JP7449325B2 - fuel production system - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a fuel production system. More specifically, the present invention relates to a fuel production system that produces liquid fuel based on biomass raw materials and renewable energy.

BACKGROUND ART In recent years, as an alternative to fossil fuels, electrosynthetic fuels that use hydrogen generated from electricity generated by renewable energy and carbon sources such as biomass and carbon dioxide emitted from factories as raw materials have attracted attention.

The general procedure for producing liquid fuels such as methanol and gasoline using biomass as a raw material is as follows. In other words, there is a gasification process in which biomass raw materials that have undergone a specified pretreatment are gasified together with water and oxygen in a gasification furnace to produce synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and a gasification process in which the generated synthesis gas is washed and tarred. a cleaning process to remove the H _{2 /CO ratio of the synthesis gas that has undergone the cleaning process, an H 2} /CO ratio adjustment process to adjust the H ₂ /CO ratio of the synthesis gas to a target ratio according to the liquid fuel to be produced, and an H ₂ /CO ratio adjustment process. Liquid fuel is produced from the biomass raw material through a desulfurization step in which sulfur components are removed from the synthesized gas that has undergone the desulfurization step, and a fuel production step in which liquid fuel is produced from the desulfurized synthesis gas.

JP 2021-147504 Publication

Air is basically introduced as a heat source for the gasifier. When air is used as a heat source, in an internal combustion type gasification furnace, the amount of heat per unit volume of the final product gas is reduced, and in an external combustion type gasification furnace, the process of separating nitrogen during exhaust gas recovery is required. is required. When using oxygen as a heat source, there are methods such as using an oxygen cylinder and separating air, but both are expensive and require a lot of energy.

Furthermore, when hydrogen is produced by water electrolysis, oxygen is generated as a by-product, but currently there is no means to utilize this by-product, so it is discarded.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel production system that can improve the efficiency of the entire system.

(1) The fuel production system according to the present invention (for example, fuel production system 1 described below) is a fuel production system that produces liquid fuel from biomass raw material, and includes a gasification furnace (for example, , a gasifier 30) to be described later, a desulfurization device (for example, a desulfurization device 36 to be described later) that removes sulfur components from the synthesis gas generated by the gasifier, and a synthesis gas from which the sulfur component has been removed by the desulfurization device. A liquid fuel production device that produces liquid fuel from gas (for example, liquid fuel production device 4 described later), and an electrolysis device that produces oxygen from water using electric power generated using renewable energy (for example, electrolysis device 60 that will be described later). ), an oxygen tank (for example, the oxygen tank 66 described below) that stores the oxygen generated by the electrolyzer, and an oxygen filling device (for example, the oxygen tank 66 that will be described later) that fills the oxygen tank with the oxygen generated by the electrolyzer. Oxygen supply that supplies oxygen stored in the oxygen tank to the oxygen filling pump 65) and oxygen utilization means including the gasifier (for example, the gasifier 30, desulfurization device 36, and liquid fuel production device 4 described later) a device (for example, an oxygen supply device 33 described below), the amount of oxygen stored in the oxygen tank is equal to or more than a first predetermined amount, and the amount of oxygen that the oxygen filling device fills into the oxygen tank. is greater than or equal to the amount of oxygen supplied from the oxygen tank to the oxygen utilization means, the oxygen stored in the oxygen tank is used as a heat source for the gasifier, and the oxidizing agent of the desulfurization device and the liquid When the amount of oxygen stored in the oxygen tank is less than the first predetermined amount, the oxygen stored in the oxygen tank is used as at least one of the heat sources of the fuel production device, and the oxygen stored in the oxygen tank is used as a heat source only for the gasifier. used as

(2) In the fuel production system of (1), when the amount of oxygen stored in the oxygen tank is equal to or less than a second predetermined amount, which is smaller than the first predetermined amount, the oxygen filling device fills the oxygen tank. When the amount of oxygen supplied from the oxygen tank to the oxygen utilization means is less than the amount of oxygen supplied from the oxygen tank to the oxygen utilization means and there is a shortage of oxygen to be used as a heat source for the gasifier, air is used as the heat source for the gasifier. is preferred.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a fuel production system that can improve the efficiency of the entire system.

1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a fuel manufacturing system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart showing the specific procedure of oxygen/air supply processing.

Hereinafter, a fuel manufacturing system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a fuel production system 1 according to this embodiment. The fuel production system 1 includes a biomass raw material supply device 2 that supplies biomass raw materials, a gasification device 3 that gasifies the biomass raw materials supplied from the biomass raw material supply device 2, and generates synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide. A liquid fuel production device 4 that produces liquid fuel from the syngas supplied from the gasification device 3; a power generation facility 5 that generates power using renewable energy; a hydrogen/oxygen generation/supply device 6 that generates hydrogen and oxygen and supplies the generated hydrogen and oxygen to the gasification device 3; a control device 7 that controls the gasification device 3, the power generation equipment 5, and the hydrogen/oxygen generation/supply device 6; These are used to produce liquid fuel from biomass raw materials.

The biomass raw material supply device 2 performs predetermined pretreatment on biomass raw materials such as rice grains, bagasse, and wood, and the biomass raw materials that have undergone this pretreatment are gasified by the gasification device 3 via the raw material supply path 20. Supply to the furnace 30. Here, the pretreatment of the biomass raw material includes, for example, a drying process for drying the raw material, a pulverization process for crushing the raw material, and the like.

The gasifier 3 includes a gasifier 30 that gasifies the biomass raw material supplied via the raw material supply path 20, and a gasifier sensor that includes a plurality of sensors that detect the internal state of the gasifier 30. a group 31, a water supply device 32 that supplies water into the gasification furnace 30, an oxygen supply device 33 that supplies oxygen or air into the gasification furnace 30, and a heating device 34 that heats the gasification furnace 30. It includes a scrubber 35 that cleans the synthesis gas discharged from the gasifier 30, and a desulfurization device 36 that removes sulfur components from the synthesis gas cleaned by the scrubber 35 and supplies it to the liquid fuel production device 4.

The water supply device 32 supplies water stored in a water tank (not shown) into the gasifier 30. The oxygen supply device 33 supplies oxygen stored in an oxygen tank 66 (described later) to the gasification furnace 30, the desulfurization device 36, the liquid fuel production device 4, and an oxygen cylinder 68 (described later), which are oxygen utilization means. The heating device 34 heats the gasifier 30 by consuming fuel supplied from a fuel tank (not shown) and electric power supplied from a power source (not shown).

The amount of water supplied from the water supply device 32 into the gasification furnace 30, the amount of oxygen and air supplied from the oxygen supply device 33 into the gasification furnace 30, and the amount of oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply device 33 into the desulfurization device 36. , the amount of oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply device 33 into the liquid fuel manufacturing device 4, the amount of oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply device 33 into the oxygen cylinder 68, and the amount of heat input from the heating device 34 to the gasification furnace 30 are controlled by the control device. Controlled by 7.

In the fuel production system 1 according to the present embodiment, hydrogen is supplied from the water supply device 32 to the gasification furnace 30 by supplying hydrogen into the gasification furnace 30 or into the raw material supply path 20 from the hydrogen/oxygen generation and supply device 6, which will be described later. In some cases, it may not be necessary to actively supply water to the inside. In this case, the water supply device 32 can also be removed from the fuel production system 1.

When water, oxygen, heat, etc. are introduced into the gasifier 30 into which the biomass raw material has been introduced by the water supply device 32, oxygen supply device 33, and heating device 34 as described above, inside the gasifier 30, For example, a total of 10 types of gasification reactions and their reverse reactions as shown in formulas (1-1) to (1-5) below proceed, and synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide is produced.

The gasifier sensor group 31 includes, for example, a pressure sensor that detects the pressure inside the gasifier 30, a temperature sensor that detects the temperature inside the gasifier 30, and hydrogen and carbon monoxide of the synthesis gas in the gasifier 30. It is composed of an H ₂ /CO sensor that detects the H ₂ /CO ratio corresponding to the ratio of , and a CO ₂ sensor that detects carbon dioxide in the gasification furnace 30 . Detection signals from these sensors forming the gasifier sensor group 31 are transmitted to the control device 7.

When oxygen, synthesis gas, limestone, etc. are introduced into the desulfurization device 36 by the oxygen supply device 33, scrubber 35, and limestone supply device (not shown), in the desulfurization device 36, desulfurization as shown in the following formula (2-1) occurs. The reaction and the oxidation reaction shown in the following formula (2-2) proceed, the sulfur component is removed from the synthesis gas, and gypsum is produced. The gypsum produced here can also be sold.
SO ₂ +CaCO ₃ +0.5H ₂ O→CaSO ₃・0.5H ₂ O+CO ₂ (2-1)
CaSO ₃・0.5H ₂ O+0.5O ₂ +1.5H ₂ O→CaSO ₄・2H ₂ O (2-2)

The gasification device 3 supplies hydrogen supplied from a hydrogen/oxygen generation and supply device 6, which will be described later, to the synthesis gas produced by the gasification reactions shown in the above formulas (1-1) to (1-5) and their reverse reactions. By mixing, the H ₂ /CO ratio of the synthesis gas is adjusted to a predetermined target ratio depending on the liquid fuel to be produced (for example, when producing methanol, the target ratio of H ₂ /CO ratio is 2). After that, this synthesis gas is supplied to the liquid fuel production device 4.

The liquid fuel production device 4 includes a methanol synthesis device, an MTG (Methanol To Gasoline) synthesis device, an FT (Fischer Tropsch) synthesis device, an upgrading device, etc., and by using these devices, a predetermined H level is achieved in the gasification device 3. Liquid fuels such as methanol and gasoline are produced from synthesis gas adjusted to a ₂ /CO ratio.

The power generation equipment 5 includes wind power generation equipment that generates power using wind power, which is a renewable energy, and solar power generation equipment, which generates power using sunlight, which is a renewable energy. The power generation equipment 5 is connected to the hydrogen/oxygen generation/supply device 6, and electricity generated using renewable energy in wind power generation equipment, solar power generation equipment, etc. is supplied to the hydrogen/oxygen generation/supply device 6. Can be done. Furthermore, the power generation equipment 5 is also connected to a commercial power grid 8 . Therefore, part or all of the power generated in the power generation facility 5 can be supplied to the commercial power grid 8 and sold to the power company.

The hydrogen/oxygen generation and supply device 6 includes an electrolysis device 60, a hydrogen filling pump 61, a hydrogen tank 62, a pressure sensor 63, a hydrogen supply pump 64, an oxygen filling pump 65, an oxygen tank 66, and a pressure sensor 67. and an oxygen cylinder 68. This hydrogen/oxygen generation and supply device 6 generates hydrogen and oxygen using electric power supplied from the power generation equipment 5, supplies the generated hydrogen to the gasification device 3, and converts the generated oxygen into gasification, which is a means for utilizing oxygen. It is supplied to the device 3 (gasification furnace 30, desulfurization device 36), liquid fuel production device 4, and oxygen cylinder 68.

The electrolysis device 60 is connected to the power generation equipment 5, and generates hydrogen and oxygen from water by electrolysis using electric power supplied from the power generation equipment 5. The electrolyzer 60 is also connected to the commercial power grid 8 . Therefore, the electrolyzer 60 can generate hydrogen and oxygen not only with the power supplied from the power generation facility 5 but also with the power supplied from the commercial power grid 8 by purchasing power from the power company. The amount of hydrogen produced and the amount of oxygen produced by the electrolyzer 60 are controlled by the control device 7.

The hydrogen filling pump 61 compresses hydrogen generated by the electrolyzer 60 and fills the hydrogen tank 62 with the compressed hydrogen. The amount of hydrogen filled by the hydrogen filling pump 61 is controlled by the control device 7. The hydrogen tank 62 stores hydrogen compressed by the hydrogen filling pump 61. The pressure sensor 63 detects the internal pressure of the hydrogen tank 62 and sends a detection signal to the control device 7. The remaining amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen tank 62 is calculated by the control device 7 based on the detection signal of the pressure sensor 63. Therefore, in this embodiment, the remaining hydrogen amount obtaining means for obtaining the remaining amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen tank 62 is constituted by the pressure sensor 63 and the control device 7.

The hydrogen supply pump 64 supplies hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank 62 into the gasifier 30 of the gasifier 3 . The amount of hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen supply pump 64 into the gasifier 30 is controlled by the control device 7. Although FIG. 1 illustrates a case where hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank 62 is supplied into the gasifier 30 by the hydrogen supply pump 64, the present invention is not limited to this. The hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank 62 may be supplied upstream from the gasifier 30, more specifically into the raw material supply path 20 of the biomass raw material.

The oxygen filling pump 65 compresses the oxygen generated by the electrolyzer 60 and fills the oxygen tank 66 with the compressed oxygen. The amount of oxygen filled by the oxygen filling pump 65 is controlled by the control device 7. The oxygen tank 66 stores oxygen compressed by the oxygen filling pump 65. Pressure sensor 67 detects the internal pressure of oxygen tank 66 and sends a detection signal to control device 7 . The remaining amount of oxygen in the oxygen tank 66 is calculated by the control device 7 based on the detection signal of the pressure sensor 67. Therefore, in this embodiment, the remaining oxygen amount obtaining means for obtaining the remaining amount of oxygen in the oxygen tank 66 is constituted by the pressure sensor 67 and the control device 7.

The control device 7 controls the water supply device 32 based on the detection signal from the gasifier sensor group 31, the detection signal from the pressure sensor 63 of the hydrogen tank 62, the detection signal from the pressure sensor 67 of the oxygen tank 66, etc. Water supply amount, oxygen supply amount and air supply amount into the gasifier 30 by the oxygen supply device 33, oxygen supply amount from the oxygen supply device 33 into the desulfurization device 36, oxygen supply amount from the oxygen supply device 33 into the liquid fuel production device 4 the amount of oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply device 33 into the oxygen cylinder 68, the amount of heat input by the heating device 34, the amount of hydrogen produced and the amount of oxygen produced by the electrolyzer 60, the amount of hydrogen filled by the hydrogen filling pump 61, the amount of hydrogen This is a computer that controls the amount of hydrogen supplied by the supply pump 64 and the amount of oxygen filled by the oxygen filling pump 65. A specific procedure for controlling the oxygen supply amount and air supply amount by the control device 7 will be described with reference to FIG. 2.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a specific procedure for oxygen/air supply processing. When the amount of oxygen stored in the oxygen tank 66 is at least a first predetermined amount (for example, full) and the amount of oxygen flowing into the oxygen tank 66 is at least the amount of oxygen flowing out from the oxygen tank 66, In other words, when the amount of oxygen that the oxygen filling pump 65 fills into the oxygen tank 66 is greater than or equal to the amount of oxygen that is supplied from the oxygen tank 66 to the oxygen utilization means including the gasifier 30 (YES in step S1), the control The device 7 controls the oxygen stored in the oxygen tank 66 to be supplied to the gasifier 30 and also to the desulfurization device 36 and the liquid fuel manufacturing device 4 (step S2). In this case, if there is a surplus in the amount of oxygen supplied from the oxygen tank 66, the control device 7 supplies the oxygen stored in the oxygen tank 66 to the oxygen cylinder 68.

That is, in the fuel production system 1, the amount of oxygen stored in the oxygen tank 66 is equal to or higher than the first predetermined amount (for example, full tank), and the amount of oxygen filled into the oxygen tank 66 by the oxygen filling pump 65 is less than or equal to the first predetermined amount (for example, full tank). If the amount of oxygen supplied from the tank 66 to the oxygen utilization means including the gasifier 30 is greater than or equal to the amount (YES in step S1), the oxygen stored in the oxygen tank 66 is used as a heat source for the gasifier 30. At the same time, it is used as an oxidizing agent for the desulfurization device 36 and a heat source for the liquid fuel production device 4 (step S2).

On the other hand, if the amount of oxygen stored in the oxygen tank 66 is less than the first predetermined amount (NO in step S1), the control device 7 controls the oxygen stored in the oxygen tank 66 only to the gasifier 30. (Step S3).

That is, when the amount of oxygen stored in the oxygen tank 66 is less than the first predetermined amount (NO in step S1), the fuel production system 1 transfers the oxygen stored in the oxygen tank 66 to the gasifier 30. (Step S3).

Further, when the amount of oxygen stored in the oxygen tank 66 is equal to or less than a second predetermined amount (for example, an empty tank), which is smaller than the first predetermined amount, the amount of oxygen that the oxygen filling pump 65 fills into the oxygen tank 66 is reduced. When the amount of oxygen supplied from the oxygen tank 66 to the oxygen utilization means including the gasifier 30 is less than the amount and the oxygen used as a heat source for the gasifier 30 is insufficient (YES in step S4), the control is performed. The device 7 controls to supply air to the gasifier 30 in addition to the oxygen stored in the oxygen tank 66 (step S5). Here, the case where the amount of oxygen that the oxygen filling pump 65 fills into the oxygen tank 66 is equal to or less than the amount of oxygen supplied from the oxygen tank 66 to the oxygen utilization means including the gasifier 30 means that the above-mentioned step S1 and Similarly, this is the case when the amount of oxygen flowing into the oxygen tank 66 is greater than or equal to the amount of oxygen flowing out from the oxygen tank 66.

That is, in the fuel production system 1, the amount of oxygen stored in the oxygen tank 66 is equal to or less than the second predetermined amount (for example, an empty tank), and the amount of oxygen that the oxygen filling pump 65 fills into the oxygen tank 66 is equal to or less than the second predetermined amount (for example, an empty tank). If the amount of oxygen supplied to the oxygen utilization means including the gasifier 30 is less than or equal to the amount of oxygen supplied to the oxygen utilization means including the gasifier 30 and there is a shortage of oxygen used as a heat source for the gasifier 30 (YES in step S4), the gasifier 30 Air is used as a heat source (step S5).

According to the fuel production system 1 according to the present embodiment, efficiency can be improved in the entire system.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this. The detailed structure may be changed as appropriate within the spirit of the present invention.

For example, in the above embodiment, the amount of oxygen stored in the oxygen tank 66 is equal to or more than the first predetermined amount (full tank), and the amount of oxygen that the oxygen filling pump 65 fills into the oxygen tank 66 is If the amount of oxygen supplied to the oxygen utilization means including the gasifier 30 is greater than or equal to the amount (YES in step S1), the oxygen stored in the oxygen tank 66 is used as a heat source for the gasifier 30, and the oxygen is desulfurized. Although the explanation has been given using the case where the device is used as both the oxidizer of the device 36 and the heat source of the liquid fuel production device 4 (at the time of step S2), the present invention is not limited to this, and if YES in step S1, the gasification In addition to being used as a heat source for the furnace 30, oxygen stored in the oxygen tank 66 may be used as at least one of the oxidizing agent for the desulfurization device 36 and the heat source for the liquid fuel production device 4.

1 Fuel production system 2 Biomass raw material supply device 20 Raw material supply path 3 Gasifier 30 Gasifier 31 Gasifier sensor group 32 Water supply device 33 Oxygen supply device 34 Heating device 35 Scrubber 36 Desulfurization device 4 Liquid fuel production device 5 Power generation Equipment 6 Hydrogen/oxygen generation and supply device 61 Hydrogen filling pump 62 Hydrogen tank 63 Pressure sensor 64 Hydrogen supply pump 65 Oxygen filling pump (oxygen filling device)
66 Oxygen tank 67 Pressure sensor 68 Oxygen cylinder 7 Control device 8 Commercial power grid

Claims (2)

A fuel production system that produces liquid fuel from biomass raw materials,
A gasifier that generates synthesis gas from biomass raw materials,
a desulfurization device that removes sulfur components from the synthesis gas generated by the gasifier and generates gypsum using an oxidizing agent ;
a liquid fuel production device that produces liquid fuel from synthesis gas from which sulfur components have been removed by the desulfurization device;
an electrolysis device that generates oxygen and hydrogen from water using electricity generated using renewable energy;
an oxygen tank that stores oxygen generated by the electrolyzer;
a hydrogen tank that stores hydrogen generated by the electrolyzer;
an oxygen filling device that fills the oxygen tank with oxygen generated by the electrolyzer;
an oxygen supply device that supplies oxygen stored in the oxygen tank to the oxygen utilization means including the gasifier;
a hydrogen filling device that fills the hydrogen tank with hydrogen generated by the electrolyzer;
a hydrogen supply device that supplies hydrogen stored in the hydrogen tank to the hydrogen utilization means including the gasifier,
The amount of oxygen stored in the oxygen tank is equal to or greater than a first predetermined amount, and the amount of oxygen that the oxygen filling device fills into the oxygen tank is the amount of oxygen that is supplied from the oxygen tank to the oxygen utilization means. In the above case, the oxygen stored in the oxygen tank is used as a heat source for the gasifier, and at least one of an oxidizing agent for the desulfurization device and a heat source for the liquid fuel production device,
A fuel manufacturing system, wherein when the amount of oxygen stored in the oxygen tank is less than the first predetermined amount, the oxygen stored in the oxygen tank is used as a heat source only for the gasifier. When the amount of oxygen stored in the oxygen tank is less than or equal to a second predetermined amount, which is smaller than the first predetermined amount, the amount of oxygen that the oxygen filling device fills into the oxygen tank is less than or equal to the oxygen utilization from the oxygen tank. 2. The fuel production system according to claim 1, wherein air is used as a heat source for the gasifier when the amount of oxygen supplied to the gasifier is less than or equal to the amount of oxygen supplied to the gasifier and when there is a shortage of oxygen to be used as a heat source for the gasifier.

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