JP7564119B2 - ナルトレキソン及びカンナビノイドを含む癌の治療 - Google Patents
ナルトレキソン及びカンナビノイドを含む癌の治療 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7564119B2 JP7564119B2 JP2021555609A JP2021555609A JP7564119B2 JP 7564119 B2 JP7564119 B2 JP 7564119B2 JP 2021555609 A JP2021555609 A JP 2021555609A JP 2021555609 A JP2021555609 A JP 2021555609A JP 7564119 B2 JP7564119 B2 JP 7564119B2
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Description
ンナビノイドが投与される順序に依存し、最も効果的な投与計画がLDN又は6BNでの治療相に続くカンナビノイドでの治療相であることを見出した。
i.回復相の後又はその間に対象から得られた試料を、CB2に特異的なプローブと接触させるステップと;
ii.試料中のCB2の濃度を決定するステップと;
iii.試料中のCB2の濃度を、第一の治療相の前に対象から得られた試料から決定されたCB2の濃度と比較するステップと、
を含み、
CB2濃度が、第一の治療相後に少なくとも2倍増加していれば、対象は、第二の治療相に適しており、対象は、化学療法剤を投与されているか、又は化学療法剤の投与が終わっている。
ナビノイドの使用が提供され、前記医薬は、併用治療レジメンの第二の治療相で投与され、前記治療レジメンは、第一の治療相に続いて第二の治療相を含み、対象は、第一の治療相でナルトレキソン、又はその代謝産物あるいはメチルナルトレキソン、ナロキソン、ナルメフェン及びナロルフィンからなる群から選択される類似体を投与され、対象は、治療レジメンの前に、その間に、又はそれに続いて化学療法剤を投与される。
すプライミング効果を有し、化学療法剤との併用で結果的に、別々若しくは同時投与、又はカンナビノイドとその後のLDNの段階的投与、又は化学療法剤のみの継続的投与より効果的に癌細胞増殖を阻害することが、本発明者らにより見出された。
本明細書で用いられる「ナルトレキソン」は、化合物17-シクロプロピルメチル-4,5α-エポキシ-3,14-ジヒドロキシモルフィナン-6-オン(IUPAC名((4R,4aS,7aR,12bS)-3-(シクロプロピルメチル)-4a,9-ジヒドロキシ-2,4,5,6,7a,13-ヘキサヒドロ-1H-4,12-メタノベンゾフロ[3,2-e]イソキノリン-7-オン))、並びにその医薬的に許容できる塩、溶媒和物、水和物、ラセミ体、立体異性体、包摂体、多形及びプロドラッグをいう。その類似体もまた、本発明による使用に想定される。適切な類似体としては、メチルナルトレキソン、ナロキソン、ナルメフェン、及びナロルフィンが挙げられる。
N-アラキドノイルドーパミン、ビローダミン、ドロナビノール、ナビロン、リモナバント、R-(+)-メタ-アナンダミド、WIN-55,212-2、HU-210、JWH-133、SR141716、SR144528若しくはそれらの組み合わせ、又は同等の効果をもたらすそれらの医薬的に許容できる塩、溶媒和物、水和物、ラセミ体、立体異性体、包摂体、多形、プロドラッグ及び類似体を含有するリストから選択される。
、イスピネシブ、モナストロール、AZD4877、LY2523355、ARRY-520、MK-0731、SB743921、GSK923295、ロナファルニブ、proTAME、ボルテゾミブ、MLN9708、ONX0912、CEP-18770;それらの組み合わせ;並びに上記のいずれかの医薬的に許容できる塩、溶媒和物、水和物、立体異性体、包摂体及びプロドラッグが挙げられるが、これらに限定されず;細胞周期阻害剤の特に適する例としては、ヘスペラジン、ZM447439、VX-680、MLN-8054、PHA-739358、AT-9283、AZD1152、MLN8237、ENMD2076、SU6668;それらの組み合わせ;及びオーロラキナーゼの他の阻害剤;並びに上記のいずれかの医薬的に許容できる塩、溶媒和物、水和物、立体異性体、包摂体及びプロドラッグが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
されることになる。好ましくは血中ビタミンD濃度は、40~220ng/mlの範囲内に上昇され、より好ましくは血中ビタミンD濃度は、40~90ng/mlの範囲内に上昇される。
診断された病気若しくは障害を治癒する、緩徐にする、および/又は病気若しくは障害の進行を停止させる治療手段と、標的となる病気又は障害の発症を予防する、および/又は緩徐にする防護的又は予防的手段の両方をいう。それゆえ、治療を必要とするものとしては、障害を既に有するもの、障害を有し易いもの、及び障害が予防されるべきものが挙げられる。幾つかの例では、対象が、以下のものの1つ又は複数を示す場合、対象は、本発明に従って腫瘍/癌がうまく「治療されている」:癌細胞の数の低減若しくは完全な非存在;腫瘍サイズの低減;例えば軟組織及び骨への癌の伝播など、周囲臓器への癌細胞浸潤の阻害若しくは非存在;腫瘍転移の阻害若しくは非存在;腫瘍成長の阻害若しくは非存在;罹患率及び死亡率の低減;腫瘍発生率、腫瘍発生頻度、若しくは腫瘍の腫瘍発生能力の低減;腫瘍中の癌幹細胞の数若しくは頻度の低減;腫瘍発生細胞から非腫瘍発生状態への分化;又は効果の幾つかの組み合わせ。
1つの例示的で非限定的な実験が、MCF7(乳癌)細胞の培養物で実行された。手短に述べると、10nMのLDN又は1μM若しくは10μMの6BNが、インビトロで培養物に2日間投与され、その後、BAD、p21、オピオイド受容体カッパ及びミュー、CB1、CB2、並びにGAPDH(ローディング対照として)の発現レベルが、ウェスタンブロットを介して分析され、次にバンドの密度測定を介して定量された。
Photoshop CS3、v10.0を用いて決定され、ローディング対照に対して標準化された。
なった。これは、図1で認められ得る。
別の例示的で非限定的な実験が、MCF7(乳癌)細胞の培養物で実行された。手短に述べると、培養物がLDN又は6BNで2日間治療され、その後、カンナビノイドがさらに2日間投与された。細胞数及び生存率が、4日目に評価された。各治療剤の投与順が逆転されて、実験が繰り返された。
・ A549(肺癌)及びHCT116(結腸癌)細胞が、表1のスケジュールに従って薬物と共に培養された。このスケジュールは、合計96時間継続した。
・ 治療が、2つのブロックに分割され、それぞれが48時間継続した。3種の異なる治療相で3種の異なる薬物を用いた細胞テストの複雑さにより、CBD及びLDNは1つの治療相で一緒に投与され、化学療法剤は他の治療相で投与された。
・ 2つのブロックの間に休薬期間があり、そこで薬物を含有する枯渇した培地が除去され、その後、細胞が洗浄された後、治療の次のブロックを含有する新鮮な培地が添加された。
・ 化学療法剤は、ゲムシタビン(GEM)又はオキサリプラチン(OXP)であり、およそIC20濃度(1μM)で使用された。低用量ナルトレキソン(LDN)が、10nMで用いられ、カンナビノイド(CBD)が、1μMで使用された。「0」は、何も投与されなかったことを意味し、対照として用いられる。
・ 細胞数及び細胞生存率のパーセント値が、96時間目に評価された。その後、データが統合されて、全体的効果に及ぼす順序の効果を比較した。
ことを示している。これは、連続化学療法より良好な、又はそれと同等の全体的有効性を維持するが、有意に低減された量の化学療法を利用する効果的な治療レジメンを可能にし、それはその後、患者が受ける化学療法関連の毒性を低減し得るため有益である。
Cridge, B. & Rosengren, R (2013) Critical appraisal of the potential use of cannabinoids in cancer management. Cancer Management and Research 2013:5 301-313
Claims (22)
- (a)ナルトレキソン、
(b)6-β-ナルトレキソール、2-ヒドロキシ-3-メトキシ-6β-ナルトレキソー
ル及び2-ヒドロキシ-3-メトキシナルトレキソンからなる群から選択される、その代謝産物、又は
(c)メチルナルトレキソン、ナロキソン、ナルメフェン及びナロルフィンからなる群から
選択される類似体
を含む、対象の癌の治療における使用のための医薬組成物であって、前記対象は、前記治療の前に、前記治療の間に、又は前記治療に続いて化学療法剤が投与され、前記ナルトレキソン、その代謝産物又はいずれかの類似体の治療有効量が、第一の治療相で前記対象に投与され、前記第一の治療相の後、前記対象が、第二の治療相でカンナビノイドの治療有効量を投与される、医薬組成物。 - カンナビノイドを含む、対象の癌の治療における使用のための医薬組成物であって、前記対象が、
(a)ナルトレキソン、
(b)6-β-ナルトレキソール、2-ヒドロキシ-3-メトキシ-6β-ナルトレキソー
ル及び2-ヒドロキシ-3-メトキシナルトレキソンからなる群から選択される、その代謝産物、又は
(c)メチルナルトレキソン、ナロキソン、ナルメフェン及びナロルフィンからなる群から
選択される類似体
の治療有効量を投与される第一の治療相を受け終わっていることを特徴とし、前記第一の治療相に続いて、前記カンナビノイドの治療量が、前記対象に投与され、前記対象が、前記治療の前に、前記治療の間に、又は前記治療に続いて化学療法剤を投与される、医薬組成物。 - (i)(a)ナルトレキソン、
(b)6-β-ナルトレキソール、2-ヒドロキシ-3-メトキシ-6β-ナルトレキソー
ル及び2-ヒドロキシ-3-メトキシナルトレキソンからなる群から選択される、その代謝産物、又は
(c)メチルナルトレキソン、ナロキソン、ナルメフェン及びナロルフィンからなる群から
選択される類似体を含む組成物、及び
(ii)カンナビノイドを含む組成物、
を含む、対象の癌の治療における使用のための、医薬の組み合わせ物であって、前記ナルトレキソン又はその代謝産物又はいずれかの類似体が、治療有効量で提供されて第一の治療相で前記対象に投与され、前記カンナビノイドが、治療有効量で提供されて前記第一の治療相に続く第二の治療相で前記対象に投与され、前記対象が、前記治療の前に、前記治療の間に、又は前記治療に続いて化学療法剤を提供される、組み合わせ物。 - 前記第一の治療相が、少なくとも2日間の投与のためである、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物又は組み合わせ物。
- 前記第一の治療相及び第二の治療相が、回復相により分離されて、前記回復相が、前記ナルトレキソン、代謝産物又は類似体と、前記カンナビノイドと、前記化学療法剤と、の投与の非存在を特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物又は組み合わせ物。
- 前記回復相が、少なくとも1日間である、請求項5に記載の医薬組成物又は組み合わせ物。
- 前記回復相が、1~7日の範囲内である、請求項5に記載の医薬組成物又は組み合わせ物。
- 前記第二の治療相が、少なくとも1日間の投与のためである、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物又は組み合わせ物。
- ナルトレキソンを含む、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物又は組み合わせ物。
- 6-β-ナルトレキソールを含む、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物又は組み合わせ物。
- 前記カンナビノイドが、カンナビジオール、カンナビジオール酸、カンナビノール、カンナビゲロール、カンナビバリン、テトラヒドロカンナビバリン、カンナビジバリン、カンナビクロメン、アラキドノイルエタノールアミン、2-アラキドノイルグリセロール、2-アラキドノイルグリセリルエーテル、N-アラキドノイルドーパミン、ビローダミン、ドロナビノール、ナビロン、リモナバント、又はそれらの組み合わせからなるリストから選択される、請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物又は組み合わせ物。
- 前記カンナビノイドが、カンナビジオールである、請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物又は組み合わせ物。
- 前記化学療法剤が、PI3キナーゼ阻害剤、AKT阻害剤、タキサン、代謝抑制剤、アルキル化剤、細胞周期阻害剤、トポイソメラーゼ阻害剤及び細胞障害性抗体からなる群から選択される、請求項1~12のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物又は組み合わせ物。
- 前記化学療法剤が、前記第一の治療相の間に投与される、請求項1~13のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物又は組み合わせ物。
- 前記化学療法剤が、前記第二の治療相の間に投与される、請求項1~14のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物又は組み合わせ物。
- 前記化学療法剤が、前記第二の治療相に続いて投与される、請求項1~15のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物又は組み合わせ物。
- 前記癌が、乳癌である、請求項1~16のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物又は組み合わせ物。
- 前記癌が、肺癌又は結腸癌である、請求項1~16のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物又は組み合わせ物。
- 第二の治療相におけるカンナビノイドでの治療のための、癌の対象の適合性を決定するための方法であって、前記対象が、請求項1~18のいずれかに記載の第一の治療相を受け終わっていることを特徴とし、
i.回復相の後又はその間に前記対象から得られた試料を、CB2に特異的なプローブと接触させるステップと;
ii.前記試料中のCB2の濃度を決定するステップと;
iii.前記試料中のCB2の前記濃度を、前記第一の治療相の前に前記対象から得られた試料から決定されたCB2の濃度と比較するステップと、
を含み、
前記CB2濃度が、第一の治療相後に少なくとも2倍増加していれば、前記対象が、前記第二の治療相に適しており、前記対象が、化学療法剤を投与されているか、又は化学療法剤の投与が終わっている、方法。 - 前記試料が、前記患者から得られた腫瘍生検である、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、乳癌を有する、請求項19又は20に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、肺癌又は結腸癌を有する、請求項19又は20に記載の方法。
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US20220143010A1 (en) | 2022-05-12 |
EP3937914B1 (en) | 2023-08-09 |
AU2020242318A1 (en) | 2021-10-14 |
EP3937914A1 (en) | 2022-01-19 |
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