JP7481250B2 - Machine Tools - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a machine tool.

For example, the method of removing chips from a drill described in Patent Document 1 involves drilling a hole in a workpiece with the drill, then rotating the drill in the reverse direction and pulling it out of the hole, and using a chip removal means disposed near the drill to squeeze the surface of the drill toward the tip of the drill, thereby removing the chips wrapped around the drill.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-144906

When using the drill chip removal method described in Patent Document 1 to remove chips that have become entangled in the drill during machining, it is necessary to remove the drill from the machined hole and bring it closer to the chip removal means, which may lengthen the machining time.

The present invention was made in consideration of the above situation, and aims to provide a machine tool that can shorten the machining time while breaking up the chips.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a machine tool according to the present invention includes a spindle that rotates around its axis while gripping a workpiece, a tool rotation mechanism that rotates a rotating tool that performs hole machining on the workpiece gripped by the spindle, a spindle moving mechanism that moves the spindle in an axial direction along which the rotation axis of the spindle extends, a first moving mechanism that moves the rotating tool in the axial direction relative to the spindle, a second moving mechanism that moves a cutting tool that performs cutting on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece in the axial direction relative to the spindle, and a control unit that controls operations of the tool rotation mechanism, the spindle moving mechanism, the first moving mechanism, and the second moving mechanism, and when cutting with the cutting tool and hole machining with the rotating tool are performed simultaneously, the control unit moves the spindle together with the workpiece via the spindle moving mechanism while swinging it in the axial direction, moves the rotating tool linearly without swinging it in the axial direction via the first moving mechanism, or keeps it still, and keeps the cutting tool still without moving in the axial direction .

According to the present invention, machining time can be shortened while breaking up chips in machine tools.

1 is a front view of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; 1 is a plan view of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; 1 is a side view of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention; 10 is a graph showing a position in the Z-axis direction of a rotary tool during machining of a single hole according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rotating tool, a cutting tool, a spindle, and a workpiece during overlap machining according to an embodiment of the present invention. 11 is a graph showing the positions of a rotating tool and a cutting tool in the Z-axis direction during overlap machining according to an embodiment of the present invention. 13 is a graph showing the positions of a rotating tool and a cutting tool in the Z-axis direction during overlap machining in a comparative example. 11A to 11D are schematic diagrams illustrating a comparative example in which a hole is drilled in a workpiece using a rotary tool. FIG. 11 is a plan view of a machine tool according to a modified example of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a plan view of a machine tool according to a modified example of the present invention.

A machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2, the machine tool 1 is an NC (Numerical Control) lathe that machines a workpiece W. In detail, the machine tool 1 includes a bed S, a spindle unit 10 having a spindle 14, a spindle moving mechanism 13, a first tool moving mechanism 30, a second tool moving mechanism 50, a tool rotation mechanism 37, and a control unit 300. In the following description, the Z-axis direction is defined as a direction along the rotation axis of the spindle 14, the Y-axis direction is defined as a height direction, and the X-axis direction is defined as a direction perpendicular to the Y-axis and Z-axis directions.

The bed S is a platform for the entire machine tool 1. On the upper surface of the bed S, a spindle unit 10, a spindle moving mechanism 13, a first tool moving mechanism 30, and a second tool moving mechanism 50 are installed.
The spindle unit 10 rotates the workpiece W about its axis while gripping it. The spindle unit 10 includes a headstock 11 and a spindle 14 supported by the headstock 11 so as to be rotatable about its axis while gripping the workpiece W. The headstock 11 includes a workpiece rotating motor (not shown) built in for rotating the spindle 14 together with the workpiece W in the axial direction.
The spindle moving mechanism 13 moves the spindle unit 10 in the Z-axis direction (Z1-axis direction).

2, the first tool movement mechanism 30 includes a first tool unit 35, a first slide table 41 to which the first tool unit 35 is attached, and a first slide table movement mechanism 32 that moves the first slide table 41 in the X-axis direction (X3-axis direction), the Y-axis direction (Y3-axis direction), and the Z-axis direction (Z3-axis direction). The first slide table movement mechanism 32 includes an X-movement mechanism 32X that moves the first slide table 41 in the X-axis direction, a Y-movement mechanism 32Y that moves the first slide table 41 in the Y-axis direction, and a Z-movement mechanism 32Z that moves the first slide table 41 in the Z-axis direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, the first tool unit 35 includes a rotating tool 35a, tools 35b, 35c, and a tool support portion 36 that supports the rotating tool 35a and the tools 35b, 35c.
The rotating tool 35a is, for example, a rotary drill that extends along the Z-axis direction and is used to drill holes in the tip surface of the workpiece W. The tool 35b is, for example, a fixed drill that extends along the Z-axis direction and is used to drill holes in the tip surface of the workpiece W. The tool 35c is, for example, a cutting tool that extends along the X-axis direction and is used to cut the outer circumferential surface of the workpiece W. The tool support portion 36 supports the rotating tool 35a so that it can rotate about its axis, and fixedly supports the tools 35b and 35c.

As shown in FIG. 2, the tool rotation mechanism 37 rotates the rotating tool 35a about its axis. The tool rotation mechanism 37 includes a motor 37a and a transmission mechanism 37b, which is made up of multiple gears and transmits the driving force from the motor 37a to the rotating tool 35a.

2 and 3, the second tool movement mechanism 50 includes a second tool unit 58, a second slide table 51 to which the second tool unit 58 is attached, and a second slide table movement mechanism 52 that moves the second slide table 51 in the X-axis direction (X2-axis direction) and the Y-axis direction (Y2-axis direction). The second slide table movement mechanism 52 includes an X-movement mechanism 52X that moves the second slide table 51 in the X-axis direction, and a Y-movement mechanism 52Y that moves the second slide table 51 in the Y-axis direction.

As shown in FIG. 3, the second tool unit 58 includes a cutting tool 58a and a tool 58b, and a tool support portion 56 that supports the cutting tool 58a and the tool 58b.
The tool support portion 56 is fixed to the second slide table 51. The cutting tool 58a and the tool 58b extend along the X-axis direction. The cutting tool 58a is, for example, a cutting tool for cutting the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W. The tool 58b is, for example, a rotary drill for drilling holes in the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W.

The spindle movement mechanism 13, the X movement mechanism 32X, the Y movement mechanism 32Y, the Z movement mechanism 32Z, the X movement mechanism 52X, and the Y movement mechanism 52Y each have a motor, a ball screw, and a nut, and are configured to linearly move the corresponding spindle table 11, the first slide table 41, and the second slide table 51 by converting the rotational force of the motor into linear motion using the ball screw and the nut.

The control unit 300 processes the workpiece W by controlling the operation of each part of the machine tool 1. The control unit 300 includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), and a RAM (Random Access Memory), which are not shown. In accordance with the input NC program, the control unit 300 rotates the spindle 14, moves the spindle unit 10 in the Z-axis direction via the spindle movement mechanism 13, moves the first slide table 41 in the X-axis direction, Y-axis direction, and Z-axis direction via the first slide table movement mechanism 32, and moves the second slide table 51 in the X-axis direction and Y-axis direction via the second slide table movement mechanism 52.

As part of the NC program, the control unit 300 executes a single hole machining process in which only hole drilling is performed using the rotating tool 35a, a single cutting process in which only cutting is performed on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W using the cutting tool 58a, and a superimposed machining process in which hole drilling is performed using the rotating tool 35a and cutting is performed on the workpiece W using the cutting tool 58a at the same time.

First, the single hole drilling process will be described.
In the single hole machining process, first, the control unit 300 causes the rotation direction of the rotating tool 35a and the rotation direction of the workpiece W gripped by the spindle 14 to be opposite to each other via the spindle 14 and the tool rotation mechanism 37. This increases the difference in peripheral speed between the workpiece W and the rotating tool 35a, thereby increasing the machining speed.
Then, the control unit 300 feeds the rotating tool 35a in a feed direction S1 (see FIG. 2) while swinging the rotating tool 35a in the Z-axis direction via the first slide table moving mechanism 32. The feed direction S1 is a direction along the Z-axis direction toward the spindle 14. At this time, the spindle moving mechanism 13 does not swing the spindle 14 in the Z-axis direction.

As shown in Fig. 4, the rotary tool 35a in the single hole drilling process moves so as to increase the amount of cutting into the workpiece W while oscillating along a waveform SC. The waveform SC is formed by superimposing a sine wave-like oscillation component on a linear feed component L represented by a linear function. As a result, the waveform SC is formed into a sine wave whose maximum point becomes larger with the passage of time.
At time t1, the position of the rotating tool 35a reaches the maximum point Pa, and the depth of the hole formed by the rotating tool 35a becomes depth D1. From time t1 to time t2, the rotating tool 35a retreats in a direction away from the bottom surface of the hole. This causes the cutting chips attached to the rotating tool 35a to be broken. At time t2, the rotating tool 35a reaches the minimum point Ma of the waveform SC. From time t2 to time t3, the rotating tool 35a moves in a direction approaching the bottom surface of the hole, and at time t3, the tip of the rotating tool 35a reaches the bottom surface of the hole. From time t3 to time t4, the position of the rotating tool 35a moves toward the maximum point Pb of the waveform SC, so that the rotating tool 35a cuts the hole so as to deepen it, and when the maximum point Pb is reached, the depth of the hole becomes depth D2. In this way, the rotating tool 35a oscillates so as to deepen the hole while repeatedly cutting and retreating according to the waveform SC. In the NC program, the hole drilling conditions are set, which include the rotation directions and rotation speeds of the spindle 14 and the rotating tool 35a, the feed speed of the rotating tool 35a, and the amount of oscillation (amplitude of the oscillation component) of the rotating tool 35a. The amplitude of the oscillation component of the rotating tool 35a is set to be large enough to break up the chips, but small enough to prevent them from going outside the hole during machining.

Next, the single cutting process will be described.
As shown in Fig. 2, in the single cutting process, the control unit 300 rotates the workpiece W via the spindle 14. Then, the control unit 300 contacts the cutting edge of the cutting tool 58a with the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W via the second slide table moving mechanism 52, and feeds the spindle 14 together with the workpiece W in the feed direction S2 while swinging it in the Z-axis direction via the spindle moving mechanism 13. The feed direction S2 is along the Z-axis direction and opposite to the feed direction S1. The waveform showing the movement of the spindle 14 in the Z-axis direction at this time is the same as the waveform SC shown in Fig. 4 described above. As a result, chips are broken up even in the cutting process.

Next, a superimposed machining process in which cutting by the cutting tool 58a and drilling by the rotary tool 35a are performed simultaneously will be described.
As shown in Figures 2 and 5, when the control unit 300 performs this overlapping processing, under processing conditions in which both chips generated by the cutting process and chips generated by the drilling process are separated, the control unit 300 feeds the rotating tool 35a linearly without swinging it in the feed direction S1 via the first slide table moving mechanism 32, and feeds the spindle 14 and the workpiece W while swinging them in the feed direction S2 via the spindle moving mechanism 13.
6 shows a waveform SW indicating the position of the spindle 14 in the Z-axis direction (feed direction S2) and a straight line SD indicating the position of the rotating tool 35a in the Z-axis direction (feed direction S1) relative to the rotation angle of the spindle 14 in the overlapping machining process. The workpiece W is fed in the feed direction S2 together with the spindle 14 while being oscillated. For this reason, the waveform SW is formed by superimposing a sine wave-shaped oscillation component on a straight line SA that commands the feed amount of the workpiece W, which is formed in the shape of a linear function. On the other hand, the rotating tool 35a is fed linearly in the feed direction S1. For this reason, the straight line SD is formed in the shape of a linear function.
In this way, although the rotating tool 35a is fed linearly, the workpiece W that is the object of machining by the rotating tool 35a is oscillating, and therefore the position of the rotating tool 35a relative to the workpiece W in the feed direction S1 becomes a waveform SB in which the above-mentioned oscillating component is superimposed on the straight line SD.

In overlapping machining, depending on the machining conditions, chips generated during hole drilling may not be broken up. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, when the feed speed of the rotary tool 35a in the feed direction S1 is faster than the feed speed of the spindle 14 in the feed direction S2, the cutting edge of the rotary tool 35a may not separate from the workpiece W even when the spindle 14 oscillates, and chips generated during hole drilling may not be broken up. As a comparative example in which chips generated during hole drilling are not broken up in overlapping machining, FIG. 7 shows a case in which the feed speed of the rotary tool 35a, which is the inclination of the straight line SD, is faster than the feed speed of the spindle 14, which is the inclination of the straight line SA, and the inclination of the straight line SD is greater than the inclination of the straight line SA. In this case, the maximum point PH of the waveform SB becomes smaller than the minimum point PL 1.5 cycles after the maximum point PH, and the idling area of the rotary tool 35a is not formed, and the chips are not broken up. In the comparative example of FIG. 7, the feed rate of the spindle 14 is set to 0.018 mm/rev, the feed rate of the rotating tool 35a is set to 0.03 mm/rev, and the oscillation period per rotation of the spindle 14 is set to 1.5.

In the overlapping process of this embodiment, the feed speed of the rotary tool 35a in the feed direction S1 is set to be equal to or lower than the feed speed of the spindle 14 in the feed direction S2. In this case, the blade tip of the rotary tool 35a is separated from the workpiece W by the oscillation of the spindle 14, so that the chips generated during the hole drilling process are broken up. As an example of the chips generated during the hole drilling process being broken up, FIG. 6 shows a case in which the feed speed of the rotary tool 35a, which is the inclination of the straight line SD, is equal to or lower than the feed speed of the spindle 14, which is the inclination of the straight line SA, that is, the inclination of the straight line SD is equal to or lower than the inclination of the straight line SA. In this case, the maximum point PH of the waveform SB becomes larger than the minimum point PL 1.5 cycles after the maximum point PH, and an idling region K is formed, and the chips are broken up. Even in this case, if the oscillation amount (oscillation amplitude) of the spindle 14 is extremely small, the idling region K will not be formed. Taking this into consideration, the amount of oscillation of the spindle 14 is set to a value that creates an idling region K. In the example of FIG. 6, the feed rate of the spindle 14 is set to 0.018 mm/rev, the feed rate of the rotating tool 35a is set to 0.01 mm/rev, the oscillation period per rotation of the spindle 14 is set to 1.5, and the oscillation amplitude magnification is set to the same value as in the example of FIG. 6 above.

For example, in the overlapping processing, the relationship between the rotational direction of the rotating tool 35a and the workpiece W is changed according to the material of the workpiece W. For example, when the workpiece W is made of an aluminum-based material (first material), the control unit 300 makes the rotational direction of the workpiece W (spindle 14) and the rotational direction of the rotating tool 35a different from each other in the opposite directions. On the other hand, when the workpiece W is made of an iron-based material (second material), the control unit 300 makes the rotational direction of the workpiece W (spindle 14) and the rotational direction of the rotating tool 35a the same direction. When the rotational directions of the workpiece W and the rotating tool 35a are opposite, the difference in peripheral speed between the workpiece W and the rotating tool 35a becomes large, and there is an advantage that the processing speed is increased, but there is a disadvantage that the temperature of the workpiece W is easily increased due to cutting heat. Here, the aluminum-based material has a property that the temperature is less likely to increase due to cutting heat than the iron-based material. Therefore, this disadvantage is acceptable when the workpiece W is made of an aluminum-based material. On the other hand, when the workpiece W is made of an iron-based material, the temperature of the workpiece W is likely to rise due to cutting heat, so it is preferable to rotate the workpiece W and the rotating tool 35a in the same direction and reduce the difference in peripheral speed between the workpiece W and the rotating tool 35a to suppress the temperature rise of the workpiece W due to cutting heat.
For example, the NC program includes information on the material of the workpiece W. The control unit 300 determines whether the material of the workpiece W is aluminum-based or iron-based based on the information on the material of the workpiece W included in the NC program to be executed, and determines the rotation directions of the rotating tool 35a and the workpiece W during overlap machining.
This is the end of the description of the superimposition processing.

When performing the above-mentioned hole drilling process, the control unit 300 maintains the rotation speed of the spindle 14 at a constant speed, and adjusts the rotation speed of the rotating tool 35a relative to the workpiece W gripped by the spindle 14 according to the rotation direction and rotation speed of the rotating tool 35a. As a result, for example, when switching from single cutting processing to single hole processing or overlapping processing, it is not necessary to change the rotation speed of the spindle 14, and the processing time can be shortened. For example, if it is desired to increase the peripheral speed difference between the workpiece W and the rotating tool 35a, the rotation direction of the spindle 14 and the rotation direction of the rotating tool 35a are made to be opposite to each other. If it is desired to further increase the peripheral speed difference, the rotation speed of the rotating tool 35a is increased. On the other hand, if it is desired to reduce the peripheral speed difference between the workpiece W and the rotating tool 35a, the rotation direction of the spindle 14 and the rotation direction of the rotating tool 35a are made to be the same. If it is desired to further reduce the peripheral speed difference, the rotation speed of the rotating tool 35a is made to be closer to the rotation speed of the spindle 14.

(effect)
According to the embodiment described above, the following effects are achieved.
(1) The machine tool 1 includes a spindle 14 that rotates around its axis while gripping a workpiece W, a tool rotation mechanism 37 that rotates a rotating tool 35a that performs hole drilling, an example of hole processing, on the workpiece W gripped by the spindle 14, a first tool moving mechanism 30 that is an example of a first moving mechanism that moves the rotating tool 35a relative to the spindle 14 in the axial direction (Z-axis direction) along the rotation axis of the spindle 14, and a control unit 300 that, in a state in which both the workpiece W and the rotating tool 35a are rotated via the spindle 14 and the tool rotation mechanism 37, oscillates the rotating tool 35a relative to the spindle 14 in the Z-axis direction via the first tool moving mechanism 30, and performs hole drilling on the workpiece W using the rotating tool 35a.
According to this configuration, by swinging the rotating tool 35a relative to the spindle 14 during the hole drilling process, the chips generated during the hole drilling process are broken up. Therefore, during the hole drilling process, it is not necessary to move the cutting edge of the rotating tool 35a out of the hole of the workpiece W being machined in order to break up the chips, so that the machining time can be shortened while breaking up the chips. In addition, since the chips are broken up, it is possible to prevent the chips from becoming entangled with the rotating tool 35a, and thus to prevent the rotating tool 35a from breaking due to the chips becoming entangled. In particular, when the rotation direction of the workpiece W and the rotation direction of the rotating tool 35a are opposite, the difference in peripheral speed between the workpiece W and the rotating tool 35a is likely to be large, and the chips are likely to become entangled with the rotating tool 35a, so it is beneficial to break up the chips.
For example, in the comparative example shown in Figs. 8(a) to (d), step machining or inching machining is performed to perform hole drilling while completely removing the rotary tool 35a from the hole being machined. For example, as shown in Fig. 8(a), the rotary tool 35a is cut into the workpiece W to form a hole, and as shown in Fig. 8(b), the rotary tool 35a is completely removed from the hole being machined. This breaks up the chips. Next, as shown in Fig. 8(c), the rotary tool 35a is cut deeper into the workpiece W to make the hole deeper, and again, as shown in Fig. 8(d), the rotary tool 35a is completely removed from the hole being machined so that the chips are broken up. In this way, in the step machining or inching machining, it is necessary to completely remove the rotary tool 35a from the hole being machined, and the machining time is long. In this respect, in the above embodiment, since the rotary tool 35a is oscillated, it is not necessary to completely remove it from the hole being machined, and the machining time can be shortened while breaking up the chips.

(2) The machine tool 1 includes the spindle moving mechanism 13, which is an example of a second moving mechanism that moves the cutting tool 58a, which cuts the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W that rotates together with the spindle 14, in the Z-axis direction relative to the spindle 14. When drilling a hole in the workpiece W with the rotating tool 35a, the control unit 300 oscillates the rotating tool 35a in the Z-axis direction relative to the spindle 14 via the first tool moving mechanism 30, and when cutting the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W with the cutting tool 58a, the control unit 300 oscillates the cutting tool 58a in the Z-axis direction relative to the spindle 14 via the spindle moving mechanism 13.
According to this configuration, when performing a hole drilling process, the rotating tool 35a is swung in the Z-axis direction relative to the workpiece W, and when performing a cutting process, the cutting tool 58a is swung in the Z-axis direction relative to the workpiece W. This ensures that chips are broken up when either the hole drilling process or the cutting process is performed alone.

(3) The machine tool 1 includes a spindle moving mechanism 13 that moves the spindle 14 in the Z-axis direction. During overlapping machining in which cutting and drilling are performed simultaneously, the control unit 300 oscillates the spindle 14 together with the workpiece W in the Z-axis direction via the spindle moving mechanism 13 so that both chips generated by the cutting and chips generated by the drilling are separated.
According to this configuration, during overlapping processing, both chips generated during cutting and chips generated during drilling are separated, thereby making it possible to shorten the processing time while separating the chips.

(4) When cutting and drilling a workpiece W made of a first material are performed simultaneously, the control unit 300 causes the rotation direction of the rotating tool 35a to differ from the rotation direction of the spindle 14 via the spindle 14 and the tool rotation mechanism 37. When cutting and drilling a workpiece W made of a second material whose temperature is more likely to rise due to cutting heat than the first material is performed simultaneously, the control unit 300 causes the rotation direction of the rotating tool 35a to be the same as the rotation direction of the spindle 14 via the spindle 14 and the tool rotation mechanism 37.
According to this configuration, for a workpiece W made of a second material whose temperature rises more easily due to cutting heat than the first material, the rotation direction of the rotating tool 35a and the rotation direction of the spindle 14 are made the same, thereby making it possible to reduce the difference in peripheral speed between the rotating tool 35a and the workpiece W and suppress the temperature rise of the workpiece W due to cutting heat. On the other hand, for a workpiece W made of a first material whose temperature rises less easily due to cutting heat than the second material, the rotation direction of the rotating tool 35a and the rotation direction of the spindle 14 are made different from each other, thereby making it possible to increase the difference in peripheral speed between the rotating tool 35a and the workpiece W and shorten the processing time.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment and drawings. Modifications (including the deletion of components) can be made as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. An example of a modification is described below.

(Modification)
In the above embodiment, the rotating tool 35a or the cutting tool 58a is swung only in the Z-axis direction, but it may be swung in at least one of the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction in addition to the Z-axis direction.
In the above embodiment, the rotating tool 35a is a drill for drilling holes in the end surface of the workpiece W, but is not limited to a drill and may be any rotating tool, such as an end mill.
Furthermore, the first tool moving mechanism 30 in the above embodiment may be provided at a position facing the spindle 14 in the Z-axis direction.
In addition, the second tool moving mechanism 50 may be omitted.

In the above embodiment, the rotating tool 35a is moved while being swung in the Z-axis direction during single hole machining, but this is not limiting, and the workpiece W (spindle 14) may be moved while being swung in the Z-axis direction via the spindle moving mechanism 13. In this case, the spindle moving mechanism 13 corresponds to the first moving mechanism.
Also, when machining a single hole, one of the rotating tool 35a and the workpiece W (spindle 14) may be fed in the Z-axis direction, while the other of the rotating tool 35a and the workpiece W (spindle 14) may be oscillated.

In the above embodiment, the control unit 300 set the rotation direction of the workpiece W (spindle 14) and the rotation direction of the rotating tool 35a to either the opposite direction or the same direction depending on the material of the workpiece W. However, regardless of the material of the workpiece W, the rotation direction of the workpiece W (spindle 14) and the rotation direction of the rotating tool 35a may be either the opposite direction or the same direction.

In the above embodiment, the control unit 300 sends the spindle 14 and the workpiece W while swinging them in the feed direction S1 via the spindle moving mechanism 13 during the overlapping process, but the present invention is not limited to this. The spindle 14 and the workpiece W may be sent in the feed direction S1 without swinging them, and the rotating tool 35a may be sent in the feed direction S2 via the first slide table moving mechanism 32 while swinging it. This allows chips generated during the hole drilling process to be reliably separated. In addition, for example, the control unit 300 may predict which of the chips generated during the hole drilling process and the chips generated during the cutting process are likely to be entangled in the overlapping process based on the cutting depth and feed speed of the rotating tool 35a and the cutting tool 58a, and may swing the rotating tool 35a when it predicts that the chips generated during the hole drilling process are likely to be entangled in the rotating tool 35a, and may swing the spindle 14 when it predicts that the chips generated during the cutting process are likely to be entangled in the cutting tool 58a. In addition, the control unit 300 may allow the operator to select whether to oscillate the rotating tool 35a or the spindle 14 during overlap machining, and oscillate either the rotating tool 35a or the spindle 14 depending on the result of this selection.
In the above embodiment, the control unit 300 does not need to perform the superimposition processing.

In the above embodiment, the second tool moving mechanism 50 is configured to be unable to move the second slide table 51 in the Z-axis direction, but this is not limiting, and the second tool moving mechanism 50 may be provided with a Z movement mechanism 52Z that moves the second slide table 51 in the Z-axis direction (Z2-axis direction) as shown in Figures 9 and 10. The Z movement mechanism 52Z has a motor, a ball screw, and a nut, similar to the X movement mechanism 52X and the like.
As shown in Figure 9, the spindle moving mechanism 13 may be omitted from the machine tool 1, and the spindle 14 may be configured to be unable to move in the Z-axis direction, or as shown in Figure 10, the machine tool 1 may be provided with a spindle moving mechanism 13 that moves the spindle 14 in the Z-axis direction.
9 and 10, the Z movement mechanism 52Z may correspond to the second movement mechanism. In this case, the control unit 300, during the single cutting process, feeds the cutting tool 58a in the feed direction S2 while swinging it in the Z-axis direction relative to the spindle 14 via the Z movement mechanism 52Z. In particular, in the modification of FIG. 10, during the single cutting process, one of the cutting tool 58a and the workpiece W (spindle 14) may be fed in the Z-axis direction and the other of the cutting tool 58a and the workpiece W (spindle 14) may be swung.

1...machine tool, 10...spindle unit, 11...spindle stock, 13...spindle movement mechanism, 14...spindle, 30...first tool movement mechanism, 32...first slide table movement mechanism, 32X, 52X...X movement mechanism, 32Y, 52Y...Y movement mechanism, 32Z, 52Z...Z movement mechanism, 35...first tool unit, 35a...rotating tool, 35b, 35c, 58b...tool, 36, 56...tool support, 37...tool rotation mechanism, 37a...motor, 37b... Transmission mechanism, 41...first slide table, 50...second tool movement mechanism, 51...second slide table, 52...second slide table movement mechanism, 58...second tool unit, 58a...cutting tool, 300...control unit, K...idling area, L...feed component, S...bed, SC, SB, SW...waveform, S1, S2...feed direction, W...work, SA, SD...straight line, PH, Pa, Pb...maximum point, PL, Ma...minimum point, t1, t2, t3, t4...time

Claims (4)

A spindle that rotates while gripping a workpiece;
a tool rotation mechanism that rotates a rotary tool that performs hole machining on the workpiece gripped by the spindle;
a spindle moving mechanism that moves the spindle in an axial direction along which a rotation axis of the spindle extends;
a first moving mechanism that moves the rotary tool relative to the spindle in the axial direction;
a second moving mechanism that moves a cutting tool that cuts an outer peripheral surface of the workpiece in the axial direction relative to the spindle;
a control unit that controls operations of the tool rotation mechanism, the spindle movement mechanism, the first movement mechanism, and the second movement mechanism ,
When performing cutting processing by the cutting tool and hole machining by the rotating tool simultaneously, the control unit moves the spindle together with the workpiece in the axial direction while swinging it via the spindle moving mechanism, moves the rotating tool linearly without swinging it in the axial direction via the first moving mechanism or keeps it still, and keeps the cutting tool without moving in the axial direction.
Machine Tools. When performing cutting by the cutting tool and hole drilling by the rotating tool simultaneously, a moving speed of the rotating tool in an axial direction is set to be equal to or lower than a moving speed of the spindle in the axial direction.
2. The machine tool according to claim 1. When performing cutting processing by the cutting tool alone and when performing hole processing by the rotary tool alone, the control unit swings the spindle together with the workpiece in the axial direction via the spindle moving mechanism.
3. The machine tool according to claim 1 or 2 . A spindle that rotates while gripping a workpiece;
a tool rotation mechanism that rotates a rotary tool that performs hole machining on the workpiece gripped by the spindle;
a first moving mechanism that moves the rotary tool relative to the spindle in an axial direction along which a rotation axis of the spindle extends;
a second moving mechanism that moves a cutting tool that performs cutting processing on an outer peripheral surface of the workpiece gripped by the spindle in the axial direction relative to the spindle;
a control unit that controls operations of the spindle, the tool rotation mechanism, the first movement mechanism, and the second movement mechanism,
the control unit, when performing the hole machining on the workpiece with the rotating tool, swings the rotating tool relative to the spindle in the axial direction via the first moving mechanism, and when performing the cutting process on the workpiece with the cutting tool, swings the cutting tool relative to the spindle in the axial direction via the second moving mechanism;
The control unit, when performing the cutting process and the hole machining simultaneously on the workpiece made of a first material, makes the rotation direction of the rotating tool and the rotation direction of the spindle different via the spindle and the tool rotation mechanism, and when performing the cutting process and the hole machining simultaneously on the workpiece made of a second material whose temperature is more likely to rise due to cutting heat than the first material, makes the rotation direction of the rotating tool and the rotation direction of the spindle the same direction via the spindle and the tool rotation mechanism.
Machine Tools.