JP7560150B2 - 二次電池及びそのための製造方法 - Google Patents
二次電池及びそのための製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7560150B2 JP7560150B2 JP2022510936A JP2022510936A JP7560150B2 JP 7560150 B2 JP7560150 B2 JP 7560150B2 JP 2022510936 A JP2022510936 A JP 2022510936A JP 2022510936 A JP2022510936 A JP 2022510936A JP 7560150 B2 JP7560150 B2 JP 7560150B2
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- negative electrode
- lithium
- active material
- silicon
- secondary battery
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- SIXOAUAWLZKQKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;prop-1-ene Chemical compound CC=C.OC(O)=O SIXOAUAWLZKQKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006231 channel black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Co] CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000010220 ion permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni] RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWAIALBIBWIKKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium titanium Chemical compound [Li].[Ti] SWAIALBIBWIKKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005569 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002296 pyrolytic carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010333 wet classification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
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Description
本発明の実施形態による二次電池は、正極、負極、及び電解質を含み、前記正極は金属酸化物活物質を含み、前記負極はシリコン系負極活物質を含み、前記負極は、負極の初期不可逆容量に相当する量で、リチウムでプリドープされている。
MxSiOy
0.5<{TA×DA×CA0(100-ICE)/100}/CLt×(CLa/CLt)}×TL×DL<TL<{TA×DA×CA0(100-ICE)/100}/CLt×(CLa/CLt)×DL
TA:負極の厚さ(μm)
DA:負極の密度(g/cm3)
ICE:初期効率(%)
CA0:負極の第1の充電容量(mAh/g)
CLt:リチウムの理論容量(3、600mAh/g)
CLa:リチウムの実容量(mAh/g)
TL:リチウム金属板の厚さ(μm)
DL:リチウム金属板の密度(0.53g/cm3)
CnH(2n+2-A)[OH]A
式2において、nは1~20の整数であり、Aは0又は1であり、
CmH2m
式3において、mは2~6の整数であり、
CxHyOz
式4において、xは1~20の整数であり、yは0~20の整数であり、及びzは1又は2である。
炭素含有量:5.1重量%
負極活物質の平均粒径(D50):5.3μm
炭素含有量:5.1重量%
負極活物質の平均粒径(D50):5.3μm
炭素含有量:5重量%
シリコン系負極活物質の平均粒径(D50):7.0μm
炭素含有量:5.1重量%
シリコン系負極活物質の平均粒径(D50):5.3μm
SiOxにおける炭素複合材料の量:SiOxに対して5重量%
SiOx炭素複合材料の粒子径(D50):7.0μm
20:液体電解質
30:リチウム金属板
Claims (12)
- 正極、負極、及び電解質を含む二次電池であって、前記正極は金属酸化物活物質を含み、前記負極はシリコン系負極活物質を含み、及び前記負極は、負極の初期不可逆容量に相当する量で、リチウムでドープされており、前記シリコン系負極活物質は、その表面にカーボンフィルムを含むカーボン層を含み、前記負極活物質の粒径分布における累積50%平均粒径(D50)が0.5μm~15μmであり、前記シリコン系負極活物質は、MgSiO 3 結晶及びMg 2 SiO 4 結晶を含み、X線回折分析において、2θ=22.3°~23.3°の範囲に現れるMg 2 SiO 4 結晶に相当するX線回折ピークの強度(IF)の2θ=30.5°~31.5°の範囲に現れるMgSiO 3 結晶に相当するX線回折ピークの強度(IE)に対する比(IF/IE)が1以下である、二次電池。
- 前記金属酸化物活物質は、コバルト酸リチウム、マンガン酸リチウム、又はその混合物を含むスピネル構造を有する酸化物を含む、請求項1の二次電池。
- 前記シリコン系負極活物質は、シリコン微粒子、SiOx(0.3≦x≦1.6)で表される化合物、二酸化ケイ素、及びマグネシウム、カルシウム、アルミニウム、又はその組み合わせを含むシリケートからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1の二次電池。
- 前記カーボン層は、前記負極活物質の総重量に基づき、2重量%~10重量%の量で炭素を含む、請求項1の二次電池。
- 前記カーボン層は、カーボンナノファイバ、グラフェン、及び還元型酸化グラフェンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1の二次電池。
- 次の関係1を満たし、リチウムドーピングのためのリチウム金属板が10μm~30μmの厚さ及び0.3g/cm3~0.8g/cm3の密度を有する、請求項1の二次電池。
[関係1]
0.5<{TA×DA×CA0(100-ICE)/100}/CLt×(CLa/CLt)}×TL×DL<TL<{TA×DA×CA0(100-ICE)/100}/CLt×(CLa/CLt)×DL
関係1において、
TA:負極の厚さ(μm)
DA:負極の密度(g/cm3)
ICE:初期効率(%)
CA0:負極の第1の充電容量(mAh/g)
CLt:リチウムの理論容量(3,600mAh/g)
CLa:リチウムの実容量(mAh/g)
TL:リチウム金属板の厚さ(μm)
DL:リチウム金属板の密度(0.53g/cm3) - (1-1)シリコン系負極活物質を含む負極活物質組成物を負極集電体に適用して、負極を調製する工程;
(1-2)負極とリチウム金属板との間にセパレータを置いて、セルを調製する工程;
(1-3)工程(1-2)において得られるセルを電気化学的に活性化して、リチウムで負極をプリドープする工程;及び
(1-4)リチウムでプリドープされた負極を使用して、二次電池を製造する工程
を含む、請求項1の二次電池を製造するための方法。 - 工程(1-3)において、負極及びリチウム金属板を電気化学的に接触させる間、リチウムの吸着及び脱着を起こすことにより、負極の初期不可逆容量に相当する量で、リチウムで負極をプリドープする工程を含む、請求項7に記載の二次電池を製造するための方法。
- 工程(1-3)において、ひとたび負極がリチウムで電気化学的にプリドープされたとき、負極の初期不可逆容量に相当するリチウムの量以外のリチウムの量が放出されてプリドープが実行される、請求項7に記載の二次電池を製造するための方法。
- (2-1)シリコン系負極活物質を含む負極活物質組成物を負極集電体に適用して、負極を調製する工程;
(2-2)反応器中に負極及びリチウム金属板を配置し、酸化還元反応を実行してリチウムで負極をプリドープする工程;及び
(2-3)リチウムでプリドープされた負極、セパレータ、金属酸化物活物質を含む正極を連続的に積層して、電極を調製する工程
を含む、請求項1の二次電池を製造するための方法。 - 工程(2-2)において、酸化還元反応を一度以上実行して、プリドープの後、負極に過剰量にドープされたリチウムを除く、請求項10に記載の二次電池を製造するための方法。
- 前記シリコン系負極活物質は、シリコン粉末及び二酸化ケイ素粉末を混合してシリコン-シリコン酸化物原料粉末混合物を得る工程;前記原料粉末混合物を加熱及び蒸着してシリコン酸化物複合材料を得る工程;及び前記シリコン酸化物複合材料を粉砕及び分級してシリコン系負極活物質を得る工程、により得られる、請求項7又は10に記載の二次電池を製造するための方法。
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