JP7606822B2 - 多層滑り軸受けエレメント - Google Patents
多層滑り軸受けエレメント Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7606822B2 JP7606822B2 JP2020082239A JP2020082239A JP7606822B2 JP 7606822 B2 JP7606822 B2 JP 7606822B2 JP 2020082239 A JP2020082239 A JP 2020082239A JP 2020082239 A JP2020082239 A JP 2020082239A JP 7606822 B2 JP7606822 B2 JP 7606822B2
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- weight
- copper
- plain bearing
- layer
- bearing element
- Prior art date
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 150
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 150
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 121
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 120
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 120
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 196
- 239000012791 sliding layer Substances 0.000 description 43
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical class [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000897 Babbitt (metal) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- VAKIVKMUBMZANL-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron phosphide Chemical compound P.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] VAKIVKMUBMZANL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 3
- BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper monosulfide Chemical class [Cu]=S BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001996 bearing alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002482 Cu–Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RIRXDDRGHVUXNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[P] Chemical compound [Cu].[P] RIRXDDRGHVUXNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003483 aging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZDVYABSQRRRIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;iron Chemical compound [Fe]#B ZDVYABSQRRRIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001609 comparable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GNTCPDPNMAMZFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrous phosphide Chemical compound [Fe]=P#[Fe] GNTCPDPNMAMZFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- GNVXPFBEZCSHQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Fe+2] GNVXPFBEZCSHQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009290 primary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
- B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0425—Copper-based alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0089—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with other, not previously mentioned inorganic compounds as the main non-metallic constituent, e.g. sulfides, glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/01—Alloys based on copper with aluminium as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/05—Alloys based on copper with manganese as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/10—Alloys based on copper with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
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- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
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- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
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- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
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- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
- F16C33/121—Use of special materials
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- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
- F16C33/122—Multilayer structures of sleeves, washers or liners
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- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
- F16C33/122—Multilayer structures of sleeves, washers or liners
- F16C33/127—Details of intermediate layers, e.g. nickel dams
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- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/14—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
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- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
- F16C17/022—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only with a pair of essentially semicircular bearing sleeves
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- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/10—Alloys based on copper
- F16C2204/12—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
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- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/10—Alloys based on copper
- F16C2204/14—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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- F16C2220/00—Shaping
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- F16C2220/06—Shaping by casting in situ casting or moulding
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- F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
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- F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
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- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Description
- 亜鉛、錫、アルミニウム、マンガン、ニッケル、ケイ素、クロムから成る前記第1群からの元素の総比率が0.5重量%~15重量%であり、且つ/又は
- 前記さらなる層の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~5重量%の亜鉛を含有しており、且つ/又は
- 前記さらなる層の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~10重量%のスズを含有しており、且つ/又は
- 前記さらなる層の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~7.5重量%のアルミニウムを含有しており、且つ/又は
- 前記さらなる層の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~5重量%のマンガンを含有しており、且つ/又は
- 前記さらなる層の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~5重量%、特に0.01重量%~2重量%のニッケルを含有しており、且つ/又は
- 前記さらなる層の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~7重量%、特に0.01重量%~3重量%のケイ素を含有しており、且つ/又は、
- 前記さらなる層の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~1.5重量%、特に0.01重量%~1重量%のクロムを含有しており、且つ/又は、
- 前記さらなる層の前記銅ベース合金が0.3重量%~0.8重量%の硫黄を含有しており、且つ/又は
- 前記さらなる層の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~0.1重量%のリンを含有しており、且つ/又は
- 前記さらなる層の前記銅ベース合金が0.3重量%~1.5重量%の鉄を含有している。
なお、本開示の態様には以下のものも含まれる。
〔態様1〕
複合材料から成る多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)であって、前記複合材料が支持金属層(3)、さらなる層(4)、特に滑り層(9)、並びに場合によっては前記支持金属層(3)と前記さらなる層(4)との間の中間層を有しており、前記さらなる層(4)が、無鉛の銅ベース合金から成る鋳造用合金から形成されており、前記銅ベース合金中に硫化物含有析出物(10)が含有されている形式のものにおいて、
前記銅ベース合金が0.1重量%~3重量%の硫黄と、0.01重量%~4重量%の鉄と、0重量%、特に0.001重量%~2重量%のリンと、亜鉛、錫、アルミニウム、マンガン、ニッケル、ケイ素、クロム、インジウムから成る第1群からの、合計で0.1重量%~49重量%の少なくとも1種の元素であって、亜鉛の比率が0重量%~45重量%であり、錫の比率が0重量%~40重量%であり、アルミニウムの比率が0重量%~15重量%であり、マンガンの比率が0重量%~10重量%であり、ニッケルの比率が0重量%~10重量%であり、ケイ素の比率が0重量%~10重量%であり、クロムの比率が0重量%~2重量%であり、そしてインジウムの比率が0重量%~10重量%である、前記第1群からの少なくとも1種の元素と、
それぞれの比率が0重量%~1.5重量%である銀、マグネシウム、インジウム、コバルト、チタン、ジルコニウム、砒素、リチウム、イットリウム、カルシウム、バナジウム、モリブデン、タングステン、アンチモン、セレン、テルル、ビスマス、ニオブ、パラジウムから成る第2群からの少なくとも1種の元素であって、前記第2群の元素の総比率が0重量%~2重量%である、前記第2群からの少なくとも1種の元素と、を含有し、
そして100重量%までの残部を、銅、並びに元素の製造に由来する不純物が形成していることを特徴とする、多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔態様2〕
前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が亜鉛又は錫を含有していることを特徴とする、態様1に記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔態様3〕
亜鉛、錫、アルミニウム、マンガン、ニッケル、ケイ素、クロムから成る前記第1群からの元素の総比率が0.5重量%~15重量%であることを特徴とする、態様1又は2に記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔態様4〕
前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~5重量%の亜鉛を含有していることを特徴とする、態様1から3までのいずれか1つに記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔態様5〕
前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~10重量%のスズを含有していることを特徴とする、態様1から4までのいずれか1つに記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔態様6〕
前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~7.5重量%のアルミニウムを含有していることを特徴とする、態様1から5までのいずれか1つに記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔態様7〕
前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~5重量%のマンガンを含有していることを特徴とする、態様1から6までのいずれか1つに記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔態様8〕
前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~5重量%、特に0.01重量%~2重量%のニッケルを含有していることを特徴とする、態様1から7までのいずれか1つに記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔態様9〕
前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~7重量%、特に0.01重量%~3重量%のケイ素を含有していることを特徴とする、態様1から8までのいずれか1つに記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔態様10〕
前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~1.5重量%、特に0.01重量%~1重量%のクロムを含有していることを特徴とする、態様1から9までのいずれか1つに記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔態様11〕
前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.3重量%~0.8重量%の硫黄を含有していることを特徴とする、態様1から10までのいずれか1つに記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔態様12〕
前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~0.1重量%のリンを含有していることを特徴とする、態様1から11までのいずれか1つに記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔態様13〕
前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.3重量%~1.5重量%の鉄を含有していることを特徴とする、態様1から12までのいずれか1つに記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔態様14〕
前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が付加的に、0.001重量%~1.5重量%、特に0.001重量%~1重量%のホウ素を含有していることを特徴とする、態様1から13までのいずれか1つに記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔態様15〕
前記硫化物含有析出物(10)が前記さらなる層(4)全体の内部に均質に分布された状態で存在している、態様1から14までのいずれか1つに記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔態様16〕
前記硫化物含有析出物(10)が前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金の部分層(12)内部にのみ形成されている、態様1から14までのいずれか1つに記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔態様17〕
前記部分層(12)が、前記さらなる層(4)の全層厚(11)の5%~85%である層厚(13)を有している、態様16に記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔態様18〕
前記硫化物含有析出物が少なくとも50面積%は、硫化銅と硫化鉄との混合物から成っている、態様1から17までのいずれか1つに記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔態様19〕
硫化銅と硫化鉄との前記混合物における硫化銅の比率が少なくとも60面積%である、態様18に記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
〔符号の説明〕
2 滑り軸受けエレメント本体
3 支持金属層
4 層
5 軸受け金属層
6 慣らし運転層
7 滑り軸受けエレメント
8 滑り軸受け
9 滑り層
10 析出物
11 全層厚
12 部分層
13 層厚
14 表面
15 粒径
Claims (15)
- 複合材料から成る多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)であって、前記複合材料が支持金属層(3)、さらなる層(4)を有しており、前記さらなる層(4)が、無鉛の銅ベース合金から成る鋳造用合金から形成されており、前記銅ベース合金中に硫化物含有析出物(10)が含有されている形式のものにおいて、
前記銅ベース合金が0.1重量%~3重量%の硫黄と、0.01重量%~4重量%の鉄と、0重量%~2重量%のリンと、亜鉛、錫、アルミニウム、マンガン、ニッケル、ケイ素、クロム、インジウムから成る第1群からの、合計で0.1重量%~49重量%の少なくとも1種の元素であって、亜鉛の比率が0重量%~45重量%であり、錫の比率が0重量%~40重量%であり、アルミニウムの比率が0重量%~15重量%であり、マンガンの比率が0重量%~10重量%であり、ニッケルの比率が0重量%~10重量%であり、ケイ素の比率が0.01重量%~7重量%であり、クロムの比率が0重量%~2重量%であり、そしてインジウムの比率が0重量%~10重量%である、前記第1群からの少なくとも1種の元素と、
それぞれの比率が0重量%~1.5重量%である銀、マグネシウム、コバルト、チタン、ジルコニウム、砒素、リチウム、イットリウム、カルシウム、バナジウム、モリブデン、タングステン、アンチモン、セレン、テルル、ビスマス、ニオブ、パラジウムから成る第2群からの少なくとも1種の元素であって、前記第2群の元素の総比率が0重量%~2重量%である、前記第2群からの少なくとも1種の元素と、を含有し、
そして100重量%までの残部を、銅、並びに元素の製造に由来する不純物が形成していることを特徴とする、多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。 - 前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が亜鉛又は錫を含有していることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
- 亜鉛、錫、アルミニウム、マンガン、ニッケル、ケイ素、クロムから成る前記第1群からの元素の総比率が0.5重量%~15重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
- 前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~5重量%の亜鉛を含有していることを特徴とする、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
- 前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~10重量%のスズを含有していることを特徴とする、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
- 前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~7.5重量%のアルミニウムを含有していることを特徴とする、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
- 前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~5重量%のマンガンを含有していることを特徴とする、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
- 前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~5重量%のニッケルを含有していることを特徴とする、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
- 前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~3重量%のケイ素を含有していることを特徴とする、請求項1から8までのいずれか1項に記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
- 前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~1.5重量%のクロムを含有していることを特徴とする、請求項1から9までのいずれか1項に記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
- 前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.3重量%~0.8重量%の硫黄を含有していることを特徴とする、請求項1から10までのいずれか1項に記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
- 前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.01重量%~0.1重量%のリンを含有していることを特徴とする、請求項1から11までのいずれか1項に記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
- 前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が0.3重量%~1.5重量%の鉄を含有していることを特徴とする、請求項1から12までのいずれか1項に記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
- 前記さらなる層(4)の前記銅ベース合金が、0.001重量%~1.5重量%のホウ素を含有していることを特徴とする、請求項1から13までのいずれか1項に記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
- 前記硫化物含有析出物(10)が前記さらなる層(4)全体の内部に均質に分布された状態で存在している、請求項1から14までのいずれか1項に記載の多層滑り軸受けエレメント(1)。
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