棒のグリースはつけすぎないようにしなければならない。一定の保管条件を維持しなければならない。様々な評価等級を付与された試験片を比較に利用できる状態を保たなければならない。
2名以上での評価による試験の性能は、通常は一貫性のある判定をもたらす。2連での測定も、通常は同じ結果が得られた。したがって、試験は非常に信頼できることが証明されている。
実施例1:軟質ポリウレタンフォーム(軟質スラブストックフォーム)の製造
式(1a)及び(1b)の本発明の化合物の性能試験を、表3に示すフォーム配合物を使用して実施した。
Claims (14)
- 成形ポリウレタン(PU)フォーム物品、好ましくはマットレス及び/又はクッションであって、前記ポリウレタンフォームが、少なくとも1つの式(1a)の化合物及び少なくとも1つの式(1b)の化合物と少なくとも1つの発泡剤との存在下で、少なくとも1つのポリオール成分と少なくとも1つのイソシアネート成分との反応によって得られることを特徴とし、
前記成形PUフォーム物品が、その出発体積を基準にして少なくとも20%、好ましくは少なくとも30%、特に少なくとも60%圧縮され、圧縮された形態を補助手段、特に包装手段によって、少なくとも20時間維持することを特徴とし、
ここで式(1a)及び(1b)は次のように定義される:
Xは、酸素、窒素又はアミン(NR3又はNR3R4)、特に酸素を表し、
Yは、アミンNR8R9又はエーテルOR9、特にアミンNR8R9[式中、R8=メチル及びR9=アミノプロピルである]を表し、
R1,2は、1~8個の炭素原子を有する同一又は異なる炭化水素基、フェニル、シクロヘキシル又は水素、好ましくはメチル、エチル、イソプロピル又は水素、特に好ましくはメチル又は水素、特にメチルを表し、
R3~9は、1~8個の炭素原子を有する同一又は異なる炭化水素基を表し、任意にNH若しくはNH2基、フェニル、シクロヘキシル又は水素を有することができ、好ましくはメチル、エチル、イソプロピル、アミノアルキル又は水素、特に好ましくはメチル、アミノプロピル又は水素、特にメチル又はアミノプロピルを表し、
m=1~4、好ましくは2及び3、特に2であり、
n=2であり、
i=0~3、好ましくは0、1及び2、特に1であり、
但し、基X、Y又はR1~9のうちの少なくとも1つは、ポリウレタンマトリックスと反応性である官能基、好ましくはイソシアネート反応性官能基、特に好ましくはNH又はOHを有することを条件とする]、
Xは、酸素、窒素、ヒドロキシル、アミン(NR3又はNR3R4)又は尿素(N(R5)C(O)N(R6)又はN(R5)C(O)NR6R7)、特に尿素(N(R5)C(O)N(R6)又はN(R5)C(O)NR6R7)又は窒素を表し、
Yは、アミン(NR8R9)又はエーテル(OR9)、特にアミン(NR8R9)[式中R8及び9=メチルである]を表し、
R1,2は、1~8個の炭素原子を有する同一又は異なる炭化水素基を表し、任意にOH基、フェニル、シクロヘキシル又は水素を有することができ、好ましくはメチル、エチル、イソプロピル、-C2H3(OH)CH3、-C2H4OH又は水素、特に好ましくはメチル、-C2H3(OH)CH3、-C2H4OH又は水素、特にメチル又は水素を表し、
R3~9は、1~8個の炭素原子を有する同一又は異なる炭化水素基を表し、任意にOH若しくはNH/NH2基、フェニル、シクロヘキシル又は水素を有することができ、好ましくはメチル、エチル、イソプロピル、-C2H3(OH)CH3、-C2H4OH、アミノアルキル又は水素、特に好ましくはメチル、-C2H3(OH)CH3、-C2H4OH、アミノプロピル又は水素、特に水素又はメチルを表し、
m=1~4、好ましくは2及び3、特に3であり、
n=3であり、
i=0~3、好ましくは0、1及び2、特に1又は2であり、
但し、基X、Y又はR1~9のうちの少なくとも1つは、ポリウレタンマトリックスと反応性である官能基、好ましくはイソシアネート反応性官能基、特に好ましくはNH又はOHを有することを条件とする]、
成形PUフォーム物品、好ましくはマットレス及び/又はクッション。 - 前記PUフォームが、特に熱硬化性の軟質ポリウレタンフォーム、低温硬化性軟質ポリウレタンフォーム又は粘弾性の軟質ポリウレタンフォーム等の軟質ポリウレタンフォームであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の成形PUフォーム物品、好ましくはマットレス及び/又はクッション。
- 前記軟質ポリウレタンフォームにおいて、DIN EN ISO 8307:2008-03に準拠して測定された反発弾性率が1~80%、及び/又はフォーム密度が5~150kg/m3及び/又は気孔率が任意にフォームを押潰した後に1~250mm水柱、特に1~50mm水柱である、請求項2に記載の成形PUフォーム物品、好ましくはマットレス及び/又はクッション。
- 前記軟質ポリウレタンフォームにおいて、DIN EN ISO 3386-1:2015-10に準拠するCLD40%の圧縮強度が0.1~8.0kPaである、請求項2~3のいずれか一項に記載の成形PUフォーム物品、好ましくはマットレス及び/又はクッション。
- 前記軟質ポリウレタンフォームが熱硬化軟質ポリウレタンフォームであり、好ましくは、DIN EN ISO 3386-1:2015-10に準拠するCLD40%の圧縮強度が2.0~8.0kPa、及び/又はDIN EN ISO 8307:2008-03に準拠して測定された反発弾性率が15~60%、及び/又はフォーム密度が8~80kg/m3、及び/又は気孔率が1~250mm水柱、特に1~50mm水柱であることを特徴とする、請求項2~4のいずれか一項に記載の成形PUフォーム物品、好ましくはマットレス及び/又はクッション。
- 前記軟質ポリウレタンフォームが低温硬化性軟質ポリウレタンフォームであり、好ましくはDIN EN ISO 3386-1:2015-10に準拠するCLD40%の圧縮強度が2.0~5.0kPa、特に2.5~4.5kPa、及び/又はDIN EN ISO 8307:2008-03に準拠して測定された反発弾性率が≧55%、及び/又はフォーム密度が25~80kg/m3、及び/又は気孔率が、好ましくはフォームを押潰した後に1~250mm水柱、特に1~50mm水柱であることを特徴とする、請求項2~4のいずれか一項に記載の成形PUフォーム物品、好ましくはマットレス及び/又はクッション。
- 前記軟質ポリウレタンフォームが粘弾性の軟質ポリウレタンフォームであり、好ましくはガラス転移温度が-20℃~+15℃、及び/又はDIN EN ISO 3386-1:2015-10に準拠するCLD40%の圧縮強度が0.1~5.0kPa、特に0.5~3.0kPa、及び/又はDIN EN ISO 8307:2008-03に準拠して測定された反発弾性率が<10%、及び/又はフォーム密度が30~130kg/m3、及び/又は気孔率が、好ましくはフォームを押潰した後に、1~250mm水柱、特に1~50mmであることを特徴とする、請求項2~4のいずれか一項に記載の成形PUフォーム物品、好ましくはマットレス及び/又はクッション。
- 前記成形PUフォーム物品が、高さが少なくとも1cm~50cm以下、幅が少なくとも20cm~300cm以下、好ましくは少なくとも70cm~200cm以下、長さが少なくとも20cm~300cm以下、好ましくは少なくとも150cm~220cm以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の成形PUフォーム物品、好ましくはマットレス。
- 前記成形PUフォーム物品が圧縮され、かつ好ましくは真空パックされた状態であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の成形PUフォーム物品、好ましくはマットレス。
- ロール状マットレスであることを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の成形PUフォーム物品。
- 少なくとも20時間の期間にわたる圧縮後の成形PUフォーム物品の寸法復元を改善するための、少なくとも1つの式(1a)の化合物と少なくとも1つの式(1b)の化合物との組み合わせ[ここで(1a)及び(1b)は各々請求項1に定義したとおりである]の使用であって、前記成形PUフォーム物品が、少なくとも1つの式(1a)の化合物及び少なくとも1つの式(1b)の化合物の存在下、少なくとも1つの発泡剤の存在下で、少なくとも1つのポリオール成分と少なくとも1つのイソシアネート成分との反応によって得られる、使用。
- 成形PUフォーム物品、好ましくはマットレス及び/又はクッションを保管するため及び/又は輸送するための方法であって、
(d)第1工程において、少なくとも1つの式(1a)の化合物及び少なくとも1つの式(1b)の化合物[ここで(1a)及び(1b)は各々請求項1に定義したとおりである]と、少なくとも1つの発泡剤との存在下で、少なくとも1つのポリオール成分と少なくとも1つのイソシアネート成分との反応によって、成形PUフォーム物品が提供され、
(e)任意の後続工程において、得られた前記成形PUフォーム物品を任意に更なる加工に供して、前記物品を適用のために準備してもよく、
(f)最終工程において、前記成形PUフォーム物品(任意に適用のために準備したもの)を、その出発体積を基準にして少なくとも20%、好ましくは少なくとも30%、特に少なくとも60%圧縮し、任意に補助的手段、特に包装手段によって真空パックし、圧縮された状態で保管され、圧縮形態に維持し、保管及び/又は輸送のために送る、
方法。 - 少なくとも20時間の期間にわたった圧縮後の寸法復元が改善され、特に放出特性が改善された、(好ましくは圧縮された)マットレス及び/又はクッションを提供するための、マットレス及び/又はクッション、特にマットレスにおける軟質ポリウレタンフォームの使用であって、前記軟質ポリウレタンフォームが少なくとも1つの式(1a)の化合物及び少なくとも1つの式(1b)の化合物[ここで(1a)及び(1b)は各々請求項1に定義したとおりである]の存在下で、少なくとも1つのポリオール成分と少なくとも1つのイソシアネート成分との反応によって入手される、使用。
- 少なくとも1つの式(1a)の化合物及び少なくとも1つの式(1b)の化合物[ここで、(1a)及び(1b)は各々請求項1に定義されるとおりである]と、任意にグリコール、ポリエーテル及び/又はPUフォーム製造の目的に適したその他の溶媒と、を含む混合物であって、前記式(1a)及び(1b)の化合物を溶解した形態で又は溶媒と組み合わせて使用する場合、又は前記式(1a)及び(1b)の化合物と追加触媒との予め混合した触媒の組み合わせを溶解した形態で又は溶媒と組み合わせて使用する場合において、全触媒の合計量の溶媒に対する質量比は、好ましくは100:1~1:10、より好ましくは50:1~1:5、更に好ましくは25:1~1:4である、混合物。
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