JP7588322B2 - Slide member, and compressor and refrigeration device using same - Google Patents

Description

The present disclosure relates to a sliding member, a compressor, and a refrigeration device, and in particular to a sliding member used in the sliding portion of a compressor, a compressor including the sliding member and used in equipment using a refrigeration cycle device such as an air conditioner, a water heater, or a refrigerator, and a refrigeration device including the compressor.

Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose scroll compressors used in air conditioners, etc. In these scroll compressors, the fixed spiral wrap of the fixed scroll and the orbiting spiral wrap of the orbiting scroll are meshed with each other, and the orbiting scroll is caused to orbit, thereby compressing a working medium such as a refrigerant.

The fixed scroll and orbiting scroll are the sliding members that slide against each other when compressing the working medium. When the sliding members are made of the same metal, a method is used in which one of the surfaces is subjected to a surface treatment such as anodizing or plating to prevent seizure.

For example, in Patent Document 1, an alloy mainly composed of aluminum is used for the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll, and at least one of the surfaces is plated with nickel containing aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ) and silicon carbide (SiC)-based hard particles, while in Patent Document 2, an alloy mainly composed of aluminum is used, and at least one of the surfaces is plated with nickel having boron nitride (BN) dispersed in the film.

Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 3-99801 JP 2000-64970 A

The present disclosure provides a sliding member that can effectively suppress or avoid seizure or abnormal wear, and a compressor and a refrigeration device that can use the same to achieve good operating efficiency or reliability.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the sliding member of the present disclosure is configured to include a substrate, a mixed layer composed of at least nickel, components of the substrate, and phosphorus and/or boron, and a nickel coating layer containing nickel above the mixed layer.

According to the above configuration, the nickel coating layer formed on the sliding member can achieve good peeling resistance, so that seizure or wear of the sliding member can be effectively suppressed over a long period of time.

In addition, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the compressor and refrigeration device disclosed herein are configured to include a compression mechanism that compresses a refrigerant, an electric mechanism that drives the compression mechanism, and an airtight container that houses the compression mechanism and the electric mechanism and has an oil storage section at the bottom that stores lubricating oil, and includes a sliding section using the sliding member of the above-mentioned configuration.

According to the above configuration, the sliding member is provided with a nickel coating layer having good peeling resistance, so that seizure or wear caused by peeling of the surface treatment can be effectively suppressed or avoided, thereby achieving even better long-term reliability.

The above objects, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As described above, the present invention has the effect of providing a sliding member that can effectively suppress or avoid seizure or abnormal wear, and a compressor and a refrigeration device that can use the same to achieve good operating efficiency or reliability.

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a scroll compressor according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the base material interface of the fixed scroll of the scroll compressor in the first embodiment. 3A and 3B are cross-sectional EDS element mapping diagrams in the vicinity of the substrate interface of a fixed scroll of a scroll compressor in a representative example of the first embodiment. 4A and 4B are cross-sectional EDS element mapping diagrams in the vicinity of the substrate interface when a nickel coating layer having a low phosphorus concentration is used in a representative comparative example. FIG. 5 is a correlation diagram showing the relationship between the phosphorus concentration and the thickness of the mixed layer. FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the base material interface of the fixed scroll of the scroll compressor according to the second embodiment. 7A and 7B are cross-sectional EDS element mapping diagrams in the vicinity of the base material interface of the fixed scroll of the scroll compressor in the second embodiment.

(The knowledge and other information that formed the basis of this disclosure)
At the time when the inventors of the present application came up with the idea of the present disclosure, as described in Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2, scroll compressors were designed to prevent seizure by applying a hard coating treatment to the surface of at least one of the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll, whose base material was made of an aluminum alloy.

However, when a hard coating such as nickel plating is formed on a soft substrate such as aluminum, the difference in hardness between the aluminum substrate and the hard coating, i.e., the difference in mechanical strength, is significantly large. Therefore, when a shear force acts parallel to the interface due to frictional sliding, the hard coating may peel off at the interface or may break (e.g. tear off) involving the substrate directly below the interface, exposing the aluminum substrate between the sliding surfaces.

In addition, if the hard coating peels off and the aluminum base materials slide against each other, aluminum is an active metal, and so there is a risk of abnormal wear or adhesion causing seizure. This makes it difficult to ensure reliability over the long term.

The inventors of the present application have identified these problems and have come up with the subject matter of the present disclosure in order to solve them.

Therefore, the present disclosure provides a sliding member that can suppress seizure or wear over a long period of time by improving the adhesion strength and peeling resistance of the hard nickel coating layer. Furthermore, by using the sliding member of the present disclosure, seizure or wear caused by peeling of the hard coating in the sliding part can be avoided, thereby providing a compressor and refrigeration device that have high reliability over a long period of time.

Below, the embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, more detailed explanation than necessary may be omitted. For example, detailed explanations of matters that are already well known, or duplicate explanations of substantially identical configurations may be omitted. This is to avoid making the following explanation unnecessarily redundant and to make it easier for those skilled in the art to understand.

It should be noted that the accompanying drawings and the following description are provided to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the subject matter described in the claims.

(Embodiment 1)
Hereinafter, the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3B.

[1-1. Configuration]
As shown in FIG. 1, the scroll compressor according to the present embodiment is configured by disposing a compression mechanism unit 10 that compresses a refrigerant and an electric mechanism unit 20 that drives the compression mechanism unit 10 within a sealed container 1.

The airtight container 1 comprises a body 1a, a lower lid 1b, and an upper lid 1c. The body 1a is formed in a cylindrical shape extending in the vertical direction. The lower lid 1b is a lid member that closes the lower opening of the body 1a. The upper lid 1c is a lid member that closes the upper opening of the body 1a. The lower lid 1b and the upper lid 1c are both curved toward the outer center, and in the configuration example shown in Figure 1, they have a bowl shape that fits inside the lower or upper opening of the body 1a.

The sealed container 1 is equipped with a refrigerant suction pipe 2 and a refrigerant discharge pipe 3. The refrigerant suction pipe 2 introduces refrigerant into the compression mechanism 10. The refrigerant discharge pipe 3 discharges the refrigerant compressed by the compression mechanism 10 out of the sealed container 1. An injection pipe 19 is connected to the top of the sealed container 1 (upper lid 1c) together with the refrigerant discharge pipe 3.

The compression mechanism 10 has a fixed scroll 11, an orbiting scroll 12, and a rotating shaft 13 that drives the orbiting scroll 12 to orbit. The electric mechanism 20 has a stator 21 fixed to the sealed container 1, and a rotor 22 arranged inside the stator 21. The rotating shaft 13 is fixed to the rotor 22.

An eccentric shaft 13a is formed at the upper end of the rotating shaft 13, which is eccentric with respect to the rotating shaft 13. An oil reservoir 12e is formed in the eccentric shaft 13a by a recess that opens to the upper surface of the eccentric shaft 13a.

A main bearing 30 that supports the fixed scroll 11 and the orbiting scroll 12 is provided below the fixed scroll 11 and the orbiting scroll 12. The main bearing 30 is formed with a bearing portion 31 that supports the rotating shaft 13 and a boss accommodating portion 32. The main bearing 30 is fixed to the sealed container 1 by welding, shrink fitting, or the like. The lower end portion 13b of the rotating shaft 13 is supported by a sub-bearing 18 arranged at the bottom of the sealed container 1.

The fixed scroll 11 includes a fixed scroll end plate 11a, a fixed spiral wrap 11b, and an outer peripheral wall portion 11c. The fixed scroll end plate 11a is disk-shaped, and the fixed spiral wrap 11b is spiral-shaped and stands on the fixed scroll end plate 11a. The outer peripheral wall portion 11c stands so as to surround the periphery of the fixed spiral wrap 11b. A discharge port 14 is formed in approximately the center of the fixed scroll end plate 11a.

The orbiting scroll 12 includes an orbiting scroll end plate 12a, an orbiting spiral wrap 12b, and a boss portion 12c. The orbiting scroll end plate 12a is disk-shaped, and the orbiting spiral wrap 12b is spiral-shaped and erected on the wrap side end surface of the orbiting scroll end plate 12a. The boss portion 12c is cylindrical and formed on the opposite wrap side end surface of the orbiting scroll end plate 12a.

The fixed spiral wrap 11b of the fixed scroll 11 and the orbiting spiral wrap 12b of the orbiting scroll 12 are meshed with each other. This forms a plurality of compression chambers 15 between the fixed spiral wrap 11b and the orbiting spiral wrap 12b. The boss portion 12c is formed approximately in the center of the orbiting scroll end plate 12a. The eccentric shaft 13a is inserted into the boss portion 12c, and the boss portion 12c is accommodated in the boss accommodation portion 32.

The fixed scroll 11 is fixed to the main bearing 30 at the outer peripheral wall portion 11c, for example, by using a number of bolts (not shown). Meanwhile, the orbiting scroll 12 is supported by the fixed scroll 11 via a rotation restraint member 17, such as an Oldham ring. A rotation restraint member 17 is provided between the fixed scroll 11 and the main bearing 30. The rotation restraint member 17 restrains the rotation of the orbiting scroll 12. As a result, the orbiting scroll 12 orbits relative to the fixed scroll 11 without rotating on its own axis.

An oil reservoir 4 for storing lubricating oil is formed at the bottom of the sealed container 1. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the inside of the bottom lid 1b forms the oil reservoir 4. A volumetric oil pump 5 is provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft 13. The oil pump 5 is positioned so that its suction port is located within the oil reservoir 4. The oil pump 5 is driven by the rotating shaft 13 and appropriately sucks up the lubricating oil in the oil reservoir 4 provided at the bottom of the sealed container 1 regardless of pressure conditions or operating speed, etc., thereby avoiding the risk of running out of oil.

The rotating shaft 13 is provided with a rotating shaft oil supply hole 13c. The rotating shaft oil supply hole 13c is formed so as to extend from the lower end 13b of the rotating shaft 13 to the eccentric shaft 13a. The lubricating oil pumped up by the oil pump 5 is supplied to the bearing of the auxiliary bearing 18, the bearing portion 31, and the boss portion 12c through the rotating shaft oil supply hole 13c formed in the rotating shaft 13.

The refrigerant sucked into the refrigerant suction pipe 2 is guided from the suction port 15a to the compression chamber 15. The compression chamber 15 moves from the outer periphery toward the center while reducing its volume. When the refrigerant reaches a predetermined pressure in the compression chamber 15, it is discharged into the discharge chamber 6 from the discharge port 14 provided in the center of the fixed scroll 11.

A discharge reed valve (not shown) is provided at the discharge port 14. When the refrigerant reaches a predetermined pressure in the compression chamber 15, it pushes open the discharge reed valve and is discharged into the discharge chamber 6. The refrigerant discharged into the discharge chamber 6 is led to the upper part of the sealed container 1 and discharged from the refrigerant discharge pipe 3.

The scroll compressor of the above configuration has a plurality of sliding parts. For example, the sliding parts may be a combination of sliding members such as a fixed scroll 11 and an orbiting scroll 12, or an eccentric shaft 13a of a rotating shaft 13 and an eccentric bush 33.

In this embodiment, the fixed scroll 11 and the orbiting scroll 12, which are sliding members, are both formed of a non-ferrous base material (base material 11d of the fixed scroll 11 is shown in FIG. 1) having a hardness of HV 50 to 200. Specific examples of the non-ferrous base material include, but are not limited to, aluminum alloys (e.g., various aluminum (Al)-silicon (Si)-based alloys of the 4000 series). The specific gravity of the aluminum alloy is, but is not limited to, 2.6 to 2.8 g/ ^cm3 .

The hardness HV is the result of multi-point measurement based on the Vickers hardness test - test method specified in JIS Z2244. The same applies to the hardness HV described below. The test method specified in JIS Z2244 can be replaced by the national standards or international standards of each country.

In addition, the fixed scroll 11 and the orbiting scroll 12 of this embodiment are each subjected to a surface treatment to harden the surface. For example, if the orbiting scroll 12 is made of an aluminum alloy, an anodized film (alumite film) having a hardness of, for example, HV 200 to 300, which is harder than the base material, is formed on the surface of the orbiting scroll 12. The surface treatment to harden is not limited to this, and a known method is used according to the material of the base material.

On the substrate 11d of one of the fixed scrolls 11, a surface treatment film (hard film) including a mixed layer laminated on the surface of the substrate 11d and a nickel coating layer laminated on the mixed layer is formed. In this disclosure, only the nickel coating layer may be regarded as a hard film (single-layer hard film), or the nickel coating layer and the lower mixed layer may be regarded as a hard film (composite hard film), or the composite hard film may include other known layers as necessary in addition to the nickel coating layer and the mixed layer.

A typical example of a composite hard coating is shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional schematic diagram of a mixed layer 41a and a nickel coating layer 41b formed on the base material 11d of the fixed scroll 11. The mixed layer 41a may be composed of at least nickel, a component of the base material 11d, and phosphorus (or, as described below, phosphorus and/or boron). As described below, the mixed layer 41 formed under the nickel coating layer 41b is believed to have been revealed for the first time by this disclosure.

In this embodiment, since the base material 11d of the fixed scroll 11 is aluminum, the mixed layer 41a is composed of aluminum (Al), which is the main component of the base material 11d, nickel (Ni), and phosphorus (P). The nickel coating layer 41b formed above the mixed layer 41a (on the surface side, the same applies below) is a single-layer hard coating mainly composed of nickel. Note that the main component here means 80 wt% or more of all components. In addition, the content or concentration in this specification does not include known impurities (the inclusion of known impurities can be substantially ignored).

2, the mixed layer 41a is shown as a schematic diagram in which a "substrate component portion 41c" made of aluminum (Al), which is the main component of the substrate 11d, and a "coating layer component portion 41d" made of nickel (Ni) and (P) are alternately arranged. The illustration in FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for making the mixed layer 41a easier to understand, and the mixed layer 41a in this disclosure is not limited to this illustration.

The mixed layer 41a and the nickel coating layer 41b can be formed, for example, by electroless nickel-phosphorus plating. In this specification, wt% (weight %) can be replaced with mass% (mass %).

The nickel coating layer 41b contains nickel and phosphorus if it is obtained by electroless nickel-phosphorus plating. The phosphorus concentration (phosphorus content) contained in the nickel coating layer 41b is 8 to 10 wt%, with the remainder being almost entirely nickel (nickel content 90 to 92 wt%). As will be described later, in a representative example of this embodiment, the surface hardness of the nickel coating layer 41b was HV550 to 600.

Figures 3A and 3B are an example of cross-sectional EDS (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) elemental mapping near the interface of the substrate 11d of the fixed scroll 11 in a representative example of this embodiment.

From the EDS element mapping (nickel: Ni) shown in Figure 3A, a slightly light black area (nickel coating layer 41b in the figure) is observed from the top, followed by a region where slightly light black areas and dark black areas are mixed (mixed layer 41a in the figure), and a dark black area below that (11d in the figure). Nickel (Ni) is present in the slightly light black area at the top, and aluminum (Al), an element other than nickel, is mainly present in the dark black area at the bottom.

From the EDS element mapping (phosphorus: P) shown in Figure 3B, the upper light grey area is almost the same as the slightly light black area in Figure 3B. Phosphorus (P) is present in the light grey area, and aluminum (Al) is also present mainly in the lower black area.

Based on Figures 3A and 3B, by observing the cross section of the substrate 11d of the fixed scroll 11 with a SEM (scanning electron microscope) or a TEM (transmission electron microscope) and performing EDS element mapping, it is possible to easily recognize that a mixed layer 41a composed of nickel (Ni), aluminum (Al), which is the main component of the substrate 11d, and phosphorus (P) is formed above the substrate 11d (mainly aluminum), and a nickel coating layer 41b composed mainly of nickel (Ni) is formed above the mixed layer 41a.

Furthermore, there is almost no aluminum (Al) in the areas where nickel (Ni) and phosphorus (P) are present. From these results, it can be seen that the mixed layer 41a is not composed of the components of the nickel coating layer 41b (nickel and phosphorus) and the components of the base material 11d (aluminum) as a compound, but rather nickel (Ni), phosphorus (P) and aluminum (Al) are composed individually and independently.

In addition, from these results, nickel (Ni) and phosphorus (P) have penetrated into the inside of the base material 11d (aluminum alloy) from the interface 11e, and have a distribution as if they have taken root. In this embodiment, the thickness of the mixed layer 41a was about 600 nm at maximum.

That is, as is clear from the representative examples described above, in the sliding member according to the present disclosure, a mixed layer composed of at least nickel, aluminum (a component of substrate 11d), and phosphorus is formed beneath the nickel coating layer, and this mixed layer can be diagrammed as a configuration in which a "substrate component portion 41c" composed of aluminum (a component of substrate 11d) and a "coating layer component portion 41d" composed of nickel (Ni) and (P) are alternately arranged, as shown in FIG. 2.

The specific configuration of the scroll compressor of the above configuration is not particularly limited, and various known configurations can be suitably used. For example, the scroll compressor may be placed horizontally, and the base material of the orbiting scroll 12 may be iron-based. In addition, it is not limited to a scroll compressor, and may be a reciprocating compressor or a rotary compressor, etc.

[1-2. Operation]
The operation and function of the scroll compressor constructed as above will now be described.

In the scroll compressor of the above configuration, a surface treatment film harder than the base material 11d is formed on the surface of the base material 11d made of an aluminum alloy of the fixed scroll 11.

In this embodiment, the surface hardness of the nickel coating layer 41b of the substrate 11d of the fixed scroll 11 is 4 to 12 times that of the substrate 11d. Here, if a hard surface treatment film is formed directly on the surface of the substrate, as already mentioned, the difference in hardness between the aluminum substrate and the surface treatment film, i.e., the difference in mechanical strength, becomes excessive. Therefore, when a shear force acts parallel to the interface due to frictional sliding, it causes the hard surface treatment film to peel off at the interface and destruction such as "pulling" involving the substrate directly below the interface. This can cause the hard surface treatment film to chip, exposing the aluminum substrate between the sliding surfaces.

In this embodiment, a configuration is adopted in which a mixed layer 41a composed of aluminum (Al), which is the main component of the substrate 11d, nickel (Ni), and phosphorus (P), and a nickel coating layer 41b composed mainly of nickel (Ni) are formed on the mixed layer 41a.

As a result, even if a shear force due to sliding acts, the mixed layer 41a formed by the components (nickel, phosphorus) of the nickel coating layer 41b penetrating into the base material 11d acts like a nail or a wedge, exerting a so-called anchor effect. Therefore, even if there is a large difference in hardness between the base material 11d and the surface treatment film, peeling or destruction of the coating near the interface 11e of the base material 11d is avoided or suppressed, and sufficient coating adhesion can be ensured. As a result, the wear resistance of the nickel coating layer 41b is fully exerted, and the long-term reliability of the compressor can be improved.

In this embodiment, the surface hardness of the nickel coating layer 41b of the substrate 11d is set to 4 to 12 times the hardness of the substrate 11d. From the experimental efforts made by the inventors of the present application, it has become clear that if the hardness of the nickel coating layer 41b is 6 times or more the hardness of the substrate 11d, a more significant anchor effect can be obtained.

On the other hand, the surface hardness of the opposing orbiting scroll 12 is lower than that of the fixed scroll 11, so the surface of the orbiting scroll 12 wears and becomes more comfortable during operation of the compressor. In other words, the tip protrusions (peaks) of the roughness of the sliding surface are truncated and flattened, reducing the local contact surface pressure and easing the sliding condition. This significantly prevents wear from progressing beyond the appropriate level.

In addition, in this embodiment, it is formed by electroless nickel-phosphorus plating process, and the phosphorus concentration in the nickel coating layer 41b is 8 to 10 wt %.

Here, as a representative comparative example for this embodiment, an example of cross-sectional EDS elemental mapping near the substrate interface of a nickel coating layer 41b formed by electroless nickel-phosphorus plating process with a phosphorus concentration of less than 2 wt % is shown in Figures 4A and 4B.

In the EDS element mapping (nickel: Ni) shown in Figure 4A, there is a slightly light black area from the top (41b in the figure), and a dark black area directly below it (11d in the figure). Nickel (Ni) is present in the slightly light black area at the top, and aluminum (Al), an element other than nickel, is mainly present in the dark black area at the bottom.

In the EDS element mapping (phosphorus: P) shown in Figure 4B, the light grey area is almost the same as the light black area in Figure 4A. In the EDS element mapping (phosphorus: P), phosphorus (P) is present in the upper light grey area, and aluminum (Al) is also present mainly in the lower black area.

As is clear from Figures 4A and 4B, in the comparative example, the mixed layer 41a as shown in Figures 3A and 3B, as in the previously described embodiment, cannot be confirmed, and it can be seen that a nickel coating layer 41b consisting of nickel (Ni) and phosphorus (P) is formed directly above the substrate 11d.

From the above results, in the present disclosure, it has been clarified that with regard to the nickel coating layer 41b formed in the electroless nickel-phosphorus plating process, if the phosphorus concentration is low, a mixed layer 41a is not formed.

Figure 5 shows the relationship between the phosphorus concentration in the nickel coating layer 41b and the maximum thickness of the mixed layer 41a, obtained from the experimental efforts of the present inventors.

By increasing the phosphorus concentration in the nickel coating layer 41b to more than 3 wt%, the maximum thickness of the mixed layer 41a becomes 100 nm or more. As a result, even if a shear force acts parallel to the interface 11e due to frictional sliding, the components (nickel, phosphorus) of the nickel coating layer 41b penetrate into the base material 11d and the mixed layer 41a forms an anchor effect. Therefore, even if there is a large difference in hardness between the base material 11d and the surface treatment film, peeling or destruction of the coating near the interface 11e can be avoided or suppressed, and sufficient coating adhesion can be ensured.

According to the inventors' intensive study, when the phosphorus concentration in the nickel coating layer 41b is higher than 3 wt%, the nickel coating layer 41b tends to be relatively hard and its durability tends to be low, but its adhesion to the interface of the substrate 11d tends to be high. On the other hand, when the phosphorus concentration in the nickel coating layer 41b is low, at 3 wt% or less, the nickel coating layer 41b tends to be relatively hard and its durability tends to be high, but its adhesion to the interface of the substrate 11d tends to be low.

This disclosure has revealed for the first time that in electroless nickel-phosphorus plating formed on sliding members (particularly sliding members for refrigerant compressors), the minimum phosphorus concentration that can further improve the adhesion of the substrate 11d is clarified, and that a mixed layer 41a is formed between the substrate 11d and the nickel coating layer 41b, and that this mixed layer 41a can increase the adhesion of the nickel coating layer 41b.

As a result, the nickel coating layer 41b formed on the sliding member can achieve even better adhesion to the substrate 11d, and the nickel coating layer 41b itself can maintain excellent durability. As a result, the sliding member according to the present disclosure can be widely and suitably used in the field of compressors, which require long-term reliability.

As described above, in order to form the mixed layer 41a, the phosphorus concentration in the nickel coating layer 41b must be at least 3 wt %. To form such a surface treatment film, the bath temperature in the electroless nickel-phosphorus plating process can be set to, for example, within the range of 80 to 100°C.

If the bath make-up temperature is lower than 80°C, depending on various conditions, the plating formation speed may become too slow, resulting in uneven deposition (a phenomenon in which the plating film (nickel coating layer 41b) is only formed in some places). On the other hand, if the bath make-up temperature is higher than 100°C, depending on various conditions, the plating formation speed may become too fast, resulting in large variation in the thickness of the plating film (nickel coating layer 41b). In addition, the thickness of the mixed layer 41b may exceed 1000 nm, and the component ratio of base material 11d in the mixed layer 41b may decrease significantly.

In this way, if the plating formation speed is slowed or accelerated depending on the bath temperature, it may affect the formation of a good mixed layer 41a in particular. As a result, the resulting surface treatment film may not have sufficient peel resistance.

In particular, in fields such as compressors where long-term reliability is required, the bath make-up temperature can be set within the range of 85 to 95°C. Although it depends on various conditions, if the bath make-up temperature is within this range, it becomes easier to form a better mixed layer 41a, and the peeling resistance of the surface treatment film can be improved.

As mentioned above, the preferred range of the bath make-up temperature is set primarily to achieve a good plating formation rate. Therefore, in the present disclosure, the bath make-up temperature in the electroless nickel-phosphorus plating process to form a surface treatment film (a film having a nickel coating layer 41b and a mixed layer 41a) on the substrate 11d is not necessarily limited to the above range, and a bath make-up temperature outside the above range can be adopted depending on various conditions. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, other known conditions in the electroless nickel-phosphorus plating process can also be set within preferred ranges.

In this manner, in the present disclosure, by following the conventional electroless nickel-phosphorus plating process, and then adjusting the phosphorus concentration in the nickel coating layer 41b to a predetermined value (higher than 3 wt%) to form the nickel coating layer 41b, the surface treatment film according to the present disclosure (a composite hard coating comprising the mixed layer 41a and the nickel coating layer 41b) can be formed. Therefore, there is no need to add a process such as shot blasting to roughen the surface of the untreated base material 11d in advance, and a general electroless nickel-phosphorus plating process can be used, so that the surface treatment film can be formed inexpensively, and the base material 11d on which the surface treatment film is formed, i.e., the sliding member according to the present disclosure, is also very excellent in terms of mass productivity.

In addition, in this embodiment (this disclosure), the mixed layer 41a may have a thickness of 100 nm or more and 1000 nm or less.

If the thickness of the mixed layer 41a is less than 100 nm, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient anchor effect as described above. On the other hand, if the phosphorus concentration of the nickel coating layer 41b is increased, the thickness of the mixed layer 41a will inevitably increase. However, if the phosphorus concentration is 15 wt% or more, the hardness of the nickel coating layer 41b will decrease, and it may be difficult to ensure high wear resistance. From the viewpoint of ensuring wear resistance, the phosphorus concentration is preferably 15 wt% or less, and the thickness of the mixed layer 41a at a phosphorus concentration of 15 wt% will be approximately 1000 nm. Therefore, the thickness of the mixed layer 41a is preferably 1000 nm or less.

In this embodiment, the base material of the slide member is an aluminum (Al)-silicon (Si) based alloy. However, even if the base material is a soft non-ferrous material having a specific gravity of 3.0 g/ ^cm3 or less and a hardness of HV50 to 200, the same effects as those of the above-mentioned aluminum-silicon based alloy can be obtained.

For example, in the case of aluminum alloys, the same effects as those of the aluminum-silicon alloys described above can be obtained with aluminum (Al)-copper (Cu)-magnesium (Mg) system (2000 series, etc.), aluminum (Al)-magnesium (Mg) system (5000 series), aluminum (Al)-magnesium (Mg)-silicon (Si) system (6000 series), aluminum (Al)-zinc (Zn)-magnesium (Mg) system (7000 series), and lithium (Li)-added aluminum alloys (8000 series, etc.), which have aluminum (Al) as the main component.

In addition, magnesium alloys containing magnesium (Mg) as the main component, such as magnesium (Mg)-aluminum (Al)-zinc (Zn) alloys, can achieve the same effects as the aluminum-silicon alloys mentioned above.

[1-3. Effects, etc.]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the sliding member is configured to include the substrate 11 d, the mixed layer 41 a composed of at least nickel and components of the substrate 11 d, in this embodiment, aluminum and phosphorus, and the nickel coating layer 41 b mainly composed of nickel provided above the mixed layer 41 a.

This allows the sliding member to have sufficient coating adhesion in addition to the anti-seizure properties provided by the hard coating treatment. This makes it possible to avoid damage or peeling of the coating near the substrate interface caused by the difference in hardness between the substrate 11d and the hard coating (nickel coating layer 41b).

In this disclosure, including the second embodiment described later, the sliding member may include a configuration other than the base material 11d, the mixed layer 41a, and the nickel coating layer 41b. In other words, the sliding member according to the present disclosure may be configured to include the base material 11d, the mixed layer 41a, and the nickel coating layer 41b.

Furthermore, as in this embodiment, the mixed layer 41a can be configured so that the components of the nickel coating layer 41b and the components of the substrate 11d exist independently.

As a result, the mixed layer 41a formed when the components of the nickel coating layer 41b (nickel, phosphorus) penetrate into the substrate 11d fully exerts the so-called anchor effect, acting like a nail or wedge, and significantly improves the adhesion of the coating.

In addition, as in this embodiment, the mixed layer 41a can be configured to have a thickness of 100 nm or more and 1000 nm or less.

This makes it possible to obtain a sliding member that combines the anchor effect of the mixed layer 41a formed when the components of the nickel coating layer 41b (nickel, phosphorus) penetrate into the substrate 11d, with the high wear resistance of the nickel coating layer 41b.

The nickel coating layer 41b may be formed by electroless nickel-phosphorus composite plating. In this configuration, the nickel coating layer 41b may have a phosphorus concentration of more than 3 wt%.

By following the conventional electroless nickel-phosphorus plating process in which the phosphorus concentration in the nickel coating layer 41b is adjusted to a predetermined value (higher than 3 wt%), it is possible to form a surface treatment film consisting of the nickel coating layer 41b and the mixed layer 41a as in this embodiment. Therefore, there is no need to add a process such as roughening the surface of the base material 11d in advance, and excellent mass productivity can be achieved.

In addition, the nickel coating layer 41b can be configured to have a thickness of 2 μm or more.

This allows the components of the nickel coating layer 41b (nickel, phosphorus) to penetrate into the base material 11d, resulting in a mixed layer 41a that exerts a sufficient anchoring effect, making it possible to obtain a sliding member with long-term reliability. It is also possible to select an appropriate film thickness depending on various conditions such as the application, operating conditions, and operating time.

The substrate can be made of an alloy with a hardness of HV50 to 200 and a main component of aluminum. This allows for a lightweight sliding component that has both high wear resistance and high peel resistance.

On the other hand, a compressor constructed using the above-mentioned sliding member includes a compression mechanism that compresses a refrigerant, an electric mechanism that drives the compression mechanism, and a sealed container that houses the compression mechanism and the electric mechanism and has an oil storage section at the bottom that stores lubricating oil, and includes a sliding part using the sliding member of the above-mentioned configuration, i.e., the sliding member of the above-mentioned configuration is arranged in at least one of the sliding parts.

As a result, by having a sliding member that has both high self-wear resistance and coating adhesion, it is possible to avoid or suppress performance degradation or malfunction caused by wear or peeling in the sliding parts of the compressor. This allows the compressor to operate stably over a long period of time while maintaining high performance.

Furthermore, by configuring a refrigeration system using this compressor, not only can the efficiency of the refrigeration system be increased, but also the reliability can be significantly improved. The specific configuration of the refrigeration system according to the present disclosure is not limited, and it can be configured to include a known refrigerant circuit (refrigeration cycle) that includes the compressor according to the present disclosure. The specific configuration of the refrigeration system is also not particularly limited, and it can be any known refrigeration system such as an air conditioner, water heater, or refrigerator.

The compression mechanism includes a fixed scroll, a revolving scroll, and a rotating shaft that drives the revolving scroll, and the sliding member is used for at least one of the fixed scroll and the revolving scroll, i.e., the sliding portion of at least one of the process scroll and the revolving scroll includes the sliding member having the above configuration.

This allows the scroll compressor to have sliding members that have both high self-wear resistance and coating adhesion, improving its long-term reliability. Furthermore, by using a material with a light specific gravity, such as aluminum, for the base material of the fixed scroll or orbiting scroll, a significant weight reduction can be achieved. This makes it possible to provide a scroll compressor that can be deployed in fields where weight reduction is desired, such as vehicle-mounted types.

In addition, by making the rotating scroll lighter, the centrifugal force acting on the compression mechanism is reduced, making it possible to suppress vibration of the compressor during operation. This allows for increased refrigeration capacity through faster rotation. Furthermore, as the radial load acting on the rotating shaft is reduced, it becomes possible to make design changes to reduce the diameter of the rotating shaft. This makes it possible to provide a scroll compressor with high product appeal that is more efficient by reducing input losses or that has a more compact compressor.

In addition, the compressor of the present invention can be configured to use a working medium such as R134a, R32, R410A, R407C, isobutane, propane, carbon dioxide, or a refrigerant having a double bond between carbon atoms.

This effectively prevents the sliding members installed in the compressor from being altered or deformed when exposed to any refrigerant. This allows the compressor to stably exhibit high self-wear resistance and coating adhesion over the long term.

In addition, the sliding members installed in the compressor can be effectively prevented from being altered or deformed even when exposed to substances generated by decomposition of the refrigerant produced during the sliding process (such as fluorides found in refrigerants with double bonds between carbon atoms). This allows the compressor to stably exhibit high self-wear resistance and coating adhesion over the long term.

(Embodiment 2)
Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 6 to 7B. Figures 1 to 5 will be referred to as appropriate. Also, the same components as those described with reference to Figures 1 to 5 will be given the same reference numerals, and some of the description will be omitted.

[2-1. Configuration]
In this embodiment, the fixed scroll 11 and the orbiting scroll 12, which are sliding members, are both formed of a base material made of a non-ferrous material having a hardness of HV 50 to 200. Specific examples of the non-ferrous base material include, but are not limited to, aluminum alloys (e.g., various aluminum (Al)-silicon (Si)-based alloys of the 4000 series). The specific gravity of the aluminum alloy is, but is not limited to, 2.6 to 2.8 g/ ^cm3 .

In addition, the fixed scroll 11 and the orbiting scroll 12 of this embodiment are each subjected to a surface treatment to harden the surface. For example, if the orbiting scroll 12 is made of an aluminum alloy, the surface of the orbiting scroll 12 is formed with an anodized film (alumite film) having a hardness of, for example, HV 200 to 300, which is harder than the base material 11d. The surface treatment to harden is not limited to this, and a known method is used according to the material of the base material 11d.

On the base material 11d of one of the fixed scrolls 11, a surface treatment film is formed, which includes a mixed layer laminated on the surface of the base material 11d and a nickel coating layer laminated on the mixed layer, as in the first embodiment. A representative example of the surface treatment film in this embodiment is shown in Figure 6. Figure 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional schematic diagram of the mixed layer 51a, the first nickel coating layer 51b, and the second nickel coating layer 51c formed on the base material 11d of the fixed scroll 11.

In this embodiment, since the base material 11d of the fixed scroll 11 is aluminum, the mixed layer 51a is composed of aluminum (Al), which is the main component of the base material 11d, nickel (Ni), and phosphorus (P). A first nickel coating layer 51b is formed above the mixed layer 41a, and a second nickel coating layer 51 is formed further above the first nickel coating layer 51b (on the outermost surface side).

The first nickel coating layer 51b and the second nickel coating layer 51c are both single-layer hard coatings mainly composed of nickel. These nickel coating layers 51b and 51c constitute a multi-layer nickel coating layer 51d. The multi-layer nickel coating layer 51d may be composed of three or more layers, and the components of each layer (nickel concentration or phosphorus concentration, etc.) may be different.

In Fig. 6, similarly to Fig. 2 referred to in the first embodiment, the mixed layer 51a is shown as being alternately arranged with a "substrate component portion 51e" made of aluminum (Al), which is the main component of the substrate 11d, and a "coating layer component portion 51f" made of nickel (Ni) and (P). The illustration in Fig. 6 is a schematic illustration similar to Fig. 2, and the mixed layer 51a in the present disclosure is not limited to this illustration.

The first nickel coating layer 51b and the second nickel coating layer 51c are both formed by electroless nickel-phosphorus plating. In this embodiment, the first nickel coating layer 51b has a phosphorus concentration (phosphorus content) of 8 to 10 wt%, with the remainder being almost entirely nickel (nickel content 90 to 92 wt%), and the second nickel coating layer 51c has a phosphorus concentration of 1 to 3 wt%, with the remainder being almost entirely nickel (nickel content 97 to 99 wt%). This content does not include known impurities.

In a representative example of this embodiment, in order to stably form a multi-layered plating film layer, a zincate treatment was performed in advance to form a zinc film on the surface of the substrate 11d. The zinc film formed in this pretreatment process was replaced with nickel in an electroless plating solution for the first nickel film layer 51b to form the first nickel film layer 51b (plating film). The substrate was then immersed in an electroless plating solution for the second nickel film layer 51c to form the second nickel film layer 51c. As a result, a multi-layered nickel film layer 51d was produced (manufactured) as shown in FIG. 6.

The hardness of the prepared multi-layer nickel coating layer 51d was measured using a nanoindentation device TI-950 Triboindenter (product name) manufactured by Hysitron Co., Ltd., based on JIS Z2244. The hardness of the first nickel coating layer 51b was HV550-600, and the hardness of the second nickel coating layer 51c was HV650-700.

It is generally known that the lower the phosphorus concentration, the harder the nickel coating layer tends to be. In other words, by performing plating processes with different phosphorus concentrations multiple times, it is possible to form a multi-layered plating layer in which the hardness of each layer is controlled in stages. In this embodiment, a two-layer nickel coating layer 51d is formed by performing two plating processes, but as described above, a multi-layer nickel coating layer of three or more layers may also be used.

Figures 7A and 7B are an example of cross-sectional EDS elemental mapping near the interface 11e of the substrate 11d of the fixed scroll 11 in a representative example of this embodiment.

From the EDS element mapping (nickel: Ni) shown in Figure 7A, from the top there are slightly light black areas (51b and 51c in the figure), and below that there is a region where slightly light black areas and dark black areas are mixed (51a in the figure). Nickel (Ni) is present in the slightly light black areas, while aluminum (Al), an element other than nickel, is mainly present in the dark black areas.

From the EDS elemental mapping (phosphorus: P) shown in Figure 7B, the area represented in light grey is almost identical to the area represented in slightly light black in Figure 4A, which is a comparative example described in embodiment 1 above.

In Figure 7B, phosphorus (P) is present in the light grey area, while aluminum (Al) is mainly present in the black area below. The grey area above (51c in the figure) has a different hue than the grey area below (51b in the figure). This indicates a difference in phosphorus concentration, with the phosphorus concentration in the darker upper area (51c in the figure) being lower than that in the lower area (51b in the figure).

From Figures 7A and 7B, by observing the cross section of the base material 11d of the fixed scroll 11 with an SEM or TEM, etc. and performing EDS element mapping, it is possible to easily recognize that a mixed layer 51a composed of nickel (Ni) and aluminum (Al) and phosphorus (P), which are the main components of the base material 11d, is formed above the base material 11d (not shown), and a first nickel coating layer 51b composed mainly of nickel (Ni) and a second nickel coating layer 51c are formed above the mixed layer 51a.

Furthermore, aluminum (Al) is not present in the regions where nickel (Ni) and phosphorus (P) are present. This shows that the mixed layer 51a is not composed of the components (nickel and phosphorus) of the first nickel coating layer 51b and the second nickel coating layer 51c and the component (aluminum) of the substrate 11d as a compound, but rather nickel (Ni), phosphorus (P) and aluminum (Al) are individually and independently composed.

In addition, from these results, nickel (Ni) and phosphorus (P) have infiltrated into the interior of the base material 11d (aluminum alloy) from the interface 11e, and have a distribution that seems to take root. The thickness of the mixed layer 51a, not shown, was a maximum of about 600 nm.

That is, as is clear from the representative examples described above, in the sliding member according to the present disclosure, a mixed layer composed of at least nickel, aluminum (a component of substrate 11d), and phosphorus is formed beneath the nickel coating layer, and this mixed layer can be diagrammed as a configuration in which a "substrate component portion 51e" composed of aluminum (a component of substrate 11d) and a "coating layer component portion 51f" composed of nickel (Ni) and (P) are alternately arranged, as shown in FIG. 6.

Here, in this embodiment as well, in order to form the mixed layer 51a, as in the first embodiment, it is sufficient to set the phosphorus concentration in the first nickel coating layer 51b to at least 3 wt%, preferably 8 to 10 wt% as described above, and in this case too, as in the first embodiment, for example, the make-up bath temperature in the electroless nickel-phosphorus plating process can be set within a suitable range.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the phosphorus concentration of the nickel coating on the top surface (or outermost surface), i.e., the second nickel coating 51c, is set to 1 to 3 wt%, lower than that of the first nickel coating 51b (nickel coating in contact with the mixed layer 51a, nickel coating on the innermost surface) that contacts the substrate 11d. To form a nickel coating with such a low phosphorus concentration, the make-up bath temperature in the electroless nickel-phosphorus plating process can be set within the range of 60 to 100°C.

If the bath make-up temperature is lower than 60°C, depending on various conditions, the plating formation speed may become too slow, which may result in uneven deposition (a phenomenon in which the plating film (second nickel coating layer 51c) is only formed in places). On the other hand, if the bath make-up temperature is higher than 100°C, depending on various conditions, the plating formation speed may become too fast, making it difficult to control the film thickness stably during mass production. Furthermore, if the second nickel coating layer 51c is not formed well, this may also affect the first nickel coating layer 51b or mixed layer 51a located underneath it.

In particular, in fields such as compressors where long-term reliability is required, the bath make-up temperature for forming the nickel coating on the outermost surface can be set within the range of 70 to 95°C. Although it depends on various conditions, if the bath make-up temperature is within this range, the physical properties of the surface treatment film comprising multiple nickel coatings and the mixed layer 51a can be further improved.

[2-2. Operation]
The operation and function of the scroll compressor constructed as above will now be described.

In the scroll compressor of the above configuration, a surface treatment film harder than the base material 11d is formed on the surface of the base material 11d made of an aluminum alloy of the fixed scroll 11.

In this embodiment, the surface hardness of the first nickel coating layer 51b of the substrate 11d of the fixed scroll 11 is 4 to 12 times that of the substrate 11d. Here, if a hard surface treatment film is formed directly on the surface of the substrate 11d, the difference in hardness between the aluminum substrate and the surface treatment film, i.e., the difference in mechanical strength, becomes excessive. Therefore, when a shear force acts parallel to the interface due to frictional sliding, the hard surface treatment film peels off at the interface, or destruction such as "pulling" occurs involving the substrate directly below the interface. This can cause the hard surface treatment film to chip, exposing the aluminum substrate between the sliding surfaces.

In this embodiment, a configuration is adopted in which a mixed layer 51a composed of aluminum (Al), which is the main component of the base material 11d, nickel (Ni), and phosphorus (P), and a first nickel coating layer 51b composed mainly of nickel are formed on the surface of the base material 11d.

As a result, even if shear force due to frictional sliding acts, the mixed layer 51a formed by the components (nickel, phosphorus) of the first nickel coating layer 51b penetrating into the substrate 11d exhibits a so-called anchor effect, acting like a nail or a wedge. Therefore, even if there is a large difference in hardness between the substrate 11d and the surface treatment film, peeling or destruction near the interface 11e of the substrate 11d is avoided or suppressed, and sufficient coating adhesion can be ensured.

In addition, in this embodiment, the second nickel coating layer 51c has a lower phosphorus concentration (1 to 3 wt%) than the first nickel coating layer 51b. This makes the hardness (HV) of the outermost coating layer that slides against the mating material very high, ensuring significantly superior self-wear resistance.

On the other hand, the surface hardness of the opposing orbiting scroll 12 is lower than that of the fixed scroll 11, so the surface of the orbiting scroll 12 wears and becomes more comfortable during operation of the compressor. In other words, the tip protrusions (peaks) of the roughness of the sliding surface are truncated and flattened, reducing the local contact surface pressure and easing the sliding condition. This significantly prevents wear from progressing beyond the appropriate level.

[2-3. Effects, etc.]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the sliding member is configured to include the substrate 11d, the mixed layer 51a constituted of at least nickel and components of the substrate 11d, in this embodiment, aluminum and phosphorus, and the first nickel coating layer 51b and the second nickel coating layer 51c, in this embodiment, containing nickel as a main component, above the mixed layer 51a.

This allows the sliding member to have sufficient coating adhesion to avoid destruction or peeling of the coating near the substrate interface caused by the difference in hardness between the substrate and the hard coating.

In addition, the nickel coating layer has nickel as its main component, but as described above, it can be a multi-layer nickel coating layer having at least two layers, and the phosphorus concentration of the nickel coating layer on the mixed layer side can be higher than the phosphorus concentration of the nickel coating layer on the outermost surface side.

More specifically, the nickel coating layer on the mixed layer side (in this embodiment, the first nickel coating layer 51b) can have a phosphorus concentration higher than 3 wt%, and the nickel coating layer on the outermost surface side (in this embodiment, the second nickel coating layer 51c) can have a phosphorus concentration of 3 wt% or less.

This allows the sliding member to have sufficient coating adhesion in addition to the anti-seizure properties provided by the hard coating treatment. This makes it possible to avoid destruction or peeling of the coating near the substrate interface caused by the difference in hardness between the substrate and the hard coating. Moreover, in addition to anti-seizure properties and coating adhesion, the nickel coating layer on the outermost surface side can also have sufficient self-wear resistance.

In addition, in this embodiment and the first embodiment described above, the nickel coating layer is configured to contain phosphorus, but according to the inventors' previous efforts, the present disclosure is not limited to the incorporation of phosphorus, and boron may also be incorporated.

Nickel coating layers containing boron, and nickel coating layers containing both phosphorus and boron, can provide excellent adhesion strength and self-wear resistance, similar to nickel coating layers containing phosphorus. Therefore, the mixed layer only needs to contain at least one of phosphorus and boron in addition to the nickel and base material components.

The incorporation of boron into the nickel coating layer can be carried out in the same manner as the incorporation of phosphorus into the nickel coating layer in the above-described first embodiment or this embodiment by using a known method such as electroless nickel-boron composite plating. Therefore, by replacing the incorporation of phosphorus with boron, a person skilled in the art can easily understand the configuration and formation of a nickel coating layer containing boron.

Furthermore, if the nickel coating layer contains boron instead of phosphorus, or if it contains both phosphorus and boron, the phosphorus concentration described in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 can be replaced with the boron concentration.

In addition, when the nickel coating layer contains boron, the conditions described in the first or second embodiment can be applied to the electroless nickel-boron plating process as they are. Typically, the make-up bath temperature in the electroless nickel-boron plating process can be set within the range of 80 to 100°C, or within the range of 85 to 95°C. Alternatively, when multiple layers of nickel coating are formed as in the second embodiment, the make-up bath temperature can be set within the range of 60 to 100°C, or within the range of 70 to 95°C when forming the nickel coating on the outermost surface side by electroless nickel-boron plating. This allows the surface treatment film including the mixed layer to be preferably formed.

In addition, the nickel coating layer may contain components other than nickel, and the mixed layer may contain components other than nickel and phosphorus, or nickel and boron. The content of such other components is not particularly limited, and may be within a range that does not affect the coating adhesion and self-wear resistance. The nickel coating layer or mixed layer may contain unavoidable impurities from the technical common sense perspective, but such unavoidable impurities can be ignored as components of the nickel coating layer and mixed layer. Therefore, the lower limit of the content of other components may be an amount that exceeds the unavoidable impurities.

In the above-mentioned embodiments, the sliding member according to the present disclosure has been described as a compressor that compresses a refrigerant as a working medium, but it may be a compressor that compresses a working medium other than a refrigerant. Alternatively, the sliding member according to the present disclosure can be used not only in compressors, but also in car engines and the like to obtain the same effect. Therefore, it can also be applied to compressors that do not use a refrigerant as a working medium.

In this way, the sliding member according to the present disclosure can suppress damage or peeling of the coating near the substrate interface and ensure sufficient coating adhesion, thereby improving long-term reliability when used to form a sliding part.

Furthermore, since the compressor according to the present disclosure is equipped with the above-mentioned sliding member, it has improved reliability and efficiency, and is useful for refrigeration devices using a refrigeration cycle, such as freezers and refrigerators, hot water heating devices, air conditioners, water heaters, or freezers.

From the foregoing description, many improvements and other embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the foregoing description should be construed as illustrative only and is provided for the purpose of teaching those skilled in the art the best mode of carrying out the present invention. Details of the structure and/or function thereof may be substantially changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

The present invention can be widely and suitably used in the field of sliding members, and in particular in the field of compressors such as refrigerant compressors, or in the field of refrigeration cycles using such compressors, and further in fields having sliding parts similar to those of compressors.

1: sealed container 4: oil storage section 10: compression mechanism section 11: fixed scroll 11a: fixed scroll end plate 11b: fixed spiral wrap 11d: substrate 12: orbiting scroll 12a: orbiting scroll end plate 12b: orbiting spiral wrap 13: rotating shaft 20: electric mechanism section 41a, 51a: mixed layer 41b: nickel coating layer 51b first nickel coating layer 51c second nickel coating layer 51d: multi-layer nickel coating layer (nickel coating layer)

Claims (13)

A substrate;
A mixed layer composed of at least nickel, a component of the base material, and phosphorus and/or boron;
a nickel coating layer containing nickel , phosphorus and/or boron on the mixed layer;
Equipped with
The mixed layer is configured so that a component of the nickel coating layer and a component of the substrate exist independently .
Sliding member. The mixed layer is formed by the components of the nickel coating layer penetrating into the substrate .
The sliding member according to claim 1 . The mixed layer has a thickness of 100 nm or more and 1000 nm or less.
The sliding member according to claim 1 or 2. The nickel coating layer has a phosphorus concentration or a boron concentration of more than 3 wt %.
The sliding member according to claim 1 . When the nickel coating layer is at least two layers,
The phosphorus concentration or boron concentration of the nickel coating layer on the mixed layer side is higher than the phosphorus concentration or boron concentration of the nickel coating layer on the outermost surface side.
The sliding member according to claim 1 . The nickel coating layer on the mixed layer side has a phosphorus concentration or a boron concentration higher than 3 wt %.
The sliding member according to claim 5 . The nickel coating layer on the outermost surface side has a phosphorus concentration or a boron concentration of 3 wt % or less.
The sliding member according to claim 5 or 6. The nickel coating layer is electroless nickel-phosphorus composite plating or electroless nickel-boron composite plating.
The sliding member according to claim 1 . The nickel coating layer has a thickness of 2 μm or more.
The sliding member according to claim 1 . The substrate is an alloy mainly composed of aluminum and has a hardness of HV50 to 200.
The sliding member according to claim 1 . a compression mechanism for compressing a refrigerant;
an electric mechanism that drives the compression mechanism;
a sealed container that houses the compression mechanism and the electric mechanism and has an oil reservoir at the bottom that reserves lubricating oil;
Equipped with
A sliding part using the sliding member according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is included.
Compressor. The compression mechanism includes a fixed scroll, a rotating scroll, and a rotating shaft that drives the rotating scroll to rotate.
The sliding member is used for at least one of the fixed scroll and the orbiting scroll.
The compressor according to claim 11. A refrigeration system using the compressor according to any one of claims 11 and 12.