JP7512387B2 - 鋼の鍛造部品及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
鋼の鍛造部品及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7512387B2 JP7512387B2 JP2022528614A JP2022528614A JP7512387B2 JP 7512387 B2 JP7512387 B2 JP 7512387B2 JP 2022528614 A JP2022528614 A JP 2022528614A JP 2022528614 A JP2022528614 A JP 2022528614A JP 7512387 B2 JP7512387 B2 JP 7512387B2
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 99
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 99
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemanganese Chemical compound [Mn]=S CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000742 Microalloyed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 Titanium forms titanium nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001636 atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009497 press forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010080 roll forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/02—Hardening by precipitation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/13—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by hot working
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/30—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for crankshafts; for camshafts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/009—Pearlite
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Description
- 750MPa以上、好ましくは770MPaを超える降伏強度、
- 1030MPa以上、好ましくは1040MPaを超える極限引張強度、
- 室温で5J以下、好ましくは4.5J未満の衝撃靭性、
- 12.0%以上の全伸び。
表2は、表1の鋼で製造された半製品に実施された方法のパラメータをまとめたものである。試験例I1~I5は、本発明による鍛造機械部品の製造に役立つ。この表はまた、R1~R3まで、表の中で指定される参考鍛造機械部品を明記する。
表3は、本発明の鋼及び参考の鋼の両方の微細組織を面積分率で決定するための走査型電子顕微鏡のような異なる顕微鏡に関する標準に従って行われた試験の結果を例示したものである。バナジウム及びニオブ当量の測定は、電解抽出及びそれに続く光学発光分光分析に基づいている。析出物の選択抽出は、メタノールに希釈した塩化リチウム及びサリチル酸塩で構成された電解質を用いて行う。酸化を防ぎ、効率的なろ過を確保するためにメタノールが好ましい。鋼試料は、マトリックスだけが溶解するような電流密度に供される。この電解操作の後、得られた溶液を200nmのポリカーボネート膜でろ過する。その後、フィルター上で酸鉱化を行い、溶液をICP-OESで分析する。結果は本明細書に記される。
表4は、発明の鋼及び参考の鋼の両方の機械的特性を例示する。引張強さ、降伏強度を決定するために、引張試験をNF EN ISO 6892-1規格に従って実施する。本発明の鋼及び参考の鋼の両方について衝撃靭性を測定する試験を、室(toom)温でVノッチを有するEN ISO 148-1規格DVM試験片に従って実施する。
Claims (18)
- 機械部品を熱間鍛造するための鋼であって、重量パーセントで表される以下の元素、
0.2%≦C≦0.5%、
0.8%≦Mn≦1.5%、
0.4%≦Si≦1%、
0.15%≦V≦0.6%、
0.01%≦Nb≦0.15%、
0.01%≦Cr≦0.5%、
0.01%≦P≦0.05%、
0.04%≦S≦0.09%、
0.01%≦N≦0.025%、
を含み、及び以下の任意元素、
0%≦Al≦0.05%、
0%≦Mo≦0.5%、
0.01%≦Ni≦0.5%、
0%≦Ti≦0.2%、
0%≦B≦0.008%、
0%≦Cu≦0.5%、
の1種以上を含むことができ、組成の残余は、鉄及び加工により生じた不可避の不純物から構成され、熱間鍛造後の機械部品の鋼の微細組織は、50%~90%のパーライト、10%~40%のフェライトを含み、任意で0%~2%の間の針状フェライトの存在を含み、ニオブ当量が80%以上であり、ここで、ニオブ当量が80%以上であるとは、炭化物、窒化物及び/又は炭窒化物として存在するニオブの量が、鋼に存在する公称ニオブ含有率の少なくとも80%に相当することを意味し、
最終的に得られる熱間鍛造後の機械部品の鋼が、750MPa以上の降伏強度、1030MPa以上の極限引張強度、室温で測定して5J以下の衝撃靭性、及び12.0%以上の全伸びを有する、鋼。 - 組成が0.5%~0.9%のケイ素を含む、請求項1に記載の機械部品を熱間鍛造するための鋼。
- 組成が0.3%~0.5%の炭素を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の機械部品を熱間鍛造するための鋼。
- 組成が0.9%~1.3%のマンガンを含む、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の機械部品を熱間鍛造するための鋼。
- 組成が0.05%~0.3%のクロムを含む、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の機械部品を熱間鍛造するための鋼。
- 組成が0.2%~0.5%のバナジウムを含む、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の機械部品を熱間鍛造するための鋼。
- 組成が0.02%~0.12%のニオブを含む、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の機械部品を熱間鍛造するための鋼。
- ニオブ当量が90~100%の間である、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の機械部品を熱間鍛造するための鋼。
- バナジウム当量が60~100%の間であり、ここで、バナジウム当量が60~100%の間であるとは、炭化物、窒化物及び/又は炭窒化物として存在するバナジウムの量が、鋼に存在する公称バナジウム含有率の60%~100%に相当することを意味する、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の機械部品を熱間鍛造するための鋼。
- パーライトが60%~90%の間である、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の機械部品を熱間鍛造するための鋼。
- フェライトが10%~40%の間である、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の機械部品を熱間鍛造するための鋼。
- 前記最終的に得られる熱間鍛造後の機械部品の鋼が、1040MPaを超える極限引張強度、及び770MPaを超える降伏強度を有する、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の機械部品を熱間鍛造するための鋼。
- 前記最終的に得られる熱間鍛造後の機械部品の鋼が、室温で測定して4.5J未満の衝撃靭性を有する、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の機械部品を熱間鍛造するための鋼。
- 次の連続した工程
- 半製品の形態の請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の鋼組成物を提供する工程、
- 該半製品を1150~1300℃の間の温度まで再加熱する工程、
- オーステナイト範囲で該半製品を熱間鍛造する、ここで、熱間鍛造部品を得るために仕上げ熱間鍛造仕上げ温度が950℃を超える工程、
- 熱間鍛造部品を3段階の冷却で冷却する工程であって、
・ 工程1において、該熱間鍛造部品を3℃/秒以下の平均冷却速度CR1で熱間鍛造仕上げ温度から775~875℃の間の温度T1まで冷却し、
・ 工程2において、該熱間鍛造部品を0.5℃/秒~2.1℃/秒の間の平均冷却速度CR2でT1から430~530℃の間の温度T2まで冷却し、
・ 工程3において、該熱間鍛造部品を5℃/秒以下の平均冷却速度CR3でT2から室温まで冷却して鍛造機械部品を得る工程
を含む、鋼の鍛造機械部品の製造方法であって、
熱間鍛造後の機械部品の鋼の微細組織は、50%~90%のパーライト、10%~40%のフェライトを含み、任意で0%~2%の間の針状フェライトの存在を含み、ニオブ当量が80%以上であり、ここで、ニオブ当量が80%以上であるとは、炭化物、窒化物及び/又は炭窒化物として存在するニオブの量が、鋼に存在する公称ニオブ含有率の少なくとも80%に相当することを意味し、
最終的に得られる熱間鍛造後の機械部品の鋼が、750MPa以上の降伏強度、1030MPa以上の極限引張強度、室温で測定して5J以下の衝撃靭性、及び12.0%以上の全伸びを有する、方法。 - 冷却の工程1において、熱間鍛造部品を2.5℃/秒未満の平均冷却速度で仕上げ熱間鍛造温度から775~825℃の間の温度T1まで冷却する、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 冷却の工程2において、熱間鍛造部品を0.6℃/秒~2.0℃/秒の間の平均冷却速度でT1から475~525℃の間の温度T2まで冷却する、請求項14又は15に記載の方法。
- 工程3において、熱間鍛造部品を4℃/秒以下の冷却速度でT2から室温まで冷却する、請求項14~16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 車両の構造部品若しくは安全部品又はエンジンの製造のための請求項1~13のいずれか一項に記載の鋼又は請求項14~17の方法に従って製造された鍛造機械部品の使用。
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