JP7588985B2 - 医療システム - Google Patents
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Description
虚血性脳卒中は通常、脳の大血管内にある閉塞性血塊によって引き起こされるものであり、緊急の病態である。血塊組成は、例えば、フィブリンが優勢である状態(典型的には、血塊を比較的固く硬質にする)から赤血球が優勢である状態(典型的には、血塊を比較的ゲル状及び軟質にする)まで変化し得る。この多様な血塊の組成は、光学的及び機械的なものを含む、その特性のいくつかに影響を及ぼす。血塊が首尾よく除去できるかは、特定の血塊組成と係合するのに最も好適な技法を選択することに依存し得る。したがって、血塊組成の除去を試みる前に、血塊組成を分析することが重要である。
図1A及び図1Bは、本発明の実施形態による、カテーテルベースの血塊組成分析及び除去システム20a及び20bの概略画像である。
図2は、本発明の一実施形態による、脳血塊66及びカテーテル28の概略断面図である。図示されるように、血塊66が動脈34内の血流を遮断しており、その場合いくつかの実施形態では、医師54は、血塊66を越えた位置へと、動脈34内で遠位にカテーテル28をナビゲートし前進させる。
(1) 医療システムであって、
脳の血管に挿入するためのプローブであって、前記プローブは、
第1の光ファイバであって、その遠位端に第1の光学拡散器を含み、前記血管に沿った第1の位置に光信号を誘導し、前記血管内の脳血塊と相互作用するように前記光信号を拡散させるように構成されている、第1の光ファイバと、
第2の光ファイバであって、その遠位端に第2の光学拡散器を含み、前記第1の位置とは異なる前記血管に沿った第2の位置において、前記脳血塊と相互作用した、拡散された前記光信号を収集するように構成されている、第2の光ファイバと、
を含む、プローブと、
前記第1の光ファイバに前記光信号を送信し、前記第2の光ファイバから前記拡散された光信号を受信及び測定するように構成された電気光学測定ユニットと、
測定された前記拡散された光信号を分析することによって、前記脳血塊の組成を特定するように構成されたプロセッサと、を含む、医療システム。
(2) 前記プロセッサは、前記脳血塊の前記組成に適合する脳血塊除去方法を選択するための提案を出力するように更に構成されている、実施態様1に記載の医療システム。
(3) 前記プロセッサが、前記拡散された光信号中の吸収関連成分と散乱関連成分とを区別することによって、前記測定された拡散された光信号を分析するように構成されている、実施態様1に記載の医療システム。
(4) 前記第1の光学拡散器の前記第1の位置が、前記第2の光学拡散器の前記第2の位置よりも遠位である、実施態様1に記載の医療システム。
(5) 前記第1の光学拡散器の前記第1の位置が、前記第2の光学拡散器の前記第2の位置よりも近位である、実施態様1に記載の医療システム。
(7) 前記プローブが放射線不透過性マーカーを更に含む、実施態様1に記載の医療システム。
(8) 医療方法であって、
脳の血管にプローブを挿入することであって、前記プローブが、
第1の光ファイバであって、その遠位端に第1の光学拡散器を含み、前記血管に沿った第1の位置に光信号を誘導し、前記血管内の脳血塊と相互作用するように前記光信号を拡散させるように構成されている、第1の光ファイバと、
第2の光ファイバであって、その遠位端に第2の光学拡散器を含み、前記第1の位置とは異なる前記血管に沿った第2の位置において、前記脳血塊と相互作用した、拡散された前記光信号を収集するように構成されている、第2の光ファイバと、
を含む、ことと、
前記第1の光ファイバに前記光信号を送信し、前記第2の光ファイバから前記拡散された光信号を受信及び測定することと、
測定された前記拡散された光信号を分析することによって、前記脳血塊の組成を特定することと、を含む、方法。
(9) 前記プロセッサによって、前記脳血塊の前記組成に適合する脳血塊除去方法を選択するための提案を出力することを含む、実施態様8に記載の方法。
(10) 前記測定された拡散された光信号を分析することが、前記拡散された光信号中の吸収関連成分と散乱関連成分とを区別することを含む、実施態様8に記載の方法。
(12) 前記第1の光学拡散器の前記第1の位置が、前記第2の光学拡散器の前記第2の位置よりも近位である、実施態様8に記載の方法。
(13) 特定された前記組成に基づいて前記血塊を排除することを含む、実施態様8に記載の方法。
(14) 前記プローブ上に配置された放射線不透過性マーカーを使用して前記プローブを追跡することを含む、実施態様8に記載の医療システム。
(15) 脳の血管に挿入するための医療用プローブであって、前記プローブは、
第1の光ファイバであって、その遠位端に第1の光学拡散器を含み、前記血管に沿った第1の位置に光信号を誘導し、前記血管内の脳血塊と相互作用するように前記光信号を拡散させるように構成されている、第1の光ファイバと、
第2の光ファイバであって、その遠位端に第2の光学拡散器を含み、前記第1の位置とは異なる前記血管に沿った第2の位置において、前記脳血塊と相互作用した、拡散された前記光信号を収集するように構成されている、第2の光ファイバと、を備える、プローブ。
Claims (6)
- 医療システムであって、
脳の血管に挿入するためのプローブであって、前記プローブは、
第1の光ファイバであって、その遠位端に第1の光学拡散器を含み、前記血管に沿った第1の位置に光信号を誘導し、前記血管内の脳血塊と相互作用するように前記光信号を拡散させるように構成されている、第1の光ファイバと、
第2の光ファイバであって、その遠位端に第2の光学拡散器を含み、前記第1の位置とは異なる前記血管に沿った第2の位置において、前記脳血塊と相互作用した、拡散された前記光信号を収集するように構成されている、第2の光ファイバと、
を含む、プローブと、
前記第1の光ファイバに前記光信号を送信し、前記第2の光ファイバから拡散された前記光信号を受信及び測定するように構成された電気光学測定ユニットと、
測定された拡散された前記光信号を分析することによって、前記脳血塊の組成を特定するように構成されたプロセッサと、を含む、
前記分析が、前記プロセッサが拡散された前記光信号から前記脳血塊の吸収係数と前記脳血塊の散乱係数とを算出することである、医療システム。 - 前記プロセッサは、前記脳血塊の前記組成に適合する脳血塊除去方法を選択するための提案を出力するように更に構成されている、請求項1に記載の医療システム。
- 前記第1の光学拡散器の前記第1の位置が、前記第2の光学拡散器の前記第2の位置よりも遠位である、請求項1に記載の医療システム。
- 前記第1の光学拡散器の前記第1の位置が、前記第2の光学拡散器の前記第2の位置よりも近位である、請求項1に記載の医療システム。
- 前記プローブが作業チャネルを更に含む、請求項1に記載の医療システム。
- 前記プローブが放射線不透過性マーカーを更に含む、請求項1に記載の医療システム。
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