JP7513858B1 - Seismic control structure - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a vibration-control structure that leads to effective use of space within a building. [Solution] Vibration-control structure 1 has a wooden structure section 2 and a high-rigidity structure section 3. Wooden structure section 2 is formed using wooden materials and includes a rigid frame structure 20 whose structural surface is in the x-direction of a plane. High-rigidity structure section 3 includes a rigid frame structure 30 whose structural surface is in the x-direction and has higher rigidity in the x-direction than wooden structure section 2. Rigid frame structure 20 of wooden structure section 2 and rigid frame structure 30 of high-rigidity structure section 3, which are separated in the y-direction in a plan view, are connected via a horizontal damper 4 installed in the horizontal direction, and horizontal damper 4 absorbs vibrations in the x-direction by utilizing the difference in displacement in the x-direction between wooden structure section 2 and high-rigidity structure section 3. [Selected Figure] Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to seismic control structures, etc.

Wooden structures are effective as a means of reducing _CO2 emissions as a measure against global warming, and can also improve design by exposing the wood. However, due to their low rigidity and strength, it has traditionally been difficult to apply wooden structures to large-scale buildings. However, with the recent spread of large-scale laminated timber, wooden structures have begun to be applied to large-scale buildings, and one example is a wooden rigid frame structure that combines wooden columns and wooden beams in a gate shape (for example, Patent Document 1, etc.).

Patent No. 3990715

However, because wooden rigid frame structures have less rigidity and strength than RC (reinforced concrete) or S (steel frame) construction, it is difficult to rationally and effectively use them as earthquake-resistant elements in buildings. For this reason, measures such as increasing the number of columns and enlarging the cross-sections of components are currently adopted, but as a result of taking these measures, the area occupied by columns and beams inside the building increases, reducing the amount of space that can be effectively used inside the building.

The present invention was made in consideration of the above problems, and aims to provide a seismic control structure etc. that leads to effective use of the space inside a building.

The first invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a seismic control structure that has a wooden structure section formed using wooden materials and that has a rigid frame structure with a structural surface in one direction in a plane, and a high-rigidity structure section that has a rigid frame structure with a structural surface in the one direction and has a higher rigidity in the one direction than the wooden structure section, and the rigid frame structure of the wooden structure section and the rigid frame structure of the high-rigidity structure section are separated in a direction different from the one direction in a plan view, and are connected via a horizontal damper installed in the horizontal direction, and the horizontal damper absorbs vibrations in the one direction by utilizing the displacement difference in the one direction between the wooden structure section and the high-rigidity structure section.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned configuration allows for the use of wooden materials to create a building that is environmentally friendly, while at the same time improving the seismic safety of the entire building by using horizontal dampers to take advantage of the weaknesses of wooden rigid frame structures, namely their low rigidity and low strength. Therefore, there is no need to increase the number of columns, increase the size of the columns and beams, or add seismic walls or vertical braces to compensate for the low rigidity and strength of wooden rigid frame structures, which leads to more effective use of the space within the building.

The wooden frame section is arranged, for example, on the outer periphery of a building.
This allows the wooden structural components to be placed on the structural surfaces that form the building's facade, improving the design of the building, while also making effective use of the rigid frame structure as a structural member.

The horizontal damper is preferably provided under the floor slab between the rigid frame of the wooden frame section and the rigid frame of the high-rigidity frame section in a plan view. The floor slab is edged with at least one of the rigid frame of the wooden frame section and the rigid frame of the high-rigidity frame section.
In this invention, by installing the horizontal damper under the floor (or ceiling) slab, the building space can be utilized more freely and the freedom of architectural design can be increased without impeding the spatial utilization of the building. Also, by cutting the edge between the floor slab and the rigid frame as described above, the relative displacement between the rigid frame structures can be prevented from being impeded by the floor slab.

It is also preferable that the floor slab provided by the wooden frame section or the high-rigidity frame section is a double floor, and that a seismic isolation device and a damper are provided between the upper and lower floors.
This allows the vibrations of the building to be further absorbed, and the rigidity and strength required for the wooden structure can be further reduced.

It is desirable that the horizontal damper is a horizontal brace damper and is arranged diagonally between the rigid frame of the wood frame section and the rigid frame of the high-rigidity frame section in a plan view.
This allows vibrations to be absorbed by a horizontal damper having a simple and space-saving configuration.

This invention makes it possible to provide a seismic control structure that leads to effective use of the space inside a building.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a seismic control structure 1. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of mounting the horizontal damper 4. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the arrangement of a horizontal damper 4. A diagram showing the deck 6. A diagram showing the arrangement pattern of the wooden structural section 2 and the high-rigidity structural section 3. A diagram showing the arrangement pattern of the wooden structural section 2 and the high-rigidity structural section 3. A diagram showing the arrangement pattern of the wooden structural section 2 and the high-rigidity structural section 3. A diagram showing the arrangement pattern of the wooden structural section 2 and the high-rigidity structural section 3. A diagram showing the deck 6a.

The following describes in detail a preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a vibration-damping structure 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1(a) is a schematic diagram of a plan view of the vibration-damping structure 1, and Figure 1(b) is a schematic diagram of a front view of the vibration-damping structure 1 in Figure 1(a) as seen from the direction indicated by the arrow I.

As shown in Figure 1, the seismic isolation structure 1 is a structure for the ground floor of a building, and has a wooden structure section 2 and a high-rigidity structure section 3.

The wooden frame 2 is a frame made of wooden materials and is arranged on the periphery of the building. The wooden frame 2 has a rigid frame 20 with a structural surface in one direction on the plane. In the example of FIG. 1, the direction corresponds to the x direction (left and right direction in FIG. 1(a)). The rigid frame 20 is a gate-shaped frame in which the tops of adjacent columns 21 are connected by beams 22, and the columns 21 and beams 22 are made of wooden materials and arranged at a height corresponding to each floor of the building. The wooden frame 2 is arranged in pairs, sandwiching the high-rigidity frame 3. The wooden frame 2 is arranged at a position that hits the facade of the building, giving the building excellent design.

The columns 21 and beams 22 of the rigid frame structure 20 are made of wood as described above. In addition to being made entirely of wood, the structure may also be a composite structure of wood with concrete or steel frames, with the surface finished with wood. There are no particular limitations on the wood material, but laminated lumber, structural plywood, CLT (Cross Laminated Timber), LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber), etc. can be used. There are also no particular limitations on the method of joining the columns 21 and beams 22 in the rigid frame structure 20, and they can be rigid joints, pin joints, or a combination of both.

The high-rigidity structural section 3 is a high-rigidity structural section arranged in the core part inside the perimeter of the building, and includes a rigid frame structure 30 whose structural surface is in the x-direction. The rigid frame structure 30 is a gate-shaped structure made of columns 31 and beams 32, and is arranged inside the rigid frame structures 20 of the pair of wooden structural sections 2. In Figure 1, the high-rigidity structural section 3 is shown in gray. This is the same in Figures 3 and 5 to 8 described below.

The rigid frame structure 20 of the wooden structure section 2 and the rigid frame structure 30 of the high-rigidity structure section 3 are separated in the y direction (the up-down direction in FIG. 1(a)), which is different from the x direction, and the columns 31 of the rigid frame structure 30 and the columns 21 of the rigid frame structure 20 on the outside are connected by beams 32 in the y direction. Hereinafter, the rectangular planar area a surrounded by adjacent columns 21 in the rigid frame structure 20 and the columns 31 of the rigid frame structure 30 connected to these columns 21 may be referred to as a "section." The x direction and the y direction are also perpendicular on the plane.

The rigidity of the high-rigidity structural section 3 in the x-direction is higher than that of the wooden structural section 2. To that extent, the structural type of the high-rigidity structural section 3 is not particularly limited, and the columns 31 and beams 32 can be made of reinforced concrete or steel without using wooden materials, or a combination of these structural types can be used, such as making the columns 31 reinforced concrete and the beams 32 steel. Wooden materials can also be used for the columns 31 and beams 32. Note that steel construction also includes making the columns 31 into CFT columns (concrete-filled steel pipe columns). The level of rigidity is determined by comparing the rigidity of the continuous wooden structural section 2 when viewed independently with the rigidity of the continuous high-rigidity structural section 3 when viewed independently.

The rigid frame structure 30 of the high-rigidity structural section 3 and the rigid frame structure 20 of the wooden structural section 2 on the outside are connected via a horizontal damper 4 installed in the horizontal direction. The horizontal damper 4 can absorb vibrations of the building in the x-direction of the plane by utilizing the difference in displacement in the x-direction between the wooden structural section 2 and the high-rigidity structural section 3.

Figure 2 is a diagram showing an example of mounting the horizontal damper 4 at position A in Figure 1 (a). The horizontal damper 4 is installed between the rigid frame structures 20, 30 in plan view, below the floor slab 6 that forms the floor of the floor above the rigid frame structures 20, 30 for one floor. In this embodiment, a horizontal brace damper is used as the horizontal damper 4 to be installed in the underfloor space, which has a large planar area but cannot ensure height. As the horizontal brace damper, an oil damper, a steel damper, or the like can be used. However, as the horizontal damper 4, a damper other than a horizontal brace damper, such as a viscous wall damper arranged horizontally, can also be used.

As shown in FIG. 1(a), the horizontal damper 4 (horizontal brace damper) is arranged diagonally with respect to the x and y directions in a plan view.

As shown in Figure 2, the end of the horizontal damper 4 is joined using, for example, a steel plate 51 and a bolt (high-strength bolt) 52. The beam 32 in Figure 2 is a beam 32 (y-direction beam 32) that connects the column 21 of the rigid frame structure 20 of the wooden frame section 2 to the column 31 of the rigid frame structure 30 of the high-rigidity frame section 3, and is a steel beam made of H-shaped steel. A vertical plate 321 extending from the end of the steel beam on the rigid frame structure 20 side and a vertical plate 41 at the end of the horizontal damper 4 are sandwiched between the steel plates 51 from the front and back, and these steel plates 51 are fastened by fasteners 52 consisting of bolts and nuts, sandwiching the vertical plates 321, 41. Similarly, the horizontal plate 322 extending from the end of the steel beam on the rigid frame structure 20 side and the horizontal plate 42 at the end of the horizontal damper 4 are sandwiched between steel plates 51 from the front and back, and these steel plates 51 are fastened by fasteners 52, sandwiching the horizontal plates 322 and 42.

In this way, the end of the horizontal damper 4 on the rigid frame structure 20 side is joined to the end of the beam 32 on the rigid frame structure 20 side in the y direction. The end of the horizontal damper 4 on the rigid frame structure 30 side is similarly joined to the end of another beam 32 on the rigid frame structure 30 side in the y direction using a steel plate 51 and a fastener 52. These connections are rigid, but the method of joining the ends of the horizontal damper 4 is not particularly limited. For example, the ends of the horizontal damper 4 may be pin-joined using a gusset plate and a bolt.

In the example of FIG. 1, a pair of horizontal dampers 4 are arranged to intersect in an X-shape within section a between the rigid frame 20 of the wooden frame section 2 and the rigid frame 30 of the high-rigidity frame section 3. However, the horizontal dampers 4 are not limited to this, and may be arranged in a diagonal direction within section a as shown in FIG. 3(a), or in a V-shape as shown in FIG. 3(b).

Furthermore, horizontal dampers 4 do not necessarily need to be installed on all floors of a building, and may be installed only on any floor. For example, they may be distributed every few floors, or may be concentrated on special floors such as machine room floors, outdoor equipment floors, and green terrace floors, or on floors where the building's uses change.

In addition, in the example of Figure 1, horizontal dampers 4 are provided in all sections a between the rigid frame structures 20 and 30, but it is not necessary to provide horizontal dampers 4 in all sections a, and they may be provided only in any section a. For example, in sections a where vertical shafts such as EV shafts and equipment shafts are planned, the placement of horizontal dampers 4 is omitted.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the floor surface at position B in Figure 1(a). In the example of Figure 4, the pillars 21 of the wooden frame 2 are composite structural pillars in which concrete 212 is poured inside the outer shell made of wooden material 211, and the beams 22 are wooden beams. The end of the beam 32 in the y direction is embedded in the concrete 212 of the pillars 21.

The floor slab 6 in FIG. 4 is provided between the rigid frame 20 of the wooden frame section 2 and the rigid frame 30 of the high-rigidity frame section 3 inside it in plan view. The floor slab 6 is constructed using a dry construction method using concrete precast members, and a clearance 61 is provided between the floor slab 6 and the rigid frame 20 in plan view. By cutting the edge between the floor slab 6 and the rigid frame 20 in this way, the floor slab 6 fits in such a way that it does not impede the relative displacement in the x direction between the rigid frame 20 of the wooden frame section 2 and the rigid frame 30 of the high-rigidity frame section 3. The floor slab 6 is not limited to a concrete precast member, and may be a steel member such as a grating.

In this embodiment, a clearance is also provided between the floor slab 6 and the rigid frame structure 30 of the high-rigidity structural section 3, and the floor slab 6 and the rigid frame structure 30 are also separated from each other. However, the floor slab 6 may be separated from either one of the rigid frame structures 20, 30. In this embodiment, the floor slab 6 is arranged in each section a between the rigid frame structures 20, 30, and the floor slabs 6 adjacent to each other in the x direction are separated from each other by providing a clearance 62.

In addition, instead of providing clearances 61 and 62, the joining may be performed using a joining method that allows relative movement between the deck 6 and the rigid frame structures 20 and 30, and between the decks 6 themselves. For the area surrounded by the columns 31 of the high-rigidity structural section 3, there is no problem in forming the deck 6 using cast-in-place concrete using conventional construction methods and fixing the deck 6 to these columns 31.

As explained above, in the vibration control structure 1 of this embodiment, the wooden structure 2 and the high-rigidity structure 3 are used together on the ground floor of the building, and the rigid frame structure 20 in the x direction of the wooden structure 2 and the rigid frame structure 30 in the x direction of the high-rigidity structure 3 are arranged separately in the y direction. The rigid frame structures 20, 30 are then connected by a horizontal damper 4, and the difference in displacement in the x direction between the wooden structure 2 and the high-rigidity structure 3 during an earthquake is used to damp vibrations.

This allows the use of wooden materials to create a building with excellent environmental performance, while at the same time improving the seismic safety of the entire building by using horizontal dampers 4 to create a seismic control structure 1 that takes advantage of the weaknesses of the rigid frame structure 20 made of wooden materials, namely its low rigidity and low strength. Therefore, there is no need to increase the number of columns 21, increase the component size of the columns 21 and beams 22, or place additional seismic walls or vertical braces to compensate for the low rigidity and strength of the rigid frame structure 20, which leads to more effective use of the space within the building.

In this embodiment, the wooden structural frame 2 is arranged on the outer periphery of the building, and the wooden structural frame 2 is arranged on the structural surface that forms the building's façade, improving the design of the building and allowing the rigid frame 20 to be effectively used as a structural member.

In addition, in this embodiment, by installing the horizontal damper 4 under the floor (or ceiling), the spatial utilization of the building is not hindered, and the architectural space can be utilized more freely, allowing for greater freedom in architectural design. In addition, by cutting the edge between the floor slab 6 and the rigid frame structures 20, 30, the relative displacement between the rigid frame structures 20, 30 can be prevented from being hindered by the floor slab 6.

In addition, the horizontal damper 4 in this embodiment is a horizontal brace damper that is arranged diagonally between the rigid frame structures 20 and 30, and the horizontal damper 4 has a simple and space-saving configuration that can absorb vibrations.

However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the arrangement pattern of the wooden structural member 2 and the high-rigidity structural member 3 is not limited to that described in FIG. 1. For example, in this embodiment, the wooden structural member 2 is provided on both sides of the high-rigidity structural member 3, but as shown in FIG. 5(a), the wooden structural member 2 may be provided on only one side of the high-rigidity structural member 3.

Also, as shown in FIG. 5(b), the wooden structure 2 may be arranged around the entire perimeter of the building, and both the wooden structure 2 and the high-rigidity structure 3 may have rigid frame structures 20, 30 in the y direction (one direction on a plane). Horizontal dampers 4 are also provided between these rigid frame structures 20, 30, and the vibration control structure 1 can absorb vibrations not only in the x direction, but also due to the difference in displacement between the wooden structure 2 and the high-rigidity structure 3 in the y direction during an earthquake. The rigidity of the high-rigidity structure 3 is higher than that of the wooden structure 2 not only in the x direction but also in the y direction.

As shown in Fig. 5(c), high-rigidity structural members 3 may be provided on both sides of the wooden structural member 2, as opposed to Fig. 1. Alternatively, the high-rigidity structural members 3 may be arranged around the entire perimeter of the building, and the wooden structural member 2 may be located inside of them, as opposed to Fig. 5(b).

Also, as shown in FIG. 6(a), the length of the wooden structure 2 in the x direction may be shorter than that of the high-rigidity structure 3. In this case, the horizontal damper 4 is disposed between the rigid frame 30 of a portion of the high-rigidity structure 3 in the x direction and the rigid frame 20 of the wooden structure 2.

On the other hand, FIG. 6(b) shows a case where the wooden frame section 2 is provided on both sides of the high-rigidity frame section 3, and the x-direction length of the high-rigidity frame section 3 is shorter than that of the wooden frame section 2, and FIG. 6(c) shows a case where the high-rigidity frame section 3 is provided on both sides of the wooden frame section 2, and the x-direction length of the wooden frame section 2 is shorter than that of the high-rigidity frame section 3. In the example of FIG. 6(b), a rigid frame structure 20 in the y direction is present at the x-direction end of the wooden frame section 2, and a horizontal damper 4 is placed between this rigid frame structure 20 and the y-direction rigid frame structure 30 of the high-rigidity frame section 3, so that vibrations in the y direction of the building can also be absorbed by the difference in displacement in the y direction between the wooden frame section 2 and the high-rigidity frame section 3.

Also, as shown in Figure 7, the installation range in the x direction of the wooden structure section 2 may be different from that of the high-rigidity structure section 3. In this case, too, a horizontal damper 4 can be placed between the rigid frame structure 30 in the x direction of the high-rigidity structure section 3 and the rigid frame structure 20 in the x direction of the wooden structure section 2 to absorb vibrations in the x direction of the building. In the example of Figure 7, as in Figure 6(b), a rigid frame structure 20 in the y direction exists at the end of the wooden structure section 2 in the x direction, and a horizontal damper 4 is placed between this rigid frame structure 20 and the rigid frame structure 30 in the y direction of the high-rigidity structure section 3 to absorb vibrations in the y direction of the building.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8, instead of providing a y-direction beam connecting the rigid frame 30 in the x-direction of the high-rigidity frame 3 and the rigid frame 20 in the x-direction of the wooden frame 2, the rigid frame 20 and 30 may be connected by a horizontal damper 4a, such as an oil damper or a steel damper, placed between the rigid frame 20 and 30. In this case, too, the vibration can be attenuated by utilizing the difference in x-direction displacement between the wooden frame 2 and the high-rigidity frame 3 during an earthquake. The wooden frame 2 is used as a facade. The space between the rigid frame 20 and 30 can be used for a balcony or equipment shaft, and in this case, the details of the floor end that allow the relative displacement of the rigid frame 20 and 30 can be realized with a simple configuration. The floor slab 6 of the high-rigidity frame 3 does not affect the relative displacement of the rigid frame 20 and 30, so it is easy to install.

By combining these arrangement patterns, the present invention can be applied to buildings with various uses, functions, plan shapes, and designs. There are no particular limitations on the plan size or height of the building. For example, the patterns in Figures 5(c) and 6(c) are excellent in maintainability by arranging the wooden frame 2, which has poor weather resistance, inside the building. On the other hand, although there is no benefit of improving the design of the building's façade, it is possible to increase comfort by turning interior living spaces, where light is difficult to reach, into wooden spaces.

In addition to the horizontal dampers 4 and 4a, as shown in FIG. 9, the floor slab 6a provided on the high-rigidity structural member 3 may be a double floor, with a horizontal damper 7 and a seismic isolation device 8 arranged between the lower floor 60-1 and the upper floor 60-2, so that the vibrations of the building can be further absorbed by the relative displacement of the upper floor 60-2 with respect to the lower floor 60-1, as in the case of a Tuned Mass Damper (TMD). This further reduces the rigidity and strength required of the wooden structural member 2. The horizontal dampers 7 are arranged along each side of the floor slab 6a in the x and y directions, so that vibrations in the x and y directions can be absorbed in a balanced manner. The above configuration can also be applied to the floor slab when a floor slab is provided on the wooden structural member 2.

In the present invention, the seismic control structure 1 is formed by combining the wooden structural section 2 and the high-rigidity structural section 3, but as a different configuration, a structural section that does not use wooden materials and has lower rigidity than the high-rigidity structural section 3 can be applied instead of the wooden structural section 2. In this case, the structural section also has a rigid frame structure with columns and beams, but the columns and beams are of a structural type of reinforced concrete or steel that does not use wooden materials. These structural types may also be combined, for example by using reinforced concrete for the columns and steel for the beams.

The above describes preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the attached drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. It is clear that a person skilled in the art can come up with various modified or revised examples within the scope of the technical ideas disclosed in this application, and it is understood that these also naturally fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

1: Seismic control structure 2: Wooden structure 3: High-rigidity structure 4, 4a, 7: Horizontal dampers 6, 6a: Floor slab 8: Seismic isolation device 20, 30: Rigid frame structure

Claims (6)

A wooden frame section formed using wooden materials, the wooden frame section having a rigid frame with a structural surface in one direction;
A high-rigidity frame section having a rigid frame structure with a structural surface in the one direction and having a higher rigidity in the one direction than the wooden frame section;
having
A seismic control structure characterized in that the rigid frame structure of the wooden structure section and the rigid frame structure of the high-rigidity structure section, which are separated in a direction different from the one direction in a plan view, are connected via a horizontal damper installed in the horizontal direction, and the horizontal damper absorbs vibrations in the one direction by utilizing the displacement difference in the one direction between the wooden structure section and the high-rigidity structure section. The seismic isolation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the wooden structure is arranged on the outer periphery of the building. The seismic control structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal damper is provided under the floor slab between the rigid frame structure of the wooden frame section and the rigid frame structure of the high-rigidity frame section in a plan view. The seismic control structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the floor slab is edged at least with respect to the rigid frame structure of the wooden frame section and the rigid frame structure of the high-rigidity frame section. The seismic control structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the floor slab provided in the wooden structure section or the high-rigidity structure section is a double floor, and a seismic isolation device and a damper are provided between the upper and lower floors. The seismic control structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal damper is a horizontal brace damper, and is arranged diagonally between the rigid frame structure of the wooden frame section and the rigid frame structure of the high-rigidity frame section in a plan view.