JP7530615B2 - 結晶、半導体素子および半導体装置 - Google Patents
結晶、半導体素子および半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7530615B2 JP7530615B2 JP2020002605A JP2020002605A JP7530615B2 JP 7530615 B2 JP7530615 B2 JP 7530615B2 JP 2020002605 A JP2020002605 A JP 2020002605A JP 2020002605 A JP2020002605 A JP 2020002605A JP 7530615 B2 JP7530615 B2 JP 7530615B2
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 30
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- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
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- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D64/00—Electrodes of devices having potential barriers
- H10D64/60—Electrodes characterised by their materials
- H10D64/62—Electrodes ohmically coupled to a semiconductor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/36—Selection of materials, or shaping, to facilitate cooling or heating, e.g. heatsinks
- H01L23/367—Cooling facilitated by shape of device
- H01L23/3675—Cooling facilitated by shape of device characterised by the shape of the housing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D62/00—Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers
- H10D62/80—Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers characterised by the materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D8/00—Diodes
- H10D8/60—Schottky-barrier diodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
- H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D62/00—Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers
- H10D62/10—Shapes, relative sizes or dispositions of the regions of the semiconductor bodies; Shapes of the semiconductor bodies
- H10D62/117—Shapes of semiconductor bodies
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Description
また、特許文献3には、β-Ga2O3を半導体として用い、これに適合したショットキー特性が得られる電極として、Au、Pt、あるいはNiおよびAuの積層体のいずれかを用いた半導体素子が記載されている。
しかしながら、特許文献1~3に記載の電極を、α-Ga2O3を半導体として用いた半導体素子に適用した場合、ショットキー電極やオーミック電極として機能しなかったり、電極が膜に接合しなかったり、半導体特性が損なわれたりするなどの問題があった。さらに、特許文献1~3に記載の電極構成は、電極端部からリーク電流が発生してしまうなど、半導体素子として実用上満足できるようなものを得ることができていなかった。
また、本発明者らは、上記知見を得た後、さらに検討を重ねて本発明を完成させるに至った。
[1] コランダム構造を有し、且つガリウムまたは/およびインジウムを含有する結晶性酸化物を主成分として含む結晶であって、前記結晶性酸化物が、さらに周期律表第4族金属を含むことを特徴とする結晶。
[2] 周期律表第4族金属が、チタン、ジルコニウムおよびハフニウムから選ばれる少なくとも1種の金属を含む前記[1]記載の結晶。
[3] 周期律表第4族金属が、チタンである前記[1]または[2]に記載の結晶。
[4] 前記結晶性酸化物が、ガリウムを含有する前記[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の結晶。
[5] 膜状である、前記[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の結晶。
[6] 導電性を有する、前記[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載の結晶。
[7] 前記[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の結晶を含む半導体素子。
[8] 半導体層と電極とを少なくとも備える半導体装置であって、前記電極が、前記[6]記載の結晶を含むことを特徴とする半導体素子。
[9] 前記半導体層が結晶性酸化物半導体を主成分として含む前記[8]記載の半導体素子。
[10] 前記結晶性酸化物半導体がコランダム構造を有する前記[9]記載の半導体素子。
[11] 前記結晶性酸化物半導体が、アルミニウム、ガリウムおよびインジウムから選ばれる1種または2種以上の金属を含む前記[9]または[10]に記載の半導体素子。
[12] 縦型デバイスである、前記[7]~[11]のいずれかに記載の半導体素子。
[13] パワーデバイスである前記[7]~[12]のいずれかに記載の半導体素子。
[14] 少なくとも半導体素子がリードフレーム、回路基板または放熱基板と接合部材によって接合されて構成される半導体装置であって、前記半導体素子が、前記[7]~[13]のいずれかに記載の半導体素子である半導体装置。
[15] パワーモジュール、インバータまたはコンバータである前記[14]記載の半導体装置。
[16] パワーカードである前記[14]または[15]に記載の半導体装置。
[17] 半導体素子または半導体装置を備える半導体システムであって、前記半導体素子が、前記[7]~[13]のいずれかに記載の半導体素子であり、前記半導体装置が、前記[14]~[16]のいずれかに記載の半導体装置であることを特徴とする半導体システム。
霧化工程では、前記原料溶液を霧化する。前記原料溶液の霧化方法は、前記原料溶液を霧化できさえすれば特に限定されず、公知の方法であってよいが、本発明においては、超音波を用いる霧化方法が好ましい。超音波を用いて得られた霧化液滴は、初速度がゼロであり、空中に浮遊するので好ましく、例えば、スプレーのように吹き付けるのではなく、空間に浮遊してガスとして搬送することが可能な霧化液滴(ミストを含む)であるので衝突エネルギーによる損傷がないため、非常に好適である。液滴サイズは、特に限定されず、数mm程度の液滴であってもよいが、好ましくは50μm以下であり、より好ましくは100nm~10μmである。
前記原料溶液は、霧化が可能であり、半導体膜を形成可能な原料を含んでいれば特に限定されず、無機材料であっても、有機材料であってもよい。本発明においては、前記原料が、金属または金属化合物であるのが好ましく、アルミニウム、ガリウム、インジウム、鉄、クロム、バナジウム、チタン、ロジウム、ニッケル、コバルトおよびイリジウムから選ばれる1種または2種以上の金属を含むのがより好ましい。
搬送工程では、キャリアガスでもって前記霧化液滴を成膜室内に搬送する。前記キャリアガスとしては、本発明の目的を阻害しない限り特に限定されず、例えば、酸素、オゾン、窒素やアルゴン等の不活性ガス、または水素ガスやフォーミングガス等の還元ガスなどが好適な例として挙げられる。また、キャリアガスの種類は1種類であってよいが、2種類以上であってもよく、流量を下げた希釈ガス(例えば10倍希釈ガス等)などを、第2のキャリアガスとしてさらに用いてもよい。また、キャリアガスの供給箇所も1箇所だけでなく、2箇所以上あってもよい。キャリアガスの流量は、特に限定されないが、0.01~20L/分であるのが好ましく、1~10L/分であるのがより好ましい。希釈ガスの場合には、希釈ガスの流量が、0.001~2L/分であるのが好ましく、0.1~1L/分であるのがより好ましい。
成膜工程では、前記基体近傍で前記霧化液滴を熱反応させることによって、基体上に、前記半導体膜を成膜する。熱反応は、熱でもって前記霧化液滴が反応すればそれでよく、反応条件等も本発明の目的を阻害しない限り特に限定されない。本工程においては、前記熱反応を、通常、溶媒の蒸発温度以上の温度で行うが、高すぎない温度(例えば1000℃)以下が好ましく、650℃以下がより好ましく、300℃~650℃が最も好ましい。また、熱反応は、本発明の目的を阻害しない限り、真空下、非酸素雰囲気下(例えば、不活性ガス雰囲気下等)、還元ガス雰囲気下および酸素雰囲気下のいずれの雰囲気下で行われてもよいが、不活性ガス雰囲気下または酸素雰囲気下で行われるのが好ましい。また、大気圧下、加圧下および減圧下のいずれの条件下で行われてもよいが、本発明においては、大気圧下で行われるのが好ましい。なお、前記半導体膜の膜厚は、成膜時間を調整することにより、設定することができる。
前記基体は、前記半導体膜を支持できるものであれば特に限定されない。前記基体の材料も、本発明の目的を阻害しない限り特に限定されず、公知の基体であってよく、有機化合物であってもよいし、無機化合物であってもよい。前記基体の形状としては、どのような形状のものであってもよく、あらゆる形状に対して有効であり、例えば、平板や円板等の板状、繊維状、棒状、円柱状、角柱状、筒状、螺旋状、球状、リング状などが挙げられるが、本発明においては、基板が好ましい。基板の厚さは、本発明においては特に限定されない。
101a 第1の半導体層
101b 第2の半導体層
102 オーミック電極
102a 金属酸化物層(結晶)
102b 金属層
102c 金属層
103 ショットキー電極
103a 金属層
103b 金属層
103c 金属層
104 絶縁体膜
108 多孔質層
109 基板
110 結晶成長用基板
170 電源システム
171 電源装置
172 電源装置
173 制御回路
180 システム装置
181 電子回路
182 電源システム
192 インバータ
193 トランス
194 整流MOSFET
195 DCL
196 PWM制御回路
197 電圧比較器
201 両面冷却型パワーカード
202 冷媒チューブ
203 スペーサ
208 絶縁板(絶縁スペーサ)
209 封止樹脂部
221 隔壁
222 流路
301a 半導体チップ
302b 金属伝熱板(突出端子部)
303 ヒートシンク及び電極
303b 金属伝熱板(突出端子部)
304 はんだ層
305 制御電極端子
308 ボンディングワイヤ
500 半導体素子
501 半田
502 リードフレーム、回路基板または放熱基板
Claims (15)
- コランダム構造を有し、且つガリウムまたは/およびインジウムを含有する結晶性酸化物を主成分として含む結晶であって、前記結晶性酸化物が、さらにチタンを含み、前記結晶性酸化物に含まれる金属元素中のチタンの原子比が0.5より大きいことを特徴とする結晶。
- 前記結晶性酸化物が、ガリウムを含有する請求項1に記載の結晶。
- 膜状である請求項1または2に記載の結晶。
- 導電性を有する、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の結晶。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の結晶を含む半導体素子。
- 半導体層と電極とを少なくとも備える半導体素子であって、前記電極が、請求項4に記載の結晶を含むことを特徴とする半導体素子。
- 前記半導体層が結晶性酸化物半導体を主成分として含む請求項6に記載の半導体素子。
- 前記結晶性酸化物半導体がコランダム構造を有する請求項7に記載の半導体素子。
- 前記結晶性酸化物半導体が、アルミニウム、ガリウムおよびインジウムから選ばれる1種または2種以上の金属を含む請求項7または8に記載の半導体素子。
- 縦型デバイスである、請求項5~9のいずれかに記載の半導体素子。
- パワーデバイスである請求項5~10のいずれかに記載の半導体素子。
- 少なくとも半導体素子がリードフレーム、回路基板または放熱基板と接合部材によって接合されて構成される半導体装置であって、前記半導体素子が、請求項5~11のいずれかに記載の半導体素子である半導体装置。
- パワーモジュール、インバータまたはコンバータである請求項12に記載の半導体装置。
- パワーカードである請求項12または13に記載の半導体装置。
- 半導体素子または半導体装置を備える半導体システムであって、前記半導体素子が、請求項5~11のいずれかに記載の半導体素子であり、前記半導体装置が、請求項12~14のいずれかに記載の半導体装置であることを特徴とする半導体システム。
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CN202110025009.8A CN113113482A (zh) | 2020-01-10 | 2021-01-08 | 晶体、半导体元件、半导体装置及半导体系统 |
US17/145,651 US20210217869A1 (en) | 2020-01-10 | 2021-01-11 | Crystal, semiconductor element and semiconductor device |
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JP2017036205A (ja) | 2015-08-11 | 2017-02-16 | 出光興産株式会社 | 導電体並びにそれを用いた基板及び積層体 |
WO2017175612A1 (ja) | 2016-04-04 | 2017-10-12 | 三菱電機株式会社 | パワーモジュール、パワー半導体装置及びパワーモジュール製造方法 |
JP2018188677A (ja) | 2017-04-28 | 2018-11-29 | 東ソー株式会社 | 金属酸化物透明導電膜及びその製造方法 |
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US20210217869A1 (en) | 2021-07-15 |
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JP2021111694A (ja) | 2021-08-02 |
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